Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Lignin-based controlled-release urea improves choy sum growth by regulating soil nitrogen nutrients and bacterial diversity.","authors":"Xiaojuan Chen, Bosi Lu, Bowen Lv, Shaolong Sun","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1488332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1488332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lignin, as one of the few renewable resources among aromatic compounds, exhibits significant potential for applications in the agricultural sector. Nonetheless, there has been relatively limited research on the effects of lignin-based controlled-release urea (LCRU) on soil nitrogen nutrition and bacterial diversity. In this paper, the impact of LCRU on the growth of choy sum was investigated through a two-season field experiment. The findings suggest that the plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value, and above-ground dry weight under LCRU application surpassed those with conventional urea (CU), increasing by 40.27%, 26.97%, 52.02%, and 38.62%, respectively. Furthermore, the condition that the urea content was reduced by 15% (LCRU15) caused improvements of 24.76%, 26.97%, 43.23%, and 30.86% in the respective variables. Additionally, compared with the CU, the contents of vitamin C, soluble sugar, and soluble protein in choy sum were increased by the LCRU and LCRU15 treatments, and yet no significant differences were observed between the LCRU and LCRU15 treatments. Notably, the nitrogen used efficiency of choy sum increased to 68.90% with the LCRU15 treatment, compared to 64.29% with the LCRU treatment. The levels of soil available nitrogen, NO₃ ^--N, and NH₄ ⁺-N were augmented by the LCRU and LCRU15 treatments. Meanwhile, soil urease and nitrate reductase activities were increased by 22.4%-28.6% and 12.3%-14.5%, respectively. Moreover, soil high-throughput sequencing results illustrated that the LCRU15 treatment enhanced the diversity and abundance of bacteria, particularly the abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Cyanobacteria, which can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter. In short, LCRU improves choy sum yield by influencing soil properties, enzyme activity, and microbial communities. These findings are anticipated to offer practical value for the sustainable application of LCRU in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1488332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuticular wax in wheat: biosynthesis, genetics, and the stress response.","authors":"Ruiyang Tian, Wendi Liu, Yuhai Wang, Wenqiang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1498505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1498505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All terrestrial plants possess a hydrophobic cuticle in the outermost layer of their aerial organs that is composed of cutin and wax. The cuticle serves as the first barrier between the plant and the surrounding environment and plays a key role in the resistance of plants to abiotic and biotic stressors. Additionally, they are closely associated with plant growth and development. Cuticular wax has attracted considerable attention as the main mediator of cuticular functions. In this review, we summarize the advances in the research investigating wheat cuticular wax, focusing on three aspects that include biosynthesis, genetics, and stress responses. Additionally, we discuss the applications of cuticular wax in wheat breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1498505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of 418 tomato cultivars based on single nucleotide polymorphism markers.","authors":"Weijie Xu, Chao Gong, Peiting Mai, Zhenxing Li, Baojuan Sun, Tao Li","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1445734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1445734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) is a highly valuable fruit crop. However, due to the lack of scientific and accurate variety identification methods and unified national standards, production management is scattered and non-standard, resulting in mixed varieties. This poses considerable difficulties for the cataloging and preservation of germplasm resources as well as the identification, promotion, and application of new tomato varieties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To better understand the genetic diversity and population structure of representative tomato varieties, we collected 418 tomato varieties from the past 20 years and analyzed them using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We initially assessed the population structure, genetic relationships, and genetic profiles of the 418 tomato germplasm resources utilizing simplified genome sequencing techniques. A total of 3,374,929 filtered SNPs were obtained and distributed across 12 chromosomes. Based on these SNP loci, the 418 tomatoes samples were divided into six subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The population structure and genetic relationships among existing tomato germplasm