High altitude medicine & biology最新文献

{"title":"<i>Letter:</i> The Italian Conquest of K2: Health-Related Aspects from the Newly Published Documents of Deputy Expedition Leader Ugo Angelino.","authors":"Paolo Sossai","doi":"10.1177/15578682251359375","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15578682251359375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"424-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Altitude on Polycythemia Vera: Is it Necessary to Change Limits?","authors":"Istemi Serin, Ahmet Unal, Arzu Dobral, Fatma Elif Eroglu, Erdem Ayik, Jale Oz Unal, Mehmet Barış Cengiz, Okan Kati, Toros Taskin, Vural Bastug, Abdulkadir Karismaz","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0001","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2025.0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serin, Istemi, Ahmet Unal, Arzu Dobral, Fatma Elif Eroglu, Erdem Ayik, Jale Oz Unal, Mehmet Barış Cengiz, Okan Kati, Toros Taskin, Vural Bastug, and Abdulkadir Karismaz. The Effect of altitude on polycythemia vera: Is it necessary to change limits? <i>High Alt Med Biol</i>. 26:355-360, 2025. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative disease characterized by high hemoglobin/hematocrit levels accompanied by <i>JAK2</i> mutations. In this study, we aimed to establish a new hemoglobin cut-off value for the diagnosis and further evaluation of PV, taking into account the altitude of the regions where patients reside. In addition, we sought to examine the impact of altitude on patients diagnosed with PV and secondary polycythemia (SP) within our case series. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients living in Istanbul and Agri who were evaluated for PV at the hematology outpatient clinic of Istanbul and Agri Training and Research Hospitals between January 20, 2023, and January 20, 2024, were included in the study. The average altitude of the center of Agri is 1,630 m, while the center of Istanbul is 30 m. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean altitude of residence for individuals diagnosed with PV was 326 ± 259 m, whereas it was significantly higher at 1,065 ± 675 m in the SP subgroup (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, in subgroup analyses of patients with PV and SP, altitude was not a significant factor influencing hemoglobin levels. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our study results did not support the use of different hemoglobin cut-off values or correction factors for further evaluation of PV in patients living at different altitudes. Our results might not be applicable to altitudes higher than those we examined.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"355-360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"V̇O₂max, an Important Determinant of Success when Climbing High Mountains.","authors":"Martin Burtscher","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0015","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2025.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burtscher, Martin.V̇O₂max, an important determinant of success when climbing high mountains. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:382-384, 2025.-Trekking and climbing at high altitudes without the use of supplemental oxygen require high baseline aerobic performance, i.e., maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O₂max), primarily due to the loss of V̇O₂max with increasing altitude. Thus, basic individual performance (at low altitude) becomes particularly important. This fact is often underestimated, which may fail to reach the summit and could be associated with increased risks of accidents and emergencies. However, timely training preparation and aligning the planned mountaineering goal to individual performance can reduce risk and disappointment on the mountain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"382-384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Prior Respiratory Infection Increase the Risk of High-Altitude Pulmonary and Cerebral Edema? A Case Report.","authors":"Jon K Femling, Peter S Figueiredo, Aaron J Reilly, Jason D Williams, Trevor J Mayschak, Erik R Swenson, Steven D Landspurg, Beth A Beidleman","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0021","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2025.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Femling, Jon K., Peter S. Figueiredo, Aaron J. Reilly, Jason D. Williams, Trevor J. Mayschak, Erik R. Swenson, Steven D. Landspurg, and Beth A. Beidleman. Does prior respiratory infection increase the risk of high-altitude pulmonary and cerebral edema? A case report. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:411-415, 2025.-Inadequate time to acclimatize to the lower partial pressure of oxygen at high altitude (HA) can result in one or more forms of acute altitude illness: acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). AMS is common while HAPE and HACE are exceptionally rare, particularly below 4,000 m. Severe AMS can be debilitating while both HAPE and HACE are potentially deadly if untreated. Cases of HAPE at altitudes <4,000 m have been linked to a preceding, or concurrent, respiratory infection (RI), which may augment susceptibility. This case report details a timeline of continuous physiological monitoring, including heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation, during active ascent and 42-hour exposure to 3,600 m from an individual diagnosed with HAPE/HACE. The case occurred during a military research study providing a homogenous cohort (<i>n</i> = 37) to compare data. Nocturnal oxygen saturation was poor and deteriorated during the stay. The case reported the most severe AMS symptoms on surveys without vocalized complaints. The case presented the classical symptoms of HACE (ataxia and confusion) by the second morning at HA. An underlying RI was discovered that may have increased his susceptibility to HAPE, and subsequently to HACE, at relatively low altitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"411-415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Altitude Impacts on Gut Microbiota: Accelerated Aging and the Urgency for Targeted Health Interventions.","authors":"Zhexin Ni, Yongqiang Zhou, Mingyang Chang, Tiantian Xia, Wei Zhou, Yue Gao","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0016","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2025.