Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Genome-wide association analysis of grain iron and zinc in rice grown under agroclimatic sites with contrasting soil iron status.","authors":"Sonu, Amit Kumar, Vikram Jeet Singh, Prolay Kumar Bhowmick, Shekharappa Nandakumar, Sunaina Yadav, Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan, Ranjith Kumar Ellur, Haritha Bollinedi, Ashok Kumar Singh, Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1501878","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1501878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Iron (Fe) content in soil can influence rice cultivation, inciting responses ranging from deficiency to toxicity. Fe toxicity is a major constraint, particularly in areas where acidic soils predominate. Grain Fe content along with Zn is a major contemporary breeding objective in rice in order to tackle micronutrient deficiency. There is no information available on the influence of soil Fe levels, normal and excess, can influence grain micronutrient contents, particularly in rice genotypes that are tolerant to excess soil Fe.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a subset of 170 rice germplasm lines from the 3K panel were evaluated for grain Fe and Zn concentrations in brown rice across three different locations. Additionally, the response of these lines to Fe toxicity was assessed at one location.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant phenotypic variation for both traits was observed. Fe toxicity led to increased grain Fe content but decreased Fe uptake efficiency (IAE), suggesting an adaptive mechanism to limit excess Fe absorption in the rhizosphere. Five significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with grain Fe (<i>qGFe1.1</i> ^ADT, <i>qGFe2.1</i> ^BPN-S, <i>qGFe8.1</i> ^ADT, <i>qGFe12.1</i> ^ADT, and <i>qGFe12.2</i> ^BPN-N) were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 8, and 12, while one SNP associated with grain Zn (<i>qGZn12.1</i> ^BPN-N) was detected on chromosome 12. These SNPs co-localized with major genes and QTLs involved in heavy-metal homeostasis and transport, including <i>OsMT2D</i> and <i>Os12g0435000</i>. Superior haplotypes for two candidate genes were identified, with the analysis revealing their frequencies and allelic effects in different subgroups. Two marker-trait associations (MTAs), <i>qGFe12.1</i> ^ADT and <i>qGZn12.1</i> ^BPN-N, were validated in an F_2:3 population using linked SSR markers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These validated MTAs provide valuable genetic resources for biofortification breeding programs aimed at increasing Fe and Zn concentrations in rice grains, addressing micronutrient deficiencies among rice-dependent populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1501878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual role of pectin methyl esterase activity in the regulation of plant cell wall biophysical properties.","authors":"Marçal Gallemí, Juan Carlos Montesinos, Nikola Zarevski, Jan Pribyl, Petr Skládal, Edouard Hannezo, Eva Benková","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1612366","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1612366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acid-growth theory has been postulated in the 70s to explain the rapid elongation of plant cells in response to the hormone auxin. More recently, it has been demonstrated that activation of the proton ATPs pump (H⁺-ATPs) promoting acidification of the apoplast is the principal mechanism by which auxin and other hormones such as brassinosteroids (BR) induce cell elongation. Despite these advances, the impact of this acidification on the mechanical properties of the cell wall remained largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we use elongation assays of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> hypocotyls and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to correlate hormone-induced tissue elongation and local changes in cell wall mechanical properties. Furthermore, employing transgenic lines over-expressing Pectin Methyl Esterase (PME), along with calcium chelators, we investigate the effect of pectin modification in hormone-driven cell elongation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that acidification of apoplast is necessary and sufficient to induce cell elongation through promoting cell wall softening. Moreover, we show that enhanced PME activity can induce both cell wall softening or stiffening in extracellular calcium dependent-manner and that tight control of PME activity is required for proper hypocotyl elongation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results confirm a dual role of PME in plant cell elongation. However, further investigation is needed to assess the status of pectin following short- or long-term PME treatments in order to determine if pectin methyl-esterification might promote its degradation as well as the role of PME inhibitors upon PME induction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1612366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of nanoparticles for salinity stress management and biofortification in wheat: a review of dual approaches and insights.","authors":"Abhishek Singh, Roland Bol, Viktoriia Lovynska, Rupesh Kumar Singh, João Ricardo Sousa, Karen Ghazaryan","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1592866","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1592866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity stress is one of the most challenging constraints affecting wheat production, limiting both yield and nutritional quality. Wheat is one of the most important staple cereals as well as a major source of carbohydrates for a considerable portion of the world population, yet wheat has suffered from significant productivity constraints due to salt stress. Such stress adversely