Frontiers in Marine Science最新文献

{"title":"Chronicles in ivory: estimating the age of narwhals (Monodon monoceros) through stochastic modeling of seasonally varying trace elements","authors":"Lars N. Reiter, Tonny B. Thomsen, Benjamin D. Heredia, Adeline Samson, Daniel K. P. Wielandt, Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, Susanne Ditlevsen, Eva Garde","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1655427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1655427","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionAge estimation is an important tool for understanding the life history of animal populations, and several techniques have been developed, each with its own strengths and limitations.MethodsIn this study, we apply a novel age estimation method that utilizes trace element signals with seasonal components obtained through laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) on tusks of 16 narwhals. We model tusk growth as a stochastic process that, by hypothesis, tracks the number of elapsed annual cycles. For each tusk, we estimate this process in order to derive model-based age estimates.ResultsWe show that this method provides objective and reproducible age estimates without requiring visually distinguishable growth layers. Age estimates are compared with those from other methods, specifically manual counting (visual reading) of growth layers, radiocarbon dating, and using aspartic acid racemization. Our model provided age estimates ranging from 16 to 60 years of age and showed strong agreement with manual counts for 14 of 16 individuals, with two critical exceptions differing by 9 and 14 years, respectively.DiscussionWe end with a discussion of modeling challenges and deficiencies related to this particular tusk dataset. Although demonstrated on narwhal tusks, we discuss how this method can be generalized to other mineralized materials with a layered structure.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-exposure recovery of Microcystis aeruginosa from nanoplastics stress: metabolic adaptation and damage resilience","authors":"Ruiping Wang, Shizhong Yue, Li Jia, Cevin Tibihenda, Pingping Huang, Zhenghua Li, Di Meng","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1678627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1678627","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the ubiquitous distribution of nanoplastics (NPs) in global aquatic ecosystems, microbial adaptive strategies during the post-exposure period remain largely unexplored. In this study, <jats:italic>Microcystin aeruginosa</jats:italic> treated with 5 and 50 mg/L polystyrene (PS) for 15 days and then were transferred to PS-free medium for 15 days to study toxicology and post-exposure effects. The results showed that 5 and 50 mg/L PS inhibited algal growth, with inhibition rates of 6.82% and 9.34% at the end of exposure, respectively, while <jats:italic>M. aeruginosa</jats:italic> resumed growth on the fourth day of the post-exposure period. In addition, PS enhanced microcystins (MCs) biosynthesis and release in a dose-dependent manner during exposure, while phased variations were observed in MCs production and release during recovery. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 5 mg/L PS inhibited cell growth by disrupting cellular structures, inducing oxidative stress, altering lipid metabolism, and suppressing protein synthesis. These effects were largely reversible during the recovery phase, except for irreversible damage to the algal cell membrane. KEGG pathway analysis identified significant suppression of carbohydrate and energy metabolism during exposure, with subsequent reactivation during post-exposure. These findings suggest that <jats:italic>M. aeruginosa</jats:italic> may mitigate PS-induced oxidative stress through glucose accumulation and reduced energy expenditure.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal differentiation and prediction analysis of China’s marine fishery scientific and technological innovation level","authors":"Fan Li, Haijie Gao, Danxuan Qi, Pengzhi Qi, Yixiong He, Xianzhe Cai","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1647837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1647837","url":null,"abstract":"Marine fisheries scientific and technological innovation level (MFSTIL) drives the modernization and sustainability of China’s fisheries. Based on the panel data of 11 coastal provinces and cities in China from 2011 to 2022, the article used the entropy weight-TOPSIS method, spatial econometric model (Standard Deviation Ellipse), Dagum Gini coefficient, Markov modified grey prediction model and other methods to analyze the spatiotemporal differentiation of China’s MFSTIL and its future development trend. The results show that: (1) China’s MFSTIL was generally good and grew steadily year by year from 2011 to 2022, but regional development was uneven; (2) The temporal evolution of MFSTIL has a sequence of “slow rise-rapid rise-steady rise”, and the differentials between regions also fluctuate upward; (3) The spatial pattern of MFSTIL is uneven in distribution, and there are “lagging areas” in the three major marine economic zones; in terms of