A Dosbayeva, A Serikbayev, A Sharapiyeva, K Amrenova, A Krykpayeva, Y Kairkhanova, A Dyussupov, A Seitkabylov, Zh Zhumanbayeva
{"title":"POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME: INCIDENCE, BIOMARKERS, AND CLINICAL PATTERNS IN KAZAKHSTAN.","authors":"A Dosbayeva, A Serikbayev, A Sharapiyeva, K Amrenova, A Krykpayeva, Y Kairkhanova, A Dyussupov, A Seitkabylov, Zh Zhumanbayeva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) remains a significant challenge in modern medicine due to its diverse clinical manifestations and long-term impact on patients' health. Identifying risk factors and biomarkers associated with PCS can facilitate early diagnosis and improve patient management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the prevalence, diagnostic markers and clinical characteristics of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) in the Abay region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective-prospective cohort study was conducted among 639 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. Participants were divided into two groups: those with PCS (n=300) and those without (n=339). Clinical and demographic data, laboratory biomarkers, and vaccination history were analyzed. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression, were applied to identify key risk factors and clinical subtypes of PCS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of PCS was 47%, with significant differences observed between groups regarding comorbid conditions, and laboratory biomarkers. PCS patients had a higher incidence of hypertension (47% vs. 23.5%, p=0.003) and diabetes mellitus (10.3% vs. 6.7%, p=0.032). Elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were associated with PCS (p=0.004), whereas hematocrit (HCT) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were lower in PCS patients. Cluster analysis identified four distinct clinical phenotypes, emphasizing the heterogeneity of PCS manifestations. Vaccination status showed a significant inverse correlation with PCS incidence (p=0.002), suggesting a protective effect of higher vaccine doses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCS presents with a broad spectrum of symptoms, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for optimal patient management. Identified biomarkers, including ALP, HCT, and IgG, may serve as potential indicators for PCS diagnosis. Vaccination ap-pears to reduce PCS risk, highlighting the importance of immunization in mitigating long-term COVID-19 complications. These findings contribute to a better understanding of PCS pathophysiology and provide a foundation for future research and personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"184-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Machitidze, N Durglishvili, M Gogashvili, V Nebieridze, J Sepp
{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS TO DEVELOP PATIENT SAFETY KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, BEHAVIORS, AND ATTITUDES IN NURSING STUDENTS - INTERNATIONAL STUDY.","authors":"M Machitidze, N Durglishvili, M Gogashvili, V Nebieridze, J Sepp","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient safety education is a foundational component of quality nursing practice. Adequately trained nurses are essential to prevent harm and ensure effective, ethical, and responsive healthcare delivery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of educational interventions on the development of patient safety knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors among nursing students in Georgia and Estonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed. Data were collected from 269 nursing students: 216 from Georgia (197 vocational, 19 undergraduate) and 52 from Estonia (9 undergraduate, 43 graduate). Structured questionnaires with closed and open-ended questions were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analyzed using IBM SPSS, and thematic analysis was conducted for qualitative responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings identified associations between Georgian and Estonian nursing students in clinical experience, educational exposure, and self-assessed competence in patient safety. In Georgia, 28% of vocational students had no clinical experience, while 42% of Estonian undergraduates reported three years of clinical practice. Georgian vocational education primarily relied on lectures (41%), whereas Estonian programs incorporated more simulation-based training (65%) and interactive seminars. Post-intervention self-assessments showed notable improvement in perceived knowledge, with Estonian students exhibiting the greatest gains. Teamwork, infection control, and critical thinking were the most frequently reported competencies. Behavioral change post-training was reported by 93% of Georgian undergraduates and all Estonian respondents. However, 25% of Georgian vocational students did not recognize attitudinal shifts despite reporting skill development. Students across all programs expressed a desire for more practical training and diverse educational methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Estonian nursing education demonstrates greater integration of experiential learning and critical self-reflection, fostering stronger patient safety competence. Georgian vocational programs require modernization and curricular reform to align with international patient safety standards. Prioritizing interactive, simulation-based, and case-oriented learning can significantly enhance nursing education outcomes in Georgia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G Chekhovska, N Pustova, I Chaplyk-Chyzho, I Kachailo, A Sypalo, G Gradil, M Lytvynenko, K Lobashova, N Piriatinska, T Kudriavtseva, V Gargin
