Fungal biology最新文献_第4页

Phylogenetic analysis of termite-associated Xylaria from Africa reveals hidden diversity 非洲白蚁伴生木虱的系统发育分析揭示了隐藏的多样性。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.12.001

Guangshuo Li , Suzanne Schmidt , Simon Kolotchéléma Silué , N'golo A. Koné , Michael Poulsen

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis of termite-associated Xylaria from Africa reveals hidden diversity","authors":"Guangshuo Li , Suzanne Schmidt , Simon Kolotchéléma Silué , N'golo A. Koné , Michael Poulsen","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungus-farming termite colonies host members of the genus <em>Xylaria</em> as stow-away fungi that emerge from deteriorating fungal gardens (combs) or dying termite nests. Fungus-farming termites originated in Africa, where the highest host diversity – eleven termite genera – exists, and later colonised parts of Asia, where five extant termite genera are known. Theory predicts that symbiont diversity should correlate with host diversity, but while 17 termite-associated <em>Xylaria</em> species have been described from Asia, a mere three African species have been formally described. This suggests that the diversity of termite-associated <em>Xylaria</em> in Africa is underestimated due to under-sampling. To test this, we obtained 34 <em>Xylaria</em> isolates from 20 termite colonies in Côte d’Ivoire and placed them in a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis alongside 278 <em>Xylaria</em> and outgroup specimens. This revealed 18 putatively novel <em>Xylaria</em> species, confirming our hypothesis. In addition, our findings revealed the capacity for termite-associated <em>Xylaria</em> species to colonize fungus gardens associated with diverse termite host genera, and that individual termite colonies can host multiple <em>Xylaria</em> species. Given the relatively limited scope of our sampling, including <em>Xylaria</em> strains derived from only four of 11 farming termite genera, it is imperative that substantial diversity likely remains to be discovered, particularly in Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The secret life of the Pyricularia fungi in the rhizosphere 真菌在根际的秘密生活。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101524

Zikai Xiang, Hitoshi Nakayashiki, Kenichi Ikeda

{"title":"The secret life of the Pyricularia fungi in the rhizosphere","authors":"Zikai Xiang, Hitoshi Nakayashiki, Kenichi Ikeda","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blast diseases caused by <em>Pyricularia</em> spp. are well-known as foliar diseases. Here, we found that <em>Pyricularia grisea</em> can infect the roots of crabgrass (<em>Digitaria</em> spp.) under natural conditions. Two strains, DRIS3-1 and DRIS3-4, were isolated from the roots. DRIS3-1 and DRIS3-4 had polymorphisms in their rDNA-internal transcribed spacer sequences, indicating genetic diversity in the root-infecting <em>P. grisea</em>. Amplicon sequencing revealed the presence of <em>P. grisea</em> in the roots of all the examined crabgrass plants. Interestingly, different haplotypes of <em>P. grisea</em> were detected in the leaves and roots of individual plants. When healthy crabgrass and rice were planted in the field, indigenous <em>P. grisea</em> was detected in both the rhizospheres. In the leaf inoculation experiment, the inoculated fungi did not reach the roots. However, when crabgrass seeds were contaminated with <em>P. grisea</em>, fungal DNA was detected in the roots. Furthermore, we observed transmission of the inoculated fungus to nearby healthy crabgrass roots. These findings indicated that <em>P. grisea</em> has a hidden underground infection cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation and characterization of native fungal strains for the bioremediation of BTEX pollutants BTEX污染物生物修复天然真菌菌株的分离与鉴定。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101534

