Frontiers in Materials最新文献

{"title":"Numerically efficient analysis of FRP confined CFST members under lateral low-velocity impact loading","authors":"Jikai Tang, Bin Liu, Lijing Kang, Wei Fan, Debo Zhao, Tao Wang, Liang He, Jing Xie","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1435059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1435059","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete filled steel tube (CFST) structures effectively harness the advantages of FRP materials, improving the performance of CFST structures and overcoming durability issues of steel tubes. Three-dimensional detailed finite element (FE) models are usually employed to estimate the impact-resistant performance of FRP confined CFST members under impact loadings. However, detailed FE models are typically complex in modeling and low in calculation efficiency as well as require high performance in computer hardware. Hence, this paper aims to develop an alternative modeling method that can predict the impact behavior of FRP confined CFST members with high efficiency and low requirements in computer resources. The proposed method includes a contact model using mass-spring-damper elements to describe the contact behavior between the impactor and the impacted FRP confined CFST members and a nonlinear fiber-based beam-column element model to simulate the behavior of FRP-confined CFST members under impact loading. The accuracies of fiber-section beam-column elements are carefully examined for FRP confined CFST members based on quasi-static test data reported in the literature. It is found that the fiber-based elements considering confinement effects provided by FRP and steel tubes can accurately predict the force-deformation relationship of the FRP confined CFST members under monotonic loading. By incorporating the strain-rate effects of concrete, steel, and FRP materials, the validated fiber-section elements are employed to simulate eight impact tests on FRP confined CFST members. Good agreements are observed between the results obtained from the proposed models and the experimental data. The computational efficiency of the developed model is three orders of magnitude faster than that of the conventional detailed FE model.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in mechanical wood properties of half-sibling genetic families of black alder [Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.]","authors":"Benas Šilinskas, Iveta Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė, Lina Beniušienė, Marius Aleinikovas","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1425107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1425107","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the wood mechanical properties of black alder [<jats:italic>Alnus glutinosa</jats:italic> (L.) Gaertn.], a widely distributed deciduous tree in Europe valued for its suitability in silviculture and wood industry applications. The aim was to compare these properties among selected half-sib families and assess the relationship between wood hardness and other characteristics. Experimental plantations of black alder progenies from Lithuanian populations were established in different forest regions in 1998. The study analyzed various parameters for different genetic families, including tree diameter, height, wood hardness, moisture content, wood density, and mechanical properties. The findings revealed significant variability in wood properties among half-sib families, highlighting a strong genetic influence. Although the static modulus of elasticity showed no notable difference across families, other properties showed significant variations. Furthermore, the analysis identified weak correlations between wood hardness and other mechanical properties like density, modulus of elasticity, and bending strength. This suggests that wood hardness may not reliably indicate wood quality for industrial applications. Consequently, the study recommends considering alternative non-destructive properties, such as the dynamic modulus of elasticity, in future genetic studies of black alder for more accurate assessments of wood quality.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Room temperature magnetoelectric magnetic spirals by design","authors":"Arnau Romaguera, Marisa Medarde","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1448765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1448765","url":null,"abstract":"Frustrated magnets with ordered magnetic spiral phases that spontaneously break inversion symmetry have received significant attention from both fundamental and applied sciences communities due to the experimental demonstration that some of these materials can couple to the lattice and induce electric polarization. In these materials, the common origin of the electric and magnetic orders guarantees substantial coupling between them, which is highly desirable for applications. However, their low-magnetic ordering temperatures (typically <jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo></mml:math></jats:inline-formula> 100 K) greatly restrict their fields of application. Recently, investigations on Cu/Fe-based layered perovskites uncovered an unexpected knob to control the stability range of a magnetic spiral-chemical disorder-, which has been successfully employed to stabilize magnetic spiral phases at temperatures as high as 400 K. These unexpected observations, which are hard to conciliate with traditional magnetic frustration mechanisms, were recently rationalized in terms of an original, local frustration model that explicitly accounts for the presence of disorder. In this mini-review, we summarize the main experimental observations on Cu/Fe layered perovskites, which show excellent agreement with the predictions of this novel magnetic frustration mechanism. We also present different strategies aimed at exploiting these experimental and theoretical developments for the design of materials featuring magnetoelectric spirals stable up to temperatures high enough for daily-life applications.