Frontiers in Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Duration-dependent physiological, perceptual, and technical changes during a 2-hour low-intensity training session in female cross-country skiers.","authors":"Per-Øyvind Torvik, Guro Strøm Solli, Rune Kjøsen Talsnes, Øyvind Sandbakk","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1534858","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1534858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated duration-dependent physiological, perceptual, and technical changes during a 2-hour low-intensity training (LIT) session in female cross-country (XC) skiers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve national-level female XC skiers (age:21.4 ± 2.7 years, maximal oxygen uptake: 58.1 ± 5.3 mL min⁻¹·kg⁻¹) performed a 2-hour LIT session, roller-ski skating in the laboratory while alternating between two main sub-techniques (Gear-2 and Gear-3). Acute physiological and perceptual responses, including oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, ventilation, breathing frequency, respiratory exchange ratio, blood lactate concentration, and rate of perceived exertion, as well as kinematic variables (cycle length and cycle rate), were collected at four consecutive timepoints (T1-T4) for both sub-techniques. A post-session questionnaire collected data on perceived total, ventilatory, and mental exertion as well as perceived training quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relatively small duration-dependent changes were observed for most of the physiological measures. The most pronounced changes were a main effect of time on breathing frequency (BF; F (3,30) = 3.52, ηp2 = 0.260, <i>P</i> = 0.027) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE; F (3, 33) = 4.43, ηp2 = 0.287, <i>P</i> = 0.010). More specifically, BF was higher in Gear-3 at both T2 (45.5 ± 7.7 breaths·min^-1) and T3 (45.5 ± 7.7), compared to T1 (43.2 ± 7.3, all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the rate of perceived exertion was higher in both Gear-2 and Gear-3 at T2 (G2: 12.1 ± 1.0, G3: 11.2 ± 1.6) and T3 (G2: 12.2 ± 1.1, G3: 11.2 ± 1.6), compared to T1 (G2: 11.5 ± 1.2, G3: 10.6 ± 1.2, all <i>P</i> < 0.05). No differences were observed in kinematic variables (cycle length and cycle rate) between T1 - T4. Lastly, no differences in perceived total, ventilatory, and mental exertion, as well as perceived training quality, were observed between the first and second half of the LIT session.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Well-trained female XC skiers performed a 2-hour LIT session while roller-ski skating in the laboratory with relatively small duration-dependent physiological, perceptual, and technical changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1534858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparisons of urinary bladder responses to common antimuscarinics reveals unique effects of darifenacin.","authors":"Vineesha Veer, Russ Chess-Williams, Christian Moro","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1534517","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1534517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antimuscarinics are the first-line pharmaceutical treatment for overactive bladder (OAB). However, some literature suggests that responses to these antimuscarinics can influence a variety of non-muscarinic receptors. This study aimed to identify any non-muscarinic influences on contraction from commonly prescribed clinical antimuscarinics using porcine detrusor or urothelium with lamina propria (U&LP) tissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Porcine bladders were dissected into strips of juvenile or adult detrusor or U&LP. Carbachol concentration-response curves were performed on paired tissues in the absence or presence of commonly prescribed antimuscarinics: darifenacin, fesoterodine, oxybutynin, solifenacin, trospium, and tolterodine. Estimated affinities for each antimuscarinic were calculated, and maximum contraction values from control and intervention curves were compared. Experiments in the presence of darifenacin (100 nM) were completed with serotonin (100 µM), prostaglandin E₂ (10 µM), histamine (100 µM), αβ-methylene-ATP (10 µM), angiotensin II (100 nM), neurokinin A (300 nM), and carbachol (10 µM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Darifenacin significantly reduced maximum contraction responses to carbachol in adult detrusor preparations by 46%, αβ-methylene-ATP by 50%, prostaglandin E₂ by 73%, histamine by 64%, and serotonin by 53%. Darifenacin reduced the maximum contraction in adult U&LP preparations to carbachol by 49% and to αβ-methylene-ATP by 35%.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Darifenacin presents as an antimuscarinic medication that influences non-muscarinic pathways in urinary bladder tissue, indicating its potential to assist OAB patients with non-muscarinic pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1534517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of the heterogeneity of satellite cell populations isolated from an individual Turkey pectoralis major muscle.","authors":"Hui Yu, Zhenyang Li, Joseph Yimiletey, Chunmei Wan, Sandra Velleman","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1547188","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1547188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Satellite cells (SCs) are myogenic stem cells responsible for post hatch muscle growth and the regeneration of muscle fibers. Satellite cells are not a homogenous population of cells within a muscle and have variable rates of proliferation and differentiation even within a single fiber type muscle like the turkey pectoralis major muscle. In this study, the single satellite cell clones derived from the same turkey pectoralis major muscle with different proliferation rates were compared. The clones were classified as either fast-growing (early clone) or slow-growing (late