Genes & genetic systems最新文献_第2页

Current research on mechanisms of limb bud development, and challenges for the next decade. 目前关于肢芽发育机制的研究；未来十年面临的困难。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00287

Takayuki Suzuki

引用次数: 0

Pigmentation of soybean seed coats via a mutation that abolishes production of multiple-phased siRNAs of chalcone synthase genes. 大豆种皮的色素沉着是通过抑制查尔酮合成酶基因多相 siRNA 的突变产生的。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00260

Mashiro Yuhazu, Shun Mikuriya, Ayumi Mori, Maria Stefanie Dwiyanti, Mineo Senda, Akira Kanazawa

{"title":"Pigmentation of soybean seed coats via a mutation that abolishes production of multiple-phased siRNAs of chalcone synthase genes.","authors":"Mashiro Yuhazu, Shun Mikuriya, Ayumi Mori, Maria Stefanie Dwiyanti, Mineo Senda, Akira Kanazawa","doi":"10.1266/ggs.23-00260","DOIUrl":"10.1266/ggs.23-00260","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of pigmentation in seed coats of soybean is caused by natural RNA silencing of chalcone synthase (CHS) genes. This phenomenon is an evolutionary consequence of structural changes in DNA that resulted in the production of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that trigger RNA degradation. Here we determined that a mutant with pigmented seed coats derived from a cultivar that lacked the pigmentation had a deletion between DNA regions ICHS1 and a cytochrome P450 gene; the deletion included GmIRCHS, a candidate gene that triggers CHS RNA silencing via production of CHS dsRNAs. We also characterized CHS short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) produced in the wild-type seed coats that had CHS RNA silencing. Phased 21-nt CHS siRNAs were detected in all 21 phases and were widely distributed in exon 2 of CHS7, which indicates commonality in the pattern of RNA degradation in natural CHS RNA silencing between distantly related species. These results with the similarities in the rearrangements found in spontaneous mutants suggest that the structural organization that generates dsRNAs that trigger phased siRNA production is vulnerable to further structural changes, which eventually abolish the induction of RNA silencing.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RNA synthesis in liposomes with negatively charged lipids after fusion via freezing-thawing. 带负电荷的脂质体通过冷冻-解冻融合后的 RNA 合成。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00297

Gakushi Tsuji, Ayu Shimomura, Shota Fukuoka, Masaya Oki

{"title":"RNA synthesis in liposomes with negatively charged lipids after fusion via freezing-thawing.","authors":"Gakushi Tsuji, Ayu Shimomura, Shota Fukuoka, Masaya Oki","doi":"10.1266/ggs.23-00297","DOIUrl":"10.1266/ggs.23-00297","url":null,"abstract":"The freezing-thawing (F/T) method for fusing giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) can provide substrates, enzymes and membrane material simultaneously and repetitively, and is useful for constructing a recursive model of an artificial cell. However, enzymatic efficiency after F/T is reduced due to rupture of the GUVs and leakage of the inner solution during F/T. Previously, liposomes composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and a negatively charged lipid, such as 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (POPG), showed lower rupture and leakage rates during F/T. In this study, we investigated the effect of POPG on the supply of components required for T7 RNA polymerase reactions via F/T by flow cytometry analysis. We found that the addition of POPG to liposome preparations reduced the efficiency of RNA synthesis. In addition, DNA was concentrated during F/T and RNA synthesis occurred after F/T in liposomes composed of POPC and POPG. Our results provide new insights for more efficient supply of substrates and enzymes by the F/T method, thereby increasing the utility of the F/T method for the construction of recursive bioreactors.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMD2, located near the boundary of heterochromatin regions, is regulated by multiple HAT-related factors. IMD2 位于异染色质区域的边界附近，受多种 HAT 相关因子的调控。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00284

Takahito Ayano, Masaya Oki

{"title":"IMD2, located near the boundary of heterochromatin regions, is regulated by multiple HAT-related factors.","authors":"Takahito Ayano, Masaya Oki","doi":"10.1266/ggs.23-00284","DOIUrl":"10.1266/ggs.23-00284","url":null,"abstract":"In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, boundaries formed by DNA sequence-dependent or -independent histone modifications stop the spread of the heterochromatin region formed via the Sir complex. However, it is unclear whether the histone modifiers that control DNA sequence-independent boundaries function in a chromosome-specific or -nonspecific manner. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the SAGA complex, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex, and its relationship with other histone-modifying enzymes to clarify the mechanism underlying boundary regulation of the IMD2 gene on the right subtelomere of chromosome VIII. We found that Spt8, a component of the SAGA complex, is important for boundary formation in this region and that the inclusion of Spt8 in the SAGA complex is more important than its interaction with TATA-binding protein and TFIIS. In addition to SAGA, various HAT-related factors, such as NuA4 and Rtt109, also functioned in this region. In particular, the SAGA complex induced weak IMD2 expression throughout the cell, whereas NuA4 induced strong expression. These results indicate that multiple HATs contribute to the regulation of boundary formation and IMD2 expression on the right subtelomere of chromosome VIII and that IMD2 expression is determined by the balance between these factors.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel tracking and analysis system for time-lapse cellular imaging of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 用于对小鼠裂殖酵母进行延时细胞成像的新型跟踪和分析系统。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00239

