Gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000551107","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article \"Polypharmacy following Dementia Diagnoses in Vietnam: Results from Real-World Data in Outpatient Settings\" [Gerontology. 2026;72:211-221; https://doi.org/10.1159/000550017] by Hoang et al. was published with the wrong open access license. The correct license of the article is CC-BY.The original article has been updated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"329-330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia in Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Paula Sobrini-Morillo, Celia Corral-Tuesta, Carmen Sánchez-Castellano, Tamara Gutiérrez-Blanco, María Jesús Blanchard-Rodríguez, Belén Escudero-González, Catalina Nieto-Góngora, Jaime Moujir López, José Antonio Serra-Rexach, Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft","doi":"10.1159/000549514","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Sarcopenia is an age-related condition characterised by low muscle mass and function, associated with poorer outcomes. Its prevalence and prognostic role in multiple myeloma (MM) remain unclear, as most studies only consider muscle mass defined by computed tomography (CT) scan and disregard muscle function. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) definition in older patients with MM and to analyse its associations with other geriatric syndromes and survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective study of patients aged ≥65 years with newly diagnosed MM who underwent a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), including handgrip strength and gait speed. Their initial positron emission tomography-computed tomography images were evaluated in terms of muscle mass, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue at the third lumbar vertebral level (L3). Medical records were reviewed in January 2025 to collect mortality and follow-up data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 52 patients included (55.1% women; median age 77.6 ± 5.9 years), 32 (61.5%) had probable sarcopenia (low muscle strength), and four (12.5%) had confirmed sarcopenia (low muscle strength and low muscle mass). No significant differences were found in frailty or malnutrition between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic participants. Sarcopenic patients had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) compared with non-sarcopenic patients (43.1 vs. 18.0 months, p = 0.001), and low muscle mass was independently associated with poorer survival outcomes (hazard ratio [HR]: 46.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-1,146.9). In contrast, no significant differences were observed for progression-free survival (PFS), although low muscle mass remained significantly associated with an increased risk of progression (HR: 25.34; 95% CI: 1.72-374.27).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to include both muscle quantity (muscle mass) and function (muscle strength) as the correct approach for sarcopenia evaluation in older patients with MM. Patients with sarcopenia may have reduced OS, and low skeletal muscle mass index was also associated with shorter PFS, but further studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm its prognostic value. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12695107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145539662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote Monitoring of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Reveals Intrinsic Capacity in Older Adults.","authors":"Myeounggon Lee, Nikita Gidh, Mehrnaz Azarian, Jaewon Beom, Michele K York, Mark E Kunik, Ashkan Vaziri, Bijan Najafi","doi":"10.1159/000552541","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unadopted intrinsic capacity (U-IC) may be an early indicator of loss of independence, reflecting the gap between intrinsic abilities and actual engagement in daily activities. Impairments in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are central to this construct but are usually assessed subjectively. We developed and evaluated a remote patient monitoring solution that operationalizes U-IC by combining objective measures of mobility, IADL engagement, frailty, and patient-reported outcomes, and tested its ability to identify older adults with cognitive impairment and fallers, two key risk factors for loss of independence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Community-dwelling adults aged 50-95 years were recruited from a convenience sample for this feasibility study. We examined U-IC-related risk factors including physical frailty, depression, self-reported IADL ability (Lawton Scale), remotely derived IADL inability (medication noncompliance, leisure disengagement, food-preparation inactivity), and mobility deficits (inactivity, postural transition, walking, and standing deficits). Cognitive status was classified using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; cutoff 25). All variables were normalized to a 1 to 10 scale (1 best, 10 worst) to support holistic visualization. Group-level comparisons by cognitive status and fall history were used to evaluate the discriminative ability of U-IC models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-four participants completed the assessment (cognitively healthy n = 22; cognitively impaired n = 42). U-IC metrics collected over 7 days (24/7) related to food-preparation inactivity (odds ratio (OR) = 3.76, p = 0.026) and leisure disengagement (OR = 3.42, p = 0.033) significantly differentiated cognitively impaired participants. Seventeen (27%) participants reported a fall in the past year and, versus non-fallers, showed greater slowness (OR = 3.70, p = 0.018), lower self-reported IADL ability (OR = 3.50, p = 0.034), and more postural transition deficits (OR = 3.00, p = 0.042). U-IC models incorporating key variables showed good discrimination for cognitive impairment (AUC = 0.80) and fair discrimination for fall status (AUC = 0.78).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Remote, objective assessment of U-IC is a promising approach to identify older adults at high risk for loss of independence, including those with cognitive impairment and a history of falls. The remote monitoring platform and holistic visualization may serve as an efficient pre-screening tool to flag at-risk individuals and guide timely, multidimensional interventions. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine how changes in U-IC predict future loss of independence and response to targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"622-638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147971926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in the Development of a Multidimensional Fall Risk Index for Older Adults.","authors":"Alexandra G Hammond, Sarah E Schwartz, Gail B Rattinger, David A E Bolton, Christopher M Warren, Mikaela A Drewel, Ken R Smith, JoAnn T Tschanz","doi":"10.1159/000553035","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple factors predict falls among older adults, yet most screening tools are unidimensional and ignore sex differences despite higher fall occurrence among females. Understanding sex differences in the risks and occurrence of falls is critical to inform clinical decision-making. Using extant data from a population-based study, we developed and validated separate, fall indexes by sex based on the relationship between multiple, intrinsic risk factors for falls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two thousand, eight hundred fifty-seven individuals (57% females) comprised the test set, and 1,428 individuals comprised the validation set. Cox proportional hazards regression determined the weights for each significant risk factor in predicting incident falls, which subsequently comprised each fall index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Traditional fall risk factors were largely confirmed for females and males, except that underweight BMI and use of fall-risk-inducing drugs discriminated future fallers from non-fallers among females only. The multidimensional index predicted fall risk such that for every one-point increase on the index, there was a 2.5-fold increased hazard of experiencing a future fall among females (HR = 2.47, 95% CI [2.08-2.93], p < 0.001), and a 77% increase among males (HR = 1.77, 95% CI [1.56-2.02], p < 0.001). Classification accuracy (percentage of correct predictions out of all predictions) was 69% for females at 1-year post-baseline and 67% for males, increasing to 74% at 5 years and 79% at 10 years post-baseline for both females and males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant sex differences in fall risk factors were identified. Sex-specific measures may improve clinical screenings and guide tailored interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"652-666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13384224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Reactive Balance Training Program Characteristics on Reactive Balance Control and Fall Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression.","authors":"Hadas Nachmani, Laura Kathleen Langer, Augustine Joshua Devasahayam, Avril Mansfield","doi":"10.1159/000552354","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552354","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Introduction: Reactive balance training (RBT) programs have been developed to address age-related deterioration in reactive balance control and increased fall risk. Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of those programs, there is significant variability in intervention characteristics (e.g., perturbation type, total volume and intensity of training) and study findings. It is likely that intervention effectiveness depends on the intervention features; however, little is known about the optimal way to deliver RBT. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-regression was to determine the optimal intervention characteristics for RBT for improving reactive balance control and preventing falls in daily life.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched MEDLINE ALL (July 2023), Embase (July 2023), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (August 2023), and Cochrane (July 2023) for randomized controlled trials of RBT that reported measures of reactive balance control and/or falls in daily life. Results were screened by two reviewers independently to determine eligibility. The following details were extracted: study population; intervention characteristics (number, frequency and duration of sessions, type, intensity and number of perturbations; description of the control), number of participants in each group; reactive balance outcomes pre- and post-intervention, and number of falls post-intervention. Risk of bias (RoB) and certainty of evidence (GRADE) were assessed. Meta-regressions were performed to explore the influence of different study components on reactive balance control and falls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;After screening 7,677 records, 32 studies were included; 25 reported a reactive balance outcome, and 19 reported falls in daily life. RoB of reactive balance control revealed main concerns arising from selection of reported results. RoB of falls in daily life had high or some concerns in the measurements of the outcome and selection of reported results. RBT programs that included manual perturbations were associated with reduced fall rates compared to waist-pull perturbations (rate ratio: 0.45; 95% confidence interval: 0.22, 0.91, p = 0.042). There were no other significant relationships between any other training parameters and falls in daily life or reactive balance control. Quality of evidence (GRADE) was low for reactive balance control and very low for falls in daily life.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Optimal RBT training characteristics remain unclear due to substantial variability in training protocols and underreporting of key intervention details across studies, which limited meaningful synthesis and interpretation of findings. Although programs incorporating manual perturbations were associated with reduced fall rates, no other training parameters showed consistent relationships with reactive balance control or falls in daily life. Future RBT studies should provide more detailed and standardized descriptions of RBT","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"676-690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Reactive Dynamic Balance in Older Adults: An Exploratory Lag-Plot-Based Approach toward Fall Risk Estimation.","authors":"Lea Feld, Michel Hackbarth, Laura Himmelmann, Elisa-Marie Speckmann, Jessica Koschate-Storm, Tim Stuckenschneider, Tania Zieschang","doi":"10.1159/000551583","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551583","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Reactive dynamic balance in older adults has become a focus of research and targeted falls prevention interventions. However, an accurate and reliable measure to assess an individual's reactive dynamic balance performance