Handbook of clinical neurology最新文献_第8页

Prevention and rehabilitation of facial palsy in patients with vestibular schwannomas. 前庭神经鞘瘤患者面瘫的预防与康复。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00039-1

Simon R M Freeman, Ruben Kannan, Charles Nduka

{"title":"Prevention and rehabilitation of facial palsy in patients with vestibular schwannomas.","authors":"Simon R M Freeman, Ruben Kannan, Charles Nduka","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00039-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00039-1","url":null,"abstract":"The close anatomic position of the facial nerve in proximity to a vestibular schwannoma leads to an inherent risk of damage when managing this tumor. The nerve is particularly at risk from microsurgical tumor resection. A clearly transected nerve can be repaired intraoperatively, with either a direct anastomosis or an interposition graft. An electrically silent but anatomically intact nerve is usually managed conservatively. After surgery, the severity of facial palsy and the time to recovery are both determined by the severity of pathophysiology. Patients can be broadly categorized into three groups: those who recover quickly (within 3 months) and completely, those who recover slowly (3-12months) and only partially with synkinesis, and those with minimal or no recovery. Any patient with facial palsy acutely requires eye care, but otherwise, a conservative approach is taken to await any recovery. Patients who recover early require no further intervention, but those with later recovery, who will inevitably develop synkinesis, should be managed by a multidisciplinary team with access to physical therapy, chemodenervation, and surgical selective neurectomy as appropriate. Patients with minimal or no recovery can be considered for reanimation procedures using nerve transfers from either the hypoglossal or masseteric nerves with the potential addition of a cross-facial graft for improved spontaneous movement. Patients with untreated compete facial palsy of 24 months or longer duration should be offered either static procedures or dynamic muscle transfers. Oculoplastic procedures may be required for any patient who lacks complete eye closure in the longer term.","PeriodicalId":12907,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"212 ","pages":"395-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Middle fossa approach to vestibular schwannomas. 前庭神经鞘瘤的中窝入路。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00037-8

Jay A Gantz, Bruce J Gantz

引用次数: 0

Surveillance management of vestibular schwannoma: Present and future strategies. 前庭神经鞘瘤的监测管理：现在和未来的策略。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00035-4

Jonathan Shapey, Robert Bradford, Shakeel R Saeed

引用次数: 0

Vestibular schwannoma microsurgical technique. 前庭神经鞘瘤显微外科技术。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00002-0

Scott A Rutherford, Paul D Smith

{"title":"Vestibular schwannoma microsurgical technique.","authors":"Scott A Rutherford, Paul D Smith","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00002-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824534-7.00002-0","url":null,"abstract":"Vestibular schwannoma surgery demands much of the surgeon, both in preparation and execution of a surgical plan. We review preoperative aspects, including decision-making and setting up the necessary equipment and surgical environment. The ergonomics of microsurgery and strategies to deal with the surgical burden are reviewed. The steps in tumor resection are described in detail, with the authors' perspective on how each of these stages is best achieved. This incorporates techniques for effective tumor removal while identifying and preserving key structures. We expand upon methods to dissect blood vessels, cranial nerves, and the brainstem, with a focus on tips for facial nerve dissection. A variety of surgical challenges are dealt with, specifically their avoidance as well as how to deal with them should they arise. Scenarios that are covered are venous sinus injury, brain swelling, bleeding, and encountering unexpected pathology. Facial nerve issues discussed are severe tumor adherence, conduction block, and nerve division. Recognition that this is a highly variable pathology and equipping oneself with surgical techniques to deal with the range of challenges encountered are key to mastering this surgery.","PeriodicalId":12907,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"212 ","pages":"197-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Curing Coma Campaign: A platform for advancing science and clinical care worldwide. 治疗昏迷运动：促进全球科学和临床护理的平台。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-13408-1.00005-1