Kei Taniguchi, Takuya Kajitani, Takahito Ayano, Toshiyuki Yoshida, Masaya Oki

{"title":"A novel tracking and analysis system for time-lapse cellular imaging of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.","authors":"Kei Taniguchi, Takuya Kajitani, Takahito Ayano, Toshiyuki Yoshida, Masaya Oki","doi":"10.1266/ggs.23-00239","DOIUrl":"10.1266/ggs.23-00239","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of the parent-progeny relationship tracking technique in single-cell analysis has grown with the passage of time. In this study, fundamental image-processing techniques were combined to develop software capable of inferring cell cycle alterations in fission yeast cells, which exhibit equipartition during division. These methods, exclusively relying on bright-field images as input, could track parent-progeny relationships after cell division by assessing the temporal morphological transformation of these cells. In the application of this technique, the software was employed for calculating intracellular fluorescent dots during every stage of the cell cycle, using a yeast strain expressing EGFP-fused Swi6, which binds to chromatin. The results obtained with this software were consistent with those of previous studies. This software facilitated single-cell-level tracking of parent-progeny relationships in cells exhibiting equipartition during division and enabled the monitoring of spatial fluctuations in a cell cycle-dependent protein. This method, expediting the analysis of extensive datasets, may also empower large-scale screening experiments that cannot be conducted manually.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mouse retrotransposons: sequence structure, evolutionary age, genomic distribution and function. 小鼠反转录转座子:序列结构、进化年龄、基因组分布和功能。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Epub Date: 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00221

Masaki Kawase, Kenji Ichiyanagi

引用次数: 0

Evolution of the nervous system by acquisition of retrovirus-derived genes in mammals. 哺乳动物通过获得逆转录病毒基因实现神经系统的进化。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Epub Date: 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00197

Moe Kitazawa

{"title":"Evolution of the nervous system by acquisition of retrovirus-derived genes in mammals.","authors":"Moe Kitazawa","doi":"10.1266/ggs.23-00197","DOIUrl":"10.1266/ggs.23-00197","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of evolution, the most highly developed organ is likely the brain, which has become more complex over time and acquired diverse forms and functions in different species. In particular, mammals have developed complex and high-functioning brains, and it has been reported that several genes derived from retroviruses were involved in mammalian brain evolution, that is, generating the complexity of the nervous system. Especially, the sushi-ichi-related retrotransposon homolog (SIRH)/retrotransposon gag-like (RTL) genes have been suggested to play a role in the evolutionary processes shaping brain morphology and function in mammals. Genetic mutation and altered expression of genes are linked to neurological disorders, highlighting how the acquisition of virus-derived genes in mammals has both driven brain evolution and imposed a susceptibility to diseases. This review provides an overview of the functions, diversity, evolution and diseases associated with SIRH/RTL genes in the nervous system. The contribution of retroviruses to brain evolution is an important research topic in evolutionary biology and neuroscience, and further insights are expected to be gained through future studies.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrotransposon-derived transcripts and their functions in immunity and disease. 逆转录病毒载体产生的转录本及其在免疫和疾病中的功能

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Epub Date: 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00187

Mahoko Takahashi Ueda

{"title":"Retrotransposon-derived transcripts and their functions in immunity and disease.","authors":"Mahoko Takahashi Ueda","doi":"10.1266/ggs.23-00187","DOIUrl":"10.1266/ggs.23-00187","url":null,"abstract":"Retrotransposons, which account for approximately 42% of the human genome, have been increasingly recognized as \"non-self\" pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) due to their virus-like sequences. In abnormal conditions such as cancer and viral infections, retrotransposons that are aberrantly expressed due to impaired epigenetic suppression display PAMPs, leading to their recognition by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system and triggering inflammation. This viral mimicry mechanism has been observed in various human diseases, including aging and autoimmune disorders. However, recent evidence suggests that retrotransposons possess highly regulated immune reactivity and play important roles in the development and function of the immune system. In this review, I discuss a wide range of retrotransposon-derived transcripts, their role as targets in immune recognition, and the diseases associated with retrotransposon activity. Furthermore, I explore the implications of chimeric transcripts formed between retrotransposons and known gene mRNAs, which have been previously underestimated, for the increase of immune-related gene isoforms and their influence on immune function. Retrotransposon-derived transcripts have profound and multifaceted effects on immune system function. The aim of this comprehensive review is to provide a better understanding of the complex relationship between retrotransposon transcripts and immune defense.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complete mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA sequences of the freshwater green microalga Medakamo hakoo. 淡水绿色微藻 Medakamo hakoo 的完整线粒体和叶绿体 DNA 序列。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Epub Date: 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00275

Mari Takusagawa, Osami Misumi, Hisayoshi Nozaki, Shoichi Kato, Shinichiro Maruyama, Yayoi Tsujimoto-Inui, Fumi Yagisawa, Mio Ohnuma, Haruko Kuroiwa, Tsuneyoshi Kuroiwa, Sachihiro Matsunaga

引用次数: 0

The role of transposable elements in human evolution and methods for their functional analysis: current status and future perspectives. 转座元件在人类进化中的作用及其功能分析方法：现状和未来展望。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Epub Date: 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.23-00140

Kei Fukuda

引用次数: 0