Frontiers in Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Development and clinical application of an automated machine learning-based delirium risk prediction model for emergency polytrauma patients.","authors":"Zhenyi Liu, Yihao Huang, Long Li, Yisha Xu, Peng Wu, Zhigang Zhang, Tingyong Han, Liangjie Zhang, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1629329","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1629329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To address the limitations of conventional delirium prediction models in emergency polytrauma care, this study developed an interpretable machine learning (ML) framework incorporating trauma-specific biomarkers and advanced optimization algorithms for risk stratification of delirium in emergency polytrauma patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multi-center retrospective observational cohort study was conducted across six hospitals in the Ya'an region. A total of 956 polytrauma patients admitted between January 2020 and December 2024 were enrolled, complying with the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) diagnostic criteria for polytrauma. Demographic, clinical (e.g., Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS], Injury Severity Score [ISS]), and laboratory data (e.g., fibrin degradation products [FDP], lactate) were systematically collected. To address high-dimensional clinical heterogeneity, an Improved Flood Algorithm (IFLA)-enhanced with sine mapping initialization and Cauchy mutation perturbations-was integrated into an automated machine learning (AutoML) framework for simultaneous feature selection and hyperparameter optimization. Model performance was benchmarked against conventional algorithms (logistic regression [LR], support vector machine [SVM], extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost], LightGBM) using five-fold cross-validation. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework quantified predictor contributions, and a MATLAB-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) was implemented for real-time risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The improved algorithm significantly outperformed other algorithms on 12 standard test functions. The automated machine learning (AutoML) model achieved ROC-AUC and PR-AUC values of 0.9690 and 0.9611, respectively, on the training set, and 0.8929 and 0.8487, respectively, on the test set, both significantly higher than those of four other prediction models. The AutoML model identified 5 important features: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, lactate level, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), body mass index (BMI), and fibrin degradation products (FDP). The decision support system demonstrated clinical utility with net benefit across risk thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides a trauma-specific, interpretable ML tool that integrates GCS scoring and dynamic biomarker monitoring, enabling early delirium risk identification in emergency polytrauma. The framework demonstrates feasibility for integration into clinical workflows to improve trauma care quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1629329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of unexpected event urgency and flight scenario familiarity on pilot trainees performance and stress responses.","authors":"Xing Peng, Qingfei Niu, Yaowei Liang, Yuchuan Luo, Ning Lu, Xiuyi Li","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1599122","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1599122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pilot trainees' ability to manage unexpected events is crucial for aviation safety, yet the impact of event urgency and flight scenario familiarity on pilot performance remains under-explored. This study investigates how different urgency levels of unexpected events influence pilot trainees' flight performance, heart rate, and anxiety in both familiar (single-engine) and less familiar (twin-engine) flight scenarios. Two controlled experiments were conducted using flight simulators: Experiment 1 involved 27 pilot trainees operating a Cessna 172 single-engine simulator under low-urgency and high-urgency conditions, while Experiment 2 involved 25 pilot trainees using a FTD D40/D42 twin-engine simulator, introducing an additional no-event baseline. In the single-engine flight scenario, high-urgency unexpected events significantly impaired pilot trainees' performance (Cohen'<i>d</i> = 0.454) and increased anxiety (η_p ² = 0.229). In the twin-engine flight scenario, high-urgency unexpected events significantly impaired flight performance (MEI increased, η_p ² = 0.737), elevated heart rate (η_p ² = 0.516), and increased anxiety levels (η_p ² = 0.442) compared to low-urgency events, which had minimal effects and, in some cases, improved pilot trainees focus. Additionally, pilot trainees performed better and exhibited lower anxiety in familiar scenarios, suggesting that task familiarity mitigates the negative impact of high-urgency unexpected events. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating urgency-based training scenarios and cross-aircraft training to enhance pilot trainees' adaptive responses to unexpected events, ultimately improving flight safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1599122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical signaling regulates vascular smooth muscle cell adaptation in aging.","authors":"Amin Mohajeri, Song Yi Shin, Samuel Padgham, Devon J Boland, Dana Pittman Ratterree, Jacob Blizman, Gang Han, Christopher R Woodman, Andreea Trache","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1593886","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1593886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Preventing age-induced arterial dysfunction and the associated risk of cardiovascular disease remains a significant clinical challenge. Aerobic exercise, which induces a temporary increase in both blood flow and pressure in active tissue, has been shown to reduce macroscale arterial stiffening