Frontiers in Materials最新文献

{"title":"A strategy for fabricating a multifunctional hydrogel with enhanced adhesion and ROS-scavenging capabilities","authors":"Yijie Pi, Tianwei Yu, Wen Yao, JingJing Xu, YangYang Peng, Chiwen Cheng, Yanqing Li, Jiale Li, Di Wu, Yifeng Yu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1698044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1698044","url":null,"abstract":"The cornea is a delicate tissue that is particularly vulnerable to injury, which can lead to blurred vision or even irreversible blindness. It is vital to maintain the cornea’s integrity and transparency throughout the healing process, alongside achieving exceptional biocompatibility. Unfortunately, corneal injuries often result in the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can significantly hinder the healing process. To meet the increasing demand for advanced biomaterials that integrate high transparency, strong adhesion, and effective ROS-scavenging properties for corneal regeneration, this study presents an innovative multifunctional composite hydrogel named GOH-S. This hydrogel is formulated using a careful sequential crosslinking strategy that combines gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), oxidised dextran (ODEX), and thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH). The GOH-S hydrogel features an interconnected porous microstructure and impressive mechanical properties. Its exceptional adhesive strength allows it to securely bond to the wound site, effectively resisting blinking or tear flow and natural eye movements. In testing, GOH-S demonstrated over 85% transparency, minimising visual obstruction for patients while facilitating clinical observation and monitoring. The remarkable potential of the GOH-S hydrogel for corneal repair and regeneration is attributed to its dual functionality: efficient scavenging of harmful ROS and outstanding biocompatibility. This advancement presents a significant opportunity to enhance corneal treatment and improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1698044/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147890694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multifunctional cryogel for enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis in bone tissue engineering","authors":"Shenghui Su, Ke Yang, Yu Zeng, Xieping Dong","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1668454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1668454","url":null,"abstract":"Bone defects exceeding self-repair capacity remain a major clinical challenge, necessitating biomaterial-based strategies for effective regeneration. This study developed a multifunctional cryogel integrating copper-containing mesoporous bioactive glass (Cu-MBG) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) into a decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM). The cryogel’s physicochemical properties, including structure, morphology, porosity, degradation, and mechanical strength, were characterized, confirming its suitability for bone tissue engineering. In vitro studies demonstrated that Cu-MBG/Exos@dECM enhanced osteogenic differentiation and promoted angiogenesis by releasing bioactive copper ions from Cu-MBG and regulating cell proliferation and differentiation via BMSC-Exos. Additionally, the cryogel provided a biomimetic microenvironment supporting cell adhesion and extracellular matrix remodeling, synergistically promoting bone regeneration. These findings highlight Cu-MBG/Exos@dECM as a promising biomaterial for bone repair, offering an effective and advanced strategy for treating bone defects.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1668454/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic engineering of central venous catheter based on antibacterial endothelial simulation can effectively antagonize vascular infection and thrombosis","authors":"Quan Ling, Ye Tian, Zhongwei Lv, Jinling Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1643732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1643732","url":null,"abstract":"Background Infection remains a prevalent complication affecting long-term central venous catheter (CVC) implantation. While nitric oxide (NO) demonstrates dual antibacterial and immunomodulatory potential, the therapeutic application of BNN6—a near-infrared-responsive NO donor—in CVC materials requires systematic validation. This study developed a BNN6-integrated polyurethane-polydopamine (PU-PDA) composite coating for CVCs, assessing its structural stability, biosafety, antimicrobial efficacy, and immunoregulatory capacity. Methods The PU-PDA matrix was engineered to encapsulate BNN6 for controlled release of NO. Material characterization included hemocompatibility profiling (hemolysis/coagulation assays) and antibacterial validation against Gram-positive/negative strains. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated through scratch wound healing, transwell migration, and inflammatory mediator expression assays, with intracellular NO dynamics quantified via fluorescence imaging. Results The composite coating exhibited optimal biocompatibility with negligible hemolytic activity (<2%). Bacterial proliferation was suppressed through NO-mediated metabolic disruption, while inflammatory cell motility demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition. Concurrently, upregulated intracellular NO correlated with reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and endothelial adhesion markers. Conclusion The BNN6-PU-PDA system achieves spatiotemporal NO delivery, effectively attenuating microbial colonization and host inflammatory cascades through modulation of inflammatory mediators. This dual-action mechanism positions the material as a promising strategy for infection-resistant CVC development.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinel-functionalized bamboo-derived hierarchical carbon: dual activation strategy for synergistic double-layer/pseudocapacitance energy conversion","authors":"Liwen Jin, Zhi Cheng, Shuhan Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the dual bottlenecks of low intrinsic energy density in carbon materials and poor cycling stability of metal oxides, this study proposes a biomimetic hierarchical pore engineering strategy. Bamboo-derived biochar is transformed into a hierarchically porous architecture via synergistically coupled CO₂ physical activation (PHAC) and KOH chemical activation (CHAC), yielding ultra-micropores (0.55 nm, 42%) and mesopores (1.32 nm, 38%) with a micropore/mesopore volume ratio of 0.45. Ultrasonic-assisted impregnation enables uniform anchoring of 5 wt% MnCo₂O₄ spinel, forming strong interfacial C-O-Mn/Co bonds (12.4%) and mixed Mn³⁺/Mn²⁺ (62:38) that synergistically enhance charge transfer. The composite electrode achieves exceptional performance: 1258 F/g at 1 A/g, 80% capacity retention at 10 A/g, and 59.18 Wh/kg at 8.42 kW/kg. Critically, the dual activation eliminates negative pore volume artifacts and accelerates H⁺ transport in PEMFC hierarchical pores, establishing a new paradigm for hybrid energy storage.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface characteristics and bioactivity of titanium preserved in a baicalin-containing saline solution","authors":"Yao Liu, Yuehua Yang, Xu Liu, Xiao Yu, Chongyun Bao, Xiaosong Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1618664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1618664","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aimed to develop a baicalin (BA)-containing storage saline solution and investigate their effects on the physicochemical properties and bioactivity of sandblasted with large grit and acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces. Materials and methods SLA titanium specimens stored in air and 0.9% NaCl solution were served as controls and stored in three different concentrations of baicalin-containing saline solution were served as experimental groups to investigate the effects of the new storage methods. The specimens were examined for surface microstructure, surface element composition, surface wettability and roughness by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angle measurement and laser confocal microscopy, respectively. In addition, the osteoblasts proliferation assay was used to investigate the bioactivity of the SLA titanium surfaces preserved in different conditions. Results The micron-scale crystals of different diameters were observed on surfaces stored in three different concentrations of baicalin-containing saline solution. XPS analyses revealed that the amount of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) decreased and the carbon (C) increased with the concentration of baicalin increasing. Compared to the control groups, specimens stored in baicalin-containing saline solution exhibited better hydrophilicity. The roughness results showed that specimens stored in 10 µM BA and 100 µM BA solutions displayed lower surface roughness. Moreover, the preservation of specimens in the 100 µM BA solution greatly enhanced the proliferation of osteoblasts. Conclusion The storage of SLA titanium materials in baicalin-containing saline solution, especially in the concentration of 100 µM baicalin, could effectively improve the surface properties and make the environment conducive to the proliferation of osteoblasts, which could be a new type of titanium implant storage solution.