resources were determined using principal component analysis, population structure analysis, and phylogenetic tree analysis. Rigorous selection criteria identified 15 additional high-quality DNA fingerprints from 50 validated SNP loci, effectively enabling the identification of the 418 tomato varieties, which were successfully converted into KASP (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR) markers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study represents the first comprehensive investigation assessing the diversity and population structure of a large collection of tomato varieties. Overall, it marks a considerable advancement in understanding the genetic makeup of tomato populations. The results broadened our understanding of the diversity, phylogeny, and population structure of tomato germplasm resources. Furthermore, this study provides a scientific basis and reference data for future analysis of genetic diversity, species identification, property rights disputes, and molecular breeding in tomatoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1445734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of BSA-seq and RNA-seq identified the candidate genes for seed weight in <i>Brassica juncea</i>.","authors":"Bin Yang, Liu Yang, Lei Kang, Liang You, Hao Chen, Huagui Xiao, Lunwen Qian, Yong Rao, Zhongsong Liu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1458294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1458294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Brassica juncea</i> is a major oilseed crop of <i>Brassica</i>. The seed weight is one of yield components in oilseed <i>Brassica</i> crops. Research on the genetic mechanism of seed weight is not only directly related to the yield and economic value of Brassica juncea but also can provide a theory foundation for studying other Brassica crops.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To map the genes for seed weight, the parental and F₂ extreme bulks derived were constructed from the cross between the heavy-seeded accession 7981 and the light-seeded one Sichuan yellow (SY) of <i>B. juncea</i>, and used in bulk segregant sequencing (BSA-seq). Meanwhile, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed for both parents at six seed development stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that a total of thirty five SNPs were identified in thirty two genes located on chromosomes A02 and A10, while fifty eight InDels in fifty one genes located on A01, A03, A05, A07, A09, A10, B01, B02 and B04. The 7,679 differentially expressed genes were identified in developing seeds between the parents. Furthermore, integrated analysis of BSA-seq and RNA-seq data revealed a cluster of nine genes on chromosome A10 and one gene on chromosome A05 that are putative candidate genes controlling seed weight in <i>B. juncea</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study provides a new reference for research on <i>Brassica</i> seed weight and lays a solid foundation for the examination of seed in other <i>Brassica</i> crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1458294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11654836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of maize drought tolerance by foliar application of zinc selenide quantum dots.","authors":"Venkatesan Kishanth Kanna, Maduraimuthu Djanaguiraman, Alagarswamy Senthil, Ponnuraj Sathya Moorthy, Krishnamoorthy Iyanar, Anbazhagan Veerappan","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1478654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1478654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) is an important cereal crop grown in arid and semiarid regions of the world. During the reproductive phase, it is more frequently exposed to drought stress, resulting in lower grain yield due to oxidative damage. Selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles possess inherent antioxidant properties that can alleviate drought-induced oxidative stress by the catalytic scavenging of reactive oxygen species, thereby protecting maize photosynthesis and grain yield. However, the effect of zinc selenide quantum dots (ZnSe QDs) under drought stress was not been quantified. Hence, the aim of this study was to quantify the (i) toxicity potential of ZnSe QDs and (ii) drought mitigation potential of ZnSe QDs by assessing the transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, oxidant production, antioxidant enzyme activity and seed yield of maize under limited soil moisture levels. Toxicity experiments were carried out with 0 mg L^-1 to 500 mg L^-1 of ZnSe QDs on earthworms and azolla. The results showed that up to 20 mg L^-1, the growth rates of earthworms and azolla were not affected. The dry-down experiment was conducted with three treatments: foliar spray of (i) water, (ii) ZnSe QDs (20 mg L^-1), and (iii) combined zinc sulfate (10 mg L^-1) and sodium selenate (10 mg L^-1). ZnSe or Se applications under drying soil reduced the transpiration rate compared to water spray by partially closing the stomata. ZnSe application at 20 mg L^-1 at the tasselling stage significantly increased the photosynthetic rate (25%) by increasing catalase (98%) and peroxidase (85%) enzyme activity and decreased the hydrogen peroxide (23%) content compared to water spray, indicating that premature leaf senescence was delayed under rainfed conditions. ZnSe spray increased seed yield (26%) over water spray by increasing the number of seeds cob^-1 (42%). The study concluded that foliar application of ZnSe (20 mg L^-1) could decrease drought-induced effects in maize.