IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020137

Jean-Michel Guenet, Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh, Vakayil K Praveen

引用次数: 0

New Dawn in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Advanced Insight into Polymer Hydrogel Research. 类风湿关节炎治疗的新曙光：聚合物水凝胶研究的先进见解。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020136

Shuai Wang, Jinyang Li, Fazhan Ren, Jiale Zhang, Wei Song, Lili Ren

{"title":"New Dawn in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Advanced Insight into Polymer Hydrogel Research.","authors":"Shuai Wang, Jinyang Li, Fazhan Ren, Jiale Zhang, Wei Song, Lili Ren","doi":"10.3390/gels11020136","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020136","url":null,"abstract":"As a chronic systemic autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) not only damages joints and other organs or systems throughout the body but also torments patients' physical and mental health for a long time, seriously affecting their quality of life. According to incomplete statistics at present, the global prevalence of RA is approximately 0.5-1%, and the number of patients is increasing year by year. Currently, drug therapies are usually adopted for the treatment of RA, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), glucocorticoids/steroids, and so on. However, traditional drug therapy has problems such as long half-lives, long treatment cycles requiring frequent drug administration, lack of specificity, and other possible adverse reactions (such as gastrointestinal side effects, skin stratum corneum barrier damage, and systemic toxicity), which greatly restrict the treatment of RA. In order to improve the limitations of traditional drug, physical, and surgical treatments for RA, a large number of related studies on the treatment of RA have been carried out. Among them, hydrogels have been widely used in the research on the treatment of RA due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and general adaptability. For example, hydrogels can be injected into the synovial cavity of joints as synovial fluid to reduce wear between joints, lubricate joints, and avoid synovial surface degradation. This article reviews the applications of hydrogels in the treatment of RA under different functions and the situation of hydrogels as carriers in the treatment of RA through different drug delivery routes and confirms the outstanding potential of hydrogels as drug carriers in the treatment of RA, which has great research significance.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature-Responsive Micro-Cross-Linking: A Novel Solution for Enhancing High-Temperature Viscosity and Settlement Stability of High-Density Cement Slurry. 温度响应微交联：一种提高高密度水泥浆高温粘度和沉降稳定性的新方法。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020138

Lifang Song, Chengwen Wang, Jingping Liu, Dingye Li

{"title":"Temperature-Responsive Micro-Cross-Linking: A Novel Solution for Enhancing High-Temperature Viscosity and Settlement Stability of High-Density Cement Slurry.","authors":"Lifang Song, Chengwen Wang, Jingping Liu, Dingye Li","doi":"10.3390/gels11020138","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020138","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the problem of solid-phase particle settlement of high-density cement paste used in deep/ultra-deep wells, a temperature-responsive micro-cross-linking method was innovatively adopted to increase the viscosity and settlement stability of high-density cement paste at high temperatures. Through the self-developed suspension stabilizer and cross-linking agent to form micro-cross-linking gel at high temperature, the increase in high-temperature viscosity of cement paste was successfully realized without increasing the low-temperature viscosity of cement paste. Moreover, this micro-cross-linking reaction, together with the hydrophobic binding effect of the suspension stabilizer, strengthened the filamentary linkage network structure in the polymer solution with the formation of a lamellar linkage network structure. This effectively compensated for the decrease in viscosity of the polymer solution with increasing temperature. The results show that the micro-cross-linked system can be successfully cross-linked at elevated temperatures of 120-220 °C in pH 8-13 and salt content of 0-10%. The viscosity of the micro-cross-linked system was 144.5 mPa·s after 20 min at 220 °C with a shear rate of 170 s-1, which was 91% higher than the viscosity of the un-cross-linked system. After curing at 220 °C, the density difference between the top and bottom of the high-density cement was 0.025 g/cm3, which was 84% lower than the un-cross-linked system. This helped the high-density cement slurry to maintain the homogeneity of the components at high temperatures and ensured the high-temperature consistency and suspension stability of the slurry. This study helps to improve the cementing effect of deep/ultra-deep wells and provides a new method to solve the problems of cement slurry settlement and destabilization under high-temperature and high-pressure well conditions.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluoride Release from Two Commercially Available Dental Fluoride Gels-In Vitro Study. 两种市售氟牙凝胶的氟化物释放-体外研究