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of salt erosion on mechanical and drying shrinkage performance of cement stabilized macadam","authors":"Chengbin Wang, Yadi Chen, Baoping An, Qinglin Guo, Yibo Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1453768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1453768","url":null,"abstract":"The arch expansion damage of asphalt pavement is a typical disease in desert Gobi and saline-alkali areas, and the reasons for arch expansion are very complex. Exploring the impact of salt solution on the mechanical and drying shrinkage performances of cement-stabilized macadam helps to clarify the causes of the arch expansion damage. To this purpose, this paper designed a salt solution infiltration experiment, using salt solution infiltration to simulate the transmission and accumulation of salts in cement-stabilized macadam, and carried out the compressive and flexural tests of cement-stabilized mortar and cement-stabilized macadam, and measured the drying shrinkage performance of cement-stabilized mortar and macadam. The results show that the type of salt solution has a significant influence on the weight of the cement-stabilized mortar samples, sulfates will cause the samples to lose weight, while chlorides and mixed solutions cause the increase in weight. Chlorides and sulfates lead to the decrease in the strengths of cement-stabilized mortar and macadam. The salt crystallization will lead to the decline of the drying shrinkage strains of cement-stabilized mortar and macadam, which has a positive action for reducing the drying shrinkage deformation. However, under the combined action of chlorides and sulfates, cement-stabilized macadam expands with the moisture loss. This may be one of the important causes of the arch expansion of asphalt pavement in the Gobi area and saline-alkali area.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"297 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroelastic twin walls for neuromorphic device applications","authors":"Guangming Lu, Ekhard K. H. Salje","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1406853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1406853","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility to use ferroelastic materials as components of neuromorphic devices is discussed. They can be used as local memristors with the advantage that ionic transport is constraint to twin boundaries where ionic diffusion is much faster than in the bulk and does not leak into adjacent domains. It is shown that nano-scale ferroelastic memristors can contain a multitude of domain walls. These domain walls interact by strain fields where the interactions near surfaces are fundamentally different from bulk materials. We show that surface relaxations (∼image forces) are curtailed to short range dipolar interactions which decay as 1/d<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> where d is the distance between domain walls. In bigger samples such interactions are long ranging with 1/d. The cross-over regime is typically in the range of some 200–1500 nm using a simple spring interaction model.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the strength characteristics and micro-mechanism of modified solidified red mud","authors":"Ziyi Ding, Yu Cheng, Lu Jin, Wentong Wang, Shiying Yan","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1461198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1461198","url":null,"abstract":"The residue generated during the production process of alumina, known as red mud, is a type of solid waste. The engineering properties of red mud can be significantly enhanced through the modification and solidification using inorganic materials. This study primarily utilized red mud as the raw material, supplemented with fly ash, lime, and clay, to conduct a solidification experiment of red mud. Orthogonal tests with three factors of two ash ratio (ratio of lime to fly ash), two ash content (total lime and fly ash), and red mud types were designed to study the changes of different ratios and maintenance conditions, etc., on the engineering properties of red mud. In addition, the micro-mechanisms of modified red mud were investigated by means of XRF, XRD, SEM and EDX. The results show that for optimum moisture content, red mud types are the most important influencing factor and for maximum dry density, two ash content is the most important influencing factor. For strength characteristics, the optimum two ash ratio was 1.5:1, the optimum two ash content was 50%, and the optimum red mud types were 70% CRM (red mud made of Chalco Shandong Co., Ltd) mixed with 30% clay. The addition of lime, fly ash, and clay improves the temperature shrinkage coefficient of the red mud. Through the analysis of microscopic composition and structure, it can be seen that goethite (α-FeO(OH)) and magnetite (γ-Fe<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) in the red mud reacted with the modified materials to generate crystalline aluminosilicate and amorphous hydrated silicate gel, and these products together with the original calcium carbonate (CaCO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>), tricalcium aluminate (Ca3Al2O6) and garnet (Ca<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>TiFeSi<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>) in the red mud which have certain strengths enhance the structural strength of the modified red mud. The optimum ratio obtained from the combined test results was lime: fly ash: CRM = 30:20:50. Therefore, using lime, fly ash and clay as modified materials can greatly enhance the engineering properties of red mud and realise the resourceful use of red mud.