{"title":"Hemispheric asymmetries in face recognition in health and dysfunction.","authors":"Marlene Behrmann","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00010-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A defining characteristic of the human brain is that, notwithstanding the clear anatomic similarities, the two cerebral hemispheres have several different functional superiorities. The focus of this chapter is on the hemispheric asymmetry associated with the function of face identity processing, a finely tuned and expert behavior for almost all humans that is acquired incidentally from birth and continues to be refined through early adulthood. The first section lays out the well-accepted doctrine that face perception is a product of the right hemisphere, a finding based on longstanding behavioral data from healthy adult human observers. Data are then presented from neuropsychologic studies conducted with individuals with prosopagnosia, which is either acquired after a lesion to the right hemisphere or is developmental in nature with no obvious lesion. The second section reviews data on the neural correlates of face perception, gathered using a host of imaging methodologies all the way from electroencephalography (EEG) through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies to transcranial magnetic stimulation and intracranial depth recording. The penultimate section reviews empirical findings that track the emergence of the hemispheric asymmetry for faces, and offers a theoretical proposal that lays out possible origins of the adult asymmetry profile. Lastly, the hemispheric asymmetry associated with the perception of emotional face expression is considered. While considerable progress has been made in understanding the functional organization of the human cerebral cortex and its biases and asymmetries, much remains to be determined and the many inconsistencies remain to be reconciled in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12907,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"208 ","pages":"433-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Handbook of clinical neurology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15646-5.00010-5","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A defining characteristic of the human brain is that, notwithstanding the clear anatomic similarities, the two cerebral hemispheres have several different functional superiorities. The focus of this chapter is on the hemispheric asymmetry associated with the function of face identity processing, a finely tuned and expert behavior for almost all humans that is acquired incidentally from birth and continues to be refined through early adulthood. The first section lays out the well-accepted doctrine that face perception is a product of the right hemisphere, a finding based on longstanding behavioral data from healthy adult human observers. Data are then presented from neuropsychologic studies conducted with individuals with prosopagnosia, which is either acquired after a lesion to the right hemisphere or is developmental in nature with no obvious lesion. The second section reviews data on the neural correlates of face perception, gathered using a host of imaging methodologies all the way from electroencephalography (EEG) through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies to transcranial magnetic stimulation and intracranial depth recording. The penultimate section reviews empirical findings that track the emergence of the hemispheric asymmetry for faces, and offers a theoretical proposal that lays out possible origins of the adult asymmetry profile. Lastly, the hemispheric asymmetry associated with the perception of emotional face expression is considered. While considerable progress has been made in understanding the functional organization of the human cerebral cortex and its biases and asymmetries, much remains to be determined and the many inconsistencies remain to be reconciled in future research.
期刊介绍：
The Handbook of Clinical Neurology (HCN) was originally conceived and edited by Pierre Vinken and George Bruyn as a prestigious, multivolume reference work that would cover all the disorders encountered by clinicians and researchers engaged in neurology and allied fields. The first series of the Handbook (Volumes 1-44) was published between 1968 and 1982 and was followed by a second series (Volumes 45-78), guided by the same editors, which concluded in 2002. By that time, the Handbook had come to represent one of the largest scientific works ever published. In 2002, Professors Michael J. Aminoff, François Boller, and Dick F. Swaab took on the responsibility of supervising the third (current) series, the first volumes of which published in 2003. They have designed this series to encompass both clinical neurology and also the basic and clinical neurosciences that are its underpinning. Given the enormity and complexity of the accumulating literature, it is almost impossible to keep abreast of developments in the field, thus providing the raison d''être for the series. The series will thus appeal to clinicians and investigators alike, providing to each an added dimension. Now, more than 140 volumes after it began, the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series has an unparalleled reputation for providing the latest information on fundamental research on the operation of the nervous system in health and disease, comprehensive clinical information on neurological and related disorders, and up-to-date treatment protocols.
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