IMPORTANCE AND URGENCY OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES OF COMPLICATIONS IN ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS - LITERATURE REVIEW.

During orthodontic treatment patients' oral condition changes, thus influencing the overall health. Therefore, the treatment approaches require regular revision and updates to new guidelines. This literature review aims to analyse the oral health status in orthodontic patients focusing on the importance and urgency of treatment, preventive approaches to complications, and effects of the appliances on the oral biome. The review used Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases for article searches dating from 2000 to 2024 on the status of the oral cavity changes during orthodontic treatment. Results have shown that changes in the oral cavity do not depend on the type of orthodontic appliances, both qualitative and quantitative changes in the bacterial flora were detected in cases of using all types of appliances. Orthodontic appliances and treatment may deteriorate overall oral hygiene in patients, particularly when patients practice poor oral hygiene habits, increasing the risks of developing dental decays and periodontal diseases.