evolution, it has the dynamic equilibrium characteristics of “northeast-southwest”, and the center of gravity of the standard deviation ellipse moves first to the northeast and then to the southwest; (4) The overall spatial variation in MFSTIL has increased year by year in recent years, with hyper-variance density contributing most significantly to regional differences; (5) The MFSTIL will maintain the growth trend of the previous 12 years in 2023-2030, and the ranking of provinces will change slightly. The gap between the northern and eastern regions will narrow, while their disparity with the southern region will widen, the absolute gap between regions cannot be ignored. In this regard, the article proposed following suggestions: (1) Implement targeted support strategies through special funds and the construction of industry-academia-research integration platforms to identify and empower regions lagging behind in innovation, thereby stimulating local scientific research and innovation capabilities; (2) Optimize the spatial layout of the three major marine economic zones, build integrated industrial chains, and achieve complementary regional development; (3) Establish a dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on big data and the Internet of Things to achieve real-time monitoring of resources, the environment, markets, and industries, thereby promoting sustainable and balanced development.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial patterns and characterization of marine litter from sandy beaches facing an urban area and a Marine Protected Area","authors":"Laura Corbari, Manuel Berlino, Ana Milivojevic, Ana Maria Botero Angel, Mar Bosch-Belmar, Fulvio Capodici, Giuseppe Ciraolo, Gianluca Sarà, M. Cristina Mangano","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1611650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1611650","url":null,"abstract":"Marine litter is a globally recognized issue that impacts the environment and has significant negative effects on both human health and socio-economic activities. Mainly composed of plastic items, marine litter can be dispersed in the ocean by surface currents, sink to the seafloor, and/or be deposited on coastal areas. Monitoring, quantifying, and characterizing beach litter can be time-consuming but can be conducted using established monitoring protocols (both European and international) and supported by citizen science. Here, we present and discuss the main outcomes from <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> monitoring campaigns covering sandy beaches in both an urban area and a Marine Protected Area. Both macro- and meso-litter were quantified and identified by material, size, shape, and color. The quantity and heterogeneity of items (classified using the Joint List of Litter Categories for Macrolitter Monitoring) were highest in areas with the greatest user presence (e.g., refreshment areas, shops, and restaurants). Free-access beaches showed the highest density of macro-litter items compared to beaches where entrance was regulated by three levels of subscription. Artificial polymers/plastics, particularly plastic caps and lids, dominated, followed by paper and cardboard fragments. A database has been created allowing to highlight hotspots and patterns of occurrence that can inform local management measures, urging municipalities to improve waste management.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy brief mitigating postharvest losses in the high seas: strategic interventions for sustainable tuna fisheries","authors":"Ulysses Montojo, Gezelle Tadifa, Marites Chiuco, Joeren Yleaña, Isidro Tanangonan, Riza Jane Banicod","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1602869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1602869","url":null,"abstract":"Tuna dominates Philippine fisheries production and exports, with High Seas Pocket 1 serving as a vital fishing ground. Postharvest losses, estimated at 17.25% of landed catch, translate into millions in annual economic losses, driven largely by traditional onboard handling and preservation limitations. WCPFC CMM 2023–01 should be amended to authorize carrier vessels equipped with freezing systems, while a Quality Management Program should be institutionalized to standardize handling, cold chain integrity, and safety practices across the tuna supply chain. Complementary policy instruments like traceability systems, cold chain expansion, competency-based training programs, fiscal incentives, and multi-stakeholder collaboration will operationalize QMP. A holistic loss-mitigation policy enhances food safety, promotes equity across the value chain, secures market access, and supports the resilience and sustainability of the tuna industry.