IEEE Sensors Letters最新文献_第3页

Phase–Amplitude Fusion Network for Underwater Environment Noise Suppression in Fiber-Optic Hydrophones 用于光纤水听器水下环境噪声抑制的相幅融合网络

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3684149

Yuanzhi Zhai;Long Zhang;Dongye Xie;Yuan Xie;Ji Xu

引用次数: 0

An Offset-Cancelled Relaxation Oscillator With Voltage Averaging Feedback for LCoS Applications 一种用于lco应用的具有电压平均反馈的补偿抵消弛豫振荡器

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3674743

Tianai Li;Yingqi Feng;Haoran Zeng;Hui Wang;Qiliang Li;Zunkai Huang

{"title":"An Offset-Cancelled Relaxation Oscillator With Voltage Averaging Feedback for LCoS Applications","authors":"Tianai Li;Yingqi Feng;Haoran Zeng;Hui Wang;Qiliang Li;Zunkai Huang","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3674743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3674743","url":null,"abstract":"Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) microdisplay systems require compact and energy-efficient on-chip clock sources to ensure precise timing for display drivers and communication interfaces. This letter presents a process-resilient relaxation oscillator fabricated in a 0.18-<inline-formula><tex-math>$mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m CMOS process. To address the frequency instability caused by comparator nonidealities, the proposed design synergizes a time-domain chopping technique with a voltage averaging feedback loop. This dual-mechanism effectively mitigates the impact of comparator input offset while automatically compensating for circuit delays. Measurement results demonstrate a fundamental frequency of 50 MHz with a power consumption of 122.1 <inline-formula><tex-math>$mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>W at 1.8 V supply, achieving an energy efficiency of 2.44 nW/kHz; the proposed design reduces the frequency standard deviation (<inline-formula><tex-math>$sigma$</tex-math></inline-formula>) by 90.84%, and the duty cycle standard deviation (<inline-formula><tex-math>$sigma$</tex-math></inline-formula>) by 95.47% compared to the conventional architecture, making it a robust clocking solution for LCoS applications.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MixWT-Net: A MixStyle and Wavelet-Guided Transformer Network for Generalized Glaucoma Classification MixWT-Net：用于广义青光眼分类的混合风格和小波制导变压器网络

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3681687

Dipankar Das;Deepak Ranjan Nayak;Ram Bilas Pachori

{"title":"MixWT-Net: A MixStyle and Wavelet-Guided Transformer Network for Generalized Glaucoma Classification","authors":"Dipankar Das;Deepak Ranjan Nayak;Ram Bilas Pachori","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3681687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3681687","url":null,"abstract":"Early diagnosis of glaucoma is crucial to prevent permanent blindness. However, it remains challenging due to subtle structural changes in the lesion regions, overlapping features, and variation in imaging conditions. While convolutional neural networks achieve significant improvements for automated glaucoma screening through fundus images, they exhibit limited capability in extracting critical lesion features and correlations among them, leading to suboptimal generalization performance. To address these issues, in this letter, we propose a MixStyle and wavelet transform guided transformer network, MixWT-Net, for effective glaucoma classification. Specifically, we introduce a wavelet-based efficient self-attention module (W-ESAM) to capture relevant global contextual dependencies across the spatial and channel dimensions, thereby facilitating the capture of salient lesion cues. The W-ESAM leverages wavelet transform to obtain low-dimensional feature map while preserving contextual information and ensuring efficient attention computation. A MixStyle module is adopted to mix feature statistics and enhance adaptation and generalization ability. We perform extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets: LAG, Drishti-GS, REFUGE, and ORIGA, and the results demonstrate that our method achieves superior classification and generalization performance compared to other state-of-the-art approaches, making the MixWT-Net a method of choice for real-time glaucoma screening.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Adsorbed Water on Quality Factor of Fused Silica Uncoated and Platinum-Coated Shell Resonators 吸附水对未包覆石英和包覆铂壳谐振器质量因子的影响

