Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: XVII SOLANACEAE2022 meets the 2020 decade challenges.","authors":"Ifigeneia Mellidou, Antonio Granell, Hiroshi Ezura, Panagiotis Kalaitzis, Nathalie Gonzalez, Alain Goossens, Mondher Bouzayen, Angelos K Kanellis","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1570346","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1570346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1570346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing crop management strategies for improved yield, water productivity, and sustainability of quinoa in shallow basaltic semi-arid regions.","authors":"Aliza Pradhan, Jagadish Rane, P S Basavaraj, Neeraj Kumar, Dhanashri Shid, Nobin C Paul, K K Pal, K Sammi Reddy","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1522995","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1522995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recently, quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd.) has gained global recognition as a nutritious, adaptable crop suitable to adverse soil and climatic conditions. However, knowledge about optimal management practices for its cultivation in marginal areas of India is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this context, a field experiment was conducted in a split-split plot design with four sowing dates (D₁: 1st November; D₂: 15th November; D₃: 1st December, D₄: 15th December) in main plots, two irrigation levels (I₁: 40% ET_c; I₂: 80% ET_c) in sub-plots, and three nitrogen doses (N₁: 100 kg N ha^-1; N₂: 150 kg N ha^-1; N₃: 200 kg N ha^-1) in sub-sub plots having three replications during 2021-22 and 2022-23 in shallow basaltic <i>murram</i> soils.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Results indicated that sowing on 1st November yielded the highest seed production of 1446 kg ha^-1, as temperatures aligned closely with optimal growth conditions. Quinoa's drought tolerance meant that deficit irrigation was able to maintain the crop growth and yield. While the crop responded positively to higher N doses, the study found that applying 100 kg N ha^-1 was optimal, considering shallow basaltic soil conditions and potential lodging issues. Additionally, water productivity, protein, and saponin content reflected similar trends to seed yield. The results suggested that early sowing, irrigation at 40% ET_c, and 100 kg N ha^-1 produced a seed yield of 1446 kg ha^-1, demonstrating higher carbon efficiency and sustainability while minimizing N₂O emissions. However, these strategies should be tailored to specific agro-ecological conditions. Overall, the findings confirm quinoa's potential for cultivation in India's 26 million hectares of shallow basaltic <i>murram</i> soils, where other crops may not thrive economically.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1522995"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic dissection of QTL for important agronomic traits and fine-mapping of qGL4 and qGW6 based on a short-width grain rice CSSL-Z691.","authors":"Zhaopeng Yu, Guangyi Xu, Keying Xie, Zhuang Xie, Dachuan Wang, Linlu Tan, Yinghua Ling, Guanghua He, Fangming Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1539625","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1539625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) are ideal for creating natural variation and dissecting complex quantitative traits. In addition, it builds a bridge for molecular breeding and accurate identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). In this study, to construct an <i>indica</i> rice library of single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) spanning the whole genome, a rice CSSL-Z691 carrying four substitution segments (4.07 Mb of average length) was identified by marker-assisted selection (MAS) from <i>indica</i> restorer line \"Jinhui35\" in the \"Xihui18\" genetic background. Compared with large panicle type Xihui18, seed setting ratio, grain width, and 1000-grain weight increased in Z691. In contrast, the number of primary branches, spikelet number per panicle, grain number per panicle, grain length, rate of length to width, and yield per plant decreased in Z691. Then, 11 QTLs were identified in the secondary F₂ population from Xihui18/Z691. Again, four QTLs (<i>qGW6</i>, <i>qGL4</i>, <i>qRLW4</i>, and <i>qGWT4</i>) were validated by three SSSLs (S1-S3) developed in F₃. In addition, 11 new QTLs were detected by the three SSSLs that were not identified in the F₂ population. Moreover, the different QTLs in D1-D3 showed various genetic models. Some QTLs, e.g., <i>qGWT6</i> (<i>a</i> = 0.96 g) and <i>qGWT7</i> (<i>a</i> = -0.29 g), displayed independent inheritance, while others exhibited various epistatic interactions. Thus, it is vital to identify different QTLs and their genetic models. Resolving the epistasis effects among different QTLs is crucial for screening QTLs for breeding by design. Finally, <i>qGL4</i> and <i>qGW6</i> were fine-mapped to 160- and 240-kb intervals on chromosomes 4 and 6, and two candidate genes were determined by DNA sequencing. These results provide valuable genetic and breeding materials for cloning <i>qGL4</i> and <i>qGW6</i> and for future molecular breeding by design.