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020135

Paweł J Piszko, Aleksandra Piszko, Sylwia Kiryk, Jan Kiryk, Julia Kensy, Mateusz Michalak, Jacek Matys, Maciej Dobrzyński

{"title":"Fluoride Release from Two Commercially Available Dental Fluoride Gels-In Vitro Study.","authors":"Paweł J Piszko, Aleksandra Piszko, Sylwia Kiryk, Jan Kiryk, Julia Kensy, Mateusz Michalak, Jacek Matys, Maciej Dobrzyński","doi":"10.3390/gels11020135","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020135","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoride has remained the most important ingredient in the prevention of tooth decay for many years. Therefore, fluoride prophylaxis should be highly individualized to provide patients with maximum benefits while minimizing the risk of toxic effects. This study aims to compare the degree of fluoride ion release from two commercially available dental fluoride gels (Fluormex and Fluor Protector Gel) in five different physiological solutions as well as their effect on pH. The concentration of fluoride ions and pH of tap water, distilled water, demineralized water, NaCl, and artificial saliva were evaluated before and after 48 h after dissolving and incubating the same amounts of gels. The concentration of fluoride ions was higher in solutions containing Fluormex than Fluor Pro-tector Gel (p < 0.05), with the highest concentration in demineralized water (16,917 ppm). It was accompanied by a decrease in pH below the critical value of 5.5 in all solutions except tap water. Not only the composition of the gel but also the chemical composition of the environment affects the release of fluoride ions. No relationship was found between the change in pH and the concentration of fluoride ions.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PoreVision: A Program for Enhancing Efficiency and Accuracy in SEM Pore Analyses of Gels and Other Porous Materials. PoreVision：一个提高凝胶和其他多孔材料SEM孔隙分析效率和准确性的程序。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020132

Levi M Olevsky, Mason G Jacques, Katherine R Hixon

{"title":"PoreVision: A Program for Enhancing Efficiency and Accuracy in SEM Pore Analyses of Gels and Other Porous Materials.","authors":"Levi M Olevsky, Mason G Jacques, Katherine R Hixon","doi":"10.3390/gels11020132","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020132","url":null,"abstract":"Porous gels are frequently utilized as cell scaffolds in tissue engineering. Previous studies have highlighted the significance of scaffold pore size and pore orientation in influencing cell migration and differentiation. Moreover, there exists a considerable body of research focused on optimizing pore characteristics to enhance scaffold performance. However, current methods for numerical pore characterization typically involve expensive machines or manual size measurements using image manipulation software. In this project, our objective is to develop a user-friendly, versatile, and freely accessible software tool using Python scripting. This tool aims to streamline and objectify pore characterization, thereby accelerating research efforts and providing a standardized framework for researchers working with porous gels. Our group found that first-time users of PoreVision and ImageJ take similar amounts of time to use both programs; however, PoreVision is capable of handling larger datasets with reduced variability. Further, PoreVision users exhibited lower variability in area and orientation measurements compared to ImageJ, while perimeter variability was similar between the two. PoreVision showed higher variability in average measurements, likely due to its larger sample size and broader range of pore sizes, which may be missed in ImageJ's manual scanning approach. By facilitating quantitative analysis of pore size, shape, and orientation, our software tool will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of scaffold properties and their impact on cellular behavior. Ultimately, we aim to aid researchers in the field of tissue engineering with a user-friendly tool that enhances the reproducibility and reliability of pore characterization analyses.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of DMSO on PVA/PVDF Hydrogel Properties: From Materials to Sensors Applications. DMSO对PVA/PVDF水凝胶性能的影响：从材料到传感器应用。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020133

Giada D'Altri, Angelica Giovagnoli, Valentina Di Matteo, Lamyea Yeasmin, Stefano Scurti, Isacco Gualandi, Maria Cristina Cassani, Silvia Panzavolta, Mariangela Rea, Daniele Caretti, Barbara Ballarin