is lacking. While the margin of stability (MoS) is commonly used in laboratory settings, its practical applicability for fall risk assessment is limited. This study proposes exploratory perturbation-based reactive balance measures based on lag plot analysis of acceleration data from a single inertial measurement unit worn at the lower back and evaluates their predictive value for future falls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Sixty-four older adults (aged &gt;60 years), all of whom had recently experienced a fall resulting in an emergency department visit, participated in a treadmill-based perturbation protocol including acceleration (right/left), deceleration (right/left), full stop, sway (right/left), and pitch perturbations. Besides age, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), gait speed, cognition, and concerns about falling were assessed. Reactive dynamic balance responses were quantified, using an exploratory approach with individual lag plot ellipses derived from acceleration data in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions. Four unperturbed gait variability measures were calculated per participant, and four exploratory perturbation-based parameters as well as two MoS parameters were calculated per participant and perturbation type. Stepwise logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the predictive value of this exploratory approach for prospective falls, reporting odds ratio (OR) and McFadden's pseudo-R2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;While the SPPB showed predictive relevance (OR = 0.65, p = 0.029, R2 = 0.14), unperturbed gait variability and MoS did not improve model performance, when controlling for age. In contrast, exploratory perturbation-based parameters for the acceleration-right perturbation significantly contributed to fall prediction. In particular, an effect was observed for the parameter associated with short-term variability (&lt;mml:math id=\"m1\" xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;L&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;M&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;S&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;S&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;D&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mn&gt;2&lt;/mml:mn&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;n&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;o&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;r&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;m&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;/mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;/mml:math&gt;; OR = 0.39, p = 0.010, R2 = 0.20). These results indicate that older adults with higher short-term (stride-to-stride) variability in trunk acceleration during right-leg acceleration perturbations are less prone to falls. When allowing for an additional predictive parameter, the proportion of acceleration data deviating from unperturbed walking during the perturbation phase (POE) showed also a predictive value (OR = 1.13, p = 0.020, R2 = 0.28).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The f","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"541-552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Driven Fall Prediction across Generations: Integrating Deep Learning and Machine Learning for Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults.","authors":"Fa-Chen Lin, Po-Hung Chen, Cheng-Hong Yang, Chen-Cheng Yang, Hung-Yi Chuang, Chih-Hsing Hung","doi":"10.1159/000549410","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Falls occur in all age-groups and represent a significant public health concern. Previous studies have implemented artificial intelligence, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms for fall risk prediction, but the comparative performance between models and the applicability for younger populations remains unclear. This study aims to develop and compare different ML/DL models and identify key predictive features across age-groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 1,441 community-dwelling adults aged over 20 years in southern Taiwan and collected demographic, clinical, and physical performance data. Participants were categorized based on fall history. Five ML models (KNN, RF, GBDT, XGBoost, and CatBoost) and two DL models (GRU, AGRU) were trained and evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Feature importance was interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations values in the best-performing model. Age-stratified subgroup analyses were conducted for groups aged 20-45, 46-65, and >65 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AGRU model achieved the highest accuracy (91.39%) and AUROC (0.934) in the overall group and outperformed other models across all subgroups. Feature importance analysis revealed pulse rate, living alone, systolic blood pressure, 5-times Sit-to-Stand test, and sex as major predictors of falls in the overall group. The top five predictive factors varied across age-groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We developed a robust and interpretable DL model to identify fall risk across different age-groups. Age-specific risk factors highlight the need for tailored preventive strategies. External validation using an independent dataset demonstrated moderate generalizability. Validating the model on larger, more diverse datasets and integration of sequential or sensor-based data are essential for practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"3-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Emergency Department to Daily Life: A 12-Month Comparison of Fall Risk and Physical Function in Older Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Laura Himmelmann, Tania Zieschang, Elisa-Marie Speckmann, Nina Marie Schmidt, Tim Stuckenschneider","doi":"10.1159/000549207","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at elevated risk for falls and related complications. However, longitudinal data on fall incidence and functional recovery in high-risk individuals following a severe fall remain limited. This study aimed to compare 12-month fall incidence, cognitive and physical function, and physical activity in older adults with and without probable MCI who presented to the emergency department (ED) after a severe fall but were not hospitalized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from the SeFallED study, a prospective observational study of community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) presenting to the ED due to a fall and discharged within 72 h of a fall. Participants were classified into older adults with and without probable MCI based on Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (cut-off ≤24). Primary outcomes were recurrent falls and those demanding medical attention, assessed monthly via telephone interviews over 12 months. Secondary outcomes included cognitive performance, physical function (Short Physical Performance Battery, gait speed, postural sway), life-space mobility, and physical activity (accelerometry, self-report).