Hindustan antibiotics bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Effect of picroliv administration on hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidases and glutathione-conjugating enzyme system in cholestatic rats.","authors":"J N Dhuley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of Picroliv on hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidases (MFO) and glutathione conjugating enzyme system in cholestatic rats was studied. Bile duct ligation in male rats for one weeks caused significant increase in both serum sorbitol dehydrogenase activity and serum bile acide concentration indicating cholestatic liver injury. Furthermore, a rise in the hepatic hydroxyproline level indicating collagen accumulation was observed. As a result of these alterations, the hepatic microsomal MFO system was imparied as evidenced by a decrease in cytochrome P-450 system content and in the activities of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase and aminopyrine demethylase. While the hepatic glutathione content remained unaffected, the cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity was clearly suppressed due to subchronic cholestasis. Oral administration of Picroliv (25 mg/kg/day for 21 days)--a standardized irioid glycoside fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa in bile ligation induced cholestatic rats, singnificantly prevented the biochemical changes induced in liver and serum of cholestatic rats. These results suggested that picroliv has anti-cholestatic activity which may be attributed to antioxidant property or it's specific role in protein synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"47-48 1-4","pages":"13-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27592151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of lipases by four anoxygenic purple non-sulphur phototrophic bacteria.","authors":"Srinivas Munjam,&nbsp;S Girisham,&nbsp;S M Reddy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Production of lipases by Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodocyclus gelatinosus and Rhodocyclus tenuis in different synthetic media was investigated. Rc. gelatinosus followed by Rb. sphaeroides were good producers of lipases, while Rps. palustris and Rc. tenuis were poor in lipase secretion. Lipase secretion by Rc. gelatinosus was adaptive in nature, while other three bacterial behavior was inconsistent. No positive correlation could be observed between growth and lipase production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"47-48 1-4","pages":"32-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27592155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of a new antibacterial antibiotic from a mutated strain of Streptomyces kanamyceticus M27 in submerged fermentation.","authors":"Bikram Mukherji,&nbsp;Parimal Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Lalitagauri Ray","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new antibacterial antibiotic was produced (136.5 microg/ml) using a 5 L EYELA Fermenter using 2 L fermentation medium at temperature: 27 degrees C, pH: 7.2, agitator speed: 200 rpm, aeration rate 1 vvm having KLa 251.74 hr(-1) at 96 hrs. The optimised conditions for antibiotic using washed cells of the selected strain are pH: 7.2, temperature: 27 degrees C, age of the biomass: 72 hr, amount of washed cell: 4 g in 50 ml normal saline, incubation time 72 hr. The antibacterial activity of the fermented broth was also examined against some bacterial species and it was found that it is active against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"47-48 1-4","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27592149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of antibacterial activity of polyenzyme preparations Gumseb using in vitro methods.","authors":"Antita Joshi,&nbsp;Varsha Shahane,&nbsp;Varsha Gore,&nbsp;Anju Kagal,&nbsp;Shilpa Risbud,&nbsp;Renu Bharadwaj","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel polyenzyme formulation Gumseb developed by Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd, Thane and Speciality Biochemicals Co., USA, was tested for antibacterial properties using ATCC strains and clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae. A modified antibiotic susceptibility test was used for the purpose. S. aureus, S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae were found to be sensitive to the formulation at the chosen concentration. Next, to study the interaction between Gumseb and currently used antibiotic, a checkerboard Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) was carried out for each organism. The assay was carried out with the aim of establishing whether the polyenzyme formulation had any potentiating effect on the antibiotic of choice. Synergistic effect was established when Gumseb was used in conjunction with penicillin against S. pyogenes. Partial synergy was established when it was used in conduction with Ceftazidime against P. aeruginosa and with Ciprofloxacin against methicillin sensitive, coagulase positive S. aureus. Antagonism was established when it was used in conjunction with Ampicillin against E. coli, with Ciprofloxacin against S. typhi and coagulase negative staphylococcal strain. The results indicate that Gumseb can be used in conjunction with those antibiotics with which a synergistic or a partially synergistic effect could be shown, as in the case of P. aerugionosa and S. aureus. These findings have particular importance since these organisms are responsible for hospital based infections and are notorious for antibiotic resistance. In cases where antagonism was established, it should not be used in combination with that particular antibiotic. However, it can be used individually since it has proved to have antibacterial activity and MIC could be determined for all five commonly encountered pathogens. Therefore, it has the potential of being a novel broad range antibacterial drug. These findings are significant given the alarming rise in incidence of antibiotic resistance in most clinically important pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"47-48 1-4","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27592150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of a new bioactive actinomycete AUB N5/8 from marine sediments.","authors":"P Ellaiah,&nbsp;G Adinarayana,&nbsp;J Prem Kumar,&nbsp;V Saisha,&nbsp;P Vasu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Actinomycetes were isolated from marine sediments off Machilipatnam coast of Andhra Paradesh by plating on Starch-Casein Agar medium. From which one isolate AUB N5/8 was selected for detailed morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical studies. The genera encountered were, Streptomycetes. Studies were compared with known strain S. baarinenisis (ISP 5232). It showed enough significant difference to create the status of a separate species for our isolate AUB N5/8. Hence it was designated as Streptomyces kavutarensis Sp.nov.