in humans. This study investigates the effects of mechanical stimuli on improving aging pathophysiology of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells isolated from soleus feed arteries (SFA). We hypothesized that age-induced impairment of VSM contractility can be rescued by mechanical stimulation that enhances formation of smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMα-actin) fibers and cell-matrix adhesions in aged VSM cells. <i>Ex-vivo</i> functional studies were used to assess myogenic contractility of VSM in isolated SFA from young (4 months) and old (24 months) Fischer 344 rats. These data indicated that pre-treatment of isolated aged SFA with a short-duration increase in intraluminal pressure rescued contractility. The mechanical stretch-induced remodeling of the cellular architecture was assessed in VSM cells isolated from young and old SFA. To dissect the mechanisms involved, the structural and functional properties of VSM cells were assessed by using mechanical stimulation combined with fluorescence confocal microscopy. Results showed that aged VSM cells respond faster than young cells to 2D biaxial cyclic stretch by increasing actin stress fiber formation and vinculin recruitment at cell-matrix adhesions. In addition, hydrostatic pressure treatment applied to aged VSM cells plated on stiffer substrates restored actin fibers and integrin β1 recruitment. Taken together, these findings suggest that discrete VSM cell mechanical properties and their ability to adapt to external mechanical signals are key in restoring VSM contractility in aging. These results are significant because they provide a novel understanding of the mechanisms by which mechanical stimulation improves VSM contractility in aged resistance arteries. Our results provide new insights into the role of VSM in vascular aging and highlight a new direction for mitigating age-related effects via mechanical stimulation-induced VSM remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1593886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass medicine vs. personalized medicine: from mathematical methods to regulatory implications.","authors":"Inderpal S Randhawa, Grigori Sigalov","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1649114","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1649114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical trials of a treatment in traditional mass medicine are based on the concept of proof of efficacy. It must be proven for a group of subjects that meet certain selection criteria. Subject variability must be demonstrated to exist and yet not to invalidate the proof of efficacy. If so, it is assumed that new patients meeting the same selection criteria would have a uniform response to treatment, irrespective of their individual traits. However, the variability that can be ignored for a group should not be ignored for an individual. Standard statistical methods are designed to estimate an average effect size for large enough groups, but they cannot predict an expected effect size for a single patient. Such predictions based on the patient's individual characteristics, rather than on their classification as a member of a target population or study group, are possible in personalized medicine. The latter employs multivariable predictive models via advanced mathematical methods implemented in Artificial Intelligence (AI), and it incorporates the subject variability in the predictive models to improve their accuracy and selectivity. There is a common misconception that personalized medicine belongs in a narrow area of rare diseases or genotype-guided care. In this paper, we argue that AI has potential to improve the treatment success estimates in traditional mass medicine as well at no extra cost to researchers. The clinical trial data on subject variability that are already routinely collected only need to be analyzed and interpreted using the methods of personalized medicine. To implement such improvements in medical practice, they need to be acknowledged and regulated by FDA and its counterparts in other countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1649114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of olympic combat sports on physical fitness in non-athlete students: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Jordan Hernandez-Martinez, Izham Cid-Calfucura, Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz, Tomas Herrera-Valenzuela, Pedro Delgado-Floody, Cristian Nuñez-Espinosa, Braulio Magnani Branco, Jorge Mota, Hadi Nobari, Joaquin Perez-Carcamo, Edgar Vásquez-Carrasco, Pablo Valdés-Badilla","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1620621","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1620621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Olympic combat sports (OCS) present complex physical characteristics where cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, postural balance, endurance, agility, speed, strength, and muscular power are determinants of physical fitness. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of OCS interventions on selected physical fitness outcomes among school-aged and university students, compared with active or standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in May 2024 and April 2025 using seven generic databases-PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Web of Science (core collection), and PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database). The methodological quality and certainty of evidence were assessed using the PRISMA, TESTEX, RoB 2, and GRADE tools. The Hedge; sg effect sizes were computed. Potential sources of heterogeneity, such as subgroup analyses (type of control group, dosage training and age range), were chosen using a fixed-effects or random-effects model, with a minimum of three studies for the corresponding meta-analyses. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42023391433).