clone) SCs. To thoroughly examine the molecular differences between these two groups, RNA sequencing was conducted to compare their transcriptomes following 72 h of proliferation. Principal Component Analysis confirmed that the transcriptomic profiles of early- and late-clones are markedly distinct. Differential gene expression analysis identified over 5,300 genes that were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups of cells. Gene ontology analysis showed that genes highly expressed in early clones are responsible for the fundamental aspects of muscle biology, including muscle tissue development and structural maturation. Conversely, genes upregulated in late clones are involved in cell-cell communication, extracellular matrix interactions, signal ligand activity, and cytokine activity-key components for forming an extracellular niche essential for functional satellite cells maintenance. Further examination of specific gene ontology categories such as muscle structure development and extracellular matrix components indicated significant differences in gene expression patterns between early- and late-clones. These findings highlight the genetic and functional diversity of SCs in turkeys. The distinct roles of these satellite cell populations indicate that a balance between them is necessary for preserving the normal physiological functions of SCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1547188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Distribution of dominant wavelengths predicts jackdaw (<i>Corvus monedula</i>) color discrimination performance\".","authors":"Farina Lingstädt, Aylin Apostel, Jonas Rose","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1543469","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1543469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Color vision is an important perceptual ability in most species and a crucial capacity underlying any cognitive task working with color stimuli. Birds are known for their outstanding vision and tetrachromacy. Two jackdaws were trained to indicate whether they perceive two colors as same or different. The dominant wavelengths of the experimental colors were assessed to relate the birds' performance to the physical qualities of the stimuli. The results indicate that the differences or similarities in dominant wavelengths of the colors had a strong influence on the behavioral data. Colors related to a reduced discriminatory performance were colors of particularly close wavelengths, whereas differences in saturation or brightness were less relevant. Overall, jackdaws mostly relied on hue to discriminate color pairs, and their behavior strongly reflected the physical composition of the color set. These findings show that when working with color stimuli, not only the perceptual abilities of the particular species, but also the technical aspects concerning the color presentation have to be considered carefully.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1543469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11882508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous assessment of mitochondrial and vascular function using the Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence technique.","authors":"Andrzej Marcinek, Joanna Katarzynska, Jerzy Gebicki","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1509159","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1509159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) is a new non-invasive diagnostic method for assessing vascular circulation and/or metabolic regulation. The method measures stimulation of the circulation in response to post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). It analyzes the dynamical changes in NADH fluorescence emitted from skin tissue, providing information on mitochondrial metabolic status and intracellular oxygen delivery through the circulatory system. Assessment of the vascular state using the FMSF technique is based on three parameters: flowmotion (FM) under normoxia conditions, hypoxia sensitivity (HS), and hyperemic response (HR_max). The functioning of mitochondria can be assessed by analyzing the ischemic response (IR_max), hypoxia sensitivity (HS), and the basal level of NADH fluorescence. There is a close relationship between the functioning of mitochondria and the vascular system. Despite these interactions, mitochondrial and vascular regulatory function can be monitored separately as well as simultaneously by the FMSF technique. Uniquely, this approach delivers information on both mitochondrial and vascular function based on a single measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1509159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male mouse skeletal muscle lacking HuR shows enhanced glucose disposal at a young age.","authors":"Robert C Noland, Sujoy Ghosh, Carlos J Crisanto, Antonio Aleman, McKenna K Chaney, Maitri K Chauhan, Layla G Loftis, Ally C Goad, Christin F Rickman, Samuel E Velasquez, Jaycob D Warfel","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2024.1468369","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2024.1468369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic flexibility is the ability of a system to switch between metabolic substrates. Human and murine skeletal muscle tissues and cells with decreased activity of the regulatory RNA-binding protein, human antigen R (HuR), have decreased capacity for fat oxidation, and thus decreased metabolic flexibility. In this study, we aimed to assess the preference for carbohydrates in mice lacking HuR in skeletal muscle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experiments were performed on weight-matched control and HuR knockout mice of both sexes. Palmitate and pyruvate oxidation were performed in mouse muscle following the release of ¹⁴CO₂. <i>In vivo</i> glucose and lipid uptake were assayed in mouse tissue following nonmetabolizable ³H-2-deoxyglucose or ¹⁴C-bromopalmitate injection. Transcriptomic analyses were performed in the skeletal muscle of all mice, followed by qPCR validation of select genes. Serum lactate and glucose levels were measured in mice <i>via</i> tail nick, and the muscle glycogen level was measured through colorimetric assay. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure respiratory exchange ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Male muscle-specific HuR knockout mice showed increased glucose uptake relative to controls, specifically in skeletal muscle, and have increased muscle glycogen content. These mice also displayed greater respiratory exchange ratios than controls. None of these differences were noted in females. Transcriptomics showed far more differences between male and female mice than between control and HuR knockout mice. However, differential gene expression between male and female mice was diminished by 50% following the removal of HuR. Male HuR knockout mouse skeletal muscle had increased glycolytic gene expression relative to controls but showed no difference relative to females of the same genotype. Both palmitate and pyruvate oxidation were decreased in the skeletal muscle of male HuR knockout mice relative to controls, and serum lactate levels were increased. No notable differences were seen in females between genotypes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The increase in the markers of glucose utilization with decreased HuR activity in male mice may indicate a switch toward glycolysis as compensation for decreased fat oxidation. These results continue to highlight a sex dependence on HuR as a driver of fat oxidation in mouse skeletal muscle while also indicating that muscle itself shows greater ambiguity between males and females following the removal of HuR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1468369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Th1/Th17 and Th2 cytokines on lipid metabolism in differentiated keratinocytes.","authors":"Alessia Cavallo, Emanuela Camera, Miriam Maiellaro, Grazia Bottillo, Sarah Mosca, Daniela Kovacs, Enrica Flori, Giorgia Cardinali","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1387128","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1387128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Abnormalities of keratinocyte differentiation and impairment of permeability barrier are features of inflammatory skin diseases driven by Th1/Th17 and Th2 immune response, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. We aimed at identifying the signature of the Th1/Th17 and Th2 environments on keratinocytes, focusing on the expression of genes involved in the lipid metabolism and profiles of abundance of lipid metabolites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human immortalized keratinocytes in prodifferentiative conditions induced by increasing calcium concentration, and 3D epidermal equivalents were treated with mixtures either of TNF-α and IL-17A plus Th1-related cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6) or of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13). The expression of genes involved in epidermal differentiation and lipid metabolism was evaluated by RT-PCR at 2, 4 and 7 days of treatment. The protein levels of early and late keratinocyte differentiation markers were assessed. The lipid composition was investigated by GCMS and LCMS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both Th1/Th17 and Th2 cytokine mixtures changed the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of fatty acids (FAs), i.e., FAS, FADS2, SCD1, and ALOX12B. Th1/ Th17 downregulated the ELOVL3 gene, which is implicated in the FAs elongation, while the mRNA levels of ABCA12 and HMGCR, genes involved in lipids transport and cholesterol synthesis, respectively, were decreased with both cytokine mixtures. DEGS1 and DEGS2, key enzymes in the ceramide synthesis, were downregulated and upregulated in the Th1/Th17 and Th2 environments, respectively. The mRNA expression of CERS3, which synthesizes ceramides containing long chain FAs, was increased by Th1/Th17 cytokines. Both Th1/ Th17 and Th2 cytokine mixtures lowered the CERS6 mRNA levels in differentiated keratinocytes. Effects specific to Th1/Th17 or Th2 cytokines were observed on freely extractable cell lipids. Th1/Th17 cytokines significantly inhibited the high calcium-induced synthesis of phospholipids (PCs, PEs, SMs), and short-chain ceramides, while the synthesis of ceramides with medium to long carbon chains was upregulated. Th2 cytokines caused a generalized decrement of free FAs, including long-chain ones. In contrast to 2D cultures, the 3D epidermal equivalents allowed the identification of altered profiles of acyland hexosyl-ceramides.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The different effects exerted by Th1/Th17 and Th2 cytokines support, at least in part, the features of lipid barrier alterations specific to psoriasis or atopic dermatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1387128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) index and risk of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with sepsis: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.","authors":"Yiming Hua, Ning Ding, Huaizhi Jing, Yifei Xie, Hao Wu, Yue Wu, Beidi Lan","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1469866","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1469866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) is an emergency predictive indicator of sepsis-related mortality. An elevated LAR is associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. However, its predictive value for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between LAR and AKI in patients with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population was derived from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (2.0) database and stratified into quartiles based on the LAR. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of AKI. The secondary endpoints were the use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between the LAR index and risk of AKI in patients with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 5,222 patients with sepsis were included, of whom 3,029 were male (58%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significant differences in the cumulative incidence of AKI and cumulative usage rate of RRT among patients with sepsis based on the quartiles of the LAR index. Additionally, Cox proportional hazards analysis adjusted for confounding factors showed a significant association between the LAR index and incidence of AKI in patients with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study indicated that a high LAR index can serve as an independent predictor of AKI in patients with sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1469866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term microgravity effects simulation does not affect fNIRS measures of cerebral oxygenation changes induced by cognitive load.","authors":"Vsevolod Peysakhovich, Thibault Kiehl, Lucia Vicente Martinez, Laure Boyer, Mickaël Causse, Alexis Paillet, Anne Pavy-Le Traon","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1425302","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1425302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past decade, there has been a surge in interest in space exploration studies, particularly due to the prospect of exploring distant planets such as Mars. However, long-duration space missions may pose cognitive challenges resulting from spaceflight-induced perceptual and motor changes, prolonged cephalic fluid shifts, and high cognitive load. One method for monitoring cognitive activity is functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a technique not yet tested under prolonged microgravity conditions beyond parabolic flight periods. Since fNIRS relies on cerebral oxygenation levels, should we adjust it for the fluid shift? To address this, the study explores the impact of simulated microgravity on cerebral oxygenation measures using fNIRS during a cognitive task, employing head-down tilt at different inclination levels and the Toulouse N-back Task (assessing memory and mental calculation) with varying difficulty levels. Eighteen subjects participated in the experiment. The results indicated that increasing difficulty levels of the cognitive task led to decreased accuracy, longer response times, and higher perceived difficulty scores. The inclination levels did not affect task performance. Increased difficulty was also concomitant with increasing HbO and decreasing HbR concentrations unaffected by the head-down tilt angle variations. These promising findings suggest that fNIRS measures could be used under microgravity conditions to measure cognitive load without correction for fluid shift.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1425302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences between macrovascular and microvascular functions in pregnant women with chronic hypertension or preeclampsia: new insights into maternal vascular health.","authors":"Julyane N S Kaihara, Hellen Cristiane Grepi Okano, Eduardo Carvalho de Arruda Veiga, Gustavo Moleiro Tallarico, Carlos Alan Dias-Junior, Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli, Valeria Cristina Sandrim","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1536437","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1536437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including chronic hypertension (CH) and preeclampsia (PE), stand as prominent global contributors to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of these conditions. This dysfunction impacts blood flow and the regulation of vascular response, potentially leading to alterations in the remodeling of blood vessels. Nitric oxide bioavailability, a key regulator of vascular tone, is often diminished in endothelial dysfunction, with nitrite levels serving as a surrogate marker. Methods such as pulse wave velocity (PWV) and peripheral arterial tonometry provide valuable insights into vascular health in large and small vessels, respectively, in hypertensive pregnancies. Among these, peripheral arterial tonometry stands out as a less explored technique in research. This study aimed to evaluate potential alterations in the macrovascular arterial stiffness and the microvascular endothelial function among pregnant women diagnosed with CH or PE compared to healthy pregnant (HP) women. Additionally, we aimed to correlate these vascular parameters with demographic and clinical data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study enrolled 24 HP women, 24 with CH during pregnancy, and 24 with PE who underwent evaluations of large-artery stiffness via PWV assessments and peripheral arterial tonometry via natural logarithm of the reactive hyperemia index (lnRHI) assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with CH and PE exhibited higher large-artery stiffness than HP, although the lnRHI values remained comparable across all groups. Furthermore, PWV values demonstrated a direct correlation or tendency toward a positive correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) in all groups. However, PWV and nitrite concentrations were not correlated. Notably, microvascular function was positively correlated with SBP and DBP in PE, but not in CH or HP. The correlation between lnRHI and nitrite concentrations was observed in the PE group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, our findings indicate that, while HDPs have demonstrated increased large-artery stiffness in comparison to HP, the microvasculature analyzed by peripheral arterial tonometry was similar among all three groups. Interestingly, the correlation patterns in the nitrite levels, blood pressure, and microvascular function differed in the PE and CH groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1536437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}