Reyhaneh Shekari , Parisa Mohammadi , Gholamreza Zarrini

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of native fungal strains for the bioremediation of BTEX pollutants","authors":"Reyhaneh Shekari , Parisa Mohammadi , Gholamreza Zarrini","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) exposure is known to be carcinogenic and neurotoxic chemicals to humans. This study investigates the potential of fungal native strains for the bioremediation of BTEX compounds. Fungal isolates were obtained from BTEX-enriched soil, and their ability to degrade these pollutants was evaluated. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) method has been used to confirm the biodegradation of BTEX. Eight fungal strains were isolated from genera such as <em>Talaromyces</em>, <em>Aspergillus</em>, and <em>Lichtheimia.</em> Among them, <em>Talaromyces pinophilus</em> RBF1 and <em>Aspergillus elsenburgensis</em> RBF6 were very efficient strains for BTEX biodegradation over 98 % removal of BTEX at a concentration of 1 %. The strains also grow very well at a higher concentration of 2 % BTEX. In contrast, <em>Lichtheimia ramosa</em> RBF8 and <em>Aspergillus nidulans</em> RBF2 exhibited increased benzene concentration, which probably occurred due to biological transformation of other compounds into benzene. Despite the high bioremediation potential of some isolated fungi, further assessment of fungal degradation is necessary to develop bioremediation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Several Seiridium species (Sporocadaceae: Xylariales) cause cypress canker in South Africa 几个Seiridium种（孢子科：木杉属）在南非引起柏树溃疡病。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101528

Janneke Aylward , Sydney Atkins , Francois Roets , Brenda D. Wingfield , Michael J. Wingfield

{"title":"Several Seiridium species (Sporocadaceae: Xylariales) cause cypress canker in South Africa","authors":"Janneke Aylward , Sydney Atkins , Francois Roets , Brenda D. Wingfield , Michael J. Wingfield","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cypress canker is an important fungal disease caused by at least seven different <em>Seiridium</em> species. The disease has been known on <em>Cupressaceae</em> trees in South Africa since the 1980's, but its relevance was recently accentuated with an outbreak on native <em>Widdringtonia nodiflora</em> trees in the Western Cape. The causal agent, <em>S.</em> <em>neocupressi,</em> was previously unknown in the country, highlighting a lack of information regarding the disease in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of cypress canker and its causal agents across the country by sampling diseased <em>Cupressaceae</em> trees and reconsidering the identity of <em>Seiridium</em> strains previously collected in the country. Phylogenetic analyses revealed five known cypress canker pathogens and two putatively novel species. <em>Seiridium cardinale</em> was the most frequently isolated species in the Western Cape. Only two isolates of <em>S. neocupressi</em> were found outside the outbreak on <em>Widdringtonia</em>. <em>Seiridium unicorne</em> was most frequently isolated in the Gauteng and Free State provinces. <em>Seiridium cancrinum,</em> <em>S.</em> <em>kenyanum</em> and the two undescribed species were each recovered only in localised areas. Stem inoculations on <em>x Hesperotropsis leylandii</em> using <em>S. cardinale</em>, <em>S. neocupressi</em> and <em>S. unicorne</em> strains confirmed the pathogenicity of <em>S. cardinale</em> and <em>S. neocupressi</em>. In contrast, <em>S. unicorne</em> strains exhibited variable levels of aggressiveness. This study represents the first extensive consideration of cypress canker in South Africa and one of few studies on this important disease in the Southern Hemisphere</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata resin on biomass growth of Fusarium circinatum 赤松和辐射松树脂对圆形镰刀菌生物量生长的影响。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101525

D. Fariña-Flores , A. Fadón-Alberca , L. Hernandez-Escribano , B. Fernández de Simón , M. Conde , M.T. Morales Clemente , R. Raposo

