Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial communities and soil functionality in artificially remediated vegetation of the three gorges reservoir zone.","authors":"Farkhanada Naz, Muhammad Arif, Tan Xue, Yangyi Chen, Shahid Ullah Khan, Li Changxiao","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1550306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1550306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Riparian zones maintain biodiversity, cyclic nutrients, and regulate water quality. However, their stability is increasingly threatened by human activities such as dam construction and climate variability. This study focuses on the riparian zones of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir (TGDR), a region marked by fluctuating water levels and a subtropical southeast monsoon climate. We investigated the seasonal and vegetation-specific dynamics of soil properties and microbial communities in riparian zones dominated by artificially remediated plants (ARPs) in the TGDR. The selected ARP species included the herbaceous <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> (CD) and <i>Hemarthria altissima</i> (HA), known for their capacity for rapid soil stabilization, and the tree species <i>Salix matsudana</i> (SM) and <i>Taxodium distichum</i> (TD), which enhance nutrient cycling through litter inputs and root exudates. These species were evaluated across spring (T1), summer (T2), and autumn (T3). Our analysis of 360 soil samples led to the generation of high-quality sequences that provided insights into microbial diversity. Principal component analysis identified organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, and total nitrogen as the main contributors to soil property variance, explaining 53.68% in T1, 51.52% in T2, and 56.37% in T3 of the variance (p < 0.01). Correlation analysis highlighted a positive relationship between soil pH and <i>Nitrospirae</i> (r = 0.603) and <i>Proteobacteria</i> (r = 0.558). Enzyme activity varied by season, with acid phosphatase activity peaking in T3 and invertase activity highest in T1. This study also made functional predictions and identified pathways pertinent to metabolism, genetic information processing, and environmental signal transduction. There were seasonal shifts in metabolic pathways, such as an increase in carbohydrate metabolism in T3 via TD. In addition, there was a rise in amino acid metabolism in T3 via CD. Our assessment of microbial diversity uncovered 68 bacterial phyla, with <i>Proteobacteria</i> and <i>Acidobacteria</i> emerging as the dominant taxa. The results indicate that ARPs positively influence microbial health, nutrient cycling, and overall ecosystem integrity. These findings hold significant implications for riparian ecosystem restoration in regions experiencing environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1550306"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potato precision planter metering system based on improved YOLOv5n-ByteTrack.","authors":"Cisen Xiao, Changlin Song, Junmin Li, Min Liao, Yongfan Pu, Kun Du","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1563551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1563551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate assessment of the planting effect is crucial during the potato cultivation process. Currently, manual statistical methods are inefficient and challenging to evaluate in real-time. To address this issue, this study proposes a detection algorithm for the potato planting machine's seed potato scooping scene, based on an improved lightweight YOLO v5n model. Initially, the C3-Faster module is introduced, which reduces the number of parameters and computational load while maintaining detection accuracy. Subsequently, re-parameterized convolution (RepConv) is incorporated into the feature extraction network architecture, enhancing the model's inference speed by leveraging the correlation between features. Finally, to further improve the efficiency of the model for mobile applications, layer-adaptive magnitude-based pruning (LAMP) technology is employed to eliminate redundant channels with minimal impact on performance. The experimental results indicate that: 1) The improved YOLOv5n model exhibits a 56.8% reduction in parameters, a 56.1% decrease in giga floating point operations per second (GFLOPs), a 51.4% reduction in model size, and a 37.0% reduction in Embedded Device Inference Time compared to the YOLOv5n model. Additionally, the mean average precision (mAP) at mAP@0.5 achieves up to 98.0%. 2) Compared with the YOLO series model, mAP@0.5 is close, and the parameters, GFLOPs, and model size are significantly decreased. 