Frontiers in Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Deep learning techniques for detecting freezing of gait episodes in Parkinson's disease using wearable sensors.","authors":"Mosleh Hmoud Al-Adhaileh, Asim Wadood, Theyazn H H Aldhyani, Safeer Khan, M Irfan Uddin, Abdullah H Al-Nefaie","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1581699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1581699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freezing of Gait (FoG) is a disabling motor symptom that characterizes Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients and significantly affects their mobility and quality of life. The paper presents a novel hybrid deep learning framework for the detection of FoG episodes using wearable sensors. The methodology combines CNNs for spatial feature extraction, BiLSTM networks for temporal modeling, and an attention mechanism to enhance interpretability and focus on critical gait features. The approach leverages multimodal datasets, including tDCS FOG, DeFOG, Daily Living, and Hantao's Multimodal, to ensure robustness and generalizability. The proposed model deals with sensor noise, inter-subject variability, and data imbalance through comprehensive preprocessing techniques such as sensor fusion, normalization, and data augmentation. The proposed model achieved an average accuracy of 92.5%, F1-score of 89.3%, and AUC of 0.91, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. Post-training quantization and pruning enabled deployment on edge devices such as Raspberry Pi and Coral TPU, achieving inference latency under 350 ms. Ablation studies show the critical contribution of key architectural components to the model's effectiveness. Optimized to be deployed real-time, it is a potentially promising solution that can help correctly detect FoG, thereby achieving better clinical monitoring and improving patients' outcomes in a controlled as well as real world.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1581699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel fascial mapping of muscle spindles distribution: insights from a murine model study.","authors":"Yunfeng Sun, Lucia Petrelli, Caterina Fede, Carlo Biz, Damiana Incendi, Andrea Porzionato, Carmelo Pirri, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Carla Stecco","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1571500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1571500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle spindles (MSs) are essential for proprioception and motor control. The precise distribution and localization of MSs have been the focus of major research efforts to provide a foundation for understanding their roles in various diseases and motor dysfunctions. However, there are currently disagreements on the distribution patterns of MSs, and these discrepancies hinder the advancement of novel physical therapy techniques based on MS functionality. In this study, we present an innovative fascia-based distribution pattern for MSs. Using the rat quadriceps femoris muscle as the target, serial sections of the muscle were meticulously prepared following tissue sampling, fixation, and embedding. Furthermore, four additional rat gastrocnemius and eight human muscles were processed and cut into non-successive sections by the above method. The MSs were identified and characterized using Sirius Red staining, and their locations, quantities, associated structures, and basic parameters were documented via microscopy. Our findings demonstrate that the MSs are primarily located within the fascial layers and predominantly within the perimysium; the MS capsule is structurally continuous with the perimysium and forms multiple connections in different orientations. This study demonstrates that MSs are influenced by not only changes in muscle length but also alterations in the fascia tension or state, which may have more significant impacts. Furthermore, both nerves and vessels were observed near or within the capsule of the MS but were not always presented. In some sections, no microscopically distinguishable vessels or nerve fibers were observed around the MSs. This study proposes a novel fascia-based distribution model for MSs by highlighting that MSs are embedded within the fascial matrix and that the fascia may serve as a key structural marker for locating MSs. Additionally, the structural continuity of the fascia with the MS capsule suggests its role as a potential mediator in MS functions. The present study challenges the traditional concepts of MS distribution by introducing a more refined and efficient approach for studying MSs through the fascial perspective, thereby representing a significant advancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1571500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between triglyceride-glucose index and phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES database.","authors":"Zhili Zhao, Yan Liang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1548690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1548690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), given the emerging importance of biological aging as a health determinant and the role of insulin resistance in aging-related processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 13,291 adults aged ≥20 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2010). The TyG index served as the exposure variable, calculated from fasting triglycerides and glucose levels. PhenoAgeAccel, derived from clinical biomarkers, was the outcome variable. Analyses adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant non-linear relationship was observed between TyG index and PhenoAgeAccel, with an inflection point at 9.60. In the fully adjusted model, each unit