Gut Pathogens最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Molecular characterization and risk analysis of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in corticosteroid-treated and non-treated patients in Ismailia, Arab Republic of Egypt.","authors":"Shahira Abdelaziz Ali Ahmed, Amira Bakr Mokhtar, Samar Farag Mohamed, Marwa Ibrahim Saad El-Din, Catherine O 'Dowd Phanis, Stefani Kazamia, Chad Schou, Paweł Gładysz, Anna Lass, Annalisa Quattrocchi, Panagiotis Karanis, Samer Eid Mohamed Gad","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00680-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00680-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular confirmation of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora species in children with acute diarrhoea in Quindio region, Colombia.","authors":"Jessica Triviño-Valencia, Alejandro Nati-Castillo, Nancy Yhomara Cabeza, Fabiana Lora-Suarez, Jorge Gómez-Marín","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00685-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00685-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are no reports with molecular confirmation of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora spp. in children consulting the emergency service due to diarrhoea in Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive study was performed on 137 children who visited the Hospital San Juan de Dios Emergency Service in Armenia between April 1 and 31, 2022. Questionnaires and sampling were performed to identify parasites in the faecal samples. Fresh preparations were prepared with 1% iodine, and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain was used to identify pathogenic intestinal protozoa (Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora spp.). PCR and sequencing of positive samples were performed to confirm infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in children was 19,7%, and that of Cyclospora spp. was 10,9%. 59,2% of the children with cryptosporidiosis and 66,6% of the children with cyclosporiasis were hospitalized. PCR for Cryptosporidium spp. was positive in six of 28 (21%) samples and for Cyclospora in 11 of 15 (73%) samples. Cyclospora spp. SSU rRNA DNA sequences clustered 10 samples nearest to lineage A, two with lineage B, and one with lineage C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cryptosporidiosis and cyclosporiasis are common in children with acute diarrhoea when consulting emergency services, and their search should be performed systematically.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary shield: Rhodnius prolixus salivary glandular extract reduces intestinal immunopathology and protects against Toxoplasma gondii infection.","authors":"Roberto Augusto Pereira Sousa, Jean Henrique Nunes de Paula, Rafaela José Silva, Samuel Cota Teixeira, Flávia Batista Ferreira França, Amanda Helena Leão Gonçalves, Túlio Rodrigues Oliveira Silva, Maria Julia Granero-Rosa, Murilo Vieira Silva, Marcos de Lucca Moreira Gomes, Marcos Vinícius Silva, Virmondes Rodrigues Junior, José Roberto Mineo, Bellisa Freitas Barbosa, Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro, Carlo José Freire Oliveira, Angelica Oliveira Gomes","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00676-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-024-00676-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>C57BL/6 mice, orally infected with T. gondii, experience pronounced severe intestinal inflammation, causing necrosis, weight loss, and bacterial translocation. In addition, immunomodulatory molecules such as lipocalins, nitrophorins, and apyrases are present in R. prolixus saliva. Our objective was to assess the immunomodulatory effects of the salivary gland extract (SGE) of R. prolixus in mice orally infected by T. gondii. Experimental groups received no treatment (PBS) or SGE (10 µg and 30 µg) in the chronic infection phase and (30 µg) in the acute infection phase. Control groups were non-infected and treated or not treated with SGE (30 µg). SGE was injected intraperitoneally daily, and mice were infected by gavage with 20 cysts of T. gondii (ME-49 strain) on the third treatment day. The treatment duration for the experiment was 23 days for the chronic infection phase (corresponding to 20 days of infection) and 12 days for the acute infection phase (corresponding to 9 days of infection). SGE-treated mice showed reduced small intestine shortening, weight loss, clinical scores, and higher survival rates. Treated mice also exhibited increased secretion of regulatory and protective cytokines (IL-4, IL-2, IL-10, IL-22) and higher levels of IL-4 (chronic phase), IL-2, and IL-22 (acute phase) in the gut. SGE treatment (30 µg) demonstrated protective effects in both the duodenum and ileum of T. gondii-infected mice. Treated animals showed better-preserved villus architecture, increased goblet and Paneth cell counts, and shallower crypts. Correlation data revealed that treated animals exhibited a more regulated and protective immune response. Overall, SGE contributed to the preservation of intestinal integrity and the reduction of inflammation. Thus, we conclude that SGE induces a regulatory response, mitigating inflammation and protecting against T. gondii infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a rapid fluorescence immunoassay for detecting Campylobacter antigens in stool samples.","authors":"Lucie Bénéjat, Astrid Ducournau, Juliette Gebhart, Emilie Bessede, Juergen Becker, Marine Jauvain, Philippe Lehours","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00686-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00686-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The species most frequently causing campylobacteriosis are Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, followed by Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter upsaliensis, and Campylobacter lari. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to detect Campylobacter DNA in stool samples, PCR assays are often validated for C. jejuni and C. coli only, and coproculture results can take several days to receive. For laboratories that do not have access to PCR technology, rapid antigen tests can be of the utmost importance for early diagnosis of the disease. We evaluated the performance of the Sofia Campylobacter Fluorescence Immunoassay (SCFIA) for rapid detection of Campylobacter antigens in stool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 94 frozen and 205 fresh stool specimens were included in retrospective and prospective evaluations, respectively. The linearity of the assay and its limit of detection for different Campylobacter species was evaluated using serial dilutions. Cross reactivity to phylogenetically related species was also investigated. The PCR results from the BD MAX Enteric Panel were considered the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of the SCFIA was 97.87% and 96.88% in retrospective and prospective evaluations, respectively. The specificity was 98.84%. The assay exhibited high linearity in serial dilutions for C. coli, C. jejuni, C. armoricus, C. ornithocola, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis, with correlation coefficients of 0.991-0.999, whereas C. fetus was not detected. No cross-reactivity was detected for Aliarcobacter butzleri, Helicobacter cinaedi, or Helicobacter pullorum. The minimum concentration for a positive result at the assay-specific cut-off was 4-17 million CFU/mL. The limit of detection ranged from 10⁶ to 10⁷ CFU/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SCFIA results are highly correlated with PCR results, with no cross-reactivity with phylogenetically related species. The linear correlation between fluorescence and CFU/mL results was strong. The assay's ability to detect antigens of various Campylobacter species can aid early diagnosis. However, the inability to detect C. fetus must be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis.","authors":"Waqar Saleem, Ateeqa Aslam, Mehlayl Tariq, Hans Nauwynck","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00684-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00684-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal mucus plays a crucial role in defending against enteric infections by protecting the vulnerable intestinal epithelial cells both physically and through its various constituents. Despite this, numerous gastroenteritis-causing viruses, such as rotavirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus, and enterovirus, continue to pose significant threats to humans and animals. While several studies have examined the interactions between these viruses and intestinal mucus, significant gaps remain in understanding the full protective potential of intestinal mucus against these pathogens. This review aims to elucidate the protective role of intestinal mucus in viral gastroenteritis. It begins with a comprehensive literature overview of (i) intestinal mucus, (ii) enteric viruses of medical and veterinary importance, and (iii) the known interactions between various enteric viruses and intestinal mucus. Following this, a case study is presented to highlight the age-dependent blocking effect of porcine intestinal mucus against transmissible gastroenteritis virus, a porcine coronavirus. Finally, the review discusses future investigation directions to further explore the potential of intestinal mucus as a defense mechanism against viral gastroenteritis to stimulate further research in this dynamic and critical area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated immune response in systemic lupus erythematosus: impact of disease and treatment.","authors":"Aya Y Ali, Sara A Zahran, Mervat Eissa, Mona T Kashef, Amal Emad Ali","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00683-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00683-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gut microbial dysbiosis and leaky gut play a role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Geographical location and dietary habits affect the microbiome composition in diverse populations. This study explored the gut microbiome dysbiosis, leaky gut, and systemic immune response to gut bacterial consortium in patients with SLE exhibiting mild/moderate and severe disease activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fecal and blood samples were collected from patients with SLE and healthy volunteers. Genomic DNA was extracted from the stool samples and subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and microbiome profiling. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were employed to determine the serum lipopolysaccharide level, as an assessment of gut permeability, and the systemic immune response against gut bacteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with SLE showed significantly lower gut bacterial richness and diversity, indicated by observed OTUs (56.6 vs. 74.44; p = 0.0289), Shannon (3.05 vs. 3.45; p = 0.017) and Simpson indices (0.91 vs. 0.94; p = 0.033). A lower Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio (1.07 vs. 1.69; p = 0.01) was observed, with reduced genera such as Ruminococcus 2 (0.003 vs. 0.026; p = 0.0009) and Agathobacter (0.003 vs. 0.012; p < 0.0001) and elevated Escherichia-Shigella (0.04 vs. 0.006; p < 0.0001) and Bacteroides (0.206 vs. 0.094; p = 0.033). Disease severity was associated with a higher relative abundance of Prevotella (0.001 vs. 0.0001; p = 0.04). Medication effects included lower Romboutsia (0.0009 vs. 0.011; p = 0.005) with azathioprine and higher Prevotella (0.003 vs. 0.0002; p = 0.038) with cyclophosphamide. Furthermore, categorization by prednisolone dosage revealed significantly higher relative abundances of Slackia (0.0007 vs. 0.00002; p = 0.0088), Romboutsia (0.009 vs. 0.002; p = 0.0366), and Comamonas (0.002 vs. 0.00007; p = 0.0249) in patients receiving high-dose prednisolone (> 10 mg/day). No differences in serum lipopolysaccharide levels were found, but SLE patients exhibited elevated serum gut bacterial antibody levels, suggesting a systemic immune response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirms the gut microbiome dysbiosis in patients with SLE, influenced by disease severity and specific medication usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterococcus and Eggerthella species are enriched in the gut microbiomes of COVID-19 cases in Uganda.","authors":"Carolina Agudelo, David Patrick Kateete, Emmanuel Nasinghe, Rogers Kamulegeya, Christopher Lubega, Monica Mbabazi, Noah Baker, Kathryn Y Lin, Chang C Liu, Arthur Shem Kasambula, Edgar Kigozi, Kevin Komakech, John Mukisa, Kassim Mulumba, Patricia Mwachan, Brenda Sharon Nakalanda, Gloria Patricia Nalubega, Julius Nsubuga, Diana Sitenda, Henry Ssenfuka, Giana T Cirolia, Jeshua T Gustafson, Ruohong Wang, Moses Luutu Nsubuga, Fahim Yiga, Sarah A Stanley, Bernard Ssentalo Bagaya, Alison Elliott, Moses Joloba, Ashley R Wolf","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00678-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00678-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection with the COVID-19-causing pathogen SARS-CoV-2 is associated with disruption in the human gut microbiome. The gut microbiome enables protection against diverse pathogens and exhibits dysbiosis during infectious and autoimmune disease. Studies based in the United States and China have found that severe COVID-19 cases have altered gut microbiome composition when compared to mild COVID-19 cases. We present the first study to investigate the gut microbiome composition of COVID-19 cases in a population from Sub-Saharan Africa. Given the impact of geography and cultural traditions on microbiome composition, it is important to investigate the microbiome globally and not draw broad conclusions from homogenous populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We used stool samples in a Ugandan biobank collected from COVID-19 cases during 2020-2022. We profiled the gut microbiomes of 83 symptomatic individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 along with 43 household contacts who did not present any symptoms of COVID-19. The inclusion of healthy controls enables us to generate hypotheses about bacterial strains potentially related to susceptibility to COVID-19 disease, which is highly heterogeneous. Comparison of the COVID-19 patients and their household contacts revealed decreased alpha diversity and blooms of Enterococcus and Eggerthella in COVID-19 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study finds that the microbiome of COVID-19 individuals is more likely to be disrupted, as indicated by decreased diversity and increased pathobiont levels. This is either a consequence of the disease or may indicate that certain microbiome states increase susceptibility to COVID-19 disease. Our findings enable comparison with cohorts previously published in the Global North, as well as support new hypotheses about the interaction between the gut microbiome and SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-read 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveals microbial characteristics in patients with colorectal adenomas and carcinoma lesions in Egypt.","authors":"Asmaa A El Leithy, Amira Salah El-Din Youssef, Auhood Nassar, Ramy K Aziz, Nadin M Khaled, Mina T Mahrous, Ghobrial N Farahat, Aya H Mohamed, Yasser Mabrouk Bakr","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00681-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00681-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the five leading causes of cancer incidence and mortality. During the past decade, the role of the gut microbiota and its dysbiosis in colorectal tumorigenesis has been emphasized. Metagenomics and amplicon-based microbiome profiling provided insights into the potential role of microbial dysbiosis in the development of CRC.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To address the scarcity of information on differential microbiome composition of tumor tissue in comparison to adenomas and the lack of such data from Egyptian patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Long-read nanopore sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons was used to profile the colonic microbiota from fresh colonoscopic biopsy samples of Egyptian patients with CRC and patients with colonic polyps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Species richness of CRC lesions was significantly higher than that in colonic polyps (p-value = 0.0078), while evenness of the CRC group was significantly lower than the colonic polyps group (p-value = 0.0055). Both species richness and Shannon diversity index of the late onset CRC samples were significantly higher than those of the early onset ones. The Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was