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145188356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological carrying capacity and carbon sequestration potential of Ruditapes philippinarum: a case study in Dashentang national marine ranch in TianJin Bohai Bay, China","authors":"Yue Zhang, Debin Zheng, Yongjun Guo, Shuang Liang, Biao Guo, Muhan Li","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1640824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1640824","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionAs an ecologically and economically significant bivalve species, the Ruditapes philippinarum plays a vital role in carbon sequestration and marine ecosystem restoration. However, its ecological carrying capacity and carbon sequestration potential remain relatively underexplored.In this study, we further incorporated carbon budget estimation, Mixed Trophic Impact (MTI) analysis, and pedigree analysis to provide a comprehensive system-wide evaluation.MethodsThe Dashentang Marine Ranch in Tianjin, China, covering 23.6 km² (13.6 km² artificial reefs), served as the study area. We constructed an EwE food-web model based on two seasonal surveys (May and August 2023), including 20 functional groups such as Oratosquilla oratoria, Dorippe japonica, Sebastes schlegelii, Lateolabrax japonicus, Apostichopus japonicus, and Ruditapes philippinarum. Biomass, production/consumption parameters, and diet compositions were used to simulate ECC and carbon dynamics. The carbon budget of R. philippinarum was quantified, MTI analysis was conducted to assess its trophic interactions, and a pedigree index was applied to evaluate model reliability.Results and DiscussionThe EwE model estimated the ECC of R. philippinarum at 208.1 t/km², far above its current biomass of 6.3 t/km², indicating substantial aquaculture potential. Carbon sequestration assessment showed that at ECC, R. philippinarum contributes 21, 500 tonnes of carbon uptake, 10, 300 tonnes of benthic deposition, 280, 000 tonnes of harvestable biomass, and 870, 000 tonnes of carbon release via respiration.MTI analysis revealed that increasing R. philippinarum biomass exerts strong positive impacts on demersal fish (e.g., Lateolabrax japonicus) and benthic habitat quality, but negative impacts on benthic predators (e.g., Sebastes schlegelii, Decapoda), reflecting trade-offs in trophic competition.Pedigree analysis yielded an index of 0.716, suggesting a moderate-to-high level of model reliability, supporting confidence in the results.Overall, ecological network analysis demonstrated that higher clam biomass enhances ecosystem maturity and stability while providing significant carbon sink and economic benefits.ConclusionTherefore, this study suggests that increasing the cultivation of Ruditapes philippinarum within its ecological carrying capacity can enhance the carbon sequestration potential of marine ranch ecosystems.The integration of carbon budget estimation, MTI analysis, and pedigree validation highlights both the ecological trade-offs and reliability of these findings, providing robust evidence that effective management of R. philippinarum can simultaneously improve carbon sink function and economic efficiency in marine ranches.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The response of mangrove degradation to mineral composition","authors":"Lintao Zhao, Dezhi Chen, Haoyuan Tan, Yingjing Wang, Ying Qiao, Yongze Xing","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1626088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1626088","url":null,"abstract":"Mangrove wetlands serve as pivotal ecotones at land-sea interfaces, where habitat stability is critically modulated by sediment mineralogical composition. However, the impacts of anthropogenic activities on mineralogical evolution and associated ecological consequences in these ecosystems remain poorly understood. This study examines these processes in a degraded mangrove ecosystem within Tieshangang Bay, China, to uncover engineering-induced perturbations and their implications for mangrove health. Integrated mineralogical analyses were employed, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and automated mineralogical parameter analysis (MapsMin), to characterize sediment composition and discern anthropogenic influences. These techniques enabled high-resolution quantification of mineral distributions and associations across degraded and preserved zones. The results reveal pronounced kaolinite enrichment (48.97–66.35%) in surficial sediments (0–15 cm) of degraded zones, contrasting with stable mineralogical composition in preserved areas. Diagnostic mineral assemblages and spatial patterns implicate terrestrial clay inputs from port infrastructure expansion and dredging operations, exacerbated by tidal channel obstruction and hydrodynamic attenuation. Mechanistic analysis demonstrates that kaolinite’s platy morphology promotes pore occlusion, reducing sediment porosity and inducing rootzone hypoxia, which drives mangrove regression. Based on these findings, a synergistic remediation framework is proposed, integrating tidal hydrology restoration, sediment source regulation, and substrate permeability enhancement. These insights advance the understanding of anthropogenic-geochemical-ecological cascades in intertidal ecosystems and provide a mineralogical benchmark for nature-based mangrove conservation and coastal resilience management.