Gut Pathogens最新文献

{"title":"Genetic evolution and phylogenetic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains circulating in and outside China with reference to a wild type virulent genotype CHYJ130330 reported from Guangdong Province, China","authors":"Mudassar Mohiuddin, Shengchao Deng, Lisai Zhu, Guiping Wang, Aiqing Jia","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00597-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00597-w","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus has detrimental consequences on swine industry, due to severe outbreaks especially in the suckling piglets. In March 2013, an outbreak was reported on a commercial swine farm in Guangdong Province, Southern China. A wild-type PEDV strain named as CHYJ130330 was identified, complete genome was sequenced and deposited in GenBank (accession no. KJ020932). The molecular epidemiological including evolutionary characteristics and pathogenicity assessment were explored during this study with particular interest and focus to develop this candidate strain for new vaccine. The isolates from China pre- and post-2013 shared 96.5–97.2% and 97–99% nt identity respectively with wild-type CHYJ130330 strain which during experimental studies has demonstrated high virulence and 100% mortality in 104 TCID50 group piglets within 5 days. The 22 reference strains selected from other parts of the world shared 98–99% identity with our sequence except Chinese (CV777) and S. Korean (vir.DR13, SM98 and atten.DR13) strains sharing 96.8, 97.6, 96.6 and 97.1% identity respectively. The phylogenetic tree revealed most strains reported after 2013 in GII genogroup while the prototype (CV777), S.korean and earlier Chinese (JS2008, 85-7mutant, Atten.vaccine, SD-M, LZC and CH/S) were GI Group. The amino acid sequence of CHYJ130330 E and M protein is highly conserved while ORF3 and N protein having 9 and 17 amino acid substitutions respectively in comparison to CV777 strain. The comparison of full length genome and the structural proteins revealed variations signifying that PEDV variant strains are still the main source of outbreaks in spite of continuous vaccination and also explain the variable trend of large scale outbreaks during this decade as compared to sporadic tendency of disease found before 2010. It is evident from this study that Chinese strains display significant level of mixing with the strains reported from other countries. The strain CHYJ130330 was also adapted successfully to Vero cell line and has shown high virulence in piglets. The information/findings will be helpful to develop a strategy for control of PEDV and have also shown that CHYJ130330 strain has strong virulence and is a more popular clinical strain in recent years, which has the potential to be developed into PEDV vaccine.","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: Aberrant fecal microbiota composition of an infant diagnosed with prolonged intestinal botulism","authors":"François P. Douillard, Yağmur Derman, Ching Jian, Katri Korpela, Harri Saxén, Anne Salonen, Willem M. de Vos, Hannu Korkeala, Miia Lindström","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00614-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00614-y","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal botulism is primarily reported in small babies as a condition known as infant botulism. The condition results from the ingestion of environmental or foodborne spores of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) producing Clostridia, usually Clostridium botulinum, and subsequent spore germination into active botulinum neurotoxinogenic cultures in the gut. It is generally considered that small babies are susceptible to C. botulinum colonization because of their immature gut microbiota. Yet, it is poorly understood which host factors contribute to the clinical outcome of intestinal botulism. We previously reported a case of infant botulism where the infant recovered clinically in six weeks but continued to secrete C. botulinum cells and/or BoNT in the feces for seven months. To further understand the microbial ecology behind this exceptionally long-lasting botulinum neurotoxinogenic colonization, we characterized the infant fecal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing over the course of disease and recovery. C. botulinum could be detected in the infant fecal samples at low levels through the acute phase of the disease and three months after recovery. Overall, we observed a temporal delay in the maturation of the infant fecal microbiota associated with a persistently high-level bifidobacterial population and a low level of Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae compared to healthy infants over time. This study brings novel insights into the infant fecal composition associated with intestinal botulism and provides a basis for a more systematic analysis of the gut microbiota of infants diagnosed with botulism. A better understanding of the gut microbial ecology associated with infant botulism may support the development of prophylactic strategies against this life-threatening disease in small babies.","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of plant extracts on viability of ST3 and ST7 subtypes of Blastocystis sp.","authors":"Karolina Kot, Adam Michaliszyn, Elżbieta Kalisińska, Małgorzata Lepczyńska","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00613-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00613-z","url":null,"abstract":"Blastocystis sp. is one of the most frequently detected protozoa during stool specimen examination. In the last decade, the studies about the pathogenic potential of Blastocystis sp. have intensified. Additionally, treatment approaches against this parasite are still disputable. The study aimed to investigate the in vitro activity of the substances of natural origin against two subtypes (ST) of Blastocystis sp.