affects germination, vegetative growth, reproductive organ development, enzymatic activity, photosynthesis photostability, and hormonal equilibrium, eventually causing oxidative stress and drastic loss of crop yield. Furthermore, the reducing nutritional quality of wheat further aggravates the issues regarding malnutrition and food security, highlighting the need for effective mitigation strategies. Although various methods have been investigated, including plant breeding, genetic engineering, and agronomic management, they are labor, cost, and time-intensive. Nanotechnology is a novel, eco-friendly and efficient approach for controlling salinity stress and improving crop biofortification. Some common methods of applications of nanotechnology-based products like nanoparticles (NPs) are foliar spraying, soil amendments and seed priming, which have shown considerable promise in improving salinity stress resistance, nutrient absorption, and wheat yield. This review outlines the extent of contribution of NPs in alleviating salinity stress, as well as the enhancement of the nutritional qualities of wheat. This work uniquely combines both salinity stress adaptation and nanofortification strategies under one framework that filling crucial information gaps. Investigating the mechanisms underlying NPs interaction with plant systems is essential for designing effective, green, and cost-efficient nanotechnology tools for sustainable wheat production. In the long run, this knowledge will aid sustainable agricultural practices and food security worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1592866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the physiological and ultrastructural responses of wheat to combat cobalt stress and the protective role of <i>Jania rubens</i> related to antioxidant defense and cellular integrity.","authors":"Gehad A Ragab, Afaf A Nessem, Mostafa E Elshobary, Joachim Henjes, Esraa O Razzaky","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1621482","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1621482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cobalt (Co), while beneficial in trace amounts for biological systems, can severely impact plant growth at elevated levels in contaminated soils. This study investigated the physiological, biochemical and subcellular effects of Co toxicity on wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) and evaluated, for the first time, the protective potential of <i>Jania rubens</i> extract. The algal extract analysis demonstrated its rich content of amino acids, minerals, phytohormones, and fatty acids. Wheat seedlings were subjected to cobalt chloride (150 mM) irrigation, which was previously primed with either water or <i>J. rubens</i> extract. Co stress significantly impaired growth by reducing water content and essential nutrients (K, Mg, and Fe), leading to a 42.42 and 23.8% decrease, respectively, in root and shoot biomasses, a 9% reduction in photosynthetic efficiency, visible chlorosis, and root thickening. Stress exposure also induced oxidative damage, shown by 67.1% increase in hydrogen peroxide and a 170.1% rise in malondialdehyde content, accompanied by membrane leakage and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed morphophysiological and biochemical disruptions at the cellular level. Priming with <i>J. rubens</i> extract significantly alleviated these effects by enhancing nutrient uptake, increasing root and shoot biomasses by 78.94% and 58.33%, respectively, reducing oxidative damage and maintaining cellular homeostasis. It also preserved chloroplast structure, nucleus, and cell wall microtubules, maintaining overall cellular integrity and antioxidant efficiency. Our findings demonstrate that <i>Jania rubens</i> extract offers a promising and novel biogenic strategy for enhancing wheat resilience to cobalt contamination through its nutritional and antioxidant properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1621482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chito-oligosaccharide composites enhanced the adaptability of cotton seedlings to salinized soil by modulating photosynthetic efficiency and metabolite.","authors":"Mengjie An, Linlin Zhang, Qianqian Wang, Kaidi Ren, Qinjuan Wang, Dongmei Lin, Yongqi Zhu, Yonghong Fan","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1615321","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1615321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agricultural production on salinized lands is an important direction of current agricultural research. Chito-oligosaccharide has been used as an excellent soil amendment in recent years. However, the mechanism of chito-oligosaccharide composites (COS-PA) impacting cotton seedlings on salinized lands is still unclear. In this study, the metabolic mechanism of COS-PA regulating cotton salt stress resistance was investigated by measuring seedling growth, leaf ion content, photosynthetic characteristics, and widely-targeted metabolic profiles. The results showed that salt stress reduced the contents of K⁺ and Ca²⁺ and enhanced the content of Na⁺ in cotton leaves compared to the control, which inhibited leaf photosynthesis and seedling growth. COS-PA application decreased leaf Na⁺ content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%, and increased the leaf Ca²⁺ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively, compared with the no COS-PA application treatment. COS-PA application regulated the abundances of key leaf metabolites (L-lactic acid, Succinic acid, Methylmalonic acid, Aconitic acid, Citraconic acid), alleviating the salt stress. Therefore, COS-PA application could improve cotton seedling's salt stress resistance by adjusting the growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, and carbohydrate metabolism of cotton seedlings. The research will advance understanding of mechanisms by which COS-PA