Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Increasing plant diversity enhances soil organic carbon storage in typical wetlands of northern China.","authors":"Hua-Bing Liu, Li-Ping Yang, Jun-Qin Gao, Qian-Wei Li, Xing-Li Li, Jiu-Ge Feng, Fei-Hai Yu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1467621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1467621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil organic carbon plays an important role in climate change mitigation, and can be strongly affected by plant diversity. Although a positive effect of plant diversity on soil organic carbon storage has been confirmed in grasslands and forests, it remains unclear whether this effect exists in wetlands. In this study, we investigated plant diversity, soil properties and soil organic carbon across five typical wetlands of northern China, to test the effect of plant diversity on soil organic carbon and clarified the regulators. Increasing plant diversity significantly increased belowground biomass of wetland plant communities, and both soil organic carbon content and storage were significantly positively related to wetland plant diversity. The positive effect of plant diversity was influenced by belowground biomass of wetland plant communities, soil microbial biomass carbon, and soil properties, especially soil water content and bulk density. The structural equation model showed that soil organic carbon storage was dominantly affected by microbial biomass carbon, plant diversity and biomass, with standardized total effects of 0.66 and 0.47, respectively, and there was a significant positive relationship between soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon. These results suggest that increasing plant diversity can potentially promote the ability of wetlands to store organic carbon in soils. The findings highlight the importance of plant diversity on soil organic carbon in wetland ecosystems, and have implications for managing wetlands to increase carbon sinks and to mitigate global climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1467621"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing nitrogen use efficiency of diverse Canadian spring wheat cultivars.","authors":"Kate A Congreves, Olivia Otchere, Pierre J Hucl","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1439395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1439395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decades of wheat breeding have provided growers with numerous high-yielding options, but it is unknown if these yield improvements are likewise characterized with improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Fertilizer nitrogen (N) is an ever-increasing expense, so improving NUE by reducing the requirement for N fertilizer without risking yield and quality is necessary. The goal of our research is to identify cultivars and associated traits that may improve NUE while maintaining productivity. We compared 25 spring wheat cultivars over a three-year period (2020, 2021, 2022) at two field sites differing in background soil N level for the ability to use fertilizer-N and allocate it to the grain. To do so, we employed the ¹⁵N stable isotope technique to trace the flow of fertilizer-N and determine the ¹⁵N recovery efficiency (¹⁵NRE). The ¹⁵NRE in the grain averaged 25.0% at the higher soil N site, and 15.5% at the lower soil N site. At the higher soil N site only, dwarfing alleles (Rht-B1b) were associated with greater ¹⁵NRE. Grain ¹⁵NRE was positively associated with yield, grain N content, and the ¹⁵N harvest index (¹⁵NHI) at the high soil N environment, but never at the low soil N environment. Our findings support the notion that the genetic development of high yielding semi-dwarf cultivars also translates into an improved ability to recover fertilizer-N-but this outcome is only expressed only under rich soil N conditions. Cultivars that simultaneously produced higher ¹⁵NRE and yields, grain N, or ¹⁵NHI differed by environment; possibly suggesting different mechanisms for improving crop NUE depending on background soil N level. Ultimately, cultivar-specific ¹⁵NRE information, including that presented here, will be useful breeders to design new crosses and approaches aimed at increasing NUE for spring wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1439395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of protein interactions between pine and pine wood nematode using deep learning and multi-dimensional feature fusion.","authors":"Liuyan Wang, Rongguang Li, Xuemei Guan, Shanchun Yan","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1489116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1489116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pine Wilt Disease (PWD) is a devastating forest disease that has a serious impact on ecological balance ecological. Since the identification of plant-pathogen protein interactions (PPIs) is a critical step in understanding the pathogenic system of the pine wilt disease, this study proposes a Multi-feature Fusion Graph Attention Convolution (MFGAC-PPI) for predicting plant-pathogen PPIs based on deep learning. Compared with methods based on single-feature information, MFGAC-PPI obtains more 3D characterization information by utilizing AlphaFold and combining protein sequence features to extract multi-dimensional features via Transform with improved GCN. The performance of MFGAC-PPI was compared with the current representative methods of sequence-based, structure-based and hybrid characterization, demonstrating its superiority across all metrics. The experiments showed that learning multi-dimensional feature information effectively improved the ability of MFGAC-PPI in plant and pathogen PPI prediction