increase in TyG index was associated with 2.21 years increase in PhenoAgeAccel (95% CI: 1.99, 2.43). The association was stronger above the inflection point (β = 8.21, 95% CI: 7.59, 8.82) compared to below it (β = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher TyG index levels are significantly associated with accelerated biological aging, particularly above a threshold of 9.60. These findings suggest the importance of metabolic health in biological aging processes and potential interventional strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1548690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different exercise modalities on neuroendocrine well-being markers among university students: a study of renalase and catecholamine responses.","authors":"Vedat Çınar, Mehmet Fırat Bağ, Mehdi Aslan, Fidan Çınar, Alessandro Gennaro, Taner Akbulut, Gian Mario Migliaccio","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1591132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1591132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine) and renalase are among the key biomolecules that regulate stress responses during exercise and support physiological adaptation. However, the effects of different exercise types on these biomolecules remain unclear. This study aims to compare the effects of aerobic, anaerobic, and strength exercises on epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was conducted using a pre-test post-test controlled experimental research design. A total of 80 healthy male participants aged 18-22 years were included and randomly assigned into four groups: control (C), aerobic exercise (A), anaerobic exercise (An), and strength training (Sa). The exercise groups followed specific training protocols for 8 weeks, 3 days per week, at the same time of the day under standardized environmental conditions. Venous blood samples were taken before and after the exercise program, and epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels were analyzed using the ELISA method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant increases in epinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels were observed depending on the exercise type (p < 0.01), while norepinephrine levels showed a significant decrease only in the aerobic exercise group (p < 0.05). Epinephrine levels increased in the aerobic (36.96%), anaerobic (35.42%), and strength training (27.45%) groups, while norepinephrine levels decreased only in the aerobic exercise group (6.38%). Dopamine levels increased in all exercise groups, with the highest change observed in the anaerobic exercise group (38.34%). Renalase levels increased in all exercise groups (p < 0.01), with the highest increase recorded in the anaerobic exercise group (29.42%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that different exercise modalities induce specific neuroendocrine responses. All exercise types led to significant increases in epinephrine, dopamine, and renalase levels, with the most pronounced effects observed in the anaerobic exercise group. Strength training also produced similarly robust responses. Norepinephrine levels showed a significant decrease only in the aerobic exercise group, while non-significant reductions were observed in the other exercise groups. These findings indicate that exercise type distinctly modulates hormonal and enzymatic pathways involved in physiological adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1591132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetry in college basketball players: change of direction performance in shuffle movement and 505 test.","authors":"Peng Wang, Mengde Lyu, Na Geng, Zirun Wu, Xinran Ren, Žiga Kozinc, Rafael Kons, Nejc Šarabon, Xiangjun Miao","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1587719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1587719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to 1) examine the difference and asymmetry in change of direction in shuffle movement (CoDS) performance among basketball players; 2) assess the relationship and directional agreement between asymmetry scores of CoDS, 505, and four single leg jump tests.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two college basketball players performed three trials of the CoDS and 505 tests for each leg, with the fastest performance used for the final analysis. Single leg countermovement jumps, lateral jumps, broad jumps, and drop jumps were also performed for both legs. The dominant (D) limb was defined as the side that performs better, while the non-dominant (ND) limb was the opposite. Paired-sample t-tests were conducted to compare differences in D and ND across all performances. The Kappa coefficient was used to assess consistency in asymmetry direction. Spearman's ρ correlations were applied to examine relationships between normally and non-normally distributed performance and inter-limb asymmetry data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were found in CoDS (Asymmetry Score = 3.66 ± 2.74, ES = 0.49, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and 505 (Asymmetry Score = 2.54 ± 2.28, ES = 0.34, <i>p</i> < 0.01) performance between D and ND limbs. However, there was no significant correlation between the asymmetry scores in CoDS and 505 (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The Kappa coefficients between CoDS, 505 and single leg jump tests showed poor to slight agreement (Kappa range from -0.07-0.22) regarding asymmetry direction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that practitioners should specialize in assessing CoD asymmetry in both forward-backward and lateral movement performance through 505 and and CODS test.