{"title":"CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL EXPLORATION OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ONYCHOMYCOSIS.","authors":"G Chekhovska, N Pustova, I Chaplyk-Chyzho, I Kachailo, A Sypalo, G Gradil, M Lytvynenko, K Lobashova, N Piriatinska, T Kudriavtseva, V Gargin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The last decades regarding diseases of fungal etiology are characterized by a tendency towards changes in the understanding of the etiology and clinical picture of such lesions, and accordingly, the development of new treatment methods is necessary. The goal of our work was to optimize medical care for patients with onychomycosis through the use of therapeutic agents that improve the structure of the nail plates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study involved 147 patients with various forms of onychomycosis of the hands and feet aged 23 to 79 years. Patients in the main group were offered to use a systemic antifungal drug with a drug that contains biotin and improves the structure and speed of nail plate growth. Patients in the control group used only a systemic antifungal drug. Examination of patients was performed with microscopic examination of pathological material (pieces of nail fragments), cultural study, PCR, epiluminescence surface microscopy of affected nail plates, dermatoscopy, determination of nail plate damage index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the beginning of treatment, the most common clinical manifestations of onychomycosis were as follows: hyperkeratotic changes were observed in 44 patients (47.3%) of the main group and in 30 patients (55.6%) of the control group; onycholysis in the form of partial or complete detachment of the nail plates from the nail bed was observed in 26 patients (28.0%) with combined therapy and in 38 patients (70.4%) of the control group; destruction of the nail plates to their complete absence was observed in 4 patients of the main group and in 3 patients of the control group; color change was observed in almost all patients of both groups - 96.8% of the main group and in 96.3% of the control group; Surface deformation is also a characteristic sign of onychomycosis and at the beginning of treatment it was observed in a weak degree of severity in 41 patients (44.1%), in a moderate degree - in 26 (27.9%), in a significant degree - in 19 patients (20.4%). As for the patients of the control group, the largest number of them had moderate surface deformation in 25 patients (46.3%), then 14 patients (25.9%) with significant changes in the form of transverse and longitudinal striations, there were no surface changes at all in 11 patients. Such a symptom as a change in the free edge was completely absent in 10 patients (18.5%) of the control group and in 24 patients (25.8%) of the main group. The highest percentage of changes among the main group - 29.0% was observed in patients with moderate degree of delamination in 27 patients, absence - in 19 patients (20.0%), and insignificant in the form of slight partial delamination in 23 patients (24.7%). As a result of the treatment, it was found that the growth rate of nail plates in patients receiving complex therapy was 1.4 times (0.77±0.02 cm) higher than in patients in the control group, whose average growth rate was 0.53±0.03 cm.</p","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"158-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN QUALITY OF TEACHING AND STUDENT'S SUCCESS AT THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE IN KOSOVO.","authors":"A Ismaili, A Murati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-quality education, research and innovation have a crucial role in the social cohesion support, economic development and global competition. Additionally, education development is crucial for the socio- economic and cultural development of a particular country. The most significant mission of the educational institutions is to ensure qualitative education for their students, and to guarantee them a qualitative degree. This study is a quantitative analysis grounded in a questionnaire survey, and aims to evaluate the quality of teaching at the departments of Physiotherapy and Nursery in the Faculty of Medicine in Kosovo, as well as to evaluate the correlation between the teaching quality and students' achievements. This study includes 175 students. Out of this cohort, 90 students are from the Nursery department, and 85 students from the Physiotherapy department. Data were collected through a questionnaire, which contains 27 closed-ended questions. 72.6% (n=127) of the study respondents, confirmed that various teaching methods were used. Additionally, 71.4% (n=125) confirmed that lecturers encouraged critical thinking, and that they were attractive and creative during the class. Further, 81.7% of the study participants verified that the knowledge gained was in the accordance with the syllabus, and the theoretical knowledge was adequate in relation to practical skills acquired for the job market demand. Most of the students affirmed that there were provided adequate literature, had access to comfortable classrooms equipped with auto-visual, laboratories well supplied with the necessary equipment, tools and reagents. To conclude, students' opinion on the study program were mostly positive, but they emphasized the great need for a better interconnection between theory to practical skills, and improving laboratories with newest equipment is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"49-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Myktybayeva, K Kurakbayev, Zh Buribayeva, M Karataev, A Turekhanova, Zh Kypshakbayeva, M Khalmirzaeva
{"title":"REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF WOMEN IN PENITENTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY IN KAZAKHSTAN.","authors":"S Myktybayeva, K Kurakbayev, Zh Buribayeva, M Karataev, A Turekhanova, Zh Kypshakbayeva, M Khalmirzaeva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global increase in female incarceration has raised concerns about the adequacy of prison healthcare, particularly reproductive health services. In Kazakhstan, prisons were designed for men and fail to address women's distinct needs. This study explores reproductive health issues among incarcerated women, focusing on healthcare access, psychological well-being, and risky behaviours.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods study was conducted in six correctional facility in Kazakhstan. Quantitative data from 300 women were collected using medical records and structured surveys. Qualitative insights were gathered through focus groups. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis to explore links between healthcare access, substance use, and health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>59% of participants reported satisfactory health; 46% encountered obstacles accessing care. STIs were present in 40% of inmates, and 18% had HIV. A moderate negative correlation was found between drug use and health status (r = -0.31). Access to reproductive health education showed a weak positive association with health outcomes. Incarcerated women in Kazakhstan face significant reproductive health disparities, including high rates of STIs (40%), HIV (18%), and depression (68%). Substance use correlated with poorer health, while access to reproductive health education showed tentative associations with better outcomes. Systemic reforms are urgently needed to address healthcare access, hygiene, and mental health support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incarcerated women in Kazakhstan face serious reproductive health challenges, including limited care access, high rates of infection, and mental health burdens. Urgent reforms are needed to improve medical services, hygiene, and reproductive education in prisons. Addressing these issues is critical for safeguarding human rights and improving public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y Muratov, Y Iztleuov, N Aldasheva, V Brzheskiy, N Imanbayev, R Irmekbayev, M Taushanova
{"title":"TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHEMOTHERAPY ON THE VISUAL ORGAN IN MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.","authors":"Y Muratov, Y Iztleuov, N Aldasheva, V Brzheskiy, N Imanbayev, R Irmekbayev, M Taushanova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer therapies such as chemotherapy enhance the survival rates but come with side effects such as ocular toxicity which reduces the QoL.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the impact of chemotherapeutic agents on the visual system and the effects of visual loss on QoL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An initial search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus was done based on keywords and the search resulted in 909 articles. Criteria include chemotherapy-induced ocular toxicity and QoL; the type of articles included in the study included randomized controlled trials, cohorts, and case reports published within the past decade. The synthesis of findings was done through the extraction of data and quality assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review pointed out different drugs that are known to cause ocular toxicity such as keratitis, conjunctivitis, retinopathy, optic neuropathy, and cataracts. Ocular complaints including visual changes, blurring of vision, and eye ache were frequently mentioned. These side effects, which developed several days to weeks after the treatment, affected the patient's functioning and quality of life. The ophthalmologic effects of sorafenib are best managed through early identification and a multiple-disciplinary approach with oncologists and ophthalmologists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chemotherapy-related ocular toxicity, often unnoticed, poses catastrophic threats to health-related quality of life. It is crucial to maintain early detection and follow-up to prevent severe effects and provide complete care for cancer patients. Future studies should focus on uncovering processes by which ocular toxicity occurs and identifying effective prevention methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Khalmirzaeva, A Kurmanova, D Salimbayeva, G Urazbayeva, G Kurmanova, Zh Kypshakbayeva, G Koshkimbayeva
{"title":"MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF OBSTETRIC ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME.","authors":"M Khalmirzaeva, A Kurmanova, D Salimbayeva, G Urazbayeva, G Kurmanova, Zh Kypshakbayeva, G Koshkimbayeva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disease marked by antiphospholipid antibodies, causing thrombosis and obstetric complications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explores molecular mechanisms, endometrial receptivity, and clinical parameters linked to APS, focusing on pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, preterm delivery, recurrent implantation failure (RIF), and thrombosis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted through Scopus, WoS, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, including studies published between 2019 and 2024. 17 relevant original research studies were selected, focusing on clinical trials and observational studies. Narrative reviews and meta-analyses were excluded, with priority given to preeclampsia-specific studies to explore the immune and vascular dysfunction link in APS patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key findings include the correlations between elevated antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), including aCL and aβ2GPI, poor vascularization of the uterus, and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) reports. Preeclampsia is closely linked to APS, resulting in immune and vascular dysfunctions that exacerbate complications, including miscarriage, preterm delivery, and fetal death. ELISA, Doppler ultrasound, and genetic testing are some of the diagnostic methods applied. The aPL autoantibodies along with inflammatory markers like CRP and TNFSF13B, an increase in cytokine imbalance, are associated with many pregnancy complications such as early-stage miscarriage and preterm delivery. Deficient inflammation resolution and adequate uterine perfusion, abnormal uterine blood perfusion, and chronic infection significantly impact rates of perinatal illness and death which emphasizes the problem in identifying and managing APS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review focuses on the effects of the antiphospholipid syndrome on the endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcomes, paying special attention to how early diagnosis and treatment can enhance the chances of a successful pregnancy and reduce complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"131-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T Abilov, I Ismailova, Zh Shaimbetov, N Imanbayev, Y Iztleuov