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1478654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the changes of miRNAs and their target genes in regulating anthocyanin synthesis during purple discoloration of cauliflower curd under low temperature stress.","authors":"Xingwei Yao, Qi Zhang, Haidong Chen, Xianhong Ge, Yangdong Guo, Daozong Chen","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1460914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1460914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cauliflower is widely cultivated all over the world is attributed to its palatable flavor, high levels of anti-cancer compounds, and diverse array of nutrients. Exposure to extremely cold stress during production can result in a more frequent occurrence of purple discoloration in cauliflower curds. In response to cold stress, plants naturally produce anthocyanins to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated as a defense mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research involved conducting mRNA sequencing analysis on cauliflower curds both before and after exposure to cold stress treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was determined that the up-regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes <i>CHS, CHI, DFR, ANS, UGFT, PAP1/2</i>, and <i>MYBL2</i> occurred significantly in response to cold stress, resulting in a significant increase in total anthocyanin content. Subsequently, miRNA sequencing was employed to identify miRNAs in cauliflower curds, followed by differential expression analysis. The results showed that Bna-miR289 and Ath-miR157a may play a key role in regulating the accumulation of anthocyanin in cauliflower curds. Furthermore, we utilized degradome sequencing data to predict the target genes of the identified miRNAs, resulting in the identification of <i>BolK_3g48940.1, BolK_9g11680.1, BolK_7g41780.1, BolK_3g68050.1,</i> and <i>BolK_3g729700.1</i> as targets. Subsequently, the expression patterns of the miRNAs and their target genes were validated using qRT-PCR, the results showed that Ath-miR157a and its target genes <i>BolK_3g68050.1</i> and <i>BolK_3g72970.1</i> may be the key to the purple of cauliflower curds under cold stress.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our preliminary findings identified key miRNAs and their target genes that may be involved in regulating anthocyanin synthesis, thereby enhancing the cold tolerance of cauliflower through mRNA, miRNA, and degradome sequencing. Overall, our study sheds light on the activation of anthocyanin synthesis in flower curds under cold stress conditions as a mechanism to enhance resilience to adverse environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1460914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the functional mechanisms of three terpene synthases from <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> (Lavender).","authors":"Dafeng Liu, Hongying Song, Huashui Deng, Ablikim Abdiriyim, Lvxia Zhang, Ziwei Jiao, Xueru Li, Lu Liu, Shuangqin Bai","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1497345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1497345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lavender species are of significant economic value being cultivated extensively worldwide for their essential oils (EOs), which include terpenes that play crucial roles in the cosmetic, personal care, and pharmaceutical industries. The terpene synthases in lavender, such as <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> linalool synthase (LaLINS), limonene synthase (LaLIMS), and bergamotene synthase (LaBERS), are key enzymes in terpene biosynthesis. However, the functional mechanisms underlying these enzymes remain poorly understood. Here, we used AlphaFold2 to predict the three-dimensional structures of LaLINS, LaLIMS, and LaBERS. The hydrodynamic radii of LaLINS, LaLIMS, and LaBERS were 5.7 ± 0.2, 6.2 ± 0.3, and 5.4 ± 0.2 nm, respectively. Mutations D320A or D324A led to a complete loss of activity in LaLINS compared to the wild-type (WT) enzyme; similarly, mutations D356A or D360A abolished activity in LaLIMS, and D291A or D295A eliminated activity in LaBERS. Furthermore, the genes <i>LaLINS</i>, <i>LaLIMS</i>, and <i>LaBERS</i> exhibited significantly higher expression levels in leaves compared to stems and flowers, with peak expression occurring at 8:00 a.m. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of terpene biosynthesis in lavender and offer insights for improving essential oil production through genetic engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1497345"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Recent advances in iron excess toxicity and its interaction with metals in plants.","authors":"May Sann Aung, Andriele Wairich, Felipe Klein Ricachenevsky","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1524947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1524947","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1524947"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and validation of a real-time cassava planter seed quality monitoring system based on optical fiber sensors and rotary encoders.","authors":"Bin Yan, Zhende Cui, Ganran Deng, Guojie Li, Shuang Zheng, Fengguang He, Ling Li, Pinlan Chen, Xilin Wang, Sili Zhou, Ye Dai, Shuangmei Qin, Zehua Liu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1481909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1481909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Targeting the issues of seed leakage and cutting segment adhesion due to poor seed feeding and cutting in real-time seed-cutting cassava planters, this study developed a seeding quality monitoring system. Based on the structure and working principle of the seed cutting and discharging device, the installation methods of the matrix fiber optic sensor and rotary encoder were determined. By combining the operational characteristics of the planter's ground wheel drive with seed cutting and seed dropping, a monitoring model correlating the sowing parameters with seed dropping time was established; a monitoring window was created by extracting and processing the rotary encoder pulse signal, and the number of seeds sown after each opposing cutter's operation was calculated based on the pulse width information within the monitoring window. The monitoring system's statistics were compared and analyzed with the manual statistics, and the bench test showed that the monitoring system designed in this study offers high accuracy. When the simulated rotational speed of the opposing cutter ranges from 10 to 30 rpm, the average monitoring error between the monitored and actual seeding quantities for the left and right rows is less than 1.4%. The monitoring system can promptly and accurately activate sound and light alarms for faults, achieving a 100% success rate in alarms and an average fault response time of less than 0.4 seconds. Field tests demonstrate that the average error in seeding volume is 0.91%, and the monitoring system can timely alert to faults occurring in the planter. The system fulfills the requirements for real-time monitoring of cassava seeding volume at various operating speeds in field conditions, and can serve as a reference for monitoring operational parameters in subsequent cassava combine harvesters.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1481909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral nutrition for <i>Cannabis sativa</i> in the vegetative stage using response surface analysis.","authors":"Patrick Yawo Kpai, Oluwafemi Adaramola, Philip Wiredu Addo, Sarah MacPherson, Mark Lefsrud","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1501484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1501484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis cultivated for medical and adult use is a high-value horticultural crop in North America; however, we lack information on its optimal mineral nutrition due to previous legal restrictions. This study evaluated the mineral requirements of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) for cannabis in the vegetative stage using response surface analysis. Plants were cultivated in a hydroponic system with various nutrient solution treatments (mg L^-1) of N (132.7, 160, 200, 240, and 267.3), P (9.6, 30, 60, 90, and 110.5), and K (20.8, 60, 117.5, 175, and 214.2) according to a central composite design. Nutrient interactions (N × K, K × P, and N × P × K) had a significant effect on the vegetative growth of the cannabis plants. N × K interaction had a significant effect on leaf mass and stem mass. K × P interaction had a significant effect on dry root mass, leaf mass, stem mass, leaf area, specific leaf area, and chlorophyll a and b contents. N × P × K interaction had a significant effect on root mass, leaf mass, stem mass, stem diameter, leaf area, and chlorophyll a and b contents. The optimum concentrations of total nitrogen, P, K, calcium, and sulfur in the cannabis leaves were 0.54, 0.073, 0.27, 0.56, and 0.38 mg g^-1, respectively. An increase in P and K concentrations decreased the magnesium concentration in the leaves, but it was unaffected by the increase in N concentration. The recommended primary macronutrients for cannabis plants in the vegetative stage based on the maximum desirability and nutrient use efficiencies were 160-200 mg L^-1 N, 30 mg L^-1 P, and 60 mg L^-1 K. These findings can offer valuable insight and guidance to growers regarding the mineral requirements for cannabis during the vegetative stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1501484"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}