IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090593

Nicholas Yesbeck, Da Huang, Caroline Carrico, Parthasarathy Madurantakam, Hu Yang

{"title":"Antibiotic-Loaded Dendrimer Hydrogels in Periodontal Bone Regeneration: An In Vitro Release Feasibility Study.","authors":"Nicholas Yesbeck, Da Huang, Caroline Carrico, Parthasarathy Madurantakam, Hu Yang","doi":"10.3390/gels10090593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090593","url":null,"abstract":"The prescription of a course of oral antibiotics following bone grafting procedures is a common practice in clinical periodontics to reduce surgical site infections. The goal of this study is to characterize the release profile of antibiotics via local delivery using dendrimer hydrogels (DH) and to analyze the effect of two different particulate bone allografts on the release of the antibiotics in vitro. DH were synthesized from polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G5 and polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and cefazolin was chosen as the antibiotic. The antibiotic-loaded samples were bathed in PBS and incubated at 37 °C; aliquots were taken (1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h) and analyzed using HPLC to determine the amounts of released cefazolin. In samples with DH, the estimated maximum concentration of cefazolin was 36.97 ± 2.39 μg/mL (95% CI: 34.58-39.36) with 50% released in 4.17 h (95%: 3.26-5.07) and an estimated growth rate of 0.27 (95% CI: 0.17-0.37). For samples without DH, the estimated maximum concentration of cefazolin was 167.4 ± 7.0 μg/mL (95% CI: 160.4-174.4) with 50% released in 2.36 h (95% CI: 2.05-2.67) and an estimated growth rate of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.54-0.87). We conclude that DH are a promising platform for sustained antibiotic release and that the presence of bone grafts did not significantly affect their release.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11431430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogel Surface/Coating for Smart Drug Delivery and Medical Devices. 用于智能给药和医疗设备的水凝胶表面/涂层。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090592

Changcan Shi, Xingzhou Peng, Yakai Feng

引用次数: 0

Exploring Hydrogel Nanoparticle Systems for Enhanced Ocular Drug Delivery. 探索用于增强眼部给药的水凝胶纳米粒子系统。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090589

Zohreh Arabpour, Majid Salehi, Seungwon An, Amirhossein Moghtader, Khandaker N Anwar, Seyed Mahbod Baharnoori, Rohan Jaimin Shah, Farshad Abedi, Ali R Djalilian

{"title":"Exploring Hydrogel Nanoparticle Systems for Enhanced Ocular Drug Delivery.","authors":"Zohreh Arabpour, Majid Salehi, Seungwon An, Amirhossein Moghtader, Khandaker N Anwar, Seyed Mahbod Baharnoori, Rohan Jaimin Shah, Farshad Abedi, Ali R Djalilian","doi":"10.3390/gels10090589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090589","url":null,"abstract":"Drug delivery to the ocular system is affected by anatomical factors like the corneal epithelium, blinking reflex, aqueous blood barrier, and retinal blood barrier, which lead to quick removal from the site and inefficient drug delivery. Developing a drug delivery mechanism that targets specific eye tissue is a major hurdle for researchers. Our study examines the challenges of drug absorption in these pathways. Hydrogels have been researched as a suitable delivery method to overcome some obstacles. These are developed alone or in conjunction with other technologies, such as nanoparticles. Many polymer hydrogel nanoparticle systems utilizing both natural and synthetic polymers have been created and investigated; each has pros and cons. The complex release mechanism of encapsulated agents from hydrogel nanoparticles depends on three key factors: hydrogel matrix swelling, drug-matrix chemical interactions, and drug diffusion. This mechanism exists regardless of the type of polymer. This study provides an overview of the classification of hydrogels, release mechanisms, and the role of controlled release systems in pharmaceutical applications. Additionally, it highlights the integration of nanotechnology in ocular disease therapy, focusing on different types of nanoparticles, including nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, and pharmaceutical nanoparticles. Finally, the review discusses current commercial formulations for ocular drug delivery and recent advancements in non-invasive techniques. The objective is to present a comprehensive overview of the possibilities for enhancing ocular medication delivery through hydrogel nanoparticle systems.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11430953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facile Formation of Multifunctional Biomimetic Hydrogel Fibers for Sensing Applications. 轻松形成用于传感应用的多功能仿生水凝胶纤维