—ST3 and ST7. Garlic and turmeric extracts exhibited the highest inhibitory effect in relation to the ST3 viability. While horseradish and turmeric were found to be the most effective extracts to the ST7 viability. The study showed that ginger, garlic, horseradish, and turmeric extracts have potent antimicrobial activity against Blastocystis ST3 and ST7, with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 3.8 to 4.8 µg/ml and from 3.3 to 72.0 µg/ml, respectively, and thus may be useful in the prevention and control of Blastocystis infections. Additionally, this research confirmed that Blastocystis ST7 is more resistant to the selected plant extracts treatment than Blastocystis ST3 which in consequence may bring some difficulties in its eradication.","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"208 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio is a new diagnostic marker for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a prospective multicenter study.","authors":"Nasser Mousa, Mohamed Salah, Sherif Elbaz, Alaa Elmetwalli, Amr Elhammady, Eman Abdelkader, Mostafa Abdelsalam, Niveen El-Wakeel, Marwa Mansour, Manal Hashem, Ola El-Emam, Wesam Elderiny, Mohammed Abdelaziz, Ayman Elgamal, Alaa Habib","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00610-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-024-00610-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a novel measure of systemic inflammation and infection. Low albumin levels increase the risk of infection, while high neutrophil counts indicate the presence of infection. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious infection in cirrhotic ascites, and the potential of NPAR in diagnosing SBP is not yet established.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to determine the diagnostic value of NPAR in identifying SBP.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>This prospective multicenter study included 465 patients diagnosed with cirrhotic ascites and SBP according to international guidelines. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. The sensitivity and specificity of NPAR values for diagnosing SBP were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For SBP diagnosis in the total cohort, NPAR of > 17 had a sensitivity of 85.71%, specificity of 66.67%, and 95% CI (42.1-99.6). In culture-positive SBP, the NPAR at a cut-off > 5.2 had a sensitivity of 85.71%, specificity of 83.33%, and 95% CI (0.709 to 0.979), while in culture-negative SBP, the NPAR at a cut-off > 2.1 had a sensitivity of 92.86%, specificity of 33.33% and CI (0.367 to 0.764). The multivariate analysis revealed that albumin (OR = 2.78, [1.11;3.98], INR (OR = 0.198, [0.066;0.596], creatinine (OR = 0.292, [0.1; 0.81], CRP (OR = 3.18, [1.239;4.52] total leukocytic count (TLC) (OR = 1.97, [1.878; 2.07], platelets (OR = 2.09, [0.99; 2.31] and neutrophil (OR = 3.43, [1.04;3.89] were significantly associated with higher prediction rates for culture positive SBP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NPAR could be a new, affordable, noninvasive test for diagnosing SBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"16 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10985869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of carbapenem resistance and clonal expansion of blaNDM gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in an Iranian referral pediatric hospital","authors":"Babak Pourakbari, Setareh Mamishi, Shiva Poormohammadi, Reihaneh Hosseinpour Sadeghi, Shima Mahmoudi","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00611-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00611-1","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing global concern regarding antibiotic resistance necessitates in-depth studies to comprehend the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of resistant bacterial strains. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profiles, and molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates in an Iranian referral pediatrics hospital. Methods: In this study, we examined CRKP isolates collected from hospitalized pediatric patients across various wards. The isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for carbapenemase genes (blaNDM, blaVIM and blaIMP), and genetic relatedness assessment using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Among 166 K. pneumoniae isolates, 54 (32.5%) exhibited resistance to carbapenems. Notably, all these resistant isolates were resistant to imipenem, with 35 (65%) displaying resistance to both imipenem and meropenem. Of the 54 CRKP isolates, 24 (44%) were metallo-β-lactamases (MBL)-producing. The prevalence of the blaNDM gene among CKCP and MBL-producing isolates was 20% (n = 11) and 44% (n = 24), respectively. The blaVIM and blaIMP genes were not detected in any of the isolates. Twenty-six CRKP isolates (48%) were recovered from ICUs. PFGE analysis of CRKP isolates revealed 20 clusters, with cluster S being the most prevalent, comprising 24% of the total (n = 13). Our study reveals a concerning prevalence of carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates. Specifically, the detection of the blaNDM gene in 20% of CRKP isolates, with a significant proportion (82%) observed in isolated CRKP from the ICUs and emergency departments, underscores the potential clonal expansion of these resistant strains within these critical hospital wards.","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140315239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constituents of stable commensal microbiota imply diverse colonic epithelial cell reactivity in patients with ulcerative colitis.","authors":"Ruta Inciuraite, Rolandas Gedgaudas, Rokas Lukosevicius, Deimante Tilinde, Rima Ramonaite, Alexander Link, Neringa Kasetiene, Mindaugas Malakauskas, Gediminas Kiudelis, Laimas Virginijus Jonaitis, Juozas Kupcinskas, Simonas Juzenas, Jurgita Skieceviciene","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00612-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-024-00612-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite extensive research on microbiome alterations in ulcerative colitis (UC), the role of the constituent stable microbiota remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study, employing 16S rRNA-gene sequencing, uncovers a persistent microbial imbalance in both active and quiescent UC patients compared to healthy controls. Using co-occurrence and differential abundance analysis, the study highlights microbial constituents, featuring Phocaeicola, Collinsella, Roseburia, Holdemanella, and Bacteroides, that are not affected during the course of UC. Co-cultivation experiments, utilizing commensal Escherichia coli and Phocaeicola vulgatus, were conducted with intestinal epithelial organoids derived from active UC patients and controls. These experiments reveal a tendency for a differential response in tight junction