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"45-46 1-4","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25683623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of Boerhavia diffusa against some dermatophytic species of Microsporum.","authors":"Anurag Agrawal,&nbsp;Shalini Srivastava,&nbsp;M M Srivastava","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various extracts petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol) of aerial and root parts of Boerhavia diffusa was sereened for Antitungal activity (Inhibition in sporulation) against dermatophytic fungi Microsporum gypseum, M. fulvum and M. canis by using broth dilution method. Extracts of aerial part not show any noticeable antifungal activity. Ethyl acetate extract of root part of the plant was found to be most effective of against target fungal species. The maximum inhibition of mycelial growth was observed for M. gypseum (78.83%) followed by M. fulvum (62.33%) and M. canis (42.30%) of ethyl acetate in the test concentration of 1000 microg/ml 24 hours of incubation. The sporulation of target fungal species decreases with increasing supplementation of phytoextract, confirms the presence of some antifungal phytochemical moiety in roots of the plant.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"45-46 1-4","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25683620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of actinomycetes isolated from soil samples of Ajmer, Rajasthan for antimicrobial activity.","authors":"M Parvateesam,&nbsp;Bhagwan Das Bulchandani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several strains of actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples collected from various localities ofAjmer district. These isolates were tested for their antagonistic proerties against few test organisms viz. Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. Some of these actinomycete strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against bacteria, no antifungal activity was observed. Six such isolates were selected for detailed morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical studies for identification. Five of these were identified as members beloging to the genus Streptomyces and the remaining one belonging to the genus Actinoplanes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"45-46 1-4","pages":"22-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25683004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of industrially important enzymes by some actinomycetes producing antifungal compounds.","authors":"Praveen Kumar Jain,&nbsp;Richa Jain,&nbsp;P C Jain","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seventeen strains of actinomycetes antagonistic to yeast and moulds have been tested for their ability to produce amylase, lipase, gelatinase and caseinase using solid media containing starch, Tween-20, gelatin and skimmed milk, respectively, Enzyme producing potential of test strains is expressed in ternis of relative enzyme activity (REA). Actinomycetes strain Streptomyces somaliensis GS 1242 and Streptomyces sampsonii GS 1322 showed higher amylase production (REA 6.5) while maximum lipase activity was noted in Streptomyces strain SAP 1089 (REA 7.0). Gelatinase activity was noted higher is S. sampsonii GS 1322 (REA 9.6) and S. somaliensis GS 1242 (REA 8.8). Enzyme producing potential of these strains has been discussed in terms of their industrial significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"45-46 1-4","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25683624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of some actinomycetes isolated from various habitats.","authors":"P K Jain,&nbsp;P C Jain","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 287 actinomycetes were isolated from 79 samples collected from five different habitats i.e., cultivated field soil (CFS), garden soil (GS), compost (CM), decaying organic matter (DOM) and stored agricultural products (SAP) of different localities of Sagar, Madhya Pradesh (23 degrees 50 degrees N latitude and 78 degrees 40 degrees E longitude). These were screened for antagonistic activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Microsporum gypseun and Trichophyton sp. using 'Cross streak method'. Out of these, a total of 166 isolates were found antagonistic to Candida albicans, while 164, 134 and 132 actinomycetes showed antagonistic properties against A. niger, M. gypseum and Trichophyton sp., repectively. A total of 17 isolates showed very strong anticandidal activity causing total inhibition in the growth of C. albicans and hence, distribution of isolated test actinomycetes in different habitats and the cultural and antagonistic properties of selected 17 promising strains are reported here.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"45-46 1-4","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25683621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain improvement studies on production of cephalosporin C from Acremonium chrysogenum ATCC 48272.","authors":"P Ellaiah,&nbsp;J Prem Kumar,&nbsp;V Saisha,&nbsp;J J Sumitra,&nbsp;P Vaishali","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strain development for antibiotic production has been an essential prerequistie for efficient production process. Studies were carried out to produce high antibiotic yield strain by using UV and N-methyl-N1-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) as mutagens. A superior mutant (PNTG-22) with a productivity of 2.4 time (810-1995 microg/ml higher than, the parent strain was produced.</p>","PeriodicalId":12923,"journal":{"name":"Hindustan antibiotics bulletin","volume":"45-46 1-4","pages":"11-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25683622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}