3) Combining the ByteTrack algorithm and counting method, the accuracy of counting reaches 96.6%. Based on these improvements, we designed a potato precision planter metering system that supports real-time monitoring of omission, replanting, and qualified casting during the planting process. This system provides effective support for potato precision planting and offers a visual representation of the planting outcomes, demonstrating its practical value for the industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1563551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive aroma profiles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in six grape varieties with different flavors.","authors":"Guang Wu, Yuchen Xin, Ruihua Ren, Huawei Chen, Bowei Yang, Maosheng Ge, Sha Xie","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1544593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1544593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aroma is a critical factor in determining grape quality, develops through complex interactions among various volatile compounds. This study revealed the differences of the six grape varieties with three different aroma types though the HS-SPME/GC-MS and RNA-sequencing technologies. Muscat-type grapes ('Shine 13' and 'Shine Muscat') exhibited the highest monoterpene and C13-norisoprenoid level, correlating with elevated expression of <i>DXS, TPS, and CCD4b</i> genes in the MEP/MVA pathways. Strawberry-type cultivars (particularly 'Hutai 8') accumulated abundant esters linked to high <i>AAT</i> expression, while neutral aromatic varieties showed enriched C6/C9 compounds associated with upregulated <i>LOXA</i> and <i>ADH2</i>. Muscat-type grapes dominated monoterpenes with OAVs >1, which explained the abundant Muscat flavors, while neutral aromatic aroma cultivars had the most abundant C6/C9 compounds OAVs associated with leaf-like scents. Strawberry-type cultivars exhibited the highest esters OAVs with strawberry aroma profiles. WGCNA analysis revealed four specific modules correlated with aroma compound biosynthesis correlated with alcohols (88genes), carbonyl compounds (451genes), fatty acids (110 genes), and monoterpenes (790genes) accumulation in these grapes, respectively. These findings were expected to advance our understanding of the metabolic pathways responsible for grape aroma and could provide valuable recommendations for the enhancement of grape aromatic quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1544593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective substitution of ferrous sulfate with iron oxide nanoparticles enhances growth, antioxidant activity, and stevioside accumulation in micro-propagated <i>Stevia</i> rebaudiana.","authors":"Sher Muhammad, Abid Ali Khan, Muhammad Rameez Khan, Sidra Mukhtar, Abeer Kazmi, Amir Ali, Ayesha Siddiqa, Kayley Aileen Hernández Ramírez, Juan Pedro Luna-Arias, Gabriela Medina-Pérez, Armando Pelaez-Acero, Silvia Armenta, Ajaz Ahmad","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1569613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1569613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanotechnology, particularly the use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), has gained significant attention in agricultural research due to its potential to enhance plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the green synthesis of IONPs using plant extracts remains underexplored, especially in the context of agricultural applications. In this study, the green synthesis of IONPs using <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf extract is reported, with the extract serving as both a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), revealing spherical and polygonal shapes with an iron peak at 6.5-7.5 keV, consistent with the expected size and composition. These IONPs were incorporated into Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium to replace the conventional iron source and evaluate their effects on <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> micropropagation. The results demonstrate that IONPs at lower concentrations (5.60 mg/L) significantly promoted early shoot and root initiation (5.2 and 5.3 days, respectively), while higher concentrations (11.20 mg/L and 22.40 mg/L) delayed growth initiation and inhibited development. Notably, 22.4 mg/L IONPs enhanced leaf growth (length: 3.20 cm, width: 1.90 cm), fresh weight (238.90 mg), and dry weight (20.67 mg), outperforming the positive control (FeSO₄·7H₂O). IONPs also increased the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in plant tissues, with the highest values (4.54 mg GAE/g and 2.07 mg QAE/g) observed at 22.40 mg/L. The antioxidant capacity, measured by DPPH scavenging activity, was significantly enhanced, reaching 89.70%. Additionally, IONPs promoted the accumulation of diterpene glycosides, including stevioside (4.30 mg/g DW) and rebaudioside A (6.70 mg/g DW), especially at higher concentrations. These findings suggest that IONPs, particularly at 22.40 mg/L, are a promising and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional iron sources, offering enhanced plant growth, improved antioxidant defenses, and increased production of valuable secondary metabolites in <i>S. rebaudiana</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1569613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability mapping of native tree species in dry-hot valleys of Yunnan based on InVEST-MaxEnt coupled modeling: model validation framework with native tree species actual distribution and seed germination.","authors":"Meng Xie, Xiaobo Song, Xuexing Zhang, Yongpeng Ma, Zhilin Song, Fengjuan Li, Wei Li, Linyuan Fan, Hong Ma","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1577623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1577623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The target valleys along the Jinsha, Nujiang, Lancang, and Yuanjiang Rivers exhibit acute human-land conflicts and ecosystem vulnerability. Predicting the distribution of potential suitable habitats for native tree species in Yunnan Province provides basin-scale insights for