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145188355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep cyclones in the southeast Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Aryan Safaie, Kathleen A. Donohue, Clark D. Rowley, Prasad G. Thoppil, D. Randolph Watts","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1648949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1648949","url":null,"abstract":"In the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), as the warm Loop Current (LC) extends into the southeastern Gulf, strong deep eddies are energized through LC interaction with topography and baroclinic instability. A 6-year free-running numerical simulation using a regional configuration of the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) shows the importance of deep cyclones to Loop Current Eddy (LCE) formation, particularly in the deep region south of 25°N, circumscribed by the Yucatán Strait to the south and the steep lateral sidewalls of the Campeche Bank and the Florida Shelf to the west and east, respectively. Four eddy shedding events from this simulation illustrate ways that deep cyclones develop and strengthen jointly from baroclinic development as well as from lower-layer stretching when the LC moves away from the channel sidewalls. In all cases, the deep cyclone plays a key role: one event depicts the classic baroclinic joint-development process; two events demonstrate the influence of the steep bathymetry along the Campeche Bank and Florida Shelf in restricting lateral propagation; the fourth event emphasizes the role of a deep cyclone in preventing reattachment of a detached eddy. As deep cyclones are important in determining LCE separation, we advocate for more observation and modeling attention on the dynamics of the deep southeast channel.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on environmental resistomes in polychaete gut microbiome from polluted estuaries","authors":"Mirunalini Ganesan, Ravi Mani, Sakthinarenderan Saikumar, Soon Woong Chang, Karthikeyan Ravi, Ravishankar Ram Mani, Balasubramani Ravindran","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1637421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1637421","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern, and understanding the processes driving its growth is crucial.MethodologyThe study investigates the link between heavy metal/biocide (BMRGs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and the presence of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the polychaete gut microbiome from four differently polluted estuaries along the Southeast coast of India- Adyar Estuary (S1), Ennore Creek (S2), Penna Sangamam (S3), and Pazhayakayal Estuary (S4), using whole metagenome sequencing.ResultsICPOES analysis for the tissue, sediment and water revealed the presence of high concentration of Zn, Fe, and Cu in sediment and tissue and high levels of Hg and Zn in water and bioaccumulation of Cu and Fe in polychaete tissues, especially in S2 and S4. A total of 2054 ARGs has been identified in all four samples and mostly belonging to class of Cephalosporin and Carbapenem. MRGs against Cu, Fe and Zn were predominantly found in all four samples. MGEs were extensively present in S4 &amp;amp; S2. The co-occurrence analysis of ARGs, BMRGs &amp;amp; MGEs revealed the presence of high co-occurrence in S2 &amp;amp; S4 samples. Risk score assessment indicated that the S2 and S4 samples have a high potential for spreading AMR across ecosystems.DiscussionThe findings suggest that industrial effluents discharged into rivers and aquatic ecosystems and presence of heavy metals beyond permissible limit could contribute to the spread of AMR through the co-selection of BMRGs.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"327 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global review of operational fishery interactions with killer whales (Orcinus orca): dynamics, impacts, and management strategies","authors":"Emma Luck, Hannah Myers, Keith R. Criddle","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1629516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1629516","url":null,"abstract":"Killer whales (<jats:italic>Orcinus orca</jats:italic>) are cosmopolitan, apex predators that sometimes interact with commercial fisheries. These fishery interactions can affect killer whales, sometimes harmfully, and cause negative socioeconomic consequences for the fishing industry. This review examines global trends in commercial fishery interactions with killer whales by analyzing 69 articles published between 1963 and 2024. These articles noted interactions between killer whales and fisheries in all oceans, but especially at high latitudes. Most documented interactions involved the depredation of longlines. Killer whales have been observed depredating a minimum of 30 species, mainly large fish such as tunas (<jats:italic>Thunnus</jats:italic> spp.). Bycatch, injuries, fishers’ retaliatory measures, and artificial provisioning impacted killer whales that interacted with fisheries. Various mitigation measures have been tested with mixed success. This review outlines policy options to address interactions between killer whales and fisheries and identifies existing knowledge gaps.","PeriodicalId":12479,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Marine Science","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}