Frontiers in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association of depressive symptoms, physical function, and cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.","authors":"Miao Li, Shuo Zhuang, Yan Gao","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1513614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1513614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Current research suggests that depressive symptoms and physical function increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), but how these factors interact to increase the risk of CVD remains unclear. Therefore, we used data from Chinese middle-aged and older adults to investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and physical function and CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using information from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we examined the relationship between depressive symptoms, physical functioning, and CVD risk in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. The subsequent seven-year endeavor, which ran from 2011 to 2018, enrolled Chinese adults who were middle-aged and older (≥45 years). The exposures of interest were symptoms of depression and physical impairment. To measure depression symptoms, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) was used. The physical disability was ascertained using the physical mobility function. Its principal endpoint was the incidence of CVD. Cox proportional hazards regression methods has been applied to ascertain 95% of the hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Cox multivariate regression and stratified interaction analysis analyses were employed to investigate the association between depressive symptoms, physical functioning, and CVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1980 people were included, of whom the mean age of the participants was 56.4 ± 7.7 years, of whom 1,013 (51.2%) were women. During the maximum follow-up period of 7 years, 303 (15.3%) suffered from cardiovascular disease, of whom 246 (12.4%) had heart disease and 72 (3.6%) suffered from stroke. Compared with those with NDS (no depressive symptoms) (CESD <10) and NPD (no physical dysfunction), those with both DS (depressive symptoms) (CESD ≥10) and PD (physical dysfunction) had the highest risk of overall CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.88; 95% CI 1.18 to 3), coronary heart disease (HR, 2.45; 95% CI 1.44 to 4.18) and stroke (HR, 0.45; 95% CI 0.15 to 1.31), which were most common in people aged 60 years or younger.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that older adults with DS and PD were strongly associated with an increased risk of CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1513614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of spherical equivalent and estimated prevalence of myopia in school-age children between Shanghai and Yunnan in China.","authors":"Tao Li, Xiandong Liu, Xiaodong Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1571470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1571470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare spherical equivalent (SE) and estimated prevalence of myopia in school-age children between Shanghai and Yunnan in China, and to investigate the differences in SE and estimated prevalence of myopia between Han ethnicity and ethnic minorities in Yunnan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational study, which enrolled one primary school and one junior high school in Shanghai, and two primary schools and two junior high schools in Yunnan in 2021. Refraction was measured using autorefractors without cycloplegia. Pearson correlation analysis, Chi-square test and multiple linear regression (MLR) were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,744 children in Shanghai and 1,769 children in Yunnan were examined, respectively. Less hyperopic SE was observed in Grades 1 and 2 in Shanghai compared to Yunnan (both <i>P</i> < 0.001). No significant difference in median SE between Han ethnicity and ethnic minorities in Yunnan was found in each grade (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). The estimated prevalence of myopia in Grades 1 (13.3% vs. 2.6%, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and 2 (16.1% vs. 7.6%, <i>P</i> = 0.003) were higher in Shanghai than in Yunnan, whereas the estimated prevalence of myopia of in Grade 7 (52.0% vs. 68.1%, <i>P</i> = 0.042) was lower in Han ethnicity than in ethnic minorities in Yunnan. MLR showed that the coefficient for age was -0.3351 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Spherical equivalent and estimated prevalence of myopia of school-age children in Yunnan are similar to Shanghai. Furthermore, a similar situation exists between Han ethnicity and ethnic minorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal and choroidal blood flow changes in dialysis patients assessed by wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.","authors":"Wan Li, Qing Zhou, Jiulin Ni, Xun Pan, Min Li, Fei Hua, Huan Tang, Shuting Li","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1524503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1524503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study utilized wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) to examine the alterations in retinal and choroidal blood flow in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) before and after hemodialysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two eyes of 24 participants with end-stage renal disease were enrolled in this prospective and cross-sectional study. A full ophthalmic examination was conducted on each participant 1 h before and after hemodialysis, which included wide-field SS-OCTA imaging on OCTA scans measuring 9 mm x 9 mm. The mean perfusion area (PA), superficial vessel