formation and maintenance in colonic epithelial cells, without inducing pathogen recognition and stress responses, offering further insights into the roles of these microorganisms in UC pathogenesis. These experiments also uncover high variation in patients' response to the same bacteria, which indicate the need for more comprehensive, stratified analyses with an expanded sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals that a substantial part of the gut microbiota remains stable throughout progression of UC. Functional experiments suggest that members of core microbiota - Escherichia coli and Phocaeicola vulgatus - potentially differentially regulate the expression of tight junction gene in the colonic epithelium of UC patients and healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"16 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10960424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140193660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: 16 S rRNA sequencing analysis of the oral and fecal microbiota in colorectal cancer positives versus colorectal cancer negatives in Iranian population","authors":"Sama Rezasoltani, Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Seyedesomayeh Jasemi, Leonardo Antonio Sechi, Maria Gazouli, Amir Sadeghi, Shirin Torkashvand, Reyhaneh Baniali, Hartmut Schlüter, Mohammad Reza Zali, Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00607-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00607-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Correction to: Rezasoltani et al. Gut Pathogens 2024 Feb 20;16(1):9&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00604-0&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Following publication of the original article [1], it was pointed out that the affiliation details for all authors were incorrectly processed in the authorship line and published incorrectly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; The original article has been updated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; The affiliation information was mistakenly published as: Sama Rezasoltani&lt;sup&gt;1,7,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha&lt;sup&gt;2,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei&lt;sup&gt;2,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Seyedesomayeh Jasemi&lt;sup&gt;3,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Leonardo Antonio Sechi&lt;sup&gt;3,7,9*&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Gazouli&lt;sup&gt;4,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Amir Sadeghi&lt;sup&gt;5,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Shirin Torkashvand&lt;sup&gt;2,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Reyhaneh Baniali&lt;sup&gt;2,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Hartmut Schlüter&lt;sup&gt;1,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Reza Zali&lt;sup&gt;5,7&lt;/sup&gt; and Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi&lt;sup&gt;3,6,7 *&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; The affiliation information should read as: Sama Rezasoltani&lt;sup&gt;1, 2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Seyedesomayeh Jasemi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Leonardo Antonio Sechi&lt;sup&gt;4,5*&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Gazouli&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Amir Sadeghi&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Shirin Torkashvand&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Reyhaneh Baniali&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hartmut Schlüter&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Reza Zali&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi &lt;sup&gt;8,9*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Authors and Affiliations&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246, Hamburg, Germany&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sama Rezasoltani &amp; Hartmut Schlüter&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057, Aachen, Germany&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sama Rezasoltani&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19835-178, Iran&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Shirin Torkashvand &amp; Reyhaneh Baniali&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, Sassari, 07100, Italy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seyedesomayeh Jasemi &amp; Leonardo Antonio Sechi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Struttura Complessa Microbiologia e Virologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Sassari, 07100, Italy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leonardo Antonio Sechi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maria Gazouli&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19835-178, Iran&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Amir Sadeghi &amp; Mohammad Reza Zali&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19835-178, Iran&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary markers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and dysbiosis in paediatric tuberculous meningitis cases undergoing treatment.","authors":"Simon Isaiah, Du Toit Loots, A Marceline Tutu van Furth, Elmarie Davoren, Sabine van Elsland, Regan Solomons, Martijn van der Kuip, Shayne Mason","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00609-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-024-00609-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) involves infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the meninges and brain. However, recent studies have shown that the immune response and inflammatory processes triggered by TBM can have significant effects on gut microbiota. Disruptions in the gut microbiome have been linked to various systemic consequences, including altered immunity and metabolic dysregulation. Inflammation caused by TBM, antibiotic treatment, and changes in host immunity can all influence the composition of gut microbes. This complex relationship between TBM and the gut microbiome is of great importance in clinical settings. To gain a deeper understanding of the intricate interactions between TBM and the gut microbiome, we report innovative insights into the development of the disease in response to treatment. Ultimately, this could lead to improved outcomes, management strategies and quality of life for individuals affected by TBM.