{"title":"Effect of Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata resin on biomass growth of Fusarium circinatum","authors":"D. Fariña-Flores , A. Fadón-Alberca , L. Hernandez-Escribano , B. Fernández de Simón , M. Conde , M.T. Morales Clemente , R. Raposo","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pines produce and accumulate oleoresin, which is part of the preformed defensive system or is synthesized <em>de novo</em> in response to biotic and abiotic challenges. <em>Fusarium circinatum</em> is a fungal pathogen that causes Pine Pitch Canker disease and is characterized by cankers with abundant resin at the infection site. <em>F. circinatum</em> colonizes the plant using both constitutive and traumatic resin ducts, indicating a resin tolerance that needs to be evaluated. Using a spectrophotometric technique, we assessed the effects of constitutive and induced resin on the growth of <em>F. circinatum.</em> The pathogen was grown in minimum medium supplemented with resin (at 0.8, 1.5 and 3 % concentrations) in the wells of a microplate for 6 days, and the absorbance at 570 nm was measured as an indicator of fungal biomass. The results showed that resin from <em>Pinus pinaster</em> and <em>Pinus radiata</em> enhanced fungal growth, as the absorbances measured with the addition of volatile or nonvolatile fractions extracted from constitutive and induced resins increased above 100 % relative to the solvent used in resin extraction. <em>F. circinatum</em> grew 40 % more in the hexane extract of the induced resin than in the constitutive resin of <em>P. radiata</em>. Terpene profiles determined by GC–MS analysis differed quantitatively and qualitatively by resin type (constitutive or induced) and pine species. The <em>F. circinatum</em> growth with various single terpene components of resin at different concentrations was also measured. The absorbance results showed that α-pinene and citronellol (monoterpenes) promoted growth at specific concentrations, while all others inhibited or did not affect it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secondary metabolites and extracellular proteases contribute to the antagonistic action of indigenous Trichoderma strains against Botrytis cinerea 次生代谢物和胞外蛋白酶参与了本土木霉菌株对灰葡萄孢的拮抗作用。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101530

A. Díaz de la Osa , M. Almenares Casanova , B. Fernández Millares , M.E. Aguado Casas , L. Rojas , S. Zeilinger , A. Hernández-Rodríguez

{"title":"Secondary metabolites and extracellular proteases contribute to the antagonistic action of indigenous Trichoderma strains against Botrytis cinerea","authors":"A. Díaz de la Osa , M. Almenares Casanova , B. Fernández Millares , M.E. Aguado Casas , L. Rojas , S. Zeilinger , A. Hernández-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this work is to evaluate different molecular strategies deployed by indigenous isolates of <em>Trichoderma</em> in their interaction with the phytopathogen <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>. <em>In vitro</em> antagonism assays, determination of volatile and diffusible compounds, and the relative expression of the <em>prb</em>1 gene, which codes for an extracellular protease, before and during the stage of direct contact between the two fungi, were carried out; the characterization of this protease was also performed. All 17 <em>Trichoderma</em> strains tested showed high levels of inhibition against <em>B. cinerea</em> growth in dual culture, with overgrowth of antagonist colonies on top of pathogen colonies being observed in most cases. Pathogen growth inhibition by antagonist-released volatile compounds ranged from 17 to 100 %, while the inhibition linked to the production of diffusible compounds ranged from 13 to 100 %. The <em>prb</em>1 gene was shown to be three-fold upregulates compared to growth alone before direct contact between the two fungi was established and then its transcript levels declined again at the direct contact stage. In the <em>Trichoderma</em> culture supernatant, the presence of elastase-type serine proteases (SP) associated with the initiation of the mycoparasitism process could be observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selection of volatile markers for rubbery rot in apple fruit caused by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis 苹果果实胶腐病挥发性标记物的选择。

