Gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of a New Phytocompassion on the Contractile Activity of Lymph Nodes in Old Animals.","authors":"Georgiy Demchenko, Sayagul Kairgeldina, Madina Baurzhan, Serik Abdreshov, Ulbossin Kozhaniyazova, Bayan Nurmakhanova","doi":"10.1159/000550446","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Currently, herbal preparations are widely used in medicine due to their safety and effectiveness in the treatment of certain diseases. The purpose of the study was to study the contractile activity of isolated lymph nodes during animal aging, as well as under the influence of a new method of herbal medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the experiments, lymph nodes were taken from old animals. And on these isolated nodes, before and after exposure to the bioactive composition, their contractile activity was studied. For this, a highly sensitive installation with a recording device was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of our bioactive phytocomposition on the cervical and tracheobronchial lymph nodes increased their contractile activity - a decrease in the frequency and an increase in the amplitude of contractions were observed. An activating effect of the contractile activity of the lymph nodes on adrenaline, acetylcholine, and histamine was observed under the influence of the phytocomposition. The study revealed a predominant effect on the tracheobronchial lymph nodes than on the cervical ones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phytocorrection was effective in stabilizing the components of the lymph nodes, which maintained their contractile function at an adequate level. The composition is a geroprotector, and the biologically active substances in the phytocomposition correct and stimulate the lymph nodes' own transport function. Stimulation of the contractile activity of the lymph nodes is an important link in the anti-aging of the body. This phytocorrection can have a wider application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146029314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypharmacy following Dementia Diagnoses in Vietnam: Results from Real-World Data in Outpatient Settings.","authors":"Minh Tuan Hoang, Ngoc Thi Le, Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen, Thuy-Dung Nguyen, Thanh Xuan Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Nguyen, Thu Kim Dang, Binh Thanh Nguyen, Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen, Thang Pham, Anh Trung Nguyen, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Huyen Thi Thanh Vu","doi":"10.1159/000550017","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Polypharmacy might be clinically appropriate if it improves health outcomes of people with dementia. However, polypharmacy was associated with higher risks of impairment in cognitive, physical, and emotional abilities. Several studies on polypharmacy among people with dementia were performed globally but not in Vietnam. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of polypharmacy among people with dementia in Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included outpatient individuals who were diagnosed with dementia between January 1, 2023, and April 15, 2024, in the Vietnam National Geriatric Hospital. Data were extracted from medical records, including dementia diagnosis, drug utilization, medical history before dementia diagnosis, comorbidities, and sociodemographic. The monthly quantity of drugs used was categorized as \"no polypharmacy\" 0-4 drugs, \"polypharmacy\" ≥5 drugs, and \"hyperpolypharmacy\" ≥10 drugs. The primary outcome was the incidence of polypharmacy following dementia diagnosis. The prescription of potentially inappropriate medications in people with dementia, identified using the American Geriatrics Society Beers criteria, was also evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to find associated risk factors of polypharmacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up from dementia diagnosis to June 30, 2024, there were 64 people having polypharmacy (median age at dementia diagnosis 73.5, 68.8% females) and 342 people without polypharmacy (median age at dementia diagnosis 74.0, 64.0% females). Age at dementia diagnosis, sex, regions of residence, and education were not associated with having polypharmacy in people with dementia. Compared to people with Alzheimer's disease, significantly higher probabilities of having polypharmacy were seen in people with vascular dementia (odds ratio [OR] 4.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.16-9.92) and other dementias (OR 4.61, 95% CI 2.31-9.18). People with dementia at severe stage were at lower chance of having polypharmacy (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05-0.63). Potentially inappropriate medications were more frequent in the polypharmacy group (n = 27, 42.2%), compared to the non-polypharmacy group (n = 59, 17.3%). Prescribing antipsychotics in the polypharmacy group doubled that in the non-polypharmacy group (34.4% versus 16.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower incidence of polypharmacy among people with dementia compared to previous studies might either imply the improvement in managing the prescription of potentially inappropriate medications or be underestimated by not including inpatient individuals. Future studies are necessary to clarify the impact of polypharmacy on health outcomes of people with dementia. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"211-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12845518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145742157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population-Based Structural Evidence: Triadic Effects of Periodontitis, Depression, and Biological Aging on Cognitive Health.","authors":"Dawei Zhang, Shijie Zhu, Zhaobiao Zong, Lijian Jin, Patrick Rijkschroeff","doi":"10.1159/000551180","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Cognitive impairment represents critical public health challenges in aging societies. This study investigated periodontitis, depression, and biological aging's triadic effects on cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Structural equation modeling (SEM) and relative weight analysis (RWA) were applied to analyze data from 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (N = 1,816). Cognitive function, periodontitis, depression, and biological age (PhenoAge) were assessed with covariates adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SEM revealed periodontitis severity, depressive symptoms, and PhenoAge advancement exhibited significant direct associations with lower cognitive performance after covariate adjustment. Simultaneously, biological aging partially mediated the influence of both depression and periodontitis on cognitive outcomes. RWA showed dominated cognitive variance, while periodontitis, depression, and PhenoAge contributed significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This supports triadic interdependencies where biological aging partially mediates the associations between periodontitis/depression and cognition. Prioritizing periodontal care and mental health may mitigate cognitive decline, especially in low-resource settings. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13075863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000549039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000549039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145488422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocardiographic markers in Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome.","authors":"Joe Verghese, Sharika Sreeram, Vijin Joseph, Dristi Adhikari, Alben Sigamani, Helena M Blumen, V G Pradeep Kumar, Emmeline Ayers","doi":"10.1159/000544121","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Presence of cardiovascular disease is linked to the prevalence and incidence of Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome (MCR), a pre-dementia syndrome characterized by cognitive complaints and slow gait. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) may offer a cost-effective, non-invasive, and reliable method for detecting cardiovascular abnormalities in individuals with MCR. This approach can not only diagnose cardiovascular disease but also facilitate timely interventions to prevent further cognitive decline in MCR cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the association of ECG abnormalities with prevalent MCR in 451 older adults with ECGs participating in the Kerala Einstein Study (KES), based in Indian state of Kerala. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex were used to examine associations, and reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ECG abnormalities were present in 191 (42.4%) participants. Of the 43 participants diagnosed with MCR, 23 (53.5%) had ECG abnormalities. Abnormal Q waves (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.7-14.9) and heart block (OR 6.0, 95% CI 2.1-17.4) were more common in individuals with MCR compared to controls. There were no statistically significant group differences in the prevalence of other ECG abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECG abnormalities are common in MCR patients, and can be considered for cardiovascular disease risk-stratification in MCR cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 4","pages":"292-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foot and Footwear Considerations for Older People: A Special Article Collection for Gerontology.","authors":"Hylton B Menz, Yvonne M Golightly","doi":"10.1159/000542899","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"47-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Serum Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio and Readmission in Elderly Heart Failure Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Leilei Guo, Li Liu, Tianwen Li, Lina Cai, Li Hu, Yueshan Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000542616","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the serum albumin-to-serum creatinine ratio (sACR) and readmission in elderly heart failure patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the PhysioNet Restricted Health Data database. The exposure variable was sACR and the outcome variable readmission. Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to assess the independent association between sACR and readmission. Smooth curve fits were applied to examine the nonlinear relationship. We employed multiple imputation and E-value sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included 1,725 participants, of whom 40.6% were male, 59.2% were aged 60-79 years, and 40.8% were aged 80 years and older. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that for each unit increase in sACR, the 28-day readmission rate decreased by 48% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.95, p = 0.003). The 28-day readmission rate was significantly higher in the low sACR group (sACR <0.32) than in the high sACR group (sACR >0.51) (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.3-0.76, p = 0.002). Similar results were observed for 3-month and 9-month readmission. Subgroup analysis showed no significant interactions. A nonlinear relationship was observed between the sACR and readmission. Sensitivity analyses have confirmed the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a negative association between sACR and readmission in Chinese heart failure patients. Our study may offer novel insights into the management of heart failure readmissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"28-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnosis of Osteoporosis, Including Opportunistic Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Ling Wang, Daniele Diacinti, Davide Diacinti, Salvatore Minisola, Liu Yajun","doi":"10.1159/000545961","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease with a high prevalence in the elderly population. The diagnosis is straightforward when a fragility fracture at major skeletal sites (hip, vertebrae, humerus, distal radius) occurs. However, the diagnosis may be challenging in the absence of fractures or when, even with a fracture (morphometric vertebral), no symptoms are reported by the patient.