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3662277

Sajal Singh;Jae Yoong Cho;Tal Nagourney;Khalil Najafi

{"title":"Effect of Adsorbed Water on Quality Factor of Fused Silica Uncoated and Platinum-Coated Shell Resonators","authors":"Sajal Singh;Jae Yoong Cho;Tal Nagourney;Khalil Najafi","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3662277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3662277","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we study the effect of adsorbed water on the mechanical quality factor<italic>, Q, of fused-silica (FS) shell resonators. 10-mm-diameter shell resonators with <italic>Q on the order of millions are subjected to annealing at two different temperatures of 450 °C and 850 °C, and <italic>Q improvement is measured. Two major factors leading to improvements are identified. One is the relaxation of mechanical strain and the other is the removal of attached water molecules. Temperature treatment can remove physically adsorbed molecules (dehydration) or remove silanol groups (dehydroxylation). It is believed that desorption occurs at ∼450 °C, while dehydroxylation takes place at ∼850 °C. Resonators are then subjected to a series of experiments by exposing them to different wet and gaseous environments, and <italic>Q is measured sequentially to understand FS material damping in different conditions. It is believed that damping due to attached molecules on the FS surface degrades <italic>Q to different extents depending on the nature of exposure. While molecules adsorbed from atmospheric moisture do not cause significant loss of <italic>Q, hydroxylation in an aqueous environment lowers <italic>Q significantly. Finally, FS shells are conformally coated with Atomic layer deposition (ALD) platinum and subjected to a series of experiments. It is observed that protecting the surface of the resonator with platinum reduces loss of <italic>Q due to exposure to wet/gas environments; however, the effect may also be conflated with <italic>Q loss from metal coating, and this requires further investigation to isolate the effects.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-Time Edge-Deployable Noninvasive Blood Glucose Estimation Using PPG Sensor Signals via a Dual-Stream Spatiotemporal Graph–Transformer 利用双流时空图转换器的PPG传感器信号进行实时边缘可展开无创血糖估计

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3679821

Sia Ahuja;Suryansh Malhotra;Jyoti Yadav

{"title":"Real-Time Edge-Deployable Noninvasive Blood Glucose Estimation Using PPG Sensor Signals via a Dual-Stream Spatiotemporal Graph–Transformer","authors":"Sia Ahuja;Suryansh Malhotra;Jyoti Yadav","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3679821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3679821","url":null,"abstract":"Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor-based glucose monitoring offers noninvasive continuous tracking for diabetic management, but deep learning approaches often face challenges in practical edge deployment due to computational complexity. We propose a hybrid graph convolutional network (GCN) Transformer architecture that jointly models spatial feature relationships and temporal dependencies using learned adjacency matrices with real time performance on mobile processors. The proposed method extracts frequency-domain and temporal morphological features using short-time Fourier transform and discrete wavelet transform, respectively, and integrates them through dual Transformer encoders with bidirectional cross-attention. The GCN propagates information over constructed spatiotemporal feature graphs, enhancing glucose-related patterns through neighborhood consensus. The model performance is evaluated on 6 727 PPG segments from 217 subjects, achieves RMSE of 4.887 mg/dL, MAE of 1.973 mg/dL, and R<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.989, with 96.1% predictions within clinically acceptable <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 15 mg/dL threshold. The compact 1.16 M-parameter architecture enables edge deployment with 76 ms inference latency on Snapdragon 778G processors, demonstrating feasibility for continuous glucose monitoring.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of a Digital Twin System for a Biped Robot for Prediction of Foot–Terrain Contact Forces and Its Validation Using a Force-Sensing Foot 双足机器人足部-地形接触力预测数字孪生系统设计及力感足验证

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3677302

Vyankatesh Ashtekar;Ashish Dutta

引用次数: 0

Radar-Based Estimation of Heart Interbeat Interval Using Waveform Features and a Probabilistic Model With Latent Variables 利用波形特征和潜在变量概率模型的基于雷达的心跳间隔估计

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-06 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3681358