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101527

Hinrich H.F. Holthusen , Roland W.S. Weber , Merete Edelenbos , Alexandru Luca

{"title":"Selection of volatile markers for rubbery rot in apple fruit caused by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis","authors":"Hinrich H.F. Holthusen , Roland W.S. Weber , Merete Edelenbos , Alexandru Luca","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.101527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although a major share of postharvest losses of apples is due to fungal fruit rots, their timely detection is difficult in commercial bulk-storage rooms. Therefore, a method was developed to identify the volatile markers of fruit naturally infected by <em>Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis</em>, a common storage-rot fungus of Northern Europe, and North and South America. Potato dextrose agar, apple juice agar, and fruit of the apple cultivar ‘Nicoter’ were inoculated with <em>P. washingtonensis.</em> Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were sampled from the headspace of inoculated and uninoculated agar cultures and fruits using solid-phase micro-extraction and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The number of emitted alcohols and miscellaneous compounds was higher from agar and fruit colonised by <em>P. washingtonensis</em> than from uninoculated controls, whereas more aldehydes and esters were detected in uninoculated samples. These results indicate that the fungus produced alcohols and miscellaneous compounds and consumed aldehydes and esters while growing. The concentration of 37 of the VOCs was higher in the <em>P. washingtonensis</em> inoculated agar compared to the uninoculated agar, and nine of these compounds (3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-phenylethanol, acetone, 3-methyl furan, styrene, 1-ethyl-4-methoxybenzene, 4-ethylphenol, and 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol) were associated with fungal growth both in vitro and in vivo. Twenty-nine compounds were also detected in higher concentrations in apple fruit naturally infected by <em>P. washingtonensis,</em> indicating that the VOC method has potential as an early warning of storage rot in apples</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 1","pages":"Article 101527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide conjugate vaccine made with filtered polysaccharide elicits protective immunity in mice 用过滤多糖制成的新型隐球菌多糖结合疫苗在小鼠体内产生保护性免疫力

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101544

Piotr R. Stempinski , Paola Ramos Irizarry , Scott A. McConnell , Livia C. Liporagi Lopes , Samuel Rodrigues Dos Santos Júnior , Maggie P. Wear , Arturo Casadevall

{"title":"A Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide conjugate vaccine made with filtered polysaccharide elicits protective immunity in mice","authors":"Piotr R. Stempinski , Paola Ramos Irizarry , Scott A. McConnell , Livia C. Liporagi Lopes , Samuel Rodrigues Dos Santos Júnior , Maggie P. Wear , Arturo Casadevall","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diseases caused by the encapsulated fungus <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> are major causes of mortality and morbidity in immunocompromised patients. Two important cryptococcal virulence factors are the polysaccharide capsule (CPS) and the secreted exopolysaccharides (EPS), both of which contain predominantly glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) polymers. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of an experimental glycoconjugate vaccine generated by linking minimally processed cryptococcal EPS with the protein carrier CRM<sub>197</sub>. Two different adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide and Freund's adjuvant) were utilized to increase the immunogenicity and to evaluate the efficiency of vaccine protection in a mouse model of cryptococcosis. After a three-dose vaccination schedule, titers of GXM-specific antibodies and survival following lethal challenge were assessed. The protective efficacy of antibodies from sera of vaccinated mice was also evaluated in vitro, through the characterization of their enhancement of macrophage engulfment and opsonization patterns on cryptococcal cells. Antibodies elicited by the EPS-CRM<sub>197</sub> vaccine formulated with Freund's adjuvant showed the best opsonic capabilities as shown by the macrophage engulfment analysis and cryptococcal capsule binding patterns, which was mirrored by longer survival of this vaccine group in our challenge studies. This study confirms that an EPS-protein conjugate vaccine can elicit a protective immune response in mice and provides encouragement for the development of polysaccharide–protein conjugates for the prevention of cryptococcosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 2","pages":"Article 101544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Propionate consumption activates mitochondrial activity, methylcitrate cycle and promotes changes in the cell wall of the human pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101545

Luiz Paulo Araújo Santos , Dayane Moraes , Leandro do Prado Assunção , Matthias Brock , Kassyo Lobato Potenciano da Silva , Andréa Rodrigues Chaves , Rafael Oliveira Martins , Mirelle Garcia Silva-Bailão , Célia Maria de Almeida Soares , Alexandre Melo Bailão