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the study of AIE polymers","authors":"Yiran Pei, Leixin Liu, Xinfeng Cao, Jian Zhou, Cuiyun Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1446307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1446307","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) can exhibit different properties in different situations, such as non-emission and highly fluorescent in the dissolved state of the molecule and in the aggregate or solid state, respectively. This property of AIE is distinguished from aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) or even the opposite. Combining the AIE phenomenon with different polymers yields different polymers with corresponding AIE properties. In this paper, the mechanism, synthesis, branching and application of AIE in the fields of optoelectronic functional materials, sensors, biology, and environment are reviewed. It is hoped that this review will stimulate more research on molecular aggregates and promote further cross-fertilisation and greater development in the disciplines of materials, chemistry and biomedicine.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on the auxetic mechanical metamaterials and their applications in the field of applied engineering","authors":"Volha Siniauskaya, Hao Wang, Yadong Liu, Yuhang Chen, Michael Zhuravkov, Yongtao Lyu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1453905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1453905","url":null,"abstract":"Metamaterials are artificially created materials or structures with properties not found in nature. They encompass electromagnetic, acoustic, and mechanical metamaterials, which are particularly significant in applied engineering. Mechanical metamaterials exhibit unique mechanical properties such as vanishing shear modulus, negative Poisson’s ratio, negative compressibility, etc. This paper reviews the most commonly used mechanical metamaterials and discusses their applications in the field of applied engineering, specifically in vibration isolation, energy absorption, and vibration reduction. The prospects for future developments in this field are also presented.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on mechanical properties of steel-polypropylene fiber concrete and application of beam structure","authors":"Jiuyang Li, Jingwei Luo, Li Chen, Xinmei Fan, Yuepeng Zhu, Xiaoyu Wang, Jingpeng Guo","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1440466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1440466","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete faces the difficulties of low tensile strength and poor crack resistance in building structures. In order to remedy this deficiency. In this paper, steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (SPFRC) was prepared by adding steel fiber (SF) and three kinds of polypropylene fiber (PF) to C50-grade concrete. The mechanical properties and microstructure of SPFRC were studied with different fiber combinations and content, obtaining the best hybrid combination. Based on this, the bending resistance and cracking of SPFRC beam members were investigated. The results demonstrate that the addition of fiber improves the compressive strength of ordinary concrete by 0.16% ∼ 17.69%, the splitting tensile strength by 15.18% ∼ 47.45%, and the bending strength by 3.54% ∼ 26.77%. Compared with single-fiber concrete, the hybrid fiber can achieve better internal microstructure, which further enhances the mechanical properties of the material. Hybrid fibers overlap within concrete beams, effectively redistributing stress and inhibiting the formation and propagation of cracks. For the three types of SPFRC beams, the cracking load is increased by 14.29% ∼ 28.57% compared with PC beam, the ultimate bearing capacity is increased by 9.68% ∼ 19.35%. The optimal dosage is determined as 1.0% SF, 0.6% Embossed polypropylene fiber (PBF). It provides reference for the application of SPFRC in flexural members.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and property study of sawdust-modified cement mortar","authors":"Yu Cheng, Jiatao Liu, Wentong Wang, Lu Jin, Shiying Yan","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1457167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1457167","url":null,"abstract":"Sawdust, a solid waste generated during stone processing, poses a serious threat to the environment with its untreated accumulation. This paper first analyzes the chemical composition and physical properties of sawdust, and discusses its mechanism of action in cement mortar. By systematically optimizing the blending ratio and modification method of sawdust, the sawdust-modified cement mortar with excellent performance was prepared. This study evaluates the key performance indicators of sawdust-modified cement mortar, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and durability, through a series of experiments. The experimental results indicate that the incorporation of an appropriate amount of sawdust significantly enhances the mechanical properties of cement mortar, while also improving its durability, particularly in terms of freeze-thaw resistance. Microstructural analysis reveals the mechanism by which sawdust improves the pore structure of cement mortar; the active components in the sawdust react with the hydration products of cement, resulting in the formation of crystalline structures with higher strength.Therefore, the use of sawdust as a modifier in cement mortar can improve its mechanical properties and durability, while simultaneously reducing the accumulation of solid waste and promoting the sustainable development of building materials.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}