Georgian medical news最新文献

{"title":"EFFICACY AND PROGNOSIS OF ANTI-VEGF AGENTS COMBINED WITH PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: A CLINICAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.","authors":"H-T Bi, Y Wang, T-T Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading global cause of blindness, significantly affecting the quality of life of patients with diabetes. This clinical observational study was designed to comprehensively assess the synergistic effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs and panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) on the progression of DR and visual outcomes. A total of 120 patients with severe non-proliferative or proliferative DR were prospectively recruited and randomly assigned into two groups: the combination therapy group (anti-VEGF + PRP) and the PRP monotherapy group. The results clearly demonstrated that the combination group achieved remarkable anatomical and functional improvements, with a more substantial reduction in macular edema and neovascularization. Long-term follow-up over 24 months further revealed better visual acuity retention and a lower incidence of complications in the combination group. These findings strongly support the integration of anti-VEGF agents into traditional PRP protocols for the effective management of advanced DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19 REINFECTION IN PATIENTS TREATED IN A HIGH-ALTITUDE REGION.","authors":"W Gomez-Gonzales, J Martínez, L Chihuantito-Abal, J Ordoñez, Y Acuña, L Pancorbo, M Gómez-Livias","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the challenge of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, particularly with the emergence of new variants. This study aimed to identify epidemiological and clinical factors associated with COVID-19 reinfection in patients treated in the Cusco Region of Peru during 2022, a high-altitude area with unique demographic and geographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, observational, case-control study was conducted, analyzing 216 patients (108 reinfection cases and 108 primary infection controls). Data were collected from clinical records and analyzed using statistical methods, including chi-square tests and multivariate regression. The study focused on demographic, epidemiological, and clinical factors, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Males had a 1.51 times higher risk of reinfection compared to females (p<0.05). Patients from regions outside Cusco had a 16.03 times higher risk of reinfection than local residents (p<0.05). No significant associations were found between reinfection and clinical factors such as symptoms or comorbidities. The overall reinfection rate was 0.97%, consistent with global trends.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that high altitude may confer protective effects against reinfection, potentially due to physiological adaptations to hypoxia. Males and individuals with interregional mobility were identified as high-risk groups. These results highlight the need for tailored public health strategies in high-altitude regions, focusing on surveillance and prevention for vulnerable populations. Further research is recommended to explore the biological mechanisms underlying these findings and to assess the impact of emerging viral variants on reinfection dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ALIGNMENT OF HEALTHCARE TRAINING CRITERIA IN UKRAINE WITH EUROPEAN STANDARDS.","authors":"I Dvulit, N Dymar, P Kuzyk, I Marush, S Chugin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Providing medical care for the population in the context of modern societal development requires a constant review of specialist training standards in medicine. Currently, Ukraine is undergoing a process of harmonising its medical education standards with European requirements, which is an important step towards integration into the common European educational space and ensuring a high quality of medical personnel training. The study aimed to analyze the key aspects of harmonising medical education in Ukraine with European standards and the challenges and prospects of this process at the current stage of societal development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To create a narrative review, we implemented a bibliographic method to gather and analyze the relevant literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As a result of the research, it was identified that the most significant changes needed in the harmonisation process concern educational programmes, postgraduate education, and the accreditation system.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Now, medical education has a promising future. Firstly, the balance between theoretical training and practical learning of higher education students is to be improved, the postgraduate education and certification system of doctors is to be developed, international cooperation and mobility programmes to be carried out, and finally, medical education to have improved infrastructure and funding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"166-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF THE MORBIDITY RATES OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR THE PERIOD 2012-2022.","authors":"B Imasheva, M Kamaliev, V Lokshin, N Narymbaeva, S Yerkenova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is a gynecological disease characterized by pathological overgrowth of the endometrium as a result of the unhindered action of estrogens. The relevance of studying this disease is based on the morbidity rate of this disease in women in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which, in the absence of timely diagnosis, treatment and dynamic monitoring, may lead to the rapid progression to endometrial cancer (EC).</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To analyze the morbidity rates of EH and its histological types in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2012-2022.