{"title":"IMPACT OF VITAMIN D METABOLISM DISORDERS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE KIDNEY DISEASES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.","authors":"T Abilov, I Ismailova, Zh Shaimbetov, N Imanbayev, Y Iztleuov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune regulation and renal physiology. It acts as a modulator of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Vitamin D enhances the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, thereby strengthening their phagocytic and chemotactic functions. Its deficiency has been associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune renal diseases; however, the clinical and molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain insufficiently understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This systematic review focused on systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis (LN), IgA nephropathy (IgAN), and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). The objective was to identify and synthesize available literature addressing the association between autoimmune kidney diseases and the dysregulation of vitamin D metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies published between 2020 and 2025 were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The inclusion criteria emphasized investigations assessing vitamin D status and metabolism within the context of autoimmune kidney diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis demonstrated that patients with LN, IgAN, and AAV exhibit a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, with rates frequently exceeding 70 percent. These values serve as descriptive summaries rather than as combined or pooled estimates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FEATURES OF THE EFFECT OF SCORPION VENOM ON THE IMMUNE DEFENSE SYSTEM OF THE MAMMALIAN LIVER (REVIEW).","authors":"O Haidai, I Samborska, O Maievskyi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Toxic liver damage due to exposure to poisons, including those of animal origin, is often associated with lymphocytic infiltration, and the nature and degree of inflammation determine the rate of progression and severity of damage. The mechanisms by which toxic compounds activate immune-mediated pathways of liver damage are still being actively studied, however, liver infiltration by effector lymphocytes is a common phenomenon, leading to the destruction of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes and a persistent shift in the structural and functional characteristics of the organ Aim of study: To determine the features of the effect of scorpion venom on the immune defense system of the mammalian liver.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A thorough literature analysis was conducted on the basis of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. When processing the search results, we chose the newest publications up to 5 years old or the most thorough publications that vividly described the essence of our topic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scorpion venom causes the development of local, cardiotoxic, neurotoxic effects and effects of autonomic nervous system. Depending on the predominance of a particular component in the venom, a wide range of clinical signs and symptoms can be observed from local reactions (hyperemia, pain, edema) to serious consequences, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiac or neurological complications. The influence of toxic components on the structural and functional parameters of the mammalian liver is currently at the stage of comprehensive and thorough study. It has been established that under the conditions of administration of scorpion venom to experimental animals, hydropic degeneration and karyorrhexis of hepatocytes, fibrinoid necrosis, blood stasis in the vessels, an increase in the level of enzymes - ALT, AST, LDH were noted. At the same time, activation of the liver's immune defense mechanisms was observed. Cellular components in this case played an important role in activating inflammation and damaging the organ's structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"212-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O Babkina, S Danylchenko, I Korobko, O Yanchevskyi, A Kravchenko
{"title":"FEATURES OF DIAGNOSTICS OF FATAL KIDNEY INJURY IN MEDICAL PRACTICE.","authors":"O Babkina, S Danylchenko, I Korobko, O Yanchevskyi, A Kravchenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine how temperature changes over time in injured and uninjured kidney tissues, based on the time elapsed since trauma and death. Additionally, develop a regression model to estimate the time of death using temperature measurements from the abdominal organs.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included data from 256 individuals (both males and females aged 20-60 years) who died from mechanical trauma. Tissue temperatures were measured using infrared thermometry at various times within 24 hours after death. The analysis covered temperature measurements of the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, skin, and the thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Determining the exact time of death remains a complex aspect of forensic practice, especially in cases involving traumatic injuries. Often, the moment of injury does not match the time of death: the person may die immediately at the scene or after some delay-during transport or at a medical facility. Therefore, distinguishing between the \"time of injury\" and the \"time of death\" is crucial for accurate forensic evaluation. A statistically significant decrease in temperature was observed in both injured and uninjured kidney tissues. The temperature in the injured areas stayed consistently higher by 2-3 °C (±0.28) compared to uninjured regions. The temperature difference between the right and left kidneys was 1.5-2 °C (±0.14), likely due to anatomical factors that offer greater protection to the right kidney. The sex of the deceased did not affect temperature indicators. A regression model was created to estimate the time of death with high accuracy (R² = 0.86), including temperatures of several parenchymal organs, skin temperature, subcutaneous fat thickness, and ambient temperature. All predictors in the model were statistically significant (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The developed multivariate regression model, which considers temperature parameters of injured and uninjured parenchymal organs, serves as a promising tool for forensic estimation of the time of death. Our study's findings emphasize the potential of infrared thermometry in forensic practice as a quantitative method for determining the post-injury interval and the time of death.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 363","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}