Stefanie Blain-Moraes, Aarti Sarwal, J Claude Hemphill

{"title":"The Curing Coma Campaign: A platform for advancing science and clinical care worldwide.","authors":"Stefanie Blain-Moraes, Aarti Sarwal, J Claude Hemphill","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-443-13408-1.00005-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/B978-0-443-13408-1.00005-1","url":null,"abstract":"Recovery from coma or impaired consciousness is often the central issue in acute neurologic conditions such as traumatic brain injury, hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, stroke, and central nervous system infections. Recent advances in the science underpinning acute disorders of consciousness (DoC) have also served to highlight further scientific gaps and the lack of a coordinated approach to improving care for these patients. The Curing Coma Campaign (CCC) was initiated by the Neurocritical Care Society in 2019 as a platform to bring together the scientific, clinical, and public communities to cohesively address this issue. Comprised of various modules and working groups focused on aspects including fundamental science, prospective clinical studies, ethics, care of the coma patient, and engagement and community, initial efforts of the CCC have ranged from developing strategies for biomarker development to creating World Coma Day as an opportunity for widespread interaction. To achieve the goal of relevance across different geographic and resourced environments, the CCC implemented specific considerations to ensure equity and generalizability. These include international representation of patients in research studies, attention to assessments and interventions that can be implemented in resource-limited settings, and recognition of the impact of culture on the care of DoC patients.","PeriodicalId":12907,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"207 ","pages":"265-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural changes to the basal forebrain cholinergic system in the continuum of Alzheimer disease. 阿尔茨海默病连续体中基底前脑胆碱能系统的结构变化。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-19088-9.00013-5

Miriam Taza, Taylor W Schmitz, R Nathan Spreng

引用次数: 0

Cholinergic therapy in Alzheimer disease. 胆碱能治疗阿尔茨海默病。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-19088-9.00015-9

Serge Gauthier, Joseph Therriault, Pedro Rosa-Neto

引用次数: 0

Hemispheric asymmetries in face recognition in health and dysfunction. 健康和功能障碍中面部识别的半球不对称。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00010-5

Marlene Behrmann

{"title":"Hemispheric asymmetries in face recognition in health and dysfunction.","authors":"Marlene Behrmann","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00010-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00010-5","url":null,"abstract":"A defining characteristic of the human brain is that, notwithstanding the clear anatomic similarities, the two cerebral hemispheres have several different functional superiorities. The focus of this chapter is on the hemispheric asymmetry associated with the function of face identity processing, a finely tuned and expert behavior for almost all humans that is acquired incidentally from birth and continues to be refined through early adulthood. The first section lays out the well-accepted doctrine that face perception is a product of the right hemisphere, a finding based on longstanding behavioral data from healthy adult human observers. Data are then presented from neuropsychologic studies conducted with individuals with prosopagnosia, which is either acquired after a lesion to the right hemisphere or is developmental in nature with no obvious lesion. The second section reviews data on the neural correlates of face perception, gathered using a host of imaging methodologies all the way from electroencephalography (EEG) through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies to transcranial magnetic stimulation and intracranial depth recording. The penultimate section reviews empirical findings that track the emergence of the hemispheric asymmetry for faces, and offers a theoretical proposal that lays out possible origins of the adult asymmetry profile. Lastly, the hemispheric asymmetry associated with the perception of emotional face expression is considered. While considerable progress has been made in understanding the functional organization of the human cerebral cortex and its biases and asymmetries, much remains to be determined and the many inconsistencies remain to be reconciled in future research.","PeriodicalId":12907,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"208 ","pages":"433-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronobiologic treatments for mood disorders. 情绪障碍的时间生物学治疗。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90918-1.00011-3

Sara Dallaspezia, Francesco Benedetti

引用次数: 0

Hemispheric asymmetry in neurodegenerative diseases. 神经退行性疾病的半球不对称。

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00009-9

Stefano F Cappa

{"title":"Hemispheric asymmetry in neurodegenerative diseases.","authors":"Stefano F Cappa","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00009-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00009-9","url":null,"abstract":"Hemispheric asymmetry in pathologic involvement is frequently observed in neurodegenerative disorders (NDD) and is responsible for differences in cognitive and motor clinical manifestations in individual patients. While asymmetry is modest in typical Alzheimer disease (AD), atypical AD presentations with prominent language impairment [logopenic/phonologic variant of primary progressive aphasia (L/Phv-PPA)] are associated with prevalent involvement of the language-dominant hemisphere. Similarly, in the frontotemporal dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS) spectrum, the semantic (Sv) and nonfluent/agrammatic (Nf/Av) variants of PPA are due to asymmetric pathology involving the language-dominant hemisphere. A reversed (typically right-sided) pattern of asymmetry is often found in conditions associated with prominent disorders of behavior and social cognition (i.e., behavioral variant of frontotemporal degeneration-Bv FTD). Asymmetry is generally modest and less consistent in NDD with prevalent motor manifestations, such as Parkinson disease (PD). Overall, the pattern of hemispheric involvement reflects the network-specific selectivity of NDD and is compatible with the spreading of pathology along connection pathways.","PeriodicalId":12907,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"208 ","pages":"101-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0