High altitude medicine & biology最新文献

{"title":"<i>Letter:</i> The Italian Conquest of K2: Health-Related Aspects from the Newly Published Documents of Deputy Expedition Leader Ugo Angelino.","authors":"Paolo Sossai","doi":"10.1177/15578682251359375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15578682251359375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xenon Inhalation for Expeditions to High Altitude: A Position Statement from the International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme, UIAA) Medical Commission.","authors":"Matthias P Hilty, Urs Hefti, Pierre Bouzat, Hannes Gatterer, Lenka Horakova, Linda E Keyes, Justin Lawley, Benjamin D Levine, George Rodway, Daniel Trevena, Eduardo Vinhaes, Benoit Champigneulle","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2025.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hilty, Matthias P, Urs Hefti, Pierre Bouzat, Hannes Gatterer, Lenka Horakova, Linda E Keyes, Justin Lawley, Benjamin D Levine, George Rodway, Daniel Trevena, Eduardo Vinhaes, and Benoit Champigneulle. Xenon Inhalation for Expeditions to High Altitude: A Position Statement from the International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme, UIAA) Medical Commission. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 00:00-00, 2025. <b><i>Background and Methods:</i></b> Recently, xenon inhalation has been advertised for use as a pre-acclimatization method for high-altitude climbs, but this use is controversial and not without risks. The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (<i>Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme</i>, UIAA) Medical Commission convened a panel, including external experts, to develop a position statement on xenon inhalation as a pre-acclimatization method. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In this statement, we summarize the current state of research and discuss possible directions of future investigations. A pre-acclimatization strategy using xenon inhalation includes risks of respiratory depression, hypoxemia, systemic hypertension, and neurological impairment. The potential benefits of xenon inhalation, such as erythropoiesis, an increase in hemoglobin mass, or increased oxygen availability to the tissues, are not supported by the existing, current evidence. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The UIAA Medical Commission recommends against the use of xenon inhalation in preparation for or during expeditions to high altitude unless part of a controlled study with appropriately qualified medical support such as anesthesia personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Altitude Impacts on Gut Microbiota: Accelerated Aging and the Urgency for Targeted Health Interventions.","authors":"Zhexin Ni, Yongqiang Zhou, Mingyang Chang, Tiantian Xia, Wei Zhou, Yue Gao","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2025.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human gut microbiota is integral to the aging process, and its composition is notably influenced by the unique environmental pressures of high-altitude plateaus, characterized by hypobaric and hypoxic conditions. This study explores the correlation between physiological aging and gut microbiota among high-altitude plateau inhabitants, an essential aspect of health preservation in such regions. We conducted a metagenomic analysis of fecal samples from 105 individuals who migrated to high-altitude areas before the age of 20. Our results demonstrate that advancing age and prolonged high-altitude living significantly modify the gut microbiota, evidenced by reduced diversity and an elevated Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in older subjects. Notably, the abundance of the anti-aging bacterium <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (<i>A. muciniphila</i>) inversely correlates with age, showing a significant decline post the age of 25. A comparative analysis of 2,007 individuals from lower altitudes revealed a similar negative correlation between <i>A. muciniphila</i> and age, with a decline evident from age 38. These findings indicate that the high-altitude plateau environment may accelerate the decline of <i>A. muciniphi</i>la by 10 years, underscoring the need for targeted health strategies for high-altitude populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of Altitude Medicine Knowledge Among Mountaineers in the Italian Alps.","authors":"Remco R Berendsen, Dirk C A A de Vries, Alea Steger, Nadine Herold, Feico J J Halbertsma, Adriaan F Norbart, Hannes Gatterer, Bengt Kayser","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2025.0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Berendsen, Remco R., Dirk C A.A. de Vries, Alea Steger, Nadine Herold, Feico J.J. Halbertsma, Adriaan F. Norbart, Hannes Gatterer, and Bengt Kayser. Lack of altitude medicine knowledge among mountaineers in the Italian Alps. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 00:00-00, 2025. <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In 2022, expert consensus defined a set of minimum altitude medicine knowledge statements for laypersons traveling to high altitudes (STAK: strengthening altitude knowledge). We used these statements to assess knowledge among mountaineers in the Italian Alps. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Mountaineers in a hut (3,647 m) completed an online STAK-based questionnaire, also indicating their confidence after each answer. A score of ≥19/28 was used as a statistical threshold, exceeding chance alone. Logistic regression assessed the link between confidence and correctness; multivariate regression explored demographic, educational, and behavioral predictors of achieving an above-threshold score. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 576 participants, 412 (72%) were included in the final analysis and 115 (28%) scored ≥19. Among them, 59% of medical professionals, 36% of mountain guides, and 23% of general participants reached the threshold; the medical professionals scored significantly higher than the general participants (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Both being a mountain guide (odds ratios [OR]: 2.3, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.0-5.0, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and being a medical professional (OR: 4.5, 95% CI: 2.1-10.0, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were associated with higher scores. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Using STAK as a benchmark, we found a substantial lack of altitude medicine knowledge in mountaineers, even among guides and medical professionals. These findings suggest a potential for targeted educational interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Prior Respiratory Infection Increase the Risk of High-Altitude Pulmonary and Cerebral Edema? A Case Report.","authors":"Jon K Femling, Peter S Figueiredo, Aaron J Reilly, Jason D Williams, Trevor J Mayschak, Erik R Swenson, Steven D Landspurg, Beth A Beidleman","doi":"10.1089/ham.2025.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2025.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jon K. Femling, Peter S. Figueiredo, Aaron J. Reilly, Jason D. Williams, Trevor J. Mayschak, Erik R. Swenson, Steven D. Landspurg, and Beth A. Beidleman. Does prior respiratory infection increase the risk of high-altitude pulmonary and cerebral edema? A case report. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 00:00-00, 2025.-Inadequate time to acclimatize to the lower partial pressure of oxygen at high altitude (HA) can result in one or more forms of acute altitude illness: acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). AMS is common while HAPE and HACE are exceptionally rare, particularly below 4,000 m. Severe AMS can be debilitating while both HAPE and HACE are potentially deadly if untreated. Cases of HAPE at altitudes <4,000 m have been linked to a preceding, or concurrent, respiratory infection (RI), which may augment susceptibility. This case report details a timeline of continuous physiological monitoring, including heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation, during active ascent and 42-hour exposure to 3,600 m from an individual diagnosed with HAPE/HACE. The case occurred during a military research study providing a homogenous cohort (<i>n</i> = 37) to compare data. Nocturnal oxygen saturation was poor and deteriorated during the stay. The case reported the most severe AMS symptoms on surveys without vocalized complaints. The case presented the classical symptoms of HACE (ataxia and confusion) by the second morning at HA. An underlying RI was discovered that may have increased his susceptibility to HAPE, and subsequently to HACE, at relatively low altitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noncompressible Chest Wall in Critically Buried Avalanche Victims with Cardiac Arrest: A Case Series.","authors":"David Eidenbenz, Alexandre Kottmann, Ken Zafren, Pierre-Nicolas Carron, Roland Albrecht, Mathieu Pasquier","doi":"10.1089/ham.2024.0104","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2024.0104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>David Eidenbenz, Alexandre Kottmann, Ken Zafren, Pierre-Nicolas Carron, Roland Albrecht, and Mathieu Pasquier. Noncompressible chest wall in critically buried avalanche victims with cardiac arrest: a case series. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:129-133, 2025. <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In avalanche victims with cardiac arrest, a noncompressible chest wall or frozen body is a contraindication to initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The evidence sustaining this recommendation is low. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To describe the characteristics and prehospital management of critically buried avalanche victims declared dead on site, with and without noncompressible chest walls. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective study including all critically buried avalanche victims declared dead on site by physicians of a helicopter emergency medical service in Switzerland, from 2010 to 2019. The primary outcome was the proportion of victims with a noncompressible chest wall reported in medical records. Secondary outcomes included victims' characteristics and the relevance of the criterion, noncompressible chest wall, for management. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 53 included victims, 12 (23%) had noncompressible chest walls. Victims with noncompressible chest walls had significantly longer burial durations (median 1,125 vs. 45 minutes; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and lower core temperatures (median 14 vs. 32°C; <i>p</i> = 0.01). The criterion, noncompressible chest wall, assessed in six victims, was decisive for declaring death on site in four victims. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The presence of a noncompressible chest wall does not appear to be a sufficient criterion to allow to declare the death of critically buried avalanche victims. Further clinical information should be sought.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"129-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pushing Scuba to New Heights: Approach, Decompression, and Logistical Considerations for High-Altitude Diving.","authors":"Taylor L Yoder, Kreager A Taber, Laurens E Howle, Richard E Moon","doi":"10.1089/ham.2024.0108","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2024.0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yoder, Taylor L., Kreager A. Taber, Laurens E. Howle, and Richard E. Moon. Pushing scuba to new heights: approach, decompression, and logistical considerations for high-altitude diving. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:109-117, 2025.-There is interest among technical, expedition, commercial, and military divers in expanding diving operations to high altitude. However, altitude diving presents unique challenges including acclimatization, increased decompression sickness (DCS) risk, and logistical and equipment considerations. Divers must plan altitude acclimatization strategies conservatively to reduce risk of acute mountain sickness and dehydration before diving. Several methods of augmenting sea level diving tables to be used at altitude have been theorized and tested both in simulated dives and high-altitude expeditions. With proper acclimatization, augmentation of standard diving tables, equipment, and safety planning, diving at high altitude may be performed in many contexts safely while minimizing risk of DCS or injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia Causes Alterations in Acetylcholine-Mediated Signaling Through Varying Expression of Muscarinic Receptors in the Prefrontal Cortex and Cerebellum of Rats' Brain.","authors":"Narendra Kumar Sharma, Mansi Srivastava, Tikam Chand Dakal, Vipin Ranga, Pawan Kumar Maurya","doi":"10.1089/ham.2023.0146","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2023.0146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sharma, Narendra Kumar, Mansi Srivastava, Tikam Chand Dakal, Vipin Ranga, and Pawan Kumar Maurya. Acute hypobaric hypoxia causes alterations in acetylcholine-mediated signaling through varying expression of muscarinic receptors in the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of rats' brain. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:156-164, 2025. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Muscarinic receptor (CHRM) proteins are G-protein-associated acetylcholine receptors found in neuronal membranes. Five major subtypes, CHRM1-CHRM5, modulate acetylcholine in central nervous system signaling cascades. CHRM1, CHRM3, and CHRM5 are linked to Gαq/Gα11 proteins, whereas CHRM2 and CHRM4 are linked to Gαi/Gαo proteins. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Limited research has been conducted to explore the impact of HH on CHRM gene expressions. It is caused by low oxygen availability at high altitudes, which impairs neurotransmission, cognitive performance, and physiological functions. Previous studies have shown that exposure to hypoxia leads to a reduction in CHRM receptors, which in turn causes alteration in signal transduction, physiological responses, cognitive deficits, and mood alterations. <b><i>Method:</i></b> In the present study, we have used semiquantitative PCR to measure muscarinic receptor gene expression after 6, 12, and 24 hours of HH exposure at 25,000 feet using a decompression chamber in rat brain's PFC and cerebellum. <b><i>Result:</i></b> We have found that CHRM1-CHRM5 downregulated after acute exposure to hypoxia until 12 hours, and then, the expression level of these receptors increased to 24 hours when compared with 12 hours in PFC. All subtypes have shown a similar pattern in PFC regions under hypoxia exposure. On the other hand, these receptors have shown altered expression at different time points in the cerebellum. CHRM1 and CHRM4 acutely downregulated, CHRM2 and CHRM5 downregulated, while CHRM3 upregulated after hypoxia exposure. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our study, for the first time, has shown the altered expressions of muscarinic receptors under temporal hypoxia exposure. The altered expression pattern has shown an association with acclimatization and protection against necrosis due to hypoxia. This study may pave further investigations for understanding and addressing the cognitive, behavioral, and physiological impacts of hypoxia and therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"156-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling High Altitude-Induced Thromboembolic Disorders: Polycythemia or Complex Mechanisms?","authors":"Nikunj Kumar Kansara, Anurag Timothy, Rijesh Unnithan, Manas Chatterjee","doi":"10.1089/ham.2023.0121","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2023.0121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kansara, Nikunj Kumar, Anurag Timothy, Rijesh Unnithan, and Manas Chatterjee. Unraveling high altitude-induced thromboembolic disorders: polycythemia or complex mechanisms? <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:204-208, 2024. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Thromboembolic disorders (TEDs) occurring at high altitudes due to exposure to hypoxic environments pose a significant challenge for clinicians in high-altitude area. Hypobaric hypoxia often leads to acquired erythrocytosis, which is believed to increase the incidence of thrombosis. This study aims to examine the relationship between thromboembolic events and erythrocytosis. <b><i>Methodology:</i></b> A prospective study was conducted, including all the patients admitted to Siachen hospital for TEDs from January 01, 2022, to December 31, 2022. Data on height, duration of the stay, hemoglobin (Hb), and packed cell volume levels at the time of admission were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 35 cases were enrolled during the study period. The average age of the patients was 29.10 years (standard deviation: 6.06). The mean deployment height was 17,300 ft, with a range of 12,000 ft-21,600 ft. The average duration of stay was 73 days, ranging from 7 to 162 days. The mean Hb level was 18 g/dl (SD: 2.64), with a range of 12.4 g/dl-22.4 g/dl. Twenty-five cases of thrombotic events (71.4%) occurred with normal Hb levels (<17.5 mg/dl), compared with 10 cases (28.6%) with Hb levels >17.5 mg/dl. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Prolonged stays at high altitudes and exposure to hypobaric hypoxia are major stressors. The study suggests that it is not elevated Hb levels, but rather the body's lack of an appropriate physiological response, that contributes to the development of thromboembolic events.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"204-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Specific Difference in Health-Related Altitude-Effects and Their Prevention by Acetazolamide. Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Alina Häfliger, Aline Buergin, Laura C Mayer, Maamed Mademilov, Mona Lichtblau, Talantbek Sooronbaev, Silvia Ulrich, Konrad E Bloch, Michael Furian","doi":"10.1089/ham.2024.0011","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ham.2024.0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Häfliger, Alina, Aline Buergin, Laura C. Mayer, Maamed Mademilov, Mona Lichtblau, Talantbek Sooronbaev, Silvia Ulrich, Konrad E. Bloch, and Michael Furian. Sex-specific difference in health-related altitude-effects and their prevention by acetazolamide. Data from a randomized controlled trial. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 26:195-203, 2025. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Women are underrepresented in studies on acute mountain sickness (AMS), altitude-induced sleep-disordered breathing and preventive acetazolamide use. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We analyzed sex-specific altitude-effects in participants of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in healthy lowlanders >40 years. Participants took 375 mg/day acetazolamide or placebo starting 24 hours before ascent to and while staying 2 days at 3,100 m. Main outcomes of this analysis were sex-specific incidence of AMS (Lake Louise score ≥3), nocturnal pulse oximetry (SpO₂) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) at 3,100 m. <b><i>Results:</i></b> With placebo, 30 of 119 (25%) women and 4 of 51 (8%) men developed AMS (<i>p</i> = 0.009 between sexes) at 3,100 m. Among women assigned to placebo, SpO₂ (mean ± SE 84 ± 0%) and AHI (16.9 ± 1.3/h) in night 1 at 3,100 m were lower compared to men (SpO₂ 86 ± 0%; AHI 28.3 ± 1.9/h), despite similar baseline values at 760 m. Mean between-sex difference in altitude-effects (women-men) in SpO₂ was -1.4% (95% CI, -2.4 to -0.3%); AHI -10.7/h (95% CI, -15.7 to -5.7/h). The impact of acetazolamide on AMS was not significant for either sex but acetazolamide improved AHI in men (difference men-women, -9.8/h [95% CI, -16.8 to -2.7/h]). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study suggests sex-specific differences in altitude-induced hypoxemia, periodic breathing, AMS incidence, and in the response to preventive acetazolamide treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":"195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}