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090590

Mengwei Jia, Mingle Guan, Ryan Yao, Yuan Qing, Xiaoya Hou, Jie Zhang

{"title":"Facile Formation of Multifunctional Biomimetic Hydrogel Fibers for Sensing Applications.","authors":"Mengwei Jia, Mingle Guan, Ryan Yao, Yuan Qing, Xiaoya Hou, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.3390/gels10090590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090590","url":null,"abstract":"To face the challenges in preparing hydrogel fibers with complex structures and functions, this study utilized a microfluidic coaxial co-extrusion technique to successfully form functional hydrogel fibers through rapid ionic crosslinking. Functional hydrogel fibers with complex structures, including linear fibers, core-shell structure fibers, embedded helical channels, hollow tubes, and necklaces, were generated by adjusting the composition of internal and external phases. The characteristic parameters of the hydrogel fibers (inner and outer diameter, helix generation position, pitch, etc.) were achieved by adjusting the flow rate of the internal and external phases. As biocompatible materials, hydrogel fibers were endowed with electrical conductivity, temperature sensitivity, mechanical enhancement, and freeze resistance, allowing for their use as temperature sensors for human respiratory monitoring and other biomimetic application developments. The hydrogel fibers had a conductivity of up to 22.71 S/m, a response time to respiration of 37 ms, a recovery time of 1.956 s, and could improve the strength of respiration; the tensile strength at break up to 8.081 MPa, elongation at break up to 159%, and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) up to -13.080% °C-1 were better than the existing related research.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11431008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chitosan/Sodium Alginate Hydrogel for the Release of Berberine as an Algae Suppressant: RSM Optimization and Analysis of Sustained Release Characteristics. 壳聚糖/海藻酸钠水凝胶用于释放作为藻类抑制剂的小檗碱：RSM 优化和持续释放特性分析。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090591

Yingjun Wang, Mengting Wu, Panyang Tang, Dongmei Jiang

{"title":"Chitosan/Sodium Alginate Hydrogel for the Release of Berberine as an Algae Suppressant: RSM Optimization and Analysis of Sustained Release Characteristics.","authors":"Yingjun Wang, Mengting Wu, Panyang Tang, Dongmei Jiang","doi":"10.3390/gels10090591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090591","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we used chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel as a carrier to prepare berberine sustained-release capsule materials that can inhibit algae for a long time and safely. The preparation conditions of the material were optimized by the response surface method, and the optimized capsule material was characterized and the sustained release characteristics were analyzed to study the change of the algae inhibition effect of the material within 30 days. The results showed that the optimum preparation parameters of the material were 0.54% chitosan content, 2.46% sodium alginate content and 1.09% anhydrous calcium chloride content by response surface optimization design, which was consistent with the parameters set by each factor at the central point. The algae inhibition rate of the material under this preparation condition was 93.75 ± 1.01%, which was similar to the predicted value. The release characteristics analysis showed that the material continuously released up to 90% of berberine within 24 days, and its release characteristics were sustained release after burst release, with good sustained release effect. The results of material characterization showed that chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel could effectively load berberine and was beneficial to the loading and release of berberine. The results of algae inhibition experiments showed that low concentration materials could control the outbreak of cyanobacterial blooms in a short time, while under high concentration conditions, the materials could inhibit Microcystis aeruginosa efficiently and for a long time.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11430814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review on the Polymeric and Chelate Gel Precursor for Li-Ion Battery Cathode Material Synthesis. 锂离子电池阴极材料合成用聚合物和螯合凝胶前驱体综述。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090586

Mobinul Islam, Md Shahriar Ahmed, Muhammad Faizan, Basit Ali, Md Murshed Bhuyan, Gazi A K M Rafiqul Bari, Kyung-Wan Nam

