Fungal Biology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Combination of fluconazole with natural compounds: A promising strategy to manage resistant Candida albicans infections","authors":"Hui Li,&nbsp;Haisheng Chen,&nbsp;Jing Shi,&nbsp;Hao Jiang,&nbsp;Xiufeng Tang,&nbsp;Zhongxia Zhou,&nbsp;Qing Fan,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Yuguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients admitted to the intensive care unit or immunocompromised patients frequently develop fungal infections. <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C. albicans</em>) is the pathogenic fungus responsible for most invasive fungal infections. Fluconazole (FLC) is the most widely used antifungal agent in clinical practice due to its effectiveness and low cost. However, due to its widespread use, <em>C. albicans</em> is becoming increasingly resistant to FLC. This increase in resistance poses a significant challenge for antifungal treatments. Various attempts have been made to reverse the resistance of <em>C. albicans</em> to FLC, including combinations with natural compounds with low toxicity, low cost, and high antifungal efficacy. Furthermore, various natural compounds have <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> synergistic effects with FLC against <em>C. albicans</em>, particularly when treating resistant isolates. This review summarises natural compounds that, when combined with FLC, exhibit synergistic effects against <em>C. albicans</em>. These combinations were identified through a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases until March 2023. Forty-eight natural antifungal compounds with potential clinical applications were identified. The most common mechanisms underlying their synergistic effects include inhibition of drug efflux, induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The combination of FLC with natural compounds provides potential new therapeutic options against <em>C. albicans</em> infections and offers insights into reversing resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intricate dance: Exploring the interactions between entomopathogenic fungi and insects with special focus on the formation/production of Chinese cordyceps","authors":"Muhammad Zaryab Khalid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arbab Khalid ,&nbsp;Richou Han ,&nbsp;Li Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) represent a specialized group of microorganisms which are distinguished by their ability to infect and kill arthropods. <em>Ophiocordyceps sinensis</em>, a well-known and highly valued EPF species, infects the soil-dwelling larvae of <em>Thitarodes/Hepialus</em> (ghost moths) on the Tibetan Plateau. After the mummification of ghost moth larvae, the fungus-insect parasite complex with a fruiting body is known as Chinese cordyceps. This complex is highly esteemed as one of the most valuable traditional Asian medicines. Notably, the ghost moth larvae can survive several months after infection with <em>O. sinensis</em>, which makes it an exceptional model for gaining insight into the complex mechanisms in the production of Chinese cordyceps. In this review we discussed the interactions of important EPF with some key insects. Specifically, we summarized the mechanisms of EPF's mode of entry and action, uncovering the intriguing processes behind their pathogenicity. We further discussed the influence of fungal toxins on insect physiology and development, revealing the multifaceted effects that result in host mortality. Moreover, we summarized the interaction of EPF with insect's microbiota, revealing the complex dynamics that impact the pathogenic process. However, our primary focus remains on the interaction of <em>O. sinensis</em> with the ghost moth. Such understandings will further improve our knowledge of this complex interplay between <em>O. sinensis</em> and ghost moth, ultimately contributing to the improvement of Chinese cordyceps production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in maize production: A review on late wilt disease control strategies","authors":"Diana Matos ,&nbsp;Paulo Cardoso ,&nbsp;Salomé Almeida ,&nbsp;Etelvina Figueira","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maize production faces many challenges such as fungal infections causing substantial crop losses, with 10–23% annual losses, despite fungicides use. Late wilt disease (LWD), caused by <em>Magnaporthiopsis maydis</em>, is one of these infections. This review shows that although extensive research has been done on identification and detection of pathogen and control methods to mitigate disease impacts, there are still some key factors poorly known, such as interaction with other pathogens and with secondary hosts, mechanisms triggering infection and influence of climate change on disease spread and severity. The method widely used to control this disease is the use of resistant varieties, which are threatened by the development of virulent fungal strains. Despite the availability of agrochemicals on the market such as azoxystrobin, their application can be expensive and increase fungicide resistance may impair their efficiency. Currently, phytopathologists are working to identify new biocontrol agents in plants and soil, however the use of these agents may not be sufficient, and their application can be challenging. The limited information on the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of infection and on plant biochemical, physiological and nutritional status during and after disease and their sensitive to environmental conditions may contribute to the lack of more effective methodologies of disease control. The application of biocontrol agents alone or in combination with conventional strategies emerges as a sustainable alternative that can efficiently control the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9: A cutting-edge tool for cellulase enhancement in fungi","authors":"Vaniksha Pal ,&nbsp;Diksha Sharma ,&nbsp;Punam Vishwakarma ,&nbsp;Dipayan Samanta ,&nbsp;Kumud Ashish Singh ,&nbsp;Jagriti