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ni, Zhexin, Yongqiang Zhou, Mingyang Chang, Tiantian Xia, Wei Zhou, and Yue Gao. High-altitude impacts on gut microbiota: Accelerated aging and the urgency for targeted health interventions. <i>High Alt Med Biol</i>. 26:416-423, 2025.-The human gut microbiota is integral to the aging process, and its composition is notably influenced by the unique environmental pressures of high-altitude plateaus, characterized by hypobaric and hypoxic conditions. This study explores the correlation between physiological aging and gut microbiota among high-altitude plateau inhabitants, an essential aspect of health preservation in such regions. We conducted a metagenomic analysis of fecal samples from 105 individuals who migrated to high-altitude areas before the age of 20. Our results demonstrate that advancing age and prolonged high-altitude living significantly modify the gut microbiota, evidenced by reduced diversity and an elevated Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in older subjects. Notably, the abundance of the anti-aging bacterium <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (<i>A. muciniphila</i>) inversely correlates with age, showing a significant decline post the age of 25. A comparative analysis of 2,007 individuals from lower altitudes revealed a similar negative correlation between <i>A. muciniphila</i> and age, with a decline evident from age 38. These findings indicate that the high-altitude plateau environment may accelerate the decline of <i>A. muciniphila</i> by 10 years, underscoring the need for targeted health strategies for high-altitude populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"388-392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of High-Altitude Renal Syndrome Mainly Manifested as IgA Nephropathy.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Er-Chao Feng, Ji Cang, Qing De","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0017","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2025.0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zhang, Lei, Er-Chao Feng, Ji Cang, and Qing De. A case of high-altitude renal syndrome mainly manifested as IgA nephropathy. <i>High Alt Med Biol</i>. 26:408-410, 2025.-This article reports a case of a 30-year-old male patient with \"low back pain for 1 year, aggravated for 2 months.\" Laboratory and imaging examinations, as well as renal biopsy pathological analysis, were carried out. The patient was diagnosed with high-altitude renal syndrome complicated by IgA nephropathy. After treatment with optimized supportive therapy combined with specific drugs for high-altitude diseases, the patient's condition improved significantly. This case provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of similar cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"408-410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme Variability of Anemia Prevalence in Peruvian Children Based on Different Altitude Correction Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Luis Baquerizo-Sedano, José Augusto Chaquila, Juan Pablo Aparco, Carlos Torres Salinas, Orison O Woolcott, Pedro González-Muniesa","doi":"10.1177/15578682251364224","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15578682251364224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Baquerizo-Sedano, Luis, José Augusto Chaquila, Juan Pablo Aparco, Carlos Torres Salinas, Orison O. Woolcott, and Pedro González-Muniesa. Extreme variability of anemia prevalence in peruvian children based on different altitude correction factors: A cross-sectional study. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:374-381, 2025. <b><i>Objetives:</i></b> Higher erythrocytosis is the main hematological adaptation to altitude. Consequently, several correction factors have been proposed to diagnose anemia in children at high altitude. We compared the anemia prevalence in Peruvian children aged 6-59 months living at different altitudes according to several published correction factors to adjust hemoglobin for altitude. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data were collected from 578,576 children in the Nutritional Surveillance System in Peru in 2020. Anemia prevalence was estimated by altitude every 1,000 m, using four different adjustment criteria, including the recent adjustment proposal from the World Health Organization. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The total prevalence of anemia varied substantially (from 3.2% to 33.7%) depending on the adjustment criteria used. Without correction factors, the highest proportion of anemia was observed in the lowest altitude range. However, this result was no longer observed when the adjustment factors were used. For ranges above 3,000 m, moderate anemia occurred with a higher prevalence when using two different correction factors but not others or without adjustment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings reveal substantial changes in anemia prevalence among Peruvian children under 5 years of age depending on the adjustment factors for hemoglobin used. More research is needed to properly diagnose anemia in children at high elevations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"374-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ignoble Gas: The Questionable Role of Xenon in Rapid Ascents of Mount Everest.","authors":"Giorgio Manferdelli, Marc M Berger, Andrew M Luks","doi":"10.1177/15578682251377419","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15578682251377419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manferdelli, Giorgio, Marc M. Berger, and Andrew M. Luks. Ignoble gas: The questionable role of xenon in rapid ascents of Mount Everest. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:339-346, 2025.