Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Deciphering the morpho-physiological and biochemical response of sunflower hybrids with the application of biochar and slow-release nitrogen fertilizers under drought stress for sustainable crop production.","authors":"Shabir Hussain, Mehrab Khan, Muhammad Tanveer Altaf, Muhammad Nadeem Shah, Alanoud T Alfagham","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1541123","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1541123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agriculture problems like drought stress and improper fertilization like overuse of nitrogen fertilizers for maximum productivity are the problem responsible for low yield of crop and environmental pollution. Biochar and slow releasing nitrogen fertilizers (SRNF) application in agriculture are the sustainable practices being used for better crop nutrient management strategies, since the well-recognized environmental problem caused by overusing fertilizers. Biochar also used as tools for sustainable way alleviating drought stress. For this, two-year field study was planned with randomized complete block designed (RCBD) and was replicated three time. Treatments included the two irrigation conditions like normal irrigation (CK) and drought stress (DS), two biochar treatments like biochar (BC) and without biochar (WBC); and three application of SRNF like zinc-coated urea (ZCU), sulfur-coated urea (SCU) and non-coated simple urea (SU). Results revealed that drought stress significantly reduced plant height (20.7%), stem diameter (25.6%), and achene yield (25.9%), while increasing antioxidant activity. Biochar mitigated these effects, increasing plant height by 23.2% and achene yield by 12.0% under drought stress. Among SRNFs, ZCU was most effective, improving photosynthetic rate (18.5%), chlorophyll content (12.3%), and achene yield (19.6%) under drought conditions. The combination of biochar and ZCU improved soil health, water retention, and nutrient efficiency, leading to enhanced plant growth and yield. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences among treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1541123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11914920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specialized metabolites present in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> nectar inhibit the growth of nectar-inhabiting microorganisms.","authors":"Lijie Xun, Rong Huang, Qiongyan Li, Qingxin Meng, Rui Su, Xiaoman Wu, Renbin Zhang, Linshu Li, Xueyang Gong, Kun Dong","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1557228","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1557228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant specialized metabolites are species-specific compounds that help plants adapt and survive in constantly changing ecological environments. Nectar contains various specialized metabolites, essential for maintaining nectar homeostasis. In this study, we employed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to compare the sugar composition between spoilage nectar and natural nectar, with further analysis of variations in color, odor, pH, and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content. Microbial strains in <i>Camellia reticulata</i> nectar were isolated and identified using the spread plate method coupled with DNA sequencing. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was implemented to characterize metabolite differences between spoilage and natural nectars. Subsequent <i>in vitro</i> experiments were conducted to validate the effects of screened nectar metabolites on the isolated microbial strains. The results showed that some <i>C. reticulata</i> nectar could spoil and deteriorate, which disrupted nectar homeostasis and significantly reduced the pollination efficiency by pollinators. Spoilage nectar had significant differences in color, odor, sugar composition, pH, and H2O2 content compared to natural nectar. The number of microbial species and quantity in spoilage nectar were much higher. The H2O2 content in natural nectar could reach (55.5 ± 1.80) μM, while it was undetectable in spoilage nectar. A total of 15 distinct microbial strains and 364 differential metabolites were isolated and identified from two types of nectar. <i>In vitro</i> experiments demonstrated that H2O2 could inhibit all the bacteria in <i>C. reticulata</i> nectar except <i>Serratia liquefaciens</i>. 12-Methyltetradecanoic Acid inhibited <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens</i>, and <i>Rothia terrae</i>, and Myristic Acid only inhibited <i>Rothia terrae</i>. The nectar metabolites screened in this study had no effect on the nectar specialist yeast <i>Metschnikowia reukaufii</i>. In conclusion, the findings of this study revealed that <i>C. reticulata</i> nectar regulates the growth of microorganisms through its metabolites to maintain nectar homeostasis and prevent spoilage. This study improves the understanding of the physiological mechanisms of <i>C. reticulata</i> in maintaining nectar homeostasis and provides theoretical support for controlling nectar diseases and sustaining the reproductive fitness of <i>C. reticulata</i>. Future research could focus on further exploring the complex interactions between different metabolites in <i>C. reticulata</i> nectar and a wider range of microorganisms. Moreover, the development of practical applications based on these findings, such as the development of natural preservatives for nectar-related products or the optimization of pollination efficiency in <i>C. reticulata</i> cultivation, could be an important area for future exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1557228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> varieties with different fruit characteristics based on whole-genome sequencing.","authors":"Nataliya V Melnikova, Alexander A Arkhipov, Yury A Zubarev, Roman O Novakovskiy, Anastasia A Turba, Elena N Pushkova, Daiana A