tasks. Meanwhile, a pine wilt disease PPI network consisting of 2,688 interacting protein pairs was constructed based on MFGAC-PPI, which made it possible to systematically discover new disease resistance genes in pine trees and promoted the understanding of plant-pathogen interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1489116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single/joint effects of pyrene and heavy metals in contaminated soils on the growth and physiological response of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.).","authors":"Yuhui Wang, Muhammad A Imran, Juanjuan Zhao, Muhammad Sultan, Manjie Li","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1505670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1505670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and toxic heavy metals in soils is having harmful effects on food crops and the environment. However, the defense mechanisms and capacity of plants to counteract these substances have not been comprehensively explored, necessitating a systematic categorization of their inhibitory effects. Accordingly, an experimental investigation was conducted to examine the growth and physiological response of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) to different concentrations and combinations of pyrene, copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd), with an indicator developed to assess the joint stress. The results showed that 57-day culture with contaminations significantly inhibited the plant biomass via causing root cell necrosis, inducing lipid peroxidation, and damaging photosynthesis. Cd (50-100 mg/kg) induced stronger inhibition than Cu (800-1000 mg/kg) under both single and joint stress, and their co-existence further aggravated the adverse effects and generated synergetic inhibition. Although the presence of pyrene at a low concentration (5-50 mg/kg) can somewhat diminish the metal stress, the elevated pollutant concentrations (400-750 mg/kg pyrene, 50-100 mg/kg Cd, and 800-1000 mg/kg Cu) switched the antagonistic effect to additive inhibition on maize growth. A satisfactory tolerance of a low-level pyrene and/or metal stress was determined, associated with a relative stability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content and antioxidant enzymes activity. Nevertheless, the photosynthesis and antioxidant system were significantly damaged with increasing contaminant concentrations, resulting in chlorosis and biomass reduction. These findings could provide valuable knowledge for ensuring crop yield and food quality as well as implementing soil phytoremediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1505670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11648570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptomics of a generalist aphid, <i>Myzus persicae</i> and a specialist aphid, <i>Lipaphis erysimi</i> reveals molecular signatures associated with diversity of their feeding behaviour and other attributes.","authors":"Manvi Sharma, Praveen Kumar Oraon, Rakesh Srivastava, Rubina Chongtham, Shailendra Goel, Manu Agarwal, Arun Jagannath","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1415628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1415628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aphids are phloem sap-sucking insects and are a serious destructive pest of several crop plants. Aphids are categorized as \"generalists\" or \"specialists\" depending on their host range. <i>Myzus persicae</i> (Sulz.) is a generalist aphid with a broad host range while <i>Lipaphis erysimi</i> (Kalt.), a specialist aphid, has a narrow host range. Aphid infestation involves several sequential stages including host recognition and selection, overcoming primary plant defence barriers, feeding on phloem sap and detoxification of host defence responses. Information on the molecular basis of variations between generalist and specialist aphids with reference to the above processes is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the current study, we generated transcriptome data of <i>M. persicae</i> and <i>L. erysimi</i> from adult and nymph stages and analysed the differential expression of genes between adults of the generalist and specialist aphid and similarly, between nymphs of the two aphid species. We categorized these differentially expressed genes into nine different categories namely, chemosensation-related, plant cell wall degrading enzymes, detoxification-related, digestive enzymes, peptidases, carbohydrate-, lipid-, amino acid-metabolism and reproduction. We also identified putative effector molecules in both <i>M. persicae</i> and <i>L. erysimi</i> from the transcriptome data.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Gene expression analysis identified 7688 and 8194 differentially expressed unigenes at adult and nymph stages, respectively of <i>M. persicae</i> and <i>L. erysimi. M. persicae</i> showed significantly higher levels of expression in a greater number of unigenes (5112 in adults and 5880 in nymphs) in contrast to the specialist, <i>L. erysimi</i> (2576 in adults and 2314 in nymphs) in both developmental stages. In addition, <i>M. persicae</i> displayed a greater number (350 in adults and 331 in nymphs) of upregulated unigenes involved in important processes such as host recognition, plant cell wall degradation, detoxification, digestion and metabolism, which correlate with its dynamic and polyphagous nature in contrast to the specialist (337 in adults and 251 in nymphs). We also observed a greater number of putative effectors in <i>M. persicae</i> (948 in adults and 283 in nymphs) than <i>L. erysimi</i> (797 in adults and 245 in nymphs). Based on our analysis, we conclude that the generalist aphid, <i>M. persicae</i> has