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1618664/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of multimodal imaging guided multifunctional bio-targeted reactive oxygen species production synergists: a preliminary study","authors":"Xia Ou, Yu Tang, Haiyan Yang, Yan Du, Zhong Zhang, Li Lin, Qi Wang, Jianzhong Zou","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1550323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1550323","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Pulse focused ultrasound (PFUS) is facing the big challenge of rapid attenuation of ultrasonic energy. Although synergists existed are helpful, they have limitations such as poor targeting, incomplete imaging during therapy, and tumor residue after therapy. This study aims to construct bio-targeted reactive oxygen species (ROS)- producing synergists (abbreviated as B. bifidum @PC-CLs) consisting of Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum ) and multifunctional ROS producing nanoparticles (abbreviated as PC-CLs) loaded with chlorin e6 (Ce6) a multifunctional nd perfuorohexane (PFH), which is expected to make up for the shortcomings of existing PFUS collaborative therapy, and provide an idea for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Methods The PC-CLs were prepared for testing the capability of multimodal imaging, ROS production and SDT intracellular, and synergistic effect in vitro . The tumor-targeted ability of B. bifidum @PC-CLs was detected through electrostatic adsorption. The synergistic therapy and antitumor therapy of B. bifidum @PC-CLs with PFUS were analyzed in vivo . Methods Studies validated that PC-CLs have excellent abilities of multimodal imaging, ROS-producing and SDT-enhancing. Moreover, B. bifidum could not only actively target 4T1 tumor and prolify itself, but also facilitate the delivery and retain of PC-CLs in tumor during electrostatic adsorption. Importantly, B. bifidum @PC-CLs amplified cavitation effect and PFUS-SDT combined antitumor effect. Conclusion A multifunctional bio-targeted B. bifidum @PC-CLs was constructed successful, which may provide an unique nanoparticle platform to guide PFUS for efficient and safety tumor treatment.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1550323/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanopore structure of PLA@SF aligned composite electrospun fiber membrane enhances growth behavior of peripheral nerve cells","authors":"Tao Feng, Yanfang Liu, Yuhuan Lv, Yang Shao, Lifeng Niu, Daguo Mi","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1570738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1570738","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Optimizing the physical microstructure of nerve grafts and enhancing their biological functions to create a microenvironment that favors the regeneration of damaged nerves can significantly improve the recovery of damaged nerve function. Fibers constructed using electrospinning technology can effectively replicate the 3D skeleton of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The impact of the porous characteristics of the fiber surface on cellular growth behavior has attracted considerable attention from researchers. However, there are few studies that have explored the synergistic influence of fiber surface nanotopology and silk fibroin (SF) on peripheral nerve cell growth patterns. Methods This study presents a polylactic acid (PLA)/silk fibroin (SF) composite fiber membrane featuring a nanopore structure on its surface. The following tests were used to characterize the performance of the fiber membrane: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), tensile testing, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, degradation pH assessment, and topological structure stability tests. In addition, we also explored the biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and the influence of the PLA@SF aligned porous composite fiber membrane on the growth behavior of peripheral nerve cells. Results Results from physical and chemical tests indicate that the PLA@SF composite fiber membrane exhibits an appropriate degradation rate, favorable mechanical and hydrophilic properties, and excellent topological structure stability. MTT assays demonstrate that the PLA@SF composite fiber membrane possesses good biological safety. Discussion The synergistic effect of the porous nanostructures and SF improved growth behavior of RSC96 cells: proliferation and migration.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1570738/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced wound healing with chitosan hydrogels incorporating metabolites from whale-derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HJ-S2","authors":"Yizhen Li, Xu Tang, Yang Liu, Xiaofeng Chen, Ling Wang, Yali Su, Wei He, Jingjing Li, Qinmiao Huang, Peng Wu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Two significant barriers to skin wound care are severe inflammatory cascade reactions and microbial infections. The metabolites of probiotics contain various components, such as lactic acid and bacteriocins, which can synergistically maintain skin microecological balance and promote wound healing and tissue regeneration through mechanisms. Methods This study utilized lactic acid bacteria isolated from the whale intestine. Inspired by the concept of the whale’s skin self-repair ability and the influence of gut microbiota on the skin, this study ingeniously utilized the acidic properties of the lactic acid bacteria fermentation broth to dissolve chitosan (CS), forming a hydrogel while simultaneously incorporating the cell-free probiotic metabolites (CFPM) of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HJ-S2 into a stable three-dimensional network structure. Various characterizations were tested, including water content, swelling ability, rheological properties and degradability. Results This resulted in the creation of a medical hydrogel capable of promoting skin wound healing, named PM@CS hydrogel. PM@CS hydrogel exhibited excellent swelling ability in different liquid environment. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydrogel is successfully crosslinked, and thermalgravimetric analysis showed that PM@CS hydrogel was stably degraded under high temperature. PM@CS hydrogel and CFPM of HJ-S2 strongly inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus . The organic acid content of CFPM was analyzed by HPLC, revealing the lactic acid and acetic acid were produced in large quantities as two main organic acid metabolites that may contribute to the antibacterial efficacy. Beyond the outstanding antibacterial ability, application of PM@CS hydrogel led to rapid healing of burn wounds, and diabetic wounds. Discussion The results indicated that the whale-derived probiotics have significant potential for application in treating burns and scalds, particularly in the treatment of diabetic wounds.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and performance of the wide-band highly shielded polyvinylidene fluoride film","authors":"Liwu Fu, Jianfeng Hu, Peng Luo, Dong Xiang, Wenying Hui, Lei Cheng, Yan Zhou, Xiong Zhengrong, Qiwen Yao, Xianghai Jing","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1531950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1531950","url":null,"abstract":"The white weathering layer materials that can effectively block the entire solar light band is of great importance for improving the service life, safety, and reliability of the materials. In this work, CsxWO 3 @PDA was prepared by in situ polymerization to achieve high absorption in the full spectral range and increase the compatibility between CsxWO 3 particles and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). PVDF composite films with different particle contents were prepared through compounding with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and CsxWO 3 @PDA. The prepared composite films were characterized by FT-IR, field emission scanning electron microscopy, universal material testing machine, whiteness meter, and ultraviolet visible spectroscopy. The results showed that the CsPVDF composite films with CsxWO 3 @PDA and TiO 2 exhibited a whiteness level higher than 74, a transmittance of less than 5% in the wavelength range of 200–2500 nm, and a transmittance close to zero in the range below 1750 nm, demonstrating excellent shielding effect. The xenon lamp aging test also confirmed that the composite films had excellent weather resistance after aging 500 h. At the same time, adding a certain amount of CsxWO 3 @PDA could improve the tensile strength of PVDF.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147915922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIF-8/PLA porous composite microspheres: preparation, characterization, and effective removal of gaseous benzene","authors":"Jiali Li, Peijian Sun, Yipeng Wang, Sun Xuehui, Bin Peng, Wei‐li Xu, Mengmeng Liu, Cong Nie","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1552100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1552100","url":null,"abstract":"Benzene is a prevalent environmental contaminant, and its effective removal through adsorption is crucial to mitigate both environmental and health impacts. In this study, a series of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/polylactic acid (ZIF-8/PLA) porous microspheres were prepared to adsorb/remove gaseous benzene. The ZIF-8/PLA microspheres were prepared via the double emulsion-solvent evaporation method with ammonium bicarbonate as the foaming agent, and the structures were well adjusted by varying the fabrication parameters of the microspheres. The adsorption of gaseous benzene by these microspheres was evaluated both in flowing benzene vapor and in cigarette smoke. These ZIF-8/PLA microspheres exhibited an interconnected porous network structure with a high surface area, which is beneficial for the fast gas diffusion and effective adsorption, particularly suitable for complex environments with high gas flow rates. The adsorption capacity of gaseous benzene on these ZIF-8/PLA microspheres is as high as 77–238 mg/g and 18%–44% of benzene can be removed from the cigarette smoke by using these ZIF-8/PLA microspheres as absorbents due to the interconnected hierarchical porous network enhancing the fast gas diffusion and the strong π-π stacking interactions of ZIF-8 towards aromatic hydrocarbons, showing the great potential of these ZIF-8/PLA microspheres as adsorbents for efficient removal of gaseous benzene.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147887044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}