{"title":"Review on the Polymeric and Chelate Gel Precursor for Li-Ion Battery Cathode Material Synthesis.","authors":"Mobinul Islam, Md Shahriar Ahmed, Muhammad Faizan, Basit Ali, Md Murshed Bhuyan, Gazi A K M Rafiqul Bari, Kyung-Wan Nam","doi":"10.3390/gels10090586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090586","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid design of advanced materials depends on synthesis parameters and design. A wide range of materials can be synthesized using precursor reactions based on chelated gel and organic polymeric gel pathways. The desire to develop high-performance lithium-ion rechargeable batteries has motivated decades of research on the synthesis of battery active material particles with precise control of composition, phase-purity, and morphology. Among the most common methods reported in the literature to prepare precursors for lithium-ion battery active materials, sol-gel is characterized by simplicity, homogeneous mixing, and tuning of the particle shape. The chelate gel and organic polymeric gel precursor-based sol-gel method is efficient to promote desirable reaction conditions. Both precursor routes are commonly used to synthesize lithium-ion battery cathode active materials from raw materials such as inorganic salts in aqueous solutions or organic solvents. The purpose of this review is to discuss synthesis procedure and summarize the progress that has been made in producing crystalline particles of tunable and complex morphologies by sol-gel synthesis that can be used as active materials for lithium-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11431264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of the Structural Architecture on the Swelling Kinetics and the Network Behavior of Sodium-Alginate-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked with Ionizing Radiation. 结构构造对电离辐射交联的海藻酸钠水凝胶的溶胀动力学和网络行为的影响

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090588

Ion Călina, Maria Demeter, Gabriela Crăciun, Anca Scărișoreanu, Elena Mănăilă

{"title":"The Influence of the Structural Architecture on the Swelling Kinetics and the Network Behavior of Sodium-Alginate-Based Hydrogels Cross-Linked with Ionizing Radiation.","authors":"Ion Călina, Maria Demeter, Gabriela Crăciun, Anca Scărișoreanu, Elena Mănăilă","doi":"10.3390/gels10090588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090588","url":null,"abstract":"The present work discusses the influence of the structural architecture of sodium alginate-co-acrylic acid-poly(ethylene) oxide hydrogels, crosslinked through electron beam (e-beam) radiation processing. The most important properties of the hydrogels were studied in detail to identify a correlation between the architecture of the hydrogels and their properties. Furthermore, the effect of sodium alginate (NaAlg) concentration, the amounts of the polymer blend, and the size of the samples on hydrogel properties were investigated. The results show that the hydrogels cross-linked (0.5% and 1% NaAlg) with 12.5 kGy exhibit improved physicochemical properties. High gel fraction levels (exceeding 83.5-93.7%) were achieved. Smaller hydrogel diameter (7 mm) contributed to a maximum swelling rate and degree of 20.440%. The hydrogel network was dependent on the hydrogels' diameter and the amount of polymer blend used. The hydrogels best suited the first-order rate constants and exhibited a non-Fickian diffusion character with diffusion exponent values greater than 0.5. This study indicates that the cross-linked hydrogel has good properties, particularly because of its high degree of swelling and extensive stability (more than 180 h) in water. These findings show that hydrogels can be effectively applied to the purification of water contaminated with metals, dyes, or even pharmaceuticals, as well as materials with a gradual release of bioactive chemicals and water retention.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11431678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gels for Water Remediation: Current Research and Perspectives. 用于水质修复的凝胶：当前研究与展望。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090585