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1539625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3D reconstruction platform for complex plants using OB-NeRF.","authors":"Sixiao Wu, Changhao Hu, Boyuan Tian, Yuan Huang, Shuo Yang, Shanjun Li, Shengyong Xu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1449626","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1449626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Applying 3D reconstruction techniques to individual plants has enhanced high-throughput phenotyping and provided accurate data support for developing \"digital twins\" in the agricultural domain. High costs, slow processing times, intricate workflows, and limited automation often constrain the application of existing 3D reconstruction platforms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We develop a 3D reconstruction platform for complex plants to overcome these issues. Initially, a video acquisition system is built based on \"camera to plant\" mode. Then, we extract the keyframes in the videos. After that, Zhang Zhengyou's calibration method and Structure from Motion(SfM)are utilized to estimate the camera parameters. Next, Camera poses estimated from SfM were automatically calibrated using camera imaging trajectories as prior knowledge. Finally, Object-Based NeRF we proposed is utilized for the fine-scale reconstruction of plants. The OB-NeRF algorithm introduced a new ray sampling strategy that improved the efficiency and quality of target plant reconstruction without segmenting the background of images. Furthermore, the precision of the reconstruction was enhanced by optimizing camera poses. An exposure adjustment phase was integrated to improve the algorithm's robustness in uneven lighting conditions. The training process was significantly accelerated through the use of shallow MLP and multi-resolution hash encoding. Lastly, the camera imaging trajectories contributed to the automatic localization of target plants within the scene, enabling the automated extraction of Mesh.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Our pipeline reconstructed high-quality neural radiance fields of the target plant from captured videos in just 250 seconds, enabling the synthesis of novel viewpoint images and the extraction of Mesh. OB-NeRF surpasses NeRF in PSNR evaluation and reduces the reconstruction time from over 10 hours to just 30 Seconds. Compared to Instant-NGP, NeRFacto, and NeuS, OB-NeRF achieves higher reconstruction quality in a shorter reconstruction time. Moreover, Our reconstructed 3D model demonstrated superior texture and geometric fidelity compared to those generated by COLMAP and Kinect-based reconstruction methods. The $R^2$ was 0.9933,0.9881 and 0.9883 for plant height, leaf length, and leaf width, respectively. The MAE was 2.0947, 0.1898, and 0.1199 cm. The 3D reconstruction platform introduced in this study provides a robust foundation for high-throughput phenotyping and the creation of agricultural \"digital twins\".</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1449626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a CRISPR-Cas9 <i>in vitro</i> protocol for targeting the SIX9 gene of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>cubense</i> race 1 associated with banana Fusarium wilt.","authors":"Liliana Villao, Jeffrey Vargas, Nardy Diez, Freddy Magdama, Efrén Santos-Ordóñez","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1523884","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1523884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fusarium wilt of bananas (<i>Musa</i> spp.), a threat to sustainable banana production worldwide, necessitates immediate action to control the disease. The current strategies are centered on preventing its spread or developing resistant varieties. However, very little is known about the genetic machinery used by the fungus to infect and kill banana plants. Therefore, research should the focused also in understanding the plant-pathogen molecular interaction by targeting virulent genes for knock-out in Fusarium. This study aims to standardize a gene editing protocol using CRISPR Cas9 technology in <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>cubense</i> race 1 (Foc1); specifically, to induce targeted mutations on a particular effector gene, SIX9, of Foc1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An <i>in vitro</i> protocol was optimized for the production of the Cas9 protein to target the SIX9 gene testing two gRNAs, by expression and purification of the Cas9, included in plasmids pHis-parallel1 and pMJ922, in <i>E. coli</i> BL21 Rosetta, independently.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results demonstrated that the produced Cas9 exhibits high enzymatic activity, comparable to the commercial standard. These findings underscore the robustness of the in-house enzyme and highlight its suitability for future research and biotechnological applications.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This protocol facilitates the production of recombinant Cas9, enabling its use in various experimental settings and accelerating research in targeted gene editing, an area of significant relevance today. This protocol will support future studies on banana-Fusarium interaction by identifying candidate genes for disease resistance for the plant, or lack of virulence for the pathogen, by establishing the function of SIX effector proteins and evaluating the fungus's infection capacity through pathogenicity assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1523884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and role of <i>CmLhcb2.1</i> in regulating low-light stress resistance in Chinese chestnut (<i>Castanea mollissima</i>).","authors":"Yong Yang, Xuan Wang, Jing Liu, Meng Wang, Liyang Yu, Dongsheng Wang, Jingshi Li, Yi Lu, Jingzheng Zhang, Haie Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1552618","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1552618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chinese chestnut (<i>Castanea mollissima</i>) is a significant woody food plant that has garnered increasing attention due to its potential role in addressing food security challenges. However, low yield remains a critical issue facing the Chinese chestnut industry. One contributing factor to this low yield is insufficient light, particularly since Chinese chestnuts predominantly grow in mountainous regions. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms underlying chestnut resistance to light stress, identify and validate genes associated with low light stress tolerance, and provide a foundation for targeted breeding of chestnut varieties that can withstand light stress. Studies have demonstrated that the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b (<i>Lhca/b</i>) proteins play key roles in regulating the adaptation of plants to low-light stress. However, there have been no reports on the role of the <i>Lhca/b</i> gene family in the chestnut under light stress. We initially identified 17 <i>CmLhca/b</i> gene members across the chestnut genome and constructed a phylogenetic tree that divided them into five subgroups: the Lhca, the Lhcb, the CP24, the CP26, and the CP29 groups. CmLhcb2.1 and CmLhcb2.2 were grouped on the same branch with GhLhcb2.3 of upland cotton that involved in chlorophyll synthesis.The chestnut leaves exhibited phenotypic and transcriptomic differences under low and normal light conditions. By the 10th day of shading treatment, the leaves showed signs of damage, with the extent of damage intensifying as shading intensity increased. Additionally, the leaf color darkened due to the gradual increase in chlorophyll b content, which was correlated with increased shading intensity. The gene <i>CmLhcb2.1</i> was upregulated across all shading intensities. Specifically, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed the upregulation of <i>CmLhcb2.1</i> in chestnut under low-light stress. Overexpression studies in tobacco indicated that <i>CmLhcb2.1</i> enhances chestnut resistance to low-light stress by promoting chlorophyll b synthesis. Finally, yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that the transcription factor <i>CmGLK</i> positively regulated <i>CmLhcb2.1</i>. These findings lay a theoretical foundation for exploring how <i>CmLhcb2.1</i> regulates chestnut resistance to low-light stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1552618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apparent soil electrical conductivity and gamma-ray spectrometry to map particle size fraction in micro-irrigated citrus orchards in California.","authors":"Elia Scudiero, Michael P Schmidt, Todd H Skaggs, Jorge F S Ferreira, Daniele Zaccaria, Alireza Pourreza, Dennis L Corwin","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1512598","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1512598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In specialty crops, water and nutrient management may be optimized using accurate, high-resolution soil maps, especially in resource-constrained farmland, such as California. We evaluated the use of soil apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a) and gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) to map particle size fraction across three micro-irrigated non-saline citrus orchards in California. Our research showed that EC_a was a reliable predictor of soil texture, particularly sand and silt contents, with Pearson correlation coefficients (<i>r</i>) as high as -0.92 and 0.94, respectively, at the field level. Locally-adjusted analysis of covariance (ANOCOVA) regressions using EC_a data returned accurate sand, silt, and clay content estimations with mean absolute errors (MAE) below 0.06, even when calibrated with a limited dataset (n=5 per field). On the other hand, we observed mixed results with GRS. We observed negative correlations between GRS total counts and sand content over the entire dataset (<i>r</i> = -0.55). However, one site (Strathmore) showed a field-scale positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.88). Clay content significantly correlated with gamma-ray total counts (TC) over the entire dataset (<i>r</i> = 0.37) but not at the field scale. Additional soil data analyses using GRS radionuclide ratios and soil laboratory analyses using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and acid ammonium oxalate extractable elements indicated unique geochemical and mineralogical characteristics in Strathmore, suggesting that factors such as soil mineralogy influenced the GRS measurements. This inconsistency prevented the development of a multi-field GRS-based soil texture ANOCOVA model. These findings confirm that EC_a is highly effective for soil texture mapping in non-saline soils using linear modeling, while GRS may require field-specific calibration due to variations in local mineralogy. Integrating multi-sensor data is a viable means for reducing ground-truthing requirements and related costs, and improving the quality and accuracy of soil maps in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1512598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The crosstalk between nitrate signaling and other signaling molecules in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Jingjing Mao, Zhen Tian, Jinhao Sun, Duanfei Wang, Yating Yu, Shaopeng Li","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1546011","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1546011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrate signaling coordinates the expression of a broad range of genes involved in nitrate uptake, transport, and assimilation, playing a crucial role in plant growth and development. Notably, nitrate signaling interacts extensively with various messenger molecules, including