Kimitaka Sumi;Takuya Sakamoto

{"title":"Radar-Based Estimation of Heart Interbeat Interval Using Waveform Features and a Probabilistic Model With Latent Variables","authors":"Kimitaka Sumi;Takuya Sakamoto","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3681358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3681358","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposes a millimeter-wave radar sensing system for adaptive measurement of the heart interbeat interval under diverse measurement environments. Millimeter-wave radar provides high-resolution sensing of micrometer-scale heartbeat-induced skin motion. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the heartbeat component contained in the measured displacement varies substantially across postures and individuals, making it difficult to maintain stable measurement performance. To address this challenge, we introduce a probabilistic sensing model for heartbeat-induced micromotions with a heteroscedastic Gaussian process regression-based compensation method. This approach adaptively stabilizes the radar-based heartbeat measurement even in diverse measurement conditions. Experiments with five participants in three seating orientations demonstrated that the proposed sensing method reduced heart interbeat interval error by 63.3%, reduced heart rate error by 60.1%, and improved heart rate measurement accuracy by 21.2 points compared with a conventional radar-based measurement method.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11475512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beamforming Ground-Coupled Airwaves for Gunshot Localization 用于射击定位的波束形成地面耦合无线电波

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3678475

Samba Gaye;Wagdy Mahmoud;Max Denis

引用次数: 0

Development of a Sensor Array and Data Visualization Platform to Detect Active Steel Corrosion 钢腐蚀检测传感器阵列及数据可视化平台的研制

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3676298

Ines Carotti;James Covington;Duncan Billson;David Hutchins

{"title":"Development of a Sensor Array and Data Visualization Platform to Detect Active Steel Corrosion","authors":"Ines Carotti;James Covington;Duncan Billson;David Hutchins","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3676298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3676298","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion is a major issue across many industries, requiring continuous monitoring, prevention, and repair to avert catastrophic failures. This study investigated the development of a portable sensor array capable of detecting airborne corrosion by-products, enabling simple early-stage corrosion detection. An experimental setup was designed to look at the volatile compound outputs of mild steel in a corrosive environment in a sealed PTFE bottle. A second sensor array was deployed with mild steel under noncorrosive conditions over the same one-week period for comparison. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis for visualization, with the longer term aim of using the collected dataset to train machine-learning models for future deployment. The sensors were selected for their ability to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and some gases, both of which may be associated with corroding steel. Clear separation was observed between the day-by-day progression of corrosion and the nonrusting samples, with particularly strong discrimination from the VOC sensors.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11449257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147620986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Noise and Bandwidth Performance Optimization for Readout Electronics of DC Superconducting Quantum Interference Device 直流超导量子干涉器件读出电子器件噪声和带宽性能优化

IF 2.2

IEEE Sensors Letters Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2026.3679842

Yang Shao;Shandong Li;Fuqing Shang;Zhengyu Wang;Quanming Gao

{"title":"Noise and Bandwidth Performance Optimization for Readout Electronics of DC Superconducting Quantum Interference Device","authors":"Yang Shao;Shandong Li;Fuqing Shang;Zhengyu Wang;Quanming Gao","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2026.3679842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2026.3679842","url":null,"abstract":"Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) impose stringent requirements on readout electronics in terms of both low noise and wide bandwidth. However, in flux-locked loop readout systems, the overall noise performance is typically limited by the noise of the preamplifier, while insufficient bandwidth under high-magnetic flux slew-rate conditions can readily lead to SQUID loss of lock. To address these issues, this letter proposes a noise and bandwidth co-optimization technique for DC SQUID readout circuits. This approach achieves bandwidth extension through a composite amplifier topology and, in combination with the noise suppression characteristics of a parallel architecture, realizes coordinated optimization of bandwidth and noise performance at the architectural level. Based on gain–bandwidth product theory and the statistical superposition principle of noise, optimal system bandwidth can be achieved by coordinated matching of the gains of the two amplification stages, while the statistical addition of uncorrelated noise sources is exploited to reduce the overall input-referred voltage noise. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed readout electronics scheme achieves a wide bandwidth of 1.2 MHz and an ultralow input-referred voltage noise of 0.58 nV/√Hz, providing an effective technical solution for high-bandwidth, low-noise SQUID applications.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"10 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0