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,539 records, 9 RCTs and 4 NRCTs with 1,314 participants were included. Six overall and three subgroup meta-analyses showed significant increases in standing long jump (ES = 1.04; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and sit-and-reach (ES = 0.80; <i>p</i> < 0.05), with no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in maximal isometric handgrip strength (MIHS; ES = 0.60), Sargent jump (ES = 0.18), VO₂max (ES = 0.39) and 20-m shuttle run test (ES = 0.27). While in the subgroups by dosage in sit-and-reach there were significant improvements (ES = 0.90 to 1.13; <i>p</i> < 0.001) in <60 min per session and according to age range in university students in favor of OCS. Meanwhile in MIHS according to control group, there were significant increases (ES = 0.21; <i>p</i> < 0.05) in favor of OCS <i>versus</i> physical education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that OCS can be a beneficial addition in standing long jump and sit-and-reach. It does not show improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, MIHS and Sargent jump. However, with respect to dose and age range <60 min in university students is adequate to improve sit-and-reach. OCS is more effective in improving MIHS compared to physical education.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/search.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1620621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modulatory role of short-chain fatty acids on peripheral circadian gene expression: a systematic review.","authors":"Adriano Dos Santos, Andrii Vasylyshyn","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1595057","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1595057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian rhythm disruption significantly impacts health and causes a wide range of metabolic, cardiovascular, and psychiatric disorders. Changes in peripheral circadian clock expression are associated with the gut microbiome, particularly via the activity of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The objective of this review is to explore the association between SCFA levels and peripheral circadian gene expression. This review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. In total, eight studies were included after the PubMed database search and screening process based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the SYRCLE and RoB 2 tools for animal and human studies, respectively. The results showed that propionate, acetate, and butyrate levels correlated with the expression of <i>PER1</i>, <i>PER2</i>, <i>BMAL1</i>, <i>CRY1</i>, and <i>CRY2</i> in peripheral tissues, including the submandibular gland, liver, kidney, and blood serum. These findings suggest that SCFA supplementation may offer therapeutic potential for individuals with circadian misalignment, such as shift workers or patients with metabolic disorders. Although there was methodological variability among the included studies, it did not significantly compromise the overall quality of the review. The limited availability of human studies (n = 1) represents a significant constraint. Nevertheless, the findings support that SCFA supplementation may serve as a potential strategy for peripheral clock modulation. However, further human trials are needed to validate these findings in clinical settings. <b>Systematic Review Registration:</b> https://osf.io/6kd5q.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1595057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of aerobic capacity indicators derived from the progressive specific taekwondo test for prescribing sport-specific interval training.","authors":"Gennaro Apollaro, Marco Panascì, Ibrahim Ouergui, Emerson Franchini, Piero Ruggeri, Coral Falcó, Emanuela Faelli","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1572605","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1572605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Progressive Specific Taekwondo Test (PSTT) is used to determine indicators of aerobic capacity (heart rate deflection point [HR_DP] and kick frequency at the HR_DP [KF_DP]) useful for prescribing sport-specific training. The aim of this study was to prescribe a sport-specific interval training (IT) session at the KF_DP, identified during the PSTT, and to investigate HR response and muscle power performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen taekwondo athletes of national and international level (mean ± SD: age: 17.6 ± 2.7 years) voluntarily participated in the study. In two experimental sessions, athletes performed: the PSTT to identify HR_DP and KF_DP; a sport-specific IT at the KF_DP, using the technical action of bandal-chagi (3 rounds × 2 min/1 min of recovery in-between). During each round of the IT, the HR was recorded to identify the HR_ROUND. Before and after each round of the IT, muscle power performance was assessed through three countermovement jump (CMJ) tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HR_ROUND was significantly correlated with HR_DP (<i>r</i> = 0.774-0.789; <i>p</i> < 0.01). During round 1, HR_ROUND was significantly lower (<i>p</i> = 0.008) than HR_DP. In rounds 2 and 3, there were no difference (<i>p</i> = 0.067 and <i>p</i> = 0.653, respectively) between HR_ROUND and HR_DP. No difference was observed between pre- and post-IT CMJ performance (<i>p</i> = 0.210). Post-IT CMJ performance was significantly greater (<i>p</i> = 0.009) than that in the interval between rounds 1 and 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the IT rounds, expected HR responses emerged and muscle power performance was not compromised. Thus, these results support the use of PSTT-derived HR_DP and KF_DP as practical, sport-specific indicators for tailoring IT intensity in taekwondo athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1572605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical exertion does not lead to a change in the time taken to correctly recognize stereoscopic stimuli in changing horizontal disparity levels.","authors":"Florian Frisch, Wolfgang Mehringer, Matthias Ring, Björn Eskofier, Georg Michelson","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1602503","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1602503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and question: </strong>In elite sports, having good stereoscopic vision is important, especially during significant physical exertion. We investigated whether increased physical exertion leads to changes in the time it takes to correctly recognize stereoscopic stimuli in changing horizontal disparity conditions (latency).