{"title":"The Influence of DMSO on PVA/PVDF Hydrogel Properties: From Materials to Sensors Applications.","authors":"Giada D'Altri, Angelica Giovagnoli, Valentina Di Matteo, Lamyea Yeasmin, Stefano Scurti, Isacco Gualandi, Maria Cristina Cassani, Silvia Panzavolta, Mariangela Rea, Daniele Caretti, Barbara Ballarin","doi":"10.3390/gels11020133","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020133","url":null,"abstract":"This research study aims to explore the synergistic effects of incorporating polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels to enhance their suitability for triboelectric sensors applications. The preparation process employs a method of freezing/thawing conducted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), followed by solvent replacement with water. This approach effectively preserves PVDF in its α phase, eliminating piezoelectric effects and enhancing the hydrogels' mechanical properties. The use of DMSO contributes to reduced pore size, while incorporating PVDF significantly improves the three-dimensional network structure of the hydrogels, resulting in enhanced thermal and chemical resistance. Thorough characterization of the resulting PVA/PVDF composite hydrogels, prepared with varying ratios of PVA to PVDF (10:0, 8:2, and 5:5), was conducted by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), rheology, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Notably, the composite hydrogels were tested in pressure sensors and human voice sensors, demonstrating their capability to recognize different patterns associated with various letters. The incorporation of PVDF significantly enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio in PVA/PVDF-based sensors compared with those made solely from PVA, highlighting a notable improvement in voice detection. The enhancements were quantified as 56% for \"a\", 35% for \"r\", and 47% for \"m\".","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) Core as a Gel-Forming Material: Current Status and Untapped Potential. 二酮吡咯（DPP）核作为凝胶形成材料：现状和未开发的潜力。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020134

Abelardo Sánchez-Oliva, Iván Torres-Moya

{"title":"The Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) Core as a Gel-Forming Material: Current Status and Untapped Potential.","authors":"Abelardo Sánchez-Oliva, Iván Torres-Moya","doi":"10.3390/gels11020134","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020134","url":null,"abstract":"The diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) core is widely recognized for its applications in organic electronics and photonics due to its exceptional electronic and optical properties. Recently, DPP-based materials have shown remarkable π-π stacking interactions and tunable self-assembly, making them promising candidates for gel formation. However, the development of DPP-based gels remains in its infancy, primarily hindered by challenges such as limited gelation efficiency, poor mechanical robustness, and sensitivity to environmental conditions. Overcoming these issues is crucial for unlocking their full potential in functional soft materials. This review compiles and analyzes existing studies on DPP-containing gel systems, highlighting their structural versatility, self-assembly mechanisms, and advantages over conventional gelators. By examining these works, we identify key strategies for DPP gel formation, evaluate their physicochemical performance, and discuss innovative approaches to address current limitations. Finally, we propose future research directions to advance the field and establish DPP-based gels as a robust platform for next-generation soft materials.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced Hydrogel Systems for Local Anesthetic Delivery: Toward Prolonged and Targeted Pain Relief. 用于局部麻醉输送的先进水凝胶系统：朝着延长和有针对性的疼痛缓解。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020131

Jin-Oh Jeong, Minjoo Kim, Seonwook Kim, Kyung Kwan Lee, Hoon Choi

{"title":"Advanced Hydrogel Systems for Local Anesthetic Delivery: Toward Prolonged and Targeted Pain Relief.","authors":"Jin-Oh Jeong, Minjoo Kim, Seonwook Kim, Kyung Kwan Lee, Hoon Choi","doi":"10.3390/gels11020131","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020131","url":null,"abstract":"Local anesthetics (LAs) have been indispensable in clinical pain management, yet their limitations, such as short duration of action and systemic toxicity, necessitate improved delivery strategies. Hydrogels, with their biocompatibility, tunable properties, and ability to modulate drug release, have been extensively explored as platforms for enhancing LA efficacy and safety. This narrative review explores the historical development of LAs, their physicochemical properties, and clinical applications, providing a foundation for understanding the integration of hydrogels in anesthetic delivery. Advances in thermoresponsive, stimuli-responsive, and multifunctional hydrogels have demonstrated significant potential in prolonging analgesia and reducing systemic exposure in preclinical studies, while early clinical findings highlight the feasibility of thermoresponsive hydrogel formulations. Despite these advancements, challenges such as burst release, mechanical instability, and regulatory considerations remain critical barriers to clinical translation. Emerging innovations, including nanocomposite hydrogels, biofunctionalized matrices, and smart materials, offer potential solutions to these limitations. Future research should focus on optimizing hydrogel formulations, expanding clinical validation, and integrating advanced fabrication technologies such as 3D printing and artificial intelligence-driven design to enhance personalized pain management. By bridging materials science and anesthetic pharmacology, this review provides a comprehensive perspective on current trends and future directions in hydrogel-based LA delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spray-Drying Microencapsulation of Grape Pomace Extracts with Alginate-Based Coatings and Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds. 海藻酸盐包覆葡萄渣提取物喷雾干燥微胶囊化及酚类化合物的生物可及性。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020130