the management of ecosystems in dry and hot valleys, thereby advancing restoration planning in dry-hot valleys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigates native tree species suitability in Yunnan's dry-hot valleys using an integrated MaxEnt-InVEST modeling framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Temperature and precipitation emerged as dominant bioclimatic controls, with optimal species occurrence (1 000-2 500 m) showing negative elevation correlation. Four native tree species (<i>Osteomeles schwerinae</i>, <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i>, <i>Quercus francetii</i> and <i>Sapindus delavayi</i>) displayed fragmented suitable areas along mountainous riparian zones, while habitat quality hotspots mainly covered non-urbanized regions, avoiding central urban clusters and northeastern/southeastern karst zones. The coupled model demonstrated significantly improved accuracy compared to the standalone MaxEnt by incorporating land-use impacts, with Yuanmou County case analysis confirming the enhanced predictive capability through actual distribution patterns. Spatial prioritization identified core planting clusters in central/southeastern valleys, though fragmented by agricultural encroachment.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This methodology provides a cost-effective solution for vegetation restoration planning in ecologically fragile dry-hot ecosystems. The research results can provide scientific support for the restoration of degraded ecosystems in dry-hot valleys of Yunnan Province, the national Afforestation program and soil and water conservation projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1577623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of foliar selenium spraying on the growth and selenium content and morphology of rice.","authors":"Wenxia Pei, Mengya Dai, Sheng Shi, Yuan Zhang, Daxia Wu, Cece Qiao, Yafei Sun, Jianfei Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1587159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1587159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se), an essential micronutrient for both plants and humans, plays critical roles in crop metabolism and human physiological functions. However, optimizing Se biofortification strategies to enhance grain Se accumulation while mitigating potential agronomic trade-offs remains a significant challenge. In this study, foliar applications of sodium selenite at concentrations of 0.0075 kg/hm² (FX01) and 0.015 kg/hm² (FX02) were administered during the full heading stage of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to systematically investigate Se uptake, interorgan translocation, and organic Se speciation in grains. Results demonstrated that foliar Se application significantly increased total Se contents and accumulation across rice tissues, with FX02 exhibiting superior enhancement compared to FX01. Specifically, total Se and organic Se contents in rice grains of FX02 were 2.76- and 2.77-fold compared to FX01, respectively. Translocation dynamics revealed that foliar treatment reduced Se transfer rates from leaves to husks and stems, while FX02 markedly improved phloem-mediated Se remobilization from leaves to grains. The Se translocation factor (TF) from leaves to grains increased to 0.71 under FX02, compared to 0.44 in FX01 and 0.60 in CK, indicating enhanced efficiency of Se redistribution under FX02. Spatial partitioning analysis further confirmed reduced Se retention in stems and husks alongside elevated accumulation in leaves under foliar treatments. Notably, Se accumulation in rice grains reached 24% under FX02, significantly higher than CK (15%) and FX01 (14%). Foliar Se application also increased the total organic Se and different organic Se forms contents in grains and altered its composition by reducing the proportion of RNA-bound Se. Temporal analysis revealed that total Se concentrations in rice tissues rose sharply within the first 14 days post-application, followed by a decline in vegetative tissues but a continued increase in grains after 31 days. In addition, grain Se enrichment showed no significant correlation with yield-related agronomic parameters. This study elucidates the dynamic transport-transformation mechanisms of foliar-applied Se in rice, providing a theoretical framework for designing precision Se biofortification strategies that synergistically improve grain nutritional quality and field adaptability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1587159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal molecular responses of two potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) cultivars to cold stress.","authors":"Xiang Li, Zhenzhen Zheng, Yun Zhou, Shenglong Yang, Wang Su, Heng Guo, Guangji Ye, Jian Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1543380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1543380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.), as an important food crop on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is prone to low temperature and frost damage during the seedling stage, causing economic losses for farmers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, metabolome and transcriptome analyses were conducted on the leaves of Atlantic (cold-resistant) and KY140 (cold-sensitive) potato varieties following exposure to cold stress (CS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After