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach to investigate metabolites associated with gut metabolism in paediatric participants by analysing the urine samples collected from a control group (n = 40), and an experimental group (n = 35) with confirmed TBM, which were subdivided into TBM stage 1 (n = 8), stage 2 (n = 11) and stage 3 (n = 16).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Our metabolomics investigation showed that, of the 78 initially selected compounds of microbiome origin, eight unique urinary metabolites were identified: 2-methylbutyrlglycine, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, 3-methylcrotonylglycine, 4-hydroxyhippuric acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-hydroxyhexanoic acid, isobutyrylglycine, and phenylacetylglutamine as urinary markers of dysbiosis in TBM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results - which are supported by previous urinary studies of tuberculosis - highlight the importance of gut metabolism and of identifying corresponding microbial metabolites as novel points for the foundation of improved management of TBM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"16 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140109765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case–control study of the association between the gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: exploring the roles of diet, stress, and race","authors":"Tiffany L. Carson, Doratha A. Byrd, Kristen S. Smith, Daniel Carter, Maria Gomez, Michael Abaskaron, Rebecca B. Little, Sh’Nese Townsend Holmes, William J. van Der Pol, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, Casey D. Morrow, Andrew D. Fruge","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00608-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00608-w","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota is associated with risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), a chronic disease for which racial disparities persist with Black Americans having a higher risk of CRC incidence and mortality compared to other groups. Given documented racial differences, the gut microbiota may offer some insight into previously unexplained racial disparities in CRC incidence and mortality. A case–control analysis comparing 11 women newly diagnosed with CRC with 22 cancer-free women matched on age, BMI, and race in a 1:2 ratio was conducted. Information about participants’ diet and perceived stress levels were obtained via 24-h Dietary Recall and Perceived Stress Scale-10 survey, respectively. Participants provided stool samples from which microbial genomic DNA was extracted to reveal the abundance of 26 genera chosen a priori based on their previously observed relevance to CRC, anxiety symptoms, and diet. Significantly lower alpha diversity was observed among cancer-free Black women compared to all other race-cancer status combinations. No group differences were observed when comparing beta diversity. Non-Hispanic White CRC cases tended to have higher relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Gemellaceae, and Peptostreptococcus compared to all other race-cancer combination groups. Perceived stress was inversely associated with alpha diversity and was associated with additional genera. Our findings suggest that microbiome-CRC associations may differ by racial group. Additional large, racially diverse population-based studies are needed to determine if previously identified associations between characteristics of the gut microbiome and CRC are generalizable to Black women and other racial, ethnic, and gender groups.","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140099695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of enterotype and its predictive value for patients with colorectal cancer","authors":"Li Qingbo, Zhuang Jing, Qu Zhanbo, Chu Jian, Song Yifei, Wu Yinhang, Han Shuwen","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00606-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00606-y","url":null,"abstract":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The characteristics of enterotypes in CRC development have not been determined. To characterize the gut microbiota of healthy, adenoma, and CRC subjects based on enterotype. The 16 S rRNA sequencing data from 315 newly sequenced individuals and three previously published datasets were collected, providing total data for 367 healthy, 320 adenomas, and 415 CRC subjects. Enterotypes were analyzed for all samples, and differences in microbiota composition across subjects with different disease states in each enterotype were determined. The predictive values of a random forest classifier based on enterotype in distinguishing healthy, adenoma, and CRC subjects were evaluated and validated. Subjects were classified into one of three enterotypes, namely, Bacteroide- (BA_E), Blautia- (BL_E), and Streptococcus- (S_E) dominated clusters. The taxonomic profiles of these three enterotypes differed among the healthy, adenoma, and CRC cohorts. BA_E group was enriched with Bacteroides and Blautia; BL_E group was enriched by Blautia and Coprococcus; S_E was enriched by Streptococcus and Ruminococcus. Relative abundances of these genera varying among the three human cohorts. In training and validation sets, the S_E cluster showed better performance in distinguishing among CRC patients, adenoma patients, and healthy controls, as well as between CRC and non-CRC individuals, than the other two clusters. This study provides the first evidence to indicate that changes in the microbial composition of enterotypes are associated with disease status, thereby highlighting the diagnostic potential of enterotypes in the treatment of adenoma and CRC. Three enterotypes (BA_E, BL_E, and S_E) were identified in healthy, adenoma, and CRC subjects. BA_E, BL_E, and S_E clusters were dominated by Bacteroide, Blautia, and Streptococcus, respectively. Differences in gut microbial composition were observed within the control, adenoma, CRC populations for each enterotype. S_E showed better performance in distinguishing three human cohorts than BA_E and BL_E. Disease prediction performance of enterotypes is no better than that of a classification model based on all samples.","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139981686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}