a more diversified and stronger arsenal of genes that influence its polyphagous feeding behaviour and effective response to plant defence mechanisms against insect-herbivory. Our study provides a compendium of such candidate genes that would be most useful in studies on aphid biology, evolution and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1415628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11648428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key role played by mesophyll conductance in limiting carbon assimilation and transpiration of potato under soil water stress.","authors":"Quentin Beauclaire, Florian Vanden Brande, Bernard Longdoz","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1500624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1500624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The identification of the physiological processes limiting carbon assimilation under water stress is crucial for improving model predictions and selecting drought-tolerant varieties. However, the influence of soil water availability on photosynthesis-limiting processes is still not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the origins of photosynthesis limitations on potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) during a field drought experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were performed at the leaf level to determine the response of photosynthesis-limiting factors to the decrease in the relative extractable water (REW) in the soil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Drought induced a two-stage response with first a restriction of CO₂ diffusion to chloroplasts induced by stomatal closure and a decrease in mesophyll conductance, followed by a decrease in photosynthetic capacities under severe soil water restrictions. Limitation analysis equations were revisited and showed that mesophyll conductance was the most important constraint on carbon and water exchanges regardless of soil water conditions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We provide a calibration of the response of stomatal and non-stomatal factors to REW to improve the representation of drought effects in models. These results emphasize the need to revisit the partitioning methods to unravel the physiological controls on photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under water stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1500624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining two main <i>NAL1</i> functional alleles can increase rice yield.","authors":"Xiang Ouyang, Shuoqi Chang, Xiaoling Ma","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1505679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1505679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>NARROW LEAF1</i> (<i>NAL1</i>) is one of the key genes in regulating photosynthesis and plant architecture. As the antagonistic effects of <i>NAL1</i> have concurrent impacts on photosynthesis and yield component traits, how we can effectively utilize the <i>NAL1</i> gene to further increase rice yield is not clear. In this study, we used two different main functional <i>NAL1</i> alleles, each of which has previously been proven to have specifically advantageous traits, and tested whether the combined <i>NAL1</i> alleles have a higher yield than the homozygous alleles. Our results exhibited that the combined <i>NAL1</i> alleles had better parent heterosis (BPH) for panicle number and the total filled grain number per plant, and had middle parent heterosis (MPH) for spikelet number per panicle without affecting thousand-grain weight when compared with the homozygous alleles. In consequence, the <i>NAL1</i> hybrid plants displayed highly increased grain yield compared with both homozygous parents. The hybrid plants also had better plant architecture and higher canopy photosynthesis. Western blot and proteomics results showed the hybrid plants had a middle abundant NAL1 protein level, and the upregulated proteins were mainly involved in the nucleus and DNA binding process but the downregulated proteins were mainly involved in the oxidation-reduction process, single-organism metabolic process, and fatty acid biosynthetic process. Furthermore, the hybrid vigor effect of <i>NAL1</i> was confirmed by substituting the mutual male parent 9311 with 9311-NIL in two super hybrid rice varieties (LYP9 and YLY1). This study demonstrates that we can achieve a higher level of grain production in hybrid rice by using the heterosis of <i>NAL1</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1505679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate analysis between environmental factors and fruit quality of citrus at the core navel orange-producing area in China.","authors":"Xiaoxuan Yu, Chao Du, Xiaojun Wang, Fengying Gao, Jing Lu, Xinyue Di, Xia Zhuang, Chen Cheng, Fengxian Yao","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1510827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1510827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gannan is the largest navel orange production area in China. Most studies have primarily focused on the effects of either soil or topographic factors on the quality of navel oranges. However, there has been a lack of research exploring the relationship between navel orange quality and multiple environmental factors (meteorological, topographic, and soil). This study focused on Gannan navel oranges, selecting standard orchards in the core navel orange-producing area as the research region. It employed the Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) method to investigate the extent of the impact of environmental factors on fruit quality. The results indicated that the effect of soil factors on fruit shape and fruit flavor was greater than that of meteorological and topographic factors in the Gannan area. And the fruit peel is more uniformly influenced by environmental factors. Based on the degree of impact of various environmental factors, multiple regression equations for fruit quality have been established to identify the optimal conditions conducive to the comprehensive development of Gannan navel oranges. These findings help determine the optimal planting areas for Gannan navel oranges, providing practical evidence for the future development of navel oranges.