{"title":"Propionate consumption activates mitochondrial activity, methylcitrate cycle and promotes changes in the cell wall of the human pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum","authors":"Luiz Paulo Araújo Santos , Dayane Moraes , Leandro do Prado Assunção , Matthias Brock , Kassyo Lobato Potenciano da Silva , Andréa Rodrigues Chaves , Rafael Oliveira Martins , Mirelle Garcia Silva-Bailão , Célia Maria de Almeida Soares , Alexandre Melo Bailão","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Histoplasma capsulatum</em> is the fungal causative agent of the systemic mycosis Histoplasmosis, a disease with high incidence in the Americas and with worldwide occurrence. During infection, <em>H</em>. <em>capsulatum</em> yeast cells may metabolize nutrients such as odd fatty acids and amino acids, which render propionyl-CoA, a three-carbon molecule that may be toxic in high concentrations. In fungi, propionyl-CoA metabolism occurs mainly via the methylcitrate cycle (MCC). Therefore, this work aimed to analyze the adaptation of <em>H</em>. <em>capsulatum</em> to propionate. <em>In silico</em> analysis indicated potential genes coding for MCC specific enzymes, such as methylcitrate synthase (MCS), methylcitrate dehydratase (MCD) and methylisocitrate lyase (MCL). Propionate-grown cells induced the expression of MCS and MCL. Additionally, MCS enzymatic activity increased in propionate, regardless of the presence of the preferred carbon source glucose. Although propionate alone does not promote strong growth of <em>H</em>. <em>capsulatum</em>, propionate was consumed from the medium. Proteomic analyses identified 348 propionate-regulated proteins, 133 down-regulated and 215 up-regulated. Propionate metabolization increased ROS accumulation, cell wall remodeling, and fatty acid and amino acid oxidations. Altogether, these findings suggest that propionate metabolization activates the MCC, promotes changes in the cell wall, increases oxidative stress and activates alternative carbon source utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 2","pages":"Article 101545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143282912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resistance evolution and local adaptation of Venturia inaequalis to old and new generation SDHI fungicides

IF 2.9 3区生物学

Fungal biology Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101543

Hilal Özkılınç , Baran Taylan Fidanoğlu , Sibel Öncel , Ezgi Kurtuluş , İrem Ece Kadıoğlu

{"title":"Resistance evolution and local adaptation of Venturia inaequalis to old and new generation SDHI fungicides","authors":"Hilal Özkılınç , Baran Taylan Fidanoğlu , Sibel Öncel , Ezgi Kurtuluş , İrem Ece Kadıoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides is widespread in controlling apple scab disease caused by <em>Venturia inaequalis</em>. However, resistance in populations develops and new SDHIs are generated commercially, thus evaluating this arms-race in local populations is important for appropriate disease management. In this study, <em>in vitro</em> mycelial growth effects of five commercial fungicides, including old and new generation SDHIs on a large <em>V. inaequalis</em> population in Türkiye were investigated. Overall, the entire population was resistant to Boscalid (Cantus®), and the most effective fungicides tested were Isopyrazam (REFLECT®) and Pydiflumetofen (Candidate fungicide, Miravis®). Although the results show the effectiveness of new generation SDHIs, remarkable differences in pathogen resistance responses were detected at local level. There were also differences in colony growth rates among isolates, but this was not associated with fungicide response traits. Furthermore, the intraspecies genetic diversities obtained from the sequence data of the four selected gene regions were depicted with the Neigbour_Joining (NJ) trees. There appeared to be no relationship between NJ-based branching and fungicide response phenotypes. As a result of mating type determinationof the isolates with newly designed primers, 1:1 ratio indicated possible recombination in almost all local groups, with one exception. Additionally, detection of both mating type genes in some isolates was an interesting finding about the reproductive structure of the pathogen. This study, which is the first comprehensive study of <em>V. inaequalis</em> in Türkiye, presents new findings about the pathogen from different perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"129 2","pages":"Article 101543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0