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A descriptive, retrospective epidemiological analysis of the morbidity of EH and its main histological types among the female population of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022, was carried out. The study used data from the Information System \"Electronic Register of Inpatient Patients\" for newly identified cases with histologically confirmed diagnoses according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10 WHO revision, N85.0 - Glandular endometrial hyperplasia (non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia), N85.1 - Adenomatous endometrial hyperplasia (atypical hyperplasia endometrium). Epidemiological indicators were calculated per 100,000 female population. The database formation and statistical processing of the results were carried out using Microsoft Excel and the statistical package of the SPSS Statistics 27 program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed an increase in the morbidity of EH and its main histological types in the Republic of Kazakhstan over the period 2012-2022. It was noted that with the alignment of the dynamic range indicators, the morbidity of EH increased by an average of 13.7% annually. During the analyzed period, the average annual morbidity of EH was 4.59±0.81 cases per 100,000 female population (95% CI=2.77-6.40), atypical EН - 4.32±0.78 (95% CI=2.61-6.04), atypical GE - 0.26±0.59 (95% CI=0.13-0.39), respectively. The main trends of changes in the morbidity of EH in the context of regions have been identified. It was found that the peak morbidity of EH and its main histological types occurred in the age group of 45-49 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identified trends in the morbidity of EH and its histological types in the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan have shown the need for a more detailed study of risk factors contributing to the development of EH and the improvement of healthcare services.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAG2 AS A KEY MEDIATOR IN PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS-INDUCED PERIODONTAL INFLAMMATION.","authors":"L Rui, Z Pengpeng, W Wenjie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a key pathogen in chronic periodontitis, but its exact pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the transcriptomic changes induced by P. gingivalis and identify potential key pathways involved in periodontal pathogenesis. We performed high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analyses on oral epithelial cell exposed to P. gingivalis. Differential gene expression analysis revealed 106 significantly altered genes (p<0.05, |log2FC|>1). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of TNF signaling, Notch signaling, and ribosomal pathways. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified JAG2, a Notch ligand, as a key hub gene significantly downregulated in P. gingivalis-treated samples. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of P. gingivalis-induced periodontal inflammation and suggest potential therapeutic targets, particularly within the Notch and IL-6 signaling pathways, for the treatment of periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"90-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIOCULTURAL IMPACT ON STUDENTS IN A STRESSFUL ENVIRONMENT: MEDICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT.","authors":"Z Davydova, N Pustova, N Popova, I Kachailo, O Gulbs, S Dikhtyarenko, V Lantukh, M Minin, I Torianyk, V Gargin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of increasing global academic mobility, international medical students face unique academic, cultural, and linguistic challenges that extend beyond general educational experiences. This study investigates how the language of instruction, sociocultural environment, and institutional context collectively affect learning outcomes, clinical communication skills, and well-being among mobile medical students. Through a comparative analysis of four distinct groups - based on the language of instruction and country type - this study identifies critical linguistic and psychological factors that shape educational success. Results indicate that students enrolled in English-taught programs in non-native English-speaking environments demonstrate high levels of professional comprehension and social adaptation. Conversely, students studying in unrelated national languages report lower integration and increased academic stress. Findings highlight the need for language support, intercultural training, and tailored pedagogical frameworks to ensure academic equity for future healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"113-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF PERIODONTAL POCKET MICROBIOTA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS.","authors":"Z Khabadze, A Vasilyev, A Kulikova, Y Generalova, M Dashtieva, Y Bakaev, A Umarov, F Badalov, A Wehbe, I Bagdasarova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Periodontal diseases are considered to be among the most prevalent diseases in the maxillofacial region. As indicated by contemporary data, the etiology of inflammatory periodontal diseases is attributed to the accumulation of microbial biofilms on the surfaces of teeth in close proximity to periodontal tissues. The increased activity of periodontopathogenic bacteria can lead to the activation of the body's immune response cascade, which can contribute to the development of gingivitis and periodontitis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the composition of the microbial association of the periodontal pocket in patients exhibiting varying degrees of periodontal tissue damage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The microbiologic composition of periodontal pocket contents was studied in a cohort of 34 patients diagnosed with K05.3 Chronic periodontitis. The state of periodontal tissues was evaluated using clinical, instrumental, and radiologic examination methods. The contents of the periodontal pocket were utilized as a subject for examination. The primary identification of microorganisms was carried out by means of the MALDI TOF MS