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1587719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of enhanced external counterpulsation with different modes on acute hemodynamic effects.","authors":"Yujia Zhong, Liling Hao, Xue Jia, Songrim Paek, Shuai Tian, Guifu Wu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1555358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1555358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a noninvasive device for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, there are minimal data regarding the effects of different EECP modes on acute hemodynamic changes, particularly blood flow redistribution. This study aimed to investigate the systemic hemodynamic effects during different EECP modes based on clinical trials and numerical analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen patients with cardiovascular disease and 15 healthy subjects completed four and six EECP modes, respectively. These EECP modes changed the parameters, including counterpulsation pressure, start time, and counterpulsation frequency. Hemodynamic parameters in the aorta (AO), right femoral artery (RF), and right brachial artery (RB), including mean flow rate (FR), mean blood velocity (MV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), minimum diastolic velocity (MDV), and diastolic/systolic blood pressure ratio (D/S), were measured during EECP treatments. Meanwhile, the simulation of hemodynamic responses to different EECP modes based on a 0D-1D cardiovascular system model were conducted and compared with the clinical results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As counterpulsation pressure increased, the FR and PSV of AO, the FR, MV, PSV, and MDV of RF, the FR, MV, and MDV of RB, and D/S increased in patients (<i>all P < 0.05</i>). The MV of RF, the FR, MV, PSV, and MDV of RB, and D/S of patients decreased significantly with increasing start time (<i>all P < 0.05</i>). For the increase of counterpulsation frequency, the FR, MV, and PSV of AO, the MV, PSV, and MDV of RF, and the FR and MV of RB significantly decreased in patients (<i>all P < 0.05</i>). For the health group, most patients' results were similar. Multiple groups of pressure experiments indicated that 25-30 kPa significantly improved blood flow. The numerical results under different EECP modes were generally closely aligned with clinical measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Different EECP modes induced different hemodynamic responses. Higher counterpulsation pressure, T wave start time, and 1:1 counterpulsation frequency are recommended to improve blood flow. Hemodynamic simulations prepare the way for the creation of virtual databases to obtain population-based strategies and then allow for precision-based strategies through individual modeling. The different hemodynamic responses to EECP modes provide theoretical guidance for the development of a patient-specific treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1555358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRPC3 inhibition induces myofibroblast differentiation in diabetic dermal fibroblasts.","authors":"Gemma Toogood, Robin Evans, Liping Zhang, Rima Patel, Songmei Meng, Vijay K Boda, Wei Li, Junwang Xu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1577118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1577118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic wounds present a significant healthcare challenge due to impaired healing mechanisms, with dermal fibroblasts playing a crucial role in tissue repair. This study investigates the role of transient receptor potential canonical-3 (TRPC3) in the dysfunction of diabetic fibroblasts and explores the therapeutic potential of TRPC3 inhibition. Findings reveal that TRPC3 expression is significantly elevated in diabetic dermal fibroblasts, which correlates with suppressed transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling and impaired differentiation into myofibroblasts. Inhibiting TRPC3 effectively restores fibroblast functionality by upregulating TGF-β1 and its downstream effector, SMAD4. This restoration enhances the expression of key myofibroblast markers, such as α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) and type I collagen (COL1a1), which are essential for wound contraction and extracellular matrix remodeling. These results establish TRPC3 as a critical regulator of fibroblast activity and present TRPC3 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for improving wound healing in diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1577118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involution and governance reform in professional football club-school integration: a case study of S City's youth training base.","authors":"Lin Wang, Chuanfang Zhu, Yuyuan Zhang, Lan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1557875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1557875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integrated development of Chinese professional football clubs and campus football has achieved good development. However, there are still many problems in terms of training methods and depth of integration. In this article, we use the involution theory (a developmental paradox where increased partnership networks fail to improve training outcomes) as an analytical perspective to explain the inner part of the case. We identify an involution dilemma in football club-school integration, characterized by overemphasis on quantitative expansion (increasing partner schools across provinces) and underinvestment in training quality (neglecting youth base development). The findings reveal a systemic \"growth without development\" pattern, where scaling partnerships fails to enhance talent outputs. The specific causes of the involution dilemma are stated in detail in this manuscript. Based