regulates the salt stress resistance of cotton seedlings and offer a scientific basis for salinized soil remediation and cotton yield improvement in arid areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1615321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated CO₂ decreases micronutrient Zn but not Fe in vegetables - evidence from a meta-analysis.","authors":"Xiaolin Wang, Shengmin Zhang, Haichao Li, Gijs Du Laing, Monica Odlare, Jan Skvaril","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1509102","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1509102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels continuing to rise in the coming decades and threatening agro-ecosystems worldwide, it is crucial to understand the impact of elevated CO₂ on global food production and security. Elevated CO₂ levels have been found to reduce micronutrients such as Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) in staple crops, potentially exacerbating the already existing global micronutrient deficiency issue. However, as vegetables serve as another key source of micronutrients, it remains uncertain to what extent this negative effect on micronutrient levels also applies to them. To address this, we investigated the effects of elevated CO₂ on Zn and Fe in vegetables using a meta-analysis. As expected, we found a significant increase (27%, 95% CI: 14-41%) in vegetable biomass production under elevated CO₂ levels. Elevated CO₂ (i) significantly reduced overall Zn concentration in vegetables by 8.9% (95% CI: 4-14%), while this effect was pronounced only in fruit vegetables (11%), but not in leafy and stem vegetables; (ii) consistently exhibited minimal effects on Fe concentration in vegetables. In the context of climate change with rising CO₂ levels, these findings suggest that elevated CO₂ could potentially exacerbate Zn deficiencies through vegetable consumption, albeit with enhanced vegetable yields. Furthermore, as the global population increasingly adopts vegetarian diets in the future, these results underscore the need for mitigation strategies to address potential future micronutrient deficiencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1509102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis-based metabolomics analysis reveals chemical diversity between two <i>Salvia</i> species.","authors":"Feiyan Wang, Chenyi Li, Haizheng Yu, Dongfeng Yang, Ji Ye, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1613313","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1613313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salvia officinalis</i> is an important dietary supplement that is widely used as a flavor regulator and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge is a famous Chinese herbal medicine for treating cardiovascular diseases. Secondary metabolites with diverse structures endow the two species with various edible and medicinal values. However, the differences in secondary metabolites between the leaves of <i>S. officinalis</i> and <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> are still unclear. Herein, FlavourSpec^® combined with spatial metabolomics was used to explore the distribution patterns of secondary metabolites including volatile and non-volatile components. The results indicated that the chemical compositions of the two <i>Salvia</i> species were significantly different. Specifically, <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge contained high levels of phenolic acid components with a furan ring that can hardly be detected in <i>S. officinalis.</i> The volatile small molecules as well as carnosic acid and its derivatives were found to be major components of <i>S. officinalis</i> leaves. Because of the long-term exposure of leaves to ultraviolet radiation and the same environmental stress, carnosic acid and its derivatives exhibit widespread distribution characteristics in <i>S. officinalis</i> leaves. The work explored the similarities and differences in secondary metabolites of <i>S. officinalis</i> and <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge, providing not only the material basis to develop the application value in dietary nutrition, but also a theoretical foundation for the development and utilization of medicinal resources of <i>Salvia</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1613313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting.","authors":"Jaime A Osorio-Guarín, Jhon A Berdugo-Cely, Gina A Garzón-Martínez, Deisy Lisseth Toloza-Moreno, Paola Delgadillo-Duran, Eliana Y Báez-Daza, Lyndel W Meinhardt, Sunchung Park, Dapeng Zhang, Roxana Yockteng","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1632888","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1632888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cacao germplasm is the cornerstone of sustainable cacao production, underpinning efforts to develop high-yielding, quality-rich, and climate-resilient varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the mislabeling, the genetic redundancy, and diversity of two cacao germplasm banks maintained at the Palmira and La Suiza research centers of the Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), from Colombia. We genotyped 4,653 cacao trees from these collections, and after applying quality control filters, a final set of 77 SNP markers was used for all subsequent analyses. Our results revealed that both collections exhibit a similar pattern of genetic diversity. However, a medium rate of mislabeling (12.4%) and high genetic redundancy (53.1%) were detected, likely due to errors in collecting, introduction, pre-planting labeling, and the use of rootstocks. To optimize the evaluation conserved cacao germplasm, we defined core collections independently, which comprise 246 and 190 samples for Palmira and La Suiza, respectively. This research demonstrates the importance of maintaining a