Zhernova, Anna S Mazina, Ekaterina M Dvorianinova, Elizaveta A Sigova, George S Krasnov, Chengjiang Ruan, Elena V Borkhert, Alexey A Dmitriev","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1542552","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1542552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1542552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic configuration of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (NMB01) unveils its antiviral activity against <i>Orthotospovirus arachinecrosis</i> infecting tomato.","authors":"M Gayathri, R Sharanya, P Renukadevi, Varagur Ganesan Malathi, Amalendu Ghosh, Saranya Nallusamy, S Varanavasiappan, S Nakkeeran, Saad Alkahtani","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1517157","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1517157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Orthotospovirus arachinecrosis</i> (groundnut bud necrosis virus, GBNV) infecting tomato is a devastating viral pathogen responsible for severe yield losses of up to 100%. Considering the significance of the plant growth-promoting bacteria to induce innate immunity, attempts were made to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> NMB01 against GBNV in cowpea and tomato. Foliar application of <i>B. subtilis</i> NMB01 at 1.5% onto the leaves of cowpea and tomato followed by challenge inoculation with GBNV significantly reduced the incidence of GBNV from 80% to 90% in response to the untreated inoculated control. Hence, we had a quest to understand if any genes were contributing toward the suppression of GBNV in assay hosts. To unveil the secrecy, whole-genome sequencing of <i>B. subtilis</i> NMB01 was carried out. The genome sequence of NMB01 revealed the presence of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, including non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs) which also encoded bacteriocins and antimicrobial peptides. The pan-genome analysis identified 1,640 core genes, 4,885 dispensable genes, and 60 unique genes, including MAMP genes that induce host immune responses. Comparative genome and proteome analysis with other genomes of <i>B. subtilis</i> strains in a public domain through OrthoVenn analysis revealed the presence of 4,241 proteins, 3,695 clusters, and 655 singletons in our study isolate. Furthermore, the NMB01-treated tomato plants increased the levels of defense-related genes (MAPKK1, WRKY33, PR1, PAL, and NPR1), enhancing immune system priming against GBNV infection. These findings suggest that <i>B. subtilis</i> NMB01 can be used as a promising biological control agent for managing plant viral disease sustainably.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1517157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization of heme biosynthesis in the diatom <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> and differential expression of multi-copy enzymes.","authors":"Shun-Min Yang, Ansgar Gruber, Kateřina Jiroutová, Jitka Richtová, Marie Vancová, Martina Tesařová, Petra Masařová, Richard G Dorrell, Miroslav Oborník","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1537037","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1537037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heme is essential for all organisms. The composition and location of the pathway for heme biosynthesis, have been influenced by past endosymbiotic events and organelle evolution in eukaryotes. Endosymbioses led to temporary redundancy of the enzymes and the genes involved. Genes were transferred to the nucleus from different endosymbiotic partners, and their multiple copies were either lost or retained, resulting in a mosaic pathway. This mosaic is particularly complex in organisms with eukaryote-derived plastids, such as diatoms. The plastids of diatoms are clearly derived from red algae. However, it is not entirely clear whether they were acquired directly from a red algal ancestor or indirectly in higher-order endosymbioses. In the diatom <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i>, most enzymes of the pathway are present in a single copy, but three, glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS), uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD) and coproporphyrinogen oxidase (CPOX), are encoded in multiple copies. These are not direct paralogs resulting from gene duplication within the lineage but were acquired horizontally during the plastid endosymbioses. While some iso-enzymes originate from the host cell, others originate either from the genome of the cyanobacterial ancestor of all plastids or from the nuclear genome of the eukaryotic ancestor of the diatom complex plastid, a rhodophyte or an alga containing rhodophyte-derived plastids, a situation known as pseudoparalogy. Using green fluorescent protein-tagged expression and immunogold labeling, we experimentally localized all enzymes of the pathway in <i>P. tricornutum</i>, and confirmed their localization in the plastid, with a few possible exceptions. Our meta-analyses of transcription data showed that the pseudoparalogs are differentially expressed in response to nitrate starvation, blue light, high light, high CO₂, and the cell cycle. Taken together, our findings emphasize that the evolution of complex plastids via endosymbiosis has a direct impact not only on the genetics but also on the physiology of resulting organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1537037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11914136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of GWAS and transcriptome analysis to identify temperature-dependent genes involved in germination of rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.).","authors":"Ruisen Wang, Guangyu Wu, Jingyi Zhang, Weizhen Hu, Xiangtan Yao, Lixi Jiang, Yang Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1551317","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1551317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low temperature germination (LTG) is one of crucial agronomic traits for field-grown rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin, where delayed sowing frequently exposes germination to cold stress. Because of its importance, the genetic basis underlying rapeseed germination under different temperatures has been continuously focused. By long-term field observation, we screened out two cultivars with significantly different LTG performance (JY1621 and JY1605) in field and lab conditions, which therefore were further used for the transcriptome sequencings at three key timepoints under normal and low temperatures. Comparative analysis among multiple groups of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed a set of either early or late temperature response germination (ETRG or LTRG) genes, as well as cold-tolerant (CDT) and temperature-insensitive (TPI) candidate regulators at different germination stages. Furthermore, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using germination index of 273 rapeseed accessions and identified 24 significant loci associated with germination potential under normal temperatures. Through integrated analysis of transcriptome sequencing and GWAS, we identified a series of candidate genes involved in temperature-dependent germination. Based on the comprehensive analysis, we hypothesized that <i>BnaA3.CYP77A4</i> and <i>BnaA3.NAC078</i> could be important candidate genes for LTG due to their expression patterns and haplotype distributions. This study performed the multi-omics analysis on temperature-dependent germination and provided potential genetic loci and candidate genes required for robust germination, which could be further considered for low-temperature germination breeding of rapeseed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1551317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial diversity and distribution of fern and lycophyte species in karst and non-karst landscapes towards conservation needs.","authors":"Marjorie D Delos Angeles, Sirilak Radbouchoom, Boniface K Ngarega, R Sedricke Lapuz, Harald Schneider","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1495796","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1495796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Karst formations are distinguished by their high levels of species diversity and endemism, including ferns and lycophytes. However, the existing data on plant community composition in karst formations remains deficient. Addressing these knowledge gaps is imperative, given the current accelerated rates of species loss, to enhance efforts to conserve biodiversity in these habitats. This study documents and explains patterns of fern and lycophyte species diversity within karst landscapes (KL) and non-karst landscapes (NKL) in the Philippines. Our comprehensive analysis involved aggregating 19,529 occurrence points encompassing 1,024 fern and lycophyte species sourced from field expeditions, voucher records from local herbaria, and online databases. Indices for species richness, weighted endemism, and corrected weighted endemism were then computed across KL and NKL areas to describe spatial diversity and identify fern and lycophyte hotspot areas. Gap analyses were also performed to determine if established protected areas (PAs) were sufficient to cover the identified fern and lycophyte diversity hotspots. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to determine potential ecological drivers of distribution between KL and NKL areas. The findings reveal that most fern and lycophyte species were recorded to occur in NKL areas, with 995 (97.16%) species identified, while 676 (66.02%) species were documented to occur in KLs, including 29 (2.83%) exclusive to karsts. Identified hotspots for NKL are within mountain ecosystems, which are already under existing legal protection. In contrast, KLs have five areas identified as congruent hotspots but considered gap areas due to their exclusion from current PA boundaries. Existing PAs thus provide less protection to karst habitats and their associated floras. PCA did not reveal any significant environmental predictors, suggesting separation of KL and NKL species distributions, possibly due to lack of high-resolution environment data available for karsts. To facilitate the conservation of fern and lycophyte species in karsts, we propose installing and expanding existing PA boundaries, along with conducting more focused surveys in karst regions to better understand their ecological dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1495796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergence in leaf and cambium phenologies among three temperate tree species of different wood types with special reference to xylem hydraulics.","authors":"Ai-Ying Wang, Si-Qi Li, Han-Xiao Cui, Ya-Nan Liu, Yi-Jun Lu, Guang-You Hao","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1562873","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1562873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leaf and cambium phenologies are both important aspects of tree environmental adaptation in temperate areas. Temperate tree species with non-porous, diffuse-porous and ring-porous woods diverge substantially in the strategy of coping with freezing-induced hydraulic dysfunction, which can be closely associated with the timing of both leaf phenology and xylogenesis. Nevertheless, we still know little about the potential differences in the intra-annual process of xylogenesis among species of the three functional groups as well as its association with leaf phenology. Here, we monitored leaf phenology and xylogenesis in a non-porous (<i>Pinus</i>), a diffuse-porous (<i>Populus</i>), and a ring-porous (<i>Ulmus</i>) temperate tree species in a common garden. The results showed clear divergences in leaf and cambium phenologies and their chronological orders among the three species. The two hardwood species exhibited earlier bud burst and leaf unfolding than the conifer. The cambial activity of the ring-porous species began earlier than the diffuse-porous species, although the leaf phenology of the diffuse-porous species was earlier. The conifer species showed the latest bud break but the initiation of cambium activity was the earliest, which can be attributed to its strong resistance to freezing-induced embolism in the tracheid-based xylem. The leaf phenology preceded the onset of cambial activity in the <i>Populus</i> species, which was permitted by the ability of diffuse-porous species in largely retaining the stem hydraulic function over the winter. In contrast, the <i>Ulmus</i> species with ring-porous wood had to restore its severely hampered stem hydraulic function by winter embolism before leaf flush. The results revealed that leaf and cambium phenologies are closely interconnected due to the coordination between xylem water transport and leaf water demand. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the divergent adaptive strategies of temperate trees with different wood types.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1562873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A semi-dwarf and late-flowering Koshihikari d60Hd16: development, productivity, and regional suitability revealed by correlation-based network analysis.","authors":"Motonori Tomita, Hiroshi Honda","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1443149","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1443149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breeding rice varieties that are resilient to climate change and optimizing the cultivation methods for each developed variety are challenging issues in global food demands.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the late-flowering gene <i>Hd16</i> of Koganebare was introduced into Koshihikari through backcrossing to create 'Koshihikari Hd16'. It was then crossed with 'Koshihikari d60' to develop an isogenic line of Koshihikari containing both <i>Hd16</i> and <i>d60</i>. Productivity tests were conducted in nine prefectures in Japan for two homogeneous rice genotypes: <i>Hd16</i> (late flowering) and <i>d60Hd16</i> (short culm and late flowering). By analyzing the relationship among genotypes, traits, and accumulation temperatures, we reexamined the characteristics of each genotype and inferred the optimal growing areas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Correlation-based network analysis between yield, grain quality, and taste value, as well as other traits, showed that quality was negatively correlated with panicle length (<i>r</i> = 0.36) and 1,000-grain weight (<i>r</i> = 0.43), and yield was strongly positively correlated with 1,000-grain weight (<i>r</i> = 0.66). The <i>d60</i> genotype was negatively correlated with culm length (<i>r</i> = -0.82) and lodging degree (<i>r</i> = -0.58). These correlations were supported by partial correlation analysis, and significant differences compared with the wild-type were identified. Principal component analysis revealed that Yamanashi and Ehime, which provided long panicle and culm lengths to 'Koshihikari d60Hd16', were suitable in terms of yield; on the other hand, Shimane, which is warmer and produced shorter panicle and culm lengths, was suitable in terms of eating quality. Moreover, Koshihikari d60Hd16, the late-flowering and semi-dwarf strain, could express traits that are less prone to lodging while maintaining the same quality and yield as the wild type.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, the <i>d60</i> and <i>H16</i> genotypes express stable traits adapted to a wide range of Japanese climatic conditions and growing environments. This study provides fundamental information for the promotion of new smart agriculture, in which improved varieties are deployed in different regions with different climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1443149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of homogentisate phytyltransferase and methylphytylbenzoquinol methyltransferase genes from olive fruit with regard to the tocopherol content and the response to abiotic stresses.","authors":"Isabel Narváez, M Luisa Hernández, M Dolores Sicardo, David Velázquez-Palmero, Wenceslao Moreda, José M Martínez-Rivas","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1526815","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1526815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two cDNA sequences, named <i>OepHPT</i> and <i>OepMPBQ MT</i>, encoding homogentisate phytyltransferase (HPT) and methylphytylbenzoquinol methyltransferase (MPBQ MT), respectively, have been cloned from olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> cv. Picual). Sequence analysis displayed the distinguishing characteristics typical of the HPT and MPBQ MT families and along with phylogenetic analysis indicated that they code for homogentisate phytyltransferase and methylphytylbenzoquinol methyltransferase enzymes, respectively. Transcriptional analysis in distinct olive tissues indicated that expression levels of <i>HPT</i> and <i>MPBQ MT</i> genes are spatially and temporally regulated in a cultivar-dependent manner and together with tocopherol analysis pointed out that both genes participate in the biosynthesis of the tocopherols present in olive mesocarp. These data also suggest that in olive mesocarp, HPT but not MPBQ MT could be implicated in the transcriptional regulation of the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway. In addition, <i>HPT</i> and <i>MPBQ MT</i> transcript levels are regulated by water status, temperature, light, and wounding in the olive fruit mesocarp, suggesting that both genes could be implicated in the abiotic stress response. Overall, this research constitutes a significant advance to elucidate the factors that regulate the tocopherol biosynthesis in olive fruit to obtain virgin olive oils with enhanced α-tocopherol content.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1526815"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}