density (SVD), retinal inner VD (RIVD), and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were evaluated independently before and after hemodialysis in both macular and optic disk areas across all 16 sectors defined by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study subjects consisted of 18 men and 6 women, comprising 9 patients with diabetic renal failure and 23 patients with hypertension. The mean age of the patients with end-stage renal disease was 57.3 ± 12.7 years. In the central ring, retinal inner VD were significantly decreased after HD (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in the average PA,SVD, and CVI between before and after single HD session. In the 3 mm radius, inferior quadrant of macular retinal inner VD, PA of the macular and optic disk were significantly decreased after HD (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the 6 mm radius, the temporal section of the retinal inner VD, nasal and inferior of PA were noticeably reduced in the HD group. In the wide-field scans (9 mm radius), there was exhibited a more pronounced reduction in inferior PA, SVD and retinal inner VD of optic disk area in inferior sectors after HD. Fairly consistent CVI values were noted in the macular zone, except for a statistically significant decrease in the temporal quadrant at 3 mm and 6 mm within the optic disk area (<i>p</i> = 0.040 and 0.048, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results revealed a more significant decrease in indicators of the choroid and optic disk area compared to the inner retina and macular zone. Wide-field SS-OCTA displays potential as an imaging technique for early detection of microcirculation changes in hemodialysis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1524503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The present and future of geriatric internal medicine: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Yingjie Chen, Xiuli Dong, Yan Jia","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1535189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1535189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the gradual progress of global aging, geriatric medicine is becoming increasingly popular, and within geriatric medicine, internal medicine holds a very important position. Understanding the situation in the field of geriatric internal medicine helps researchers gain a comprehensive understanding of this area. In this study, we analyzed and visualized relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection database using bibliometric methods, collecting a total of 831 articles, with a time span from 1978 to August 2024. We analyzed the overview of the field, the degree of aging and the volume of publications by country, the core journals in the field, the collaboration relationships among institutions and authors, as well as the hotspots and their changes, and discussed the results. This study provides a broad perspective for professionals in the field of geriatric internal medicine and discusses the future research development in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1535189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in bilateral tear film and corneal nerve stability in patients with unilateral neurotrophic keratitis.","authors":"Fan Wang, Yue Li, Zhaowei Zhang, Qiuchen Lu, Cancan Shi, Xiaofan Yu, Fen Hu, Mingxin Li, Jianxin Guo, Zhenhao Zhang, He Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1531673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1531673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the bilateral stability of the tear film in patients with unilateral neurotrophic keratitis and to observe changes in corneal nerve and immune cells under confocal microscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional study included 63 patients with confirmed neurotrophic keratitis (NK) and 40 normal controls of similar sex and age. NK patients were divided into stage 1 and stage 2 based on the severity of the disease. Tear meniscus height (TMH), first non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT-f), and corneal fluorescein staining were assessed. Corneal sensitivity was assessed using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. The corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SNP) and dendritic cells (DCs) were imaged using <i>in vivo</i> confocal microscopy (IVCM), and the SNP was analyzed using the fully automated corneal nerve analysis software \"ACCmetric.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eyes with NK stage 2 showed worse performance in TMH, NIBUT-f, corneal fluorescein staining score, corneal sensitivity examination, SNP parameters, and DC density compared to NK stage 1 (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). The contralateral eyes of NK patients had significantly shorter NIBUT-f and higher dendritic cell density than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The contralateral eyes of NK patients are more prone to dry eye signs than those of normal subjects and should be monitored and treated promptly. Increased dendritic cell numbers in the contralateral eyes of NK patients suggest bilateral immune alterations in unilateral disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1531673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of therapeutic interventions for idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Jorge Lima, João Guerreiro, Miguel Ângelo-Dias, Sofia Silvério Serra, Teresa Costa, Natália Marto, João Feldman de Pinho, João Costa, Rodrigo Ruano, Gonçalo Silva Duarte","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1569819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1569819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 50% of cases of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) remain unexplained, and there is a lack of consensus concerning the effective treatments for idiopathic RPL. We used network meta-analyses to evaluate the efficacy of several prophylactic therapeutic interventions used in women with idiopathic RPL.