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older adults with probable MCI (n = 116) were significantly more likely to experience a recurrent fall (52.6% vs. 36.5%; p = 0.012) and a fall requiring medical attention (33.6% vs. 11.9%; p < 0.001) than older adults without MCI (n = 126), as shown by chi-square tests. RM-ANCOVA indicated that cognitive performance improved in older adults with probable MCI over time, but no significant group differences emerged in physical function or physical activity. Life-space mobility remained consistently lower in older adults with probable MCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite comparable physical function, older adults with probable MCI are at substantially higher risk of experiencing recurrent falls, including falls requiring medical attention. Further research should investigate whether incorporating a cognitive screening in the ED and initiating secondary falls prevention strategies at the earliest opportunity can reduce fall incidence, particularly among older adults with MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"41-53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145603789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Depressive Moods and Oral Frailty in a Frailty Outpatient Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Koki Kawamura, Keisuke Maeda, Shuzo Miyahara, Taku Iwase, Shota Ishino, Yuria Ishida, Hitoshi Kagaya, Hiroyasu Akatsu, Hidenori Arai, Naoharu Mori","doi":"10.1159/000549877","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Depressive moods can lead to a decline in physical function and the development of dementia, resulting in negative outcomes such as the need for long-term care and increased mortality. Similarly, oral frailty highlights the relationship between aging and oral health issues. Depressive moods and oral frailty contribute to the detrimental cycle of frailty and significantly affect the overall health of older adults. Early assessment of these problems and the implementation of appropriate interventions may help prevent and mitigate functional decline. However, the relationship between these two factors in older outpatients has not been sufficiently investigated. We hypothesized that a higher percentage of patients with oral frailty in a medical outpatient clinic would experience depressive moods and aimed to investigate the relationship between these two factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study. Patients aged ≥65 years who visited a frailty outpatient clinic were included in this study. Depressive moods were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15). Oral frailty was assessed using the Oral Frailty Five-item Checklist (OF-5). The associations between depressive moods (GDS-15 ≥5), oral frailty (OF-5 ≥2), and OF-5 sub-items were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 337 patients (mean age: 78.4 ± 6.4 years old) were included. Of these, 126 (37%) had depressive moods, and 168 (50%) had oral frailty. A significantly higher proportion of patients with depressive moods had oral dysfunction, including chewing ability, swallowing function, and dryness, as well as oral frailty. The logistic regression analysis showed that oral frailty was associated with depressive moods with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.13 (95% confidence interval: 1.27-3.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was an association between depressive moods and oral frailty. In addition, a relationship between depressive moods and subjective oral dysfunction, such as chewing ability and dryness, was observed. A longitudinal study is required to address the causal effects of oral frailty on depressive moods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"202-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study of a Multicomponent Interventions in Acute Geriatric Care: Effects on Functional Outcomes and Mobility.","authors":"Lay Khoon Lau, Ting Yu Chang, Michelle Jessica Pereira, Russell Kuok Leong Yoong, Seok Mei Lim, Shi Min Chua, Hoon Woon Audrey Chia, Kar Yen Jane Ho, Ying Hui Dina Ee, Weng Kin Lai, Rui Ping Marian Lee, Bing Kit Chan, Poh Choo Chan, Shu Yi Lydia Au, Yew Yoong Ding, Mei Ying Melanie Tan","doi":"10.1159/000553113","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hospital-induced immobility contributes to functional decline and delirium in older adults. This pilot study evaluated the preliminary efficacy of a multicomponent intervention - Help, Optimise and Mobilise Elders (H.O.M.E) in improving functional mobility among older adults in acute care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study evaluated the H.O.M.E intervention in older inpatients. The intervention group (n = 42) received pre-mobilisation assessments, regular mobilisation, and weekly group physiotherapy and art activities, while the control group (n = 39) received usual care. Functional mobility and independence were assessed at baseline and discharge (maximum walking distance, gait speed, and the Modified Barthel Index). Secondary outcomes included delirium incidence and hospital length of stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Linear regression showed the intervention group had significantly greater improvement in Modified Barthel Index scores than controls (B = 4.19, 95% CI: 0.60-7.79, p = 0.02), with no significant differences in gait speed, maximum walking distance, hospital stay or costs. Unadjusted logistic regression indicated that the intervention group had 65% lower odds of self-reported functional decline at 30 days post-discharge (odds ratio = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.12-0.99, p = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The H.O.M.E intervention improved functional independence during hospitalisation and may reduce medium-term functional decline, although limited post-discharge benefits highlight the need for continued care beyond hospitalisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"667-675"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}