CS, 298 and 195 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified in Atlantic and KY140, respectively, with 124 common DAMs, including lipids, flavonoids, alkaloids, organic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, nucleotides and their derivatives, lignans and coumarins, phenolic acids, and terpenoids. A total of 6928 and 2428 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified in Atlantic and KY140, respectively, with 1131 common DEGs. Joint analysis of DAMs and DEGs, \"flavonoid-related metabolism,\" \"lipid metabolism,\" and \"amino acid metabolism\" were plotted. Cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, naringenin, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) might participate in the regulation of potato resistance to CS. The genes <i>StPAL(Soltu.Atl.09_2G005110)</i> and <i>StGAD(Soltu.Atl.11_3G000340)</i> encode enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of cinnamic acid and GABA, respectively, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of cold resistance in potato.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cold resistance in potato.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1543380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Soybean breeding for abiotic stress tolerance: towards sustainable agriculture.","authors":"Huatao Chen, Li Song, Henry T Nguyen, Donghe Xu, Chengfu Su","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1578039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1578039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1578039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a droplet digital PCR assay for sensitive detection and quantification of <i>Phytophthora nicotianae</i>.","authors":"Yuanyuan Liu, Jiali Li, Zining Guo, Chao Feng, Yunhua Gao, Danmei Liu, Di Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1573949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1573949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tobacco black shank (TBS) disease, caused by <i>Phytophthora nicotianae</i> (<i>P. nicotianae</i>), poses a significant threat to global agriculture and results in substantial economic losses. Traditional methods, like culture-based techniques and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), aid pathogen identification but can be less sensitive for complex samples with low pathogen loads. Here, we developed and validated a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting <i>P. nicotianae</i>. ddPCR and qPCR revealed comparable analytical performance including limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), and limit of quantitation (LoQ). For the 68 infectious tobacco root samples and 145 surrounding soil samples, ddPCR demonstrated greater sensitivity, with a higher positive rate of 96.4% vs 83.9%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of ddPCR was 0.913, compared to 0.885 for qPCR. Moreover, ddPCR provided better quantification accuracy for low pathogen concentrations in soil, suggesting better tolerance to potential PCR inhibitors in soil. These results highlight ddPCR as a robust and reliable tool for early diagnosis in complex samples, offering a valuable tool for improving disease management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1573949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent effects of straw and biochar single additions on soil water-heat-salt transport and corn productivity in arid salinized irrigation area.","authors":"Wei Yang, Xiaomin Zhang, Yibo Zhao, Dongliang Zhang, Junjie Li, Riquan Song, Liping Wang, Zhongyi Qu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1503943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1503943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Straw return and straw-derived biochar are promising practices for improving soil physicochemical properties and crop production. However, the integrated effects of a single application on soil moisture, heat, salinity transport, and their regulation mechanism on crop water use efficiency (WUE) in salt-affected soils are still understood deeply. Four amendments were used: control without any additives (CK), direct return of 10 t ha^-1 straw (BJ), and biochar treatments of 15 t ha^-1 (B15), and 30 t ha^-1 (B30). Application of straw and biochar generally increased the soil moisture content during whole crop growth periods. Temperature in the top 10 cm of soil increased by 0.97°Cfor B30 and 1.08°C for BJ when averaged two growing seasons. The BJ led to a slight reduction in soil pH from 0~30 cm, while biochar application did not significantly increased soil pH during crop growth periods. B30 also did not increased soil salinity of top 30-cm depth while BJ increased soil salinity. The desalting ratio at 0~30 cm at maturity in BJ and B30 two amendments decreased slightly during the first growing season but increased during the second growing season across two years. Straw and biochar also enhanced crop yield, WUE, net income. These effects improved more in the first year than in the second year. The two-year average WUE and net profit values increased more for B30 than for BJ. Thus, B30 amendment is recommended to improve soil water-heat environment, crop WUE, and net income without significantly adjusting the degree of soil salinization.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1503943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}