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic literature search using several databases from their inceptions to 20 July 2023. References from key articles were also manually searched. Randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of any prophylactic intervention that were conducted in adult women with RPL were included. Studies with known causes of RPL were excluded. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Primary outcomes were live births and miscarriage rates. Secondary outcomes included serious adverse/adverse events and trial discontinuation. The network meta-analyses used a Bayesian hierarchical model with direct and indirect comparisons. Rank probabilities (assessed by surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA]) and certainty of evidence (assessed by Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE]) were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight studies (6,379 participants) were evaluated. No statistically significant differences in live birth rates among the interventions were found. The three best-ranked interventions for this outcome were prednisone plus progesterone plus aspirin (83%), leukocyte immune therapy (74%), and prednisolone (65%). Women who were treated with progesterone plus human chorionic gonadotrophin (instead of a placebo) presented an increase in miscarriage odds (odds ratio [OR] 3.83, 95% credible intervals [CrIs] 1.04-14.38). The three best-ranked interventions for miscarriage rate were prednisone plus progesterone plus aspirin (SUCRA = 81%), hydroxychloroquine (SUCRA = 79%), and intralipid (SUCRA = 65%). Overall, under placebo, 59% (95% confidence interval [CI] 51-67; I² = 92%) of participants underwent successful live births, and 35% (95% CI 30-42, I² = 86%) underwent miscarriages. We found no evidence of statistically significant differences between interventions (the top three interventions were low-molecular-weight heparin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and leukocyte immune therapy) in those who discontinued trial participation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that none of the analyzed interventions led to improvements in the live birth rate or a reduction in the miscarriage rate in women with idiopathic RPL.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023455668.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1569819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the influences of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang using propensity score matching.","authors":"Xiaopeng Hu, Xianyan Yuan, Hua Li, Haoxuan Gong, Zhicong Fu, Yuting Xie, Lin Zhu, Haina Chen, Yingli Yang, Dongsheng Rui","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1537848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1537848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Due to the high prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Shihezi City in recent years, this study was conducted to understand the prevalence and the factors influencing it and to provide a scientific basis for future interventions to improve, protect, and promote the visual health of these students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population consisted of primary and secondary school students in Shihezi City. Stratified random sampling was employed for participant selection. Schools were first randomly chosen from both urban and rural areas of Shihezi City, followed by grade-level stratification within each selected school. Two classes per grade were randomly designated as sample classes. All students underwent vision screening. Students in Grade 4 and above completed questionnaires to investigate myopia-associated factors. To control for confounding effects, four variables<b>-</b>grade level, gender, urban/rural residence, and parental myopia status<b>-</b>were matched and analyzed using propensity score matching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6,732 individuals were surveyed in this study, with 6,092 ultimately included (participation rate: 90.49%), of whom boys represented 51.10%. The overall prevalence of myopia was 59.55%. The prevalence of myopia in urban areas was 68.17%, while in rural areas, it was 42.42%, a difference that was statistically significant. Risk factors for myopia included being female, having myopic parents, engaging in close-distance reading or writing, sleeping less than 8 h per night, and receiving education at an older age. Protective factors against myopia included attending school in a rural area, watching television from a distance of more than 3 m, and having had a vision examination at least once in the past year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The myopia rates in Shihezi City exceed the national average and show a gradual increase with advancing school age. In addition to inherent factors such as gender, receiving education at an older age, and genetic predisposition, myopia prevention strategies should include proper sitting posture, good eye habits, and health promotion measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1537848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical stimulation prevents impairment of axon growth and overcompensates microtubule destabilization in cellular models of Alzheimer's disease and related Tau pathologies.","authors":"Alice Alessandra Galeotti, Lorenzo Santucci, Jennifer Klimek, Mohamed Aghyad Al Kabbani, Hans Zempel, Vittoria Raffa","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1519628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1519628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or traumatic