Nagar ,&nbsp;Rajesh K. Sani ,&nbsp;Rohit Rai","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CRISPR/Cas9 system is a cutting-edge gene-editing tool that has recently been introduced for the strain improvement of fungi to enhance their cellulolytic activity. Cellulase is an enzyme complex that hydrolyzes cellulosic fraction of lignocellulosic biomass into glucose which can be converted subsequently into biofuels and other value-added products. Among diverse microbial communities, fungi are considered the most potent cellulolytic candidates but the naturally low cellulase titers have been the major bottleneck in using them for industrial and biotechnological applications. However, CRISPR/Cas9 mediated fungal strain engineering has opened up new avenues to overcome this challenge by enabling precise and efficient genome editing which induces the overexpression of cellulase genes, deletion of cellulase repressors, and alterations in the regulatory elements governing the overall cellulase gene expression. The effective CRISPR/Cas9 systems have already been designed for the functional genome editing of industrially competent cellulolytic fungal strains such as <em>Aspergillus</em> strains, <em>Trichoderma reesei</em>, and <em>Penicillium chrysogenum</em>, however, the technological advancements to establish it across the fungal kingdom are still desired. The employment of CRISPR/Cas9 in fungal strain improvement poses various limitations such as off-target effects, the need for designing suitable delivery methods, and the appropriate selection markers, therefore, future research should focus on addressing these issues and further refining the CRISPR/Cas9 system for fungal strain improvement. Conclusively, this RNA-directed DNA endonuclease system is a promising future tool for improving cellulase production in fungi leading to the development of numerous industrially competent strains, thus, supporting the sustainable development goal (SDG 7) of affordable and clean energy through efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels coupled with other value-added products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of abiotic factors influencing the production of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes in Botryosphaeriaceae","authors":"Julián D. Restrepo-Leal ,&nbsp;Florence Fontaine ,&nbsp;Caroline Rémond ,&nbsp;Olivier Fernandez ,&nbsp;Ludovic Besaury","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> family includes many worldwide fungal pathogens of economically important woody plants. To penetrate and colonize the host, the <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> species utilize a diverse array of Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes (PCWDEs) that deconstruct the main plant cell wall polymers, <em>i.e.,</em> cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectins, and lignins. Although the PCWDEs play an essential role in pathogenicity, little has been done to understand the effect of environmental factors on their production in <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em>. To explore the main factors influencing PCWDE production in <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> species, we performed a systematic search in literature databases, identifying all the existing studies reporting lignocellulolytic and pectinolytic enzyme activities. Sixty-two articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in a meta-analysis of the carbon and nitrogen source effects on the production of laccase, cellulase, xylanase, and polygalacturonase activities. Our results show that poorly-lignified plant cell walls rich in polysaccharides and nitrates enhance PCWDE titers in <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em>. We also discuss the influence of other abiotic factors, such as temperature, pH, metal ions, moisture content, and surfactants. This review may be helpful for future works that aim to increase knowledge on the PCWDE regulation in the <em>Botryosphaeriaceae</em> family.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cycadales' defense against insect and mammalian herbivory: Do endophytic fungi have to say something? - A hypothesis","authors":"Yogesh Joshi,&nbsp;Pooja Bansal,&nbsp;Arjun Lal Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A total of 518 endophytic fungal taxa (excluding 105 taxa identified beyond the level of genus and <em>Mycelia sterilia</em>) from 370 genera belonging to 188 families (including forty six isolates of uncertain taxonomic positions), were isolated from seventeen different Cycads. The results revealed that, although members of Ascomycota were dominant, the presence of Basidiomycota, Mucoromycota, Chytridiomycota, Olpidiomycota and Zoopagomycota couldn't be ruled out.</p><p>The endophytic fungi associated with Cycadales have been reported to exist in different primary lifestyles <em>viz.</em> plant_pathogens (86 genera), wood_saprotroph (78 genera), litter_saprotroph (44 genera), soil_saprotroph (41 genera), animal_parasite (24 genera), unspecified_saprotroph (20 genera), mycoparasite (13 genera), nectar/tap_saprotroph (11 genera), na and lichenized (08 genera each), ectomycorrhizal (07 genera), dung_saprotroph (06 genera), foliar_endophyte and arbuscular_mycorrhizal (05 genera each), epiphyte (04 genera), algal_parasite (03 genera), pollen_saprotroph and root_endophyte (02 genera each), lichen_parasite, unspecified_pathotroph, sooty_mold (01 genera each) (excluding 105 taxa which were identified either up to class, order and family level or are treated as incertae sedis, and <em>Mycelia sterilia</em>) and possibly produce several toxic compounds.