significantly higher in the CRC group than in the colonic polyps group (p-value = 0.0054), and significantly higher in samples from early-onset CRC. The Enterococcus spp. were significantly overabundant in patients with rectal cancer and early-onset CRC, while Staphylococcus spp. were significantly higher in patients with sigmoid cancer and late-onset CRC. In addition, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly higher in CRC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differentiating trends were identified at phylum, genus, and species levels, despite the inter-individual differences. In summary, this study addressed the microbial dysbiosis associated with CRC and colonic polyps groups, paving the way for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of early and late-onset CRC in Egyptian patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-dose dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication inducing less impact on the gut microbiota.","authors":"Jia-Lun Guan, Ting-Ting Xu, Ya Lin, Yan-Shuai Mo, Bi-Yu He, Ying-Ying Han, Ji-Yan Li, Su-Hong Xia, Ya-Ni Zhou, Jia-Zhi Liao, Pei-Yuan Li","doi":"10.1186/s13099-025-00682-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-025-00682-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication regimens may have different effects on the gut microbiota. Few studies have analyzed the safety of high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) from a micro-ecological perspective. This study aimed to compare the impact of H. pylori eradication with HDDT and bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) on gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>H. Pylori-infected treatment-naive patients were recruited and screened from September 2023 to April 2024 and randomly assigned to the HDDT group (esomeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 750 mg, qid, 14 days) or BQT group (esomeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and bismuth potassium citrate 600 mg, bid, 14 days). Fresh stool specimens were collected and stored before treatment and at week 2 and week 8 after treatment. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota were compared and analyzed in both groups using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-nine H. pylori positive patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the HDDT (n = 24) or the BQT group (n = 25) group. Compared with baseline, alpha and beta diversities significantly changed at week 2 after receiving BQT and did not recover fully at week 8. However, in the HDDT group, the diversities at week 2 changed mildly without statistical significance, compared to baseline. Additionally, a greater number of species had alterations in their abundances in the BQT group compared to the HDDT group at week 2. However, the abundances of these species were restored to their previous levels at week 8 in both the HDDT and BQT groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to BQT, HDDT exerted less impact on the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR2100053268.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity of Clostridioides difficile asymptomatic colonization prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Daniel De-la-Rosa-Martínez, Rodrigo Villaseñor-Echavarri, Diana Vilar-Compte, Virna Mosqueda-Larrauri, Paola Zinser-Peniche, Seth Blumberg","doi":"10.1186/s13099-024-00674-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13099-024-00674-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asymptomatic carriers significantly influence the transmission dynamics of C. difficile. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of toxigenic C. difficile asymptomatic colonization (tCDAC) and investigate its heterogeneity across different populations. We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus for articles published between 2000 and 2023 on tCDAC. Studies including asymptomatic adults with laboratory-confirmed tCDAC were eligible. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence by clinical characteristics, settings, and geographic areas. In addition, we used outlier analyses and meta-regression to explore sources of prevalence variability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-one studies involving 39,447 patients were included. The tCDAC prevalence ranged from 0.5 to 51.5%. Among pooled estimates, a high prevalence was observed in patients with cystic fibrosis, outbreak settings, and cancer patients, whereas the lowest rates were found in healthy individuals and healthcare workers. Similar colonization rates were observed between admitted and hospitalized patients. Our meta-regression analysis revealed lower rates in healthy individuals and higher rates in cystic fibrosis patients and studies from North America. Additionally, compared with that among healthy individuals, the prevalence significantly increased by 15-47% among different populations and settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed that tCDAC is a common phenomenon. We found high prevalence estimates that showed significant variability across populations. This heterogeneity could be partially explained by population characteristics and settings, supporting their role in the pathogenesis and burden of this disease. This highlights the need to identify high-risk groups to improve infection control strategies, decrease transmission dynamics, and better understand the natural history of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12833,"journal":{"name":"Gut Pathogens","volume":"17 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}