brain injury (TBI) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. The main histopathological features of AD are amyloid-<i>β</i> plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles, suggested to interfere with neuronal function and to cause microtubule (MT) destabilization. We recently demonstrated that low mechanical forces promote MT stabilization, which in turn promotes axon growth and neuronal maturation. As neurites may become dystrophic due to MT destabilization in tauopathies, we hypothesized that force-induced MT stabilization is neuroprotective in cell models subjected to tauopathy-like stress. We set up two different pathological cellular models subjecting them to AD-related Tau pathology stressors. We found that exposure of mouse primary neurons to Tau oligomers and neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) to amyloid-<i>β</i> oligomers resulted in neurotoxic effects such as axonal shortening, reduction in dendrite number, and MT destabilization. Mechanical stimulation (i) prevented delays in axonal extensions and dendrite sprouting, restoring axon outgrowth to physiological levels, and (ii) compensated for axonal MT destabilization by increasing MT stability to levels higher than in control conditions. In summary, we here demonstrate that low mechanical force can be used as a neuroprotective extrinsic factor to prevent MT destabilization and axon degeneration caused by AD-like or tauopathy-like stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1519628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatolenticular degeneration-induced hepatic dysfunction with extremely atypical clinical manifestations: a Case Report.","authors":"Zhuang Tao, Jiafeng Zhou, Zhenzhen Jiang, Ya Hu, Shupei Jia, Meixia Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1599283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1599283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatolenticular Degeneration (HLD) is a rare condition caused by a genetic copper metabolism disorder and a basal ganglia-dominated degenerative brain disease. Its characteristic clinical features include progressive extrapyramidal symptoms, psychiatric manifestations, cirrhosis, renal impairment, and the Kayser-Fleischer ring. Furthermore, its key diagnostic bases include the ceruloplasmin level, copper oxidase activity, trace copper in the human body, brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and genetic testing. Here, we present an HLD case with atypical clinical manifestations. A 43-year-old male HLD patient presented to our hospital with normal copper oxidase activity and serum copper levels, as well as results of ceruloplasmin testing, slit-lamp examination, and histopathological examination of the liver, which showed no typical manifestations. On the other hand, the genetic testing results showed new mutation sites. To improve our clinical understanding of HLD and reduce the probability of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, we discussed and clarified the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and diagnosis and treatment of the disease, all based on existing literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1599283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emphysema-related mortality rates in the U.S. from 1999 to 2022.","authors":"Alexandra Brown, Amanda Karl, Vikram Murugan, Taylor Billion, Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar, Mohsin Mirza","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1579177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1579177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pulmonary emphysema is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms that are a result of destruction to the alveoli wall and enlargement of distal airspaces. Despite initiatives made to create awareness about the dangers of smoking, and a nationwide reduction in cigarette smoking, emphysema (COPD) is still the third leading cause of death in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized the CDC WONDER national database to investigate the trends in emphysema-related mortality in the United States. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 people (AAMR), annual percentage change (APC), and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed. The Joinpoint Regression Program was used to determine mortality trends between 1999 and 2022. Data extracted for analysis in this study includes gender, race/ethnicity, age groups, regions, states, and urban/rural classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1999 to 2022, there were 526,545 deaths due to emphysema in the United States. Overall age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) in the United States decreased from 18.47 in 1999 to 7.75 in 2022, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -3.698. Emphysema caused 296,859 deaths in males and 229,686 in females in the United States. White populations had the highest AAMR over this period and the largest reduction in AAMR. AAMRs were initially highest in urban areas compared to rural regions. 85 + years had the highest crude mortality rate of 123.11 in 1999.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Emphysema-related deaths in the United States decreased overall between 1999 and 2022, likely a result of a greater emphasis on health education concerning the significant dangers of smoking and policy changes that made cigarettes less accessible and less affordable, and more available access to resources and support networks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is important to address possible health disparities that exist among populations and improve healthcare outcomes and resource allocation among all population groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1579177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}