Gabriela Buema, Adina-Elena Segneanu, Dumitru-Daniel Herea, Ioan Grozescu

{"title":"Gels for Water Remediation: Current Research and Perspectives.","authors":"Gabriela Buema, Adina-Elena Segneanu, Dumitru-Daniel Herea, Ioan Grozescu","doi":"10.3390/gels10090585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090585","url":null,"abstract":"The development of cost-effective and high-performance technologies for wastewater treatment is essential for achieving a sustainable economy. Among the various methods available for water remediation, adsorption is widely recognized as an effective and straightforward approach for removing a range of pollutants. Gel materials, particularly hydrogels and aerogels, have attracted significant research interest due to their unique properties. Hydrogels, for instance, are noted for their ability to be regenerated and reused, ease of separation and handling, and suitability for large-scale applications. Additionally, their low cost, high water absorption capacity, and contribution to environmental protection are important advantages. Aerogels, on the other hand, are distinguished by their low thermal conductivity, transparency, flexibility, high porosity, mechanical strength, light weight, large surface area, and ultralow dielectric constant. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current literature, highlighting gaps in knowledge regarding the classification, preparation, characterization, and key properties of these materials. The potential application of hydrogels and aerogels in water remediation, particularly in removing contaminants such as dyes, heavy metals, and various organic and inorganic pollutants, is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11430982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Poly(Acrylic Acid) Gel Polymer Electrolyte Modified with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and SiO₂ Nanospheres to Increase Rechargeability of Zn-Air Batteries. 用多壁碳纳米管和二氧化硅纳米球改性的聚（乙烯醇）/聚（丙烯酸）凝胶聚合物电解质可提高锌-空气电池的充电能力。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090587

Lucia Díaz-Patiño, Minerva Guerra-Balcázar, Lorena Álvarez-Contreras, Noé Arjona

{"title":"Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Poly(Acrylic Acid) Gel Polymer Electrolyte Modified with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and SiO2 Nanospheres to Increase Rechargeability of Zn-Air Batteries.","authors":"Lucia Díaz-Patiño, Minerva Guerra-Balcázar, Lorena Álvarez-Contreras, Noé Arjona","doi":"10.3390/gels10090587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090587","url":null,"abstract":"Zn-air batteries (ZABs) are a promising technology; however, their commercialization is limited by challenges, including those occurring in the electrolyte, and thus, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) and hydrogels have emerged as substitutes for traditional aqueous electrolytes. In this work, PVA/PAA membranes were synthesized by the solvent casting method and soaked in 6 M KOH to act as GPEs. The thickness of the membrane was modified (50, 100, and 150 μm), and after determining the best thickness, the membrane was modified with synthesized SiO2 nanospheres and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). SEM micrographs revealed that the CNTs displayed lengths of tens of micrometers, having a narrow diameter (95 ± 7 nm). In addition, SEM revealed that the SiO2 nanospheres had homogeneous shapes with sizes of 110 ± 10 nm. Physicochemical experiments revealed that SiO2 incorporation at 5 wt.% increased the water uptake of the PVA/PAA membrane from 465% to 525% and the ionic conductivity to 170 mS cm-1. The further addition of 0.5 wt.% CNTs did not impact the water uptake but it promoted a porous structure, increasing the power density and the stability, showing three-times-higher rechargeability than the ZAB operated with the PVA/PAA GPE.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11431819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Designing Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Gels by Tuning the Non-Covalent Interactions of the Functional Groups. 通过调节功能基团的非共价相互作用设计刺激响应型超分子凝胶

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090584

Geethanjali Kuppadakkath, Ira Volkova, Krishna K Damodaran

{"title":"Designing Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Gels by Tuning the Non-Covalent Interactions of the Functional Groups.","authors":"Geethanjali Kuppadakkath, Ira Volkova, Krishna K Damodaran","doi":"10.3390/gels10090584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10090584","url":null,"abstract":"The physical characteristics of a supramolecular gel are greatly influenced by the nature and arrangement of functional groups in the gelator. This work focuses on the impact of the functional groups, specifically the hydroxyl group, on the stimuli-responsive properties of a gel. We used a C3-symmetric benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) platform, which was attached to the methyl ester of phenylalanine (MPBTA) and tyrosine (MTBTA). The gelation studies revealed that MPBTA gelled in alcohols, non-polar aromatic solvents, and aqueous mixtures (1:1, v/v) of high-polar solvents, whereas MTBTA gelled only in an aqueous mixture of DMF (1:1, v/v). The mechanical and thermal strength of the gels were evaluated by rheological and Tgel studies, and the results indicated that MPBTA gels were stronger than MTBTA gels. The gels were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of stimuli-responsive properties revealed that MPBTA gels were intact in the presence of sodium/potassium salts, but the MTBTA gel network was disrupted. These results indicate that the elegant choice of functional groups could be used to tune the constructive or destructive stimuli-responsive behavior of gels. This study highlights the significant role of functional groups in modulating the stimuli-responsive properties of supramolecular gels.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11430835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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