</p><p>In a nut shell, the presence of fungal endophytes of different life histories, in a Cycad's endobiome, their long evolutionary history of association with the leaf, and capability of producing several mycotoxins could possibly mediate herbivory, and these specific fungal endophytes could be identified as candidates for future functional study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Fungal Biology Reviews as a repository of valuable scientific photographs and graphics","authors":"Jan Dijksterhuis,&nbsp;Irina S. Druzhinina","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium-induced metal imbalance and cadmium-responsive transcriptional activator Yap1 mediated regulation of metal homeostasis","authors":"Lukman Iddrisu ,&nbsp;Yongbin Li ,&nbsp;Zhijia Fang ,&nbsp;Lijun Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The absorption of cadmium (Cd) initiates a sequence of detrimental effects or harm to organisms. The presence of Cd in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> affects key metal import channels, leading to a disruption in the balance of metal ions inside the organism. <em>S. cerevisiae</em> has established metal homeostasis mechanisms in response to Cd stress, which regulates metal transporters located in the plasma and vacuole membranes. This review analyzes the maintenance of metal homeostasis in <em>S. cerevisiae</em> and its mechanism from three different perspectives: (1) the effects of Cd on metals, (2) the reaction of Yap1 with Cd, and (3) glutathione (GSH) regulates the homeostasis of Yap1 in relation to metal transporters. This helps us to understand how metal homeostasis is maintained in <em>S. cerevisiae</em> when exposed to Cd. The generally held belief is that the reaction to Cd poisoning is strongly linked to oxidative stress. This review will offer insights into new reaction pathways to Cd that are different from oxidative stress, specifically focusing on the Cd(GS)₂ complex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeography and uniqueness of filamentous terrestrial fungi in the polar regions","authors":"Olga A. Grum-Grzhimaylo ,&nbsp;Anastasia A. Shurigina ,&nbsp;Alfons J.M. Debets ,&nbsp;Duur K. Aanen","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fungi are widely distributed on our planet, including in extremely harsh habitats, such as the polar regions. The extreme conditions of those habitats limit the number of organisms capable of living there, but some fungi are adapted to the polar conditions and play essential roles in nutrient cycling. However, knowledge about their diversity, distribution, and functioning is fragmented, and approaches used to study them are diverse, often yielding difficult-to-compare results. We present maps with locations of mycological studies in the Arctic and Antarctica, as well as a list of mycelial fungi found on various terrestrial substrates through cultivation on nutrient media and/or molecular methods. These fungi were identified to the species level based on morphological-cultural features or gene-sequence analysis. Analysis of the methods applied to study fungi in different substrates shows that a combination of multiple methods is optimal to study species composition. The taxonomic affiliation of the identified species to different fungal divisions is largely determined by habitat conditions and research methods. The largest number of species belongs to the divisions Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The predominant ecological groups were saprotrophic and symbiotic fungi. The majority of 1324 discovered fungal species are known as cosmopolitan species. Approximately one-fifth of the fungi were identical between the Arctic and Antarctica, only a few species are known to be endemic to Antarctica or Arctic, and there are 1–6 identified bipolar species. Claims of endemism of polar-region fungi are relatively weakly supported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade-off between soil organic carbon sequestration and plant nutrient uptake in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis","authors":"Sulaimon Basiru ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hijri","doi":"10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2024.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a pivotal role in soil organic carbon (C) dynamics. AMF can channel C obtained from plants into the soil as labile and recalcitrant materials with contrasting impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) reserves. Labile C supply, while increasing microbial biomass, can also elevate microbial respiration, leading to enhanced organic matter turnover. Conversely, the production of recalcitrant materials, including biomass and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) can promote SOC sequestration directly by acting as long-term C storage, strengthening soil aggregates, and promoting the formation of mineral-bound organic carbon. The contrasting impacts of AMF products on SOC often generate controversies regarding the role of AMF communities in C capture, especially under rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. Emerging evidence suggests that distinct AMF phylogeny exhibit varying soil organic matter mobilization and symbiotic nutrient exchange abilities owing to their divergent life histories. However, we argue that resource use efficiency among AMF species significantly influences the phenotypic outcome of AM symbiosis, as well as their impacts on soil carbon dynamics. AMF functional traits favoring recalcitrant C substances including glomalin-related proteins and mineral-associated organic matter over labile C may positively impact SOC sequestration in the long-term. Whereas an AMF functional guild promoting plant growth through labile C (i.e., sugars) exudation may increase SOC turnover leading to lead to SOC loss. Although strong mutualist AMF may negatively impact SOC stocks, they can compensate for this trade-off by depositing fresh, newly fixed C and promoting plant photosynthesis. The ways in which this trade-off is offset can vary among different AMF species and community compositions, warranting further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12563,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Biology Reviews","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1749461324000265/pdfft?md5=eac26518a2b938f6aba8a495ea234566&pid=1-s2.0-S1749461324000265-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}