phytohormones, calcium ions (Ca²⁺), reactive oxygen species (ROS), peptides, and sucrose. This crosstalk amplifies nitrate signaling and optimizes nutrient uptake, coordinating developmental processes and enhancing stress tolerance. Understanding the interactions between nitrate and these signaling molecules offers valuable insights into improving crop nutrient use efficiency (NUE), stress resilience, and agricultural sustainability. Using <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> as a model, this review consolidates current knowledge on nitrate signaling and its interplay with other signaling pathways that regulate plant development and adaptation. Finally, the review highlights potential genetic strategies for enhancing NUE, contributing to more sustainable agricultural practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1546011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal dynamics of soil microbial symbioses in the root zone of wolfberry: deciphering the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on bacterial and fungal ecological networks.","authors":"Mengyuan He, Qianqian Wang, Yiming Wang, Junhua Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1518439","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1518439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term monoculture of <i>Lycium barbarum</i> significantly affects its productivity and soil health. Soil microbiota, which mediate the sustainable development of soil ecosystems, are influenced by the age of wolfberry plants. However, the comprehensive effects of long-term cultivation of <i>L. barbarum</i> on the soil microbial community are not yet fully understood. Here, we assessed the effects of stand age on the diversity, composition, assembly, and symbiotic networks of bacterial and fungal communities in the root zone soil of <i>L. barbarum</i> using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that stand age significantly affected the α-diversity of bacterial and fungal communities, as evidenced by the tendency of their Shannon and Chao1 indices to increase and then decrease. At the same time, the structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities was significantly influenced by tree age. However, Proteobacteria (28.77%-32.81%) was always the most dominant bacterial phylum, and Ascomycetes (49.72%-55.82%) was always the most dominant fungal phylum. A number of genus-level biomarkers were also identified in soils associated with roots of trees of varying ages. Additionally, stochastic processes dominated the assembly of soil bacterial communities, whereas the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in the assembly of fungal communities fluctuated with stand age. The complexity and stability of bacterial and fungal community networks were notably affected by tree age, particularly in networks from 10- and 15-year-old trees. The partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) analysis emphasized that stand age can indirectly regulate the diversity and network complexity of both bacterial and fungal communities by influencing soil physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the bacterial community, but not the fungal community, exhibited direct and strong regulation of network complexity. The study offers valuable data for improving the soil quality and fruit yield of <i>L. barbarum</i> under long-term continuous cropping, which has implications for the sustainable development of the <i>L. barbarum</i> industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1518439"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rootstock effect on horticultural performance and fruit quality is not uniform across five commercial apple cultivars in western New York.","authors":"Brian T Lawrence, Gennaro Fazio, Luis Gonzalez Nieto, Terence L Robinson","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1552625","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1552625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The interactive effect of different apple scions with commonly used rootstocks could result in growers selecting an inferior option for tree survival, yield, and fruit quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The long-term tree performance and fruit quality interactions of 19 rootstocks (including Budagovsky, Geneva, and Malling series) and 5 apple cultivars ('Empire', 'Gala', 'Honeycrisp', 'Mustu', and 'Delicious') were explored in two orchards in Western New York. The first orchard examined the five cultivars on dwarfing rootstocks (B.9, CG.4210, G.11, G.16, G.202, G.41, G.65, G.814, M.26, M.9Pajam2, and M.9T337) and was planted at a spacing of 1.22 m x 3.66 m (2,243 trees ha^-1). The second orchard examined the same cultivars on semi-dwarfing rootstocks (B.118, G.214, G.30, G.210, G.935, G.222, M.26, and M.7) and was planted at a spacing of 1.83 m x 4.27 m (1,282 trees ha^-1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following 17 years, the variables of tree mortality, growth, cumulative yield, and cumulative yield efficiency each resulted in a significant interaction between cultivar and rootstock in both orchards. There were no significant interactions on quality variables measured except fruit color of the 3 bi-colored 'Gala', 'Honeycrisp' and 'Delicious' for both the dwarfing and semi-dwarfing rootstocks.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusions: </strong>The implications of the interactions observed are that apple producers should pair specific rootstocks with specific cultivars to optimize orchard performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1552625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}