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In recent years, there has been a huge advancement in diagnostic imaging modalities with particular interest in measuring skeletal resistance. Each technique has inherent advantages and disadvantages. In this narrative review, we discuss all diagnostic modalities from bone mineral density to more sophisticated techniques.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>It is hoped that a greater utilization of opportunistic CT will increase patient screening with consequent advantages for patient care and future fraction prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying New Risk Factors for Comorbidities in the Elderly.","authors":"Yuge Jiang, Ping Liu, Yi Liu, Zhuyun Gong, Longhe Xu","doi":"10.1159/000545175","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This is a cross-sectional design to evaluate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) as novel biomarkers for assessing the risk of geriatric comorbidities. Based on data from 316 patients with geriatric comorbidities, participants were selected through hospital records according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome measures include the impact of HDL-C and FBG levels on the severity of comorbidities and the calibration and decision utility of the nomogram prediction model. The study also explores the clinical value of the nomogram model in managing the risk of geriatric comorbidities amidst the aging population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple statistical methods, including logistic regression, Lasso regression, and calibration analysis, were used to assess the associations of the above factors and evaluate the performance of the nomogram prediction model. The model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in internal and external validation, with nearly perfect calibration performance observed in the external validation. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the model's high clinical utility and benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HDL-C was significantly negatively associated with the risk of geriatric comorbidities (odds ratio [OR] = 0.387, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.286-0.547, p < 0.05), while FBG was positively associated with comorbidity risk (OR = 1.050, 95% CI: 1.129-2.136, p < 0.05). The nomogram model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in internal and external validation, with nearly perfect calibration performance observed in the external validation. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the model's high clinical utility and benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of HDL-C and FBG as critical biomarkers for assessing comorbidity risk in the elderly and reveals the potential application of the nomogram prediction model in the risk prediction and management of elderly comorbidities. These findings support using these indicators in predicting and intervening comorbidities in the elderly, providing substantial evidence for further research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"488-502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia Is Poorly Documented in Geriatric Rehabilitation Inpatients: Restoring Health of Acutely Unwell Adults (RESORT).","authors":"Thang Dao, Cheng Hwee Soh, Esmee M Reijnierse, Lihuan Guan, Andrea B Maier","doi":"10.1159/000543620","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older inpatients. However, it is unclear if sarcopenia is documented routinely in geriatric rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate the documentation of sarcopenia in medical records among geriatric rehabilitation patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Geriatric rehabilitation inpatients in a statewide hospital in VIC, Australia, were included. Patient characteristics, muscle measurements, and medical records at admission and discharge were collected. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Patient characteristics were compared between the groups with documented and non-documented sarcopenia using the Wilcoxon rank-sum or chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,890 geriatric rehabilitation inpatients (aged 83.4 [interquartile range: 77.6-88.4] years, 56.3% female), muscle measurements were available in 1,334 patients at admission. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.8% (n = 278). Sarcopenia was documented in 68 out of 1,890 patients; 23 of them did not have muscle mass or muscle strength measured. Forty-five patients with muscle measurements available were documented with sarcopenia either at discharge from acute admissions (n = 9), on rehabilitation admission (n = 25), or at discharge from rehabilitation (n = 26). Of these 45 patients, 8 patients had sarcopenia following the EWGSOP2 criteria. Compared with patients without sarcopenia documented, patients documented with sarcopenia had lower body mass index and sarcopenia screening (Strength, Assistance in Walking, Rise from a Chair, Climb Stairs, Falls History [SARC-F]) scores and higher Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores and were likely to come from nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Documentation of sarcopenia was lower than the prevalence of sarcopenia in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. Sarcopenia was incorrectly documented as data on muscle measurement were missing to define sarcopenia. Practitioners likely used clinical impressions to document sarcopenia, rather than the formal diagnostic criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 3","pages":"203-213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}