Josipa Martinović, Rita Ambrus, Mirela Planinić, Gabriela Perković, Gordana Šelo, Ana-Marija Klarić, Ana Bucić-Kojić

{"title":"Spray-Drying Microencapsulation of Grape Pomace Extracts with Alginate-Based Coatings and Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds.","authors":"Josipa Martinović, Rita Ambrus, Mirela Planinić, Gabriela Perković, Gordana Šelo, Ana-Marija Klarić, Ana Bucić-Kojić","doi":"10.3390/gels11020130","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020130","url":null,"abstract":"Spray-drying is a common technique for the microencapsulation of bioactive compounds, which is crucial for improving their stability and bioavailability. In this study, the encapsulation efficiency (EE), physicochemical properties and in vitro bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds from spray-dried encapsulated phenol-rich extracts of grape pomace, a winery waste, were evaluated. Sodium alginate alone (SA) or in a mixture with gum Arabic (SA-GA) or gelatin (SA-GEL) was used as a coating. SA-GEL achieved the highest EE (95.90-98.01%) and outperformed the intestinal release of phenolics by achieving a bioaccessibility index (BI) for total phenolic compounds of 37.8-96.2%. The release mechanism of phenolics from the microcapsules adhered to Fickian diffusion. Encapsulation significantly improved the BI of individual phenolics, with the highest BI values for gallocatechin gallate (2028.7%), epicatechin gallate (476.4%) and o-coumaric acid (464.2%) obtained from the SA-GEL microcapsules. Structural analysis confirmed amorphous matrices in all systems, which improved solubility and stability. These results suggest that encapsulation by spray-drying effectively protects phenolics during digestion and ensures efficient release in the intestine, which improves bioaccessibility. This study contributes to the understanding of biopolymer-based encapsulation systems, but also to the valorisation of grape pomace as a high-value functional ingredient in sustainable food processing.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NMR Characterization of Graphene Oxide-Doped Carbon Aerogel in a Liquid Environment. 液体环境中氧化石墨烯掺杂碳气凝胶的核磁共振表征。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.3390/gels11020129

Dávid Nyul, Mónika Kéri, Levente Novák, Hanna Szabó, Attila Csík, István Bányai

{"title":"NMR Characterization of Graphene Oxide-Doped Carbon Aerogel in a Liquid Environment.","authors":"Dávid Nyul, Mónika Kéri, Levente Novák, Hanna Szabó, Attila Csík, István Bányai","doi":"10.3390/gels11020129","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11020129","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we report the findings of a morphological analysis of a resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF)-based carbon aerogel (CA) and its graphene oxide (GO)-doped version (CA-GO), prepared for possible applications as an electrode material. Beyond some electron microscopic and N2 sorption investigations, we mostly used NMR cryoporometry and relaxometry to characterize the gels in a wet state, as they are usually applied. The precursor RF polymer aerogel was prepared both with and without GO and was subsequently carbonized into carbon aerogel. Modifying the polymer aerogel using GO resulted in a larger variety of C-O bonds in both polymer aerogels. However, the most important changes occurred in the morphology of the carbon aerogels. NMR relaxometry revealed the highly hydrophilic nature of the pore wall of the RF polymer aerogels, as demonstrated by their uniform wetting behavior. The carbonization resulted in a mostly hydrophobic pore wall decorated by some oxygen-containing spots and a macroporous system. Doping with GO after pyrolysis resulted in spherical pores in the CA and cylindrical pores in the CA-GO, which is potentially a more promising material for electrochemical use than CA.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11855333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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