-Beyond the logistical, technical, and physiological challenges associated with climbing extremely high mountains such as Mount Everest, an important feature of such expeditions is their long duration. Among the strategies used in recent years to reduce expedition duration, one particularly novel approach was implemented during Everest expeditions in 2024 and 2025-inhalation of the noble gas xenon prior to the expeditions. Despite the tremendous attention this approach received in the media, significant questions remain as to whether it is truly effective at improving acclimatization and shortening the duration of expeditions. This review examines this issue in greater detail. After providing background information on xenon, the review examines potential rationales for xenon's use in the mountains, assesses the risks of xenon administration, and considers other aspects of the expedition protocol that likely affected the odds of summit success. Based on this analysis, there is no basis for widespread implementation of xenon inhalation at this time. Evidence of benefit is lacking, and there are strong reasons to believe other aspects of the expedition protocol contributed significantly to the expeditions' outcomes. Much further research on these questions is warranted before any more climbers should engage in this potentially risky practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"339-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Nocturnal Hypoxemia on Cognitive Performance in Andean Highlanders.","authors":"Elizabeth V Young, Matea A Djokic, Erica C Heinrich, Traci Marin, Cecilia Anza-Ramirez, Jeremy E Orr, Dillon Gilbertson, Pamela N DeYoung, Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo, Rómulo Figueroa-Mujica, Francisco C Villafuerte, Atul Malhotra, Tatum S Simonson","doi":"10.1089/ham.2024.0077","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2024.0077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young, Elizabeth V., Matea A. Djokic, Erica C. Heinrich, Traci Marin, Cecilia Anza-Ramirez, Jeremy E. Orr, Dillon Gilbertson, Pamela N. DeYoung, Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo, Rómulo Figueroa-Mujica, Francisco C. Villafuerte, Atul Malhotra, and Tatum S. Simonson. The effects of nocturnal hypoxemia on cognitive performance in andean highlanders. <i>High Alt Med Biol</i>. 26:347-354, 2025. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Many Andean highlanders exposed to chronic hypoxemia are susceptible to excessive erythrocytosis (EE) and chronic mountain sickness (CMS). Nocturnal hypoxemia is more marked than diurnal hypoxemia and includes sustained and intermittent components. The potential for cognitive impairments related to nocturnal hypoxemia in this population has not been extensively studied, but improved understanding may provide opportunities for the prevention of long-term effects of EE and CMS. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> To examine this relationship, 48 participants residing permanently at 4,340 m completed an overnight sleep study and a battery of cognitive function tests that examined a broad range of cognitive domains. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Greater nocturnal hypoxemia was associated with longer reaction times on Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and Emotion Recognition Test (ERT) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Longer completion times of Trail Making Task were also associated with increased nocturnal hypoxemia (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Increased hematocrit was similarly associated with longer reaction times on the ERT (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and the BART (<i>p</i> = 0.01). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Overall, our results showed that increased nocturnal hypoxemia and higher hematocrit were associated with impairments in cognitive performance in individuals residing permanently at high altitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Moderate-Intensity Cyclic Normobaric Hypoxic Training on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors of Patients Recovered from COVID-19: The AEROBICOVID Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Javier Brazo-Sayavera, Alba Camacho-Cardenosa, Talita Morais Fernandes, Jamille Guedes Malta Argolo, Ana Paula Morais Fernandes, Carlos Arterio Sorgi, Elisângela Aparecida da Silva Lizzi, Átila Alexandre Trapé","doi":"10.1089/ham.2024.0125","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2024.0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Alba Camacho-Cardenosa, Talita Morais Fernandes, Jamille Guedes Malta Argolo, Ana Paula Morais Fernandes, Carlos Arterio Sorgi, Elisângela Aparecida da Silva Lizzi, and Átila Alexandre Trapé. Effects of moderate-intensity cyclic normobaric hypoxic training on cardiovascular disease risk factors of patients recovered from COVID-19: The AEROBICOVID randomized controlled trial. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:265-272, 2025. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim was to analyze the effects of a training program under hypoxic conditions compared with a control and normoxia training program on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients recovered from COVID-19. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 67 patients were randomly assigned to the control group, training and recovery with hypoxia (T_H:R_H), training in normoxia (T_N) and recovery with hypoxia (R_H), and T_N and recovery in normoxia (R_N). Anthropometric, body composition, respiratory, and cardiometabolic risk factors were analyzed before and after intervention. <b><i>Results:</i></b> All intervention groups had positive effects on various health outcomes in patients recovered from COVID-19. The reduction in waist, hip, and waist/hip ratio, glycaemia, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol indicates improvements in cardiovascular health. The increase in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second suggests improvements in respiratory health. In addition, the decrease in cardiovascular disease risk score indicates a reduction in overall cardiovascular disease risk. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The study provides evidence to support the clinical benefits of moderate-intensity intermittent hypoxic training as a part of the treatment of patients recovered from COVID-19. It may also provide evidence on the efficacy and safety of intermittent hypoxic training in different health conditions. The study was registered at the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (RBR-5d7hkv).</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"265-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}