Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-15eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1636405
Lei Zhang, Hanyi Li, Tongling Wang, Chao Chen
{"title":"Influence of upper-body high-intensity intermittent training on energy metabolism and maximal oxygen uptake in elite swimmers.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Hanyi Li, Tongling Wang, Chao Chen","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1636405","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1636405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper aimed to investigate the effects of upper-body high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on energy metabolism and maximal oxygen uptake ( <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>VO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> max) in elite swimmers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which elite swimmers were stratified and randomly assigned to either an upper-body HIIT group or an upper-body moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) group. The HIIT group performed upper-body HIIT sessions lasting 60 min, including a warm-up, main workout, and cool-down at a 2:3:1 time ratio. The main workout consisted of circuit-based HIIT involving eight exercises, each performed for 20 s with 10 s of rest, totaling 230 s per circuit, with 3-min interset intervals, repeated for three sets. The MICT group followed a similar session structure except that the main workout involved eight continuous exercises performed for 60 s each with 20-s rest intervals and 20-s interset intervals and also repeated for three sets. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included upper-body cycle ergometry to evaluate the <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>VO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> max and indices of energy metabolism. Repeated-measure ANOVA was used to analyze changes in <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>VO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> max and energy metabolism indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to the intervention, no significant differences in <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>VO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> max or energy metabolism indices between the two groups were noted. After 4 weeks of training, the HIIT group exhibited significant improvements in <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>VO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> max and energy metabolism parameters as assessed by upper-body ergometry (p <math><mrow><mo><</mo></mrow> </math> 0.05). By contrast, the MICT group showed no significant changes in these indicators (p <math><mrow><mo>></mo></mrow> </math> 0.05). A significant interaction effect was