</p><p><strong>Study design and research methods: </strong>Twenty-one male and female test subjects, aged 39.0 ± 18.7 years, completed four rounds, each consisting of three attempts. One training round took place with no physical exertion. Then, three rounds took place with low (HR = 100 beats per minute on average), medium (HR = 120 beats per minute on average), and high (HR = 155 beats per minute on average) levels of exertion. These levels of exertion were achieved by using an exercise bike and increasing the power in watts accordingly and by using a pulse oximeter to monitor heart rate. During each attempt, the test subjects were tested for five stereoscopic disparities (32, 128, 192, 256, and 320 arcsec), each presented 16 times for a total of 80 stimuli. Changes in reaction time, percentage of correct answers, and the \"GAIN\" parameter (reaction time increase per stereo disparity decrease) were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of correct answers does not change with increasing physical exertion, and the reaction time for correctly answering does not increase significantly with increased physical exertion. For example, no significant difference was found in the response time at 32 arcsec between low (803.0 m) and high (745.5 m), p = 0.478.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical exertion up to heart rates >140/min does not impair the recognition of stereoscopic stimuli at different disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1602503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A YOLOv11-based AI system for keypoint detection of auricular acupuncture points in traditional Chinese medicine.","authors":"Ganhong Wang, Limei Yin, Hanyue Zhang, Kaijian Xia, Yue Su, Jian Chen","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1629238","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1629238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to develop an artificial intelligence model and web-based application for the automatic detection of 21 commonly used auricular acupoints based on the YOLOv11 neural network.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 660 human ear images were collected from three medical centers. The LabelMe annotation tool was used to label the images with bounding boxes and key points, which were then converted into a format compatible with the YOLO model. Using this dataset, transfer learning and fine-tuning were performed on different-sized versions of the YOLOv11 neural network. The model performance was evaluated on validation and test sets, considering metrics such as mean average precision (mAP) under different thresholds, recall, and detection speed. The best-performing model was subsequently deployed as a web application using the Streamlit library in the Python environment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five versions of the YOLOv11 keypoint detection model were developed, namely YOLOv11n, YOLOv11s, YOLOv11m, YOLOv11l, and YOLOv11x. Among them, YOLOv11x achieved the highest performance in the validation set with a precision of 0.991, recall of 0.976, mAP⁵⁰ of 0.983, and mAP^50-95 of 0.625, though it exhibited the longest inference delay (19 ms/img). On the external test set, YOLOv11x achieved an ear recognition accuracy of 0.996, sensitivity of 0.996, and an F1-score of 0.998. For auricular acupoint localization, the model achieved an mAP⁵⁰ of 0.982, precision of 0.975, and recall of 0.976. The model has been successfully deployed as a web application, accessible on both mobile and desktop platforms to accommodate diverse user needs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The YoloEar21 web application, developed based on YOLOv11x and Streamlit, demonstrates superior recognition performance and user-friendly accessibility. Capable of providing automatic identification of 21 commonly used auricular acupoints across various scenarios for diverse users, it exhibits promising potential for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1629238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating chronic pancreatitis pain: a pathophysiological and therapeutic overview.","authors":"Zijin Lin, Stephen Pandol, Minoti Apte, Yi Jiang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1622845","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1622845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain management in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients remains a major challenge, largely due to complex and refractory pain. Such pain detrimentally impacts patients by reducing quality of life, limiting daily activities, increasing psychological distress, necessitating frequent hospitalizations, and contributing to opioid dependence and socioeconomic burden. This review delineates the multifaceted nature of CP-related pain, highlighting the roles of neurogenic inflammation, maladaptive neuroplasticity, and disrupted pain modulation pathways. Current management strategies are multidisciplinary, encompassing lifestyle modification, pharmacologic therapies, endoscopic and surgical interventions, and nerve-targeted procedures (e.g., celiac plexus blocks and neurolysis). Advances in genetics, bioinformatics and biomarker research have further enhanced our understanding of CP-related pain pathogenesis, paving the way for precision medicine approaches. This review highlights current evidence and emerging innovations in the evolving landscape of CP-related pain management, emphasizing the importance of tailored and interdisciplinary care to address the intricate mechanism of CP-related pain and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1622845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}