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1510827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of grain yield and related traits of extra-early orange maize inbred lines and their hybrids under drought and rain-fed conditions.","authors":"Tégawendé Odette Bonkoungou, Baffour Badu-Apraku, Victor Olawale Adetimirin, Kiswendsida Romaric Nanema, Idris Ishola Adejumobi","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1463924","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1463924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orange maize genotypes are sources of provitamin A (PVA) carotenoids, which are precursors of vitamin A. PVA deficiency and drought constitute major challenges causing increasing food and nutritional insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Breeding of drought-tolerant provitamin A hybrid maize can mitigate these challenges. This study was undertaken to determine the combining ability of newly developed extra-early orange inbreds for grain yield and related traits under managed drought stress and rain-fed conditions, determine the mode of gene action conditioning the inheritance of the traits, and classify the inbreds into heterotic groups.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>One hundred and ninety-six extra-early orange hybrids comprising 180 testcrosses, 10 single crosses, and 6 commercial checks were evaluated under managed drought and rain-fed conditions at Ikenne. In addition, 41 inbreds comprising 36 orange lines and 5 PVA testers involved in the hybrid development were assessed under drought and rain-fed conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The means square for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for grain yield and most other traits under both growing conditions. The contributions of GCA to performance were larger than SCA in each growing condition. Broad-sense and narrow-sense heritability estimates for grain yield were 66% and 37% under managed drought and 88% and 32% under rain-fed conditions, respectively. Mid-parent heterosis and better-parent heterosis for grain yield were 338% and 247% under managed drought, while 173% and 137% under rain-fed conditions. Significant positive correlations existed among grain yield of hybrids, heterosis, and specific combining ability under managed drought. The 41 inbred lines were classified into three heterotic groups under both growing conditions. Sixteen testcross hybrids out-yielded the best commercial check under managed drought.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The testcross hybrids have great potential for commercialization to address the problem of drought and PVA deficiency in SSA. Inbred TZEEIOR 510 showed desirable GCA effects for grain yield and 04 other traits under drought.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1463924"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the effects of far-red light on lettuce photosynthesis and growth using a 3D modelling approach.","authors":"Jiawei Li, Yuanyuan Li, Yunke Chen, Shipu Xu, Xue Wu, Cuinan Wu, Ningyi Zhang, Kai Cao","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1492431","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1492431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vertical farms, the supplementation of far-red light has been widely applied to regulate plant growth and development. However, the relative contribution of far-red to photosynthesis and plant growth in indoor production systems is not sufficiently quantified. This study quantify the photosynthesis and growth responses under different levels of supplemental far-red in lettuce using a 3D modelling approach. Lettuce were cultivated under either white light or red to far-red (R:FR) ratio of 1.6 or 0.8. Measurements of plant morphological traits, leaf photosynthesis, and organ fresh and dry mass were taken and the 3D modelling approach was used to simulate plant photosynthesis and biomass accumulation. Results showed that leaf elevation angle, leaf expansion rate, and plant height significantly increased at each growth stage as the R:FR ratio decreased. Far-red light also promoted plant growth, leading to an increase in the dry and fresh weight of lettuce throughout the entire growth period. However, plants cultivated at low R:FR showed reduced maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate and maximum electron transport rate, which indicated that far-red light reduced the photosynthetic capacity in lettuce. Nevertheless, 3D model simulations demonstrated that plants exposed to enhanced far-red light exhibited increased light interception and whole-plant photosynthesis. The integrated analysis of photosynthetic parameters and plant morphological changes on the photosynthetic rate of the whole plant indicated that the positive effects of plant morphological changes outweighed the negative impacts of photosynthetic parameters. These results implied that far-red light-induced morphological changes enhanced light interception and whole-plant photosynthesis, thereby increased lettuce yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1492431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}