well-classified cacao collection with minimal genetic redundancy, thereby improving accuracy and reducing maintenance costs. This will not only enhance conservation efforts but also enrich the genetic diversity of the collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1632888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf area estimation in small-seeded broccoli using a lightweight instance segmentation framework based on improved YOLOv11-AreaNet.","authors":"Yaben Zhang, Yifan Li, Xiaowei Cao, Zikun Wang, Jiachi Chen, Yingyue Li, Zhibo Zhong, Ruxiao Bai, Peng Yang, Feng Pan, Xiuqing Fu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1622713","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1622713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate leaf area quantification is vital for early phenotyping in small-seeded crops such as broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), where dense, overlapping, and irregular foliage makes traditional measurement methods inefficient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study presents YOLOv11-AreaNet, a lightweight instance segmentation model specifically designed for precise leaf area estimation in small-seeded broccoli seedlings. The model incorporates an EfficientNetV2 backbone, Focal Modulation, C2PSA-iRMB attention, LDConv, and CCFM modules, optimizing spatial sensitivity, multiscale fusion, and computational efficiency. A total of 6,192 germination-stage images were captured using a custom phenotyping system, from which 2,000 were selected and augmented to form a 5,000-image training set. Post-processing techniques-including morphological optimization, edge enhancement, and watershed segmentation-were employed to refine leaf boundaries and compute geometric area.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the original YOLOv11 model, YOLOv11-AreaNet achieves comparable segmentation accuracy while significantly reducing the number of parameters by 57.4% (from 2.84M to 1.21M), floating point operations by 25.9% (from 10.4G to 7.7G), and model weight size by 51.7% (from 6.0MB to 2.9MB), enabling real-time deployment on edge devices. Quantitative validation against manual measurements showed high correlation (R² = 0.983), confirming the system's precision. Additionally, dynamic tracking revealed individual growth differences, with relative leaf area growth rates reaching up to 26.6% during early germination.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>YOLOv11-AreaNet offers a robust and scalable solution for automated leaf area measurement in small-seeded crops, supporting high-throughput screening and intelligent crop monitoring under real-world agricultural conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1622713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of vegetation restoration on soil fungi community structure and assembly process in a semiarid alpine mining region.","authors":"Yuanyuan Xue, Wei Liu, Qi Feng, Meng Zhu, Jutao Zhang, Lingge Wang, Zexia Chen, Xuejiao Li","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1579142","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1579142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding responses of soil fungal community characteristics to vegetation restoration is essential for optimizing artificial restoration strategies in alpine mining ecosystems. Despite its ecological significance, current comprehension regarding the structure composition and assembly mechanisms of soil fungal communities following vegetation restoration in these fragile ecosystems remains insufficient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the high-throughput sequencing and null model analysis to determine the variations and environmental drivers of soil fungal community structures and assembly processes across different restoration chronosequences (natural plant sites, unrestored sites, 2-year restoration sites, and 6-year restoration sites) in a semiarid alpine coal mining region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Artificial vegetation restoration significantly enhanced the α diversity of soil fungal communities while reducing β diversity. However, with prolonged restoration duration, we observed a significant decrease in α diversity accompanied by a corresponding increase in β diversity. Moreover, artificial restoration induced substantial modifications in soil fungal community composition. Taxonomic analysis demonstrated a distinct shift in dominant specialist species from Ascomycota in unrestored, natural plant, and 2-year restoration sites to Glomeromycota in 6-year restoration sites. Dispersal limitation and homogeneity selection were the predominant mechanism governing soil fungal community assembly, with its relative contributions varying significantly across restoration stages. In natural plant communities and unrestored sites, the structure of soil fungal community was primarily governed by dispersal limitation. The 2-year restoration sites exhibited a marked transition, with homogeneous selection emerging as the dominant assembly process, primarily influenced by soil sand content, total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and belowground biomass (BGB). This transition was accompanied by a significant reduction in the contribution of dispersal limitation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>As restoration progressed, the importance of homogeneous selection gradually decreased, while dispersal limitation regained prominence, with community structure being predominantly regulated by soil clay content, soil moisture content (SMC), and TP. Our results underscore the critical role of soil texture and phosphorus availability in shaping soil fungal community dynamics throughout the revegetation process.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1579142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}