on this, the research proposes specific corrective strategies to solve these issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1557875"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic metabolic stress impairs lymphatic contractility via activation of KATP channels in a mouse model of Type-2 diabetes.","authors":"Jorge A Castorena-Gonzalez, Hae Jin Kim, Michael J Davis","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1558763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1558763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic metabolic stress is a common underlying factor of multiple diseases, including obesity, type II diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Lymphatic dysfunction, including valve defects, impaired contractile activity, and hyperpermeability, is also associated with these same diseases. We recently reported that acute metabolic stress leads to activation of KATP channels in lymphatic muscle cells, resulting in impairment of the intrinsic lymphatic pacemaker that drives their spontaneous contractions and active lymphatic pumping.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, we tested whether lymphatic contractile dysfunction occurs in the db/db mouse, a model of metabolic syndrome, and, if so, to what extent dysfunction might be mediated by KATP channel activation. Contractile function was assessed <i>ex vivo</i> in cannulated and pressurized popliteal collecting lymphatics from age-matched db/db mice or their BKS controls (from males and females at 18-20 weeks of age).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vessels from db/db mice exhibited pressure-dependent spontaneous contractions that were significantly reduced in amplitude, frequency, and calculated fractional pump flow at all tested pressures in the range 0.5 to 5 cmH₂O, compared to BKS controls. The impaired contractile function of lymphatic vessels from db/db mice was improved by the KATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide (GLIB) at a concentration (1 mM) previously shown to have little or no off-target effects on lymphatic function. Because db/db mice are both obese and have elevated blood glucose levels, we tested whether elevated glucose per se altered contractile function. In glucose levels characteristic of diabetic animals (23 mM), the contraction frequency and fractional pump flow of lymphatic vessels from WT mice were significantly decreased compared to those observed in normal (5 mM) glucose concentrations. The equivalent concentration of mannitol, an osmotic control, did not result in any significant changes in lymphatic contractile function. Lymphatic dysfunction induced by high glucose was rescued by GLIB (1 mM), and lymphatic vessels from Kir6.1^-/- mice were largely resistant to the inhibitory effects of high glucose.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results suggest that a substantial fraction of lymphatic contractile impairment in db/db mice is mediated by the activation of KATP channels in lymphatic muscle cells, in part due to chronic metabolic stress associated with elevated glucose.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary amino acid metabolomic profiling and its association with childhood obesity in prepubescent individuals.","authors":"Mariana Doce Passadore, Nayara Azinheira Nobrega Cruz, Mariana Zuccherato Bocato, Leonardo de Abreu Ferreira, Marcelo Yudi Icimoto, Maria Del Carmen Bisi Molina, José Geraldo Mill, Fernando Barbosa Junior, Dulce Elena Casarini, Lilian Caroline Gonçalves de Oliveira","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1524939","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1524939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amino acids are fundamental in several metabolic processes, and their levels can reflect metabolism impairments that contribute to obesity and related diseases. Our objective was to identify a urinary amino acid fingerprint in obese and overweight children in prepuberty and to correlate this profile with cardiometabolic alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 110 children, boys and girls aged 9-10 years, they were classified according to their BMI-for-age (Body Mass Index for age) into three groups: normal weight (NW) (n = 45), overweight (OW) (n = 21), and obese (OB) (n = 44). The 12-h urine samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS to quantify 47 amino acids using the <i>Amino Acids Analysis Kit</i> (Zivak®, Turkey), values were corrected by creatinine concentration. Anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular parameters, and biochemical profiles were assessed following standard protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When compared to NW, anthropometric measures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and serum uric acid levels were progressively elevated in the OW and OB groups. The OB group was characterized by elevated alpha-aminoadipic acid, asparagine, cystathionine, 1-methyl-histidine, serine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. In contrast, the OW group presented the most expressive levels of glutamine, alpha-diaminopimelic, and sarcosine.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings indicate that obese and overweight children exhibit a particular urinary amino acid fingerprint which is similar to that reported in studies with plasma. The altered amino acids, particularly tyrosine, are frequently associated with impairments in glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Potential mechanisms for increasing the levels of these amino acids in excess of weight may include enhanced protein degradation and impaired oxidative metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1524939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}