method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the study indicated the presence of various indicators of microbial composition in patients exhibiting different degrees of periodontal tissue lesions. The contents of the periodontal pocket were found to contain both aerobic and anaerobic representatives of bacterial flora. Furthermore, the presence of representatives from the periodontopathogenic spectrum of microorganisms was detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The microbial composition of the contents of periodontal pockets varies according to the extent of damage to periodontal structures. As the severity of the disease worsened, there was a shift towards an increase in the number of obligate microorganisms and a decrease in species diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCREEN BEHAVIOR AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTS IN ADJARA.","authors":"A Khaleel, E Nikoleishvili, N Kharati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents' daily lives have been greatly changed by the rapid spread of technology and the increased accessibility of screens. With the pervasive use of screens in daily life, understanding the relationship between screen habits and mental health is crucial. This research investigates the association between different types of screen behavior (social media, video games, and TV viewing) and mental health outcomes among adolescents in Adjara, Georgia. A cross-sectional method was used. A total of 384 samples were collected, and the study focused on two unique age groups, namely those aged 14 to 18 years and 19 to 24 years. The research revealed significant gender- and age-related differences in the association between screen behavior and mental health outcomes. The extensive users of social media, particularly females in the age group 19-24, have comparatively higher rates of depression identified through the self-report scale. Moreover, the research establishes a significant correlation between the levels of anxiety and the use of social networks and highlights the outcomes of screen time. Residency also appears to play the role of an independent variable that affects the mental health of teenage males, notably males aged 14-18, specifically in the context of self-esteem. Cultural and environmental differences such as differences between rural, high mountainous areas of Adjara, where people are more conservative and have less access to the internet, and the urban city center, where screen usage is more prevalent. These differences impacted self-esteem, with males in rural areas reporting higher self-esteem compared to their urban counterparts. Knowledge of these dynamics is crucial in constructing strategies that will ensure healthy screen habits and good mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTIC CHANGES IN FOOT MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS IN OVERWEIGHT ARMENIAN ETHNIC GIRLS OF THE SAME SOMATOTYPE AND AGE GROUP.","authors":"K Nebogova, L Mkrtchyan, A Karapetyan, K Simonyan, M Danielyan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identify the predominant somatotypes among Armenian ethnic girls aged 16-20 and to evaluate correlations between excess weight, somatotype, and morphometric alterations in the feet, lower limbs, and spine. Somatotypes were classified according to Chernorutsky's system (types A, H, I, O, T, and X). The study included Armenian ethnic 30 girls representing A, H, O, and X somatotypes. A significant correlation was observed between somatotype (particularly when compounded by excess weight) and morphometric deviations in the feet, lower limbs, and spinal curvature.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"87-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPLICATIONS OF SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM EXTRACTS TO REDUCE MULTI-DRUG RESISTANCE OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE IN INDUCED URINARY TRACT INFECTION OF FEMALE RATS.","authors":"M Shwaish, M Askar, M Al-Qaysi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have reported on the multi-drug resistance of urinary tract infection (UTI)-causing bacteria, thus requiring alternative solutions for this disease. In the past, UTIs were often prevented and cured using medicinal plants. Thus, this study evaluated the potential of Syzygium aromaticum or clove extract to mitigate UTI caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae using an animal model. In this study, 40 female rats were randomly assigned into five groups, each comprising eight rats: G1(negative control): Healthy, untreated rats; G2(positive control): Rats infected by K. pneumoniae and untreated; G3(T1): Rats infected with UTI using K. pneumoniae and subjected to 250 mg/kg/day clove extract orally thrice daily; G4(T2): Rats infected with UTI using K. pneumoniae and subjected to 500 mg/kg/day clove extract orally twice daily, and G5(T3): Rats infected with UTI using K. pneumoniae and subjected to 750 mg/kg/day clove extract orally once daily. The experiment was carried out for 10 days. Creatinine, urea, and complete blood count (CBC) levels for the G2 group increased significantly (P≤0.01) compared to G1. Meanwhile, there was a significant decline (P≤0.01) in all three parameters for the T1, T2, and T3 groups. Nonetheless, most parameters in the treatment groups returned to normal levels after 10 days of therapy and were comparable to G2. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated the distinctive effect of S. aromaticum on K. pneumoniae infection, characterised by a rough or wrinkled cell surface, deep pores, altered shape, cavitations, and cracks with the leaking of intracellular contents. In summary, this study demonstrated the potential of the hydroethanolic clove extract at different doses and intervals as a promising alternative solution to reduce bacterial resistance, which was primarily due to the safety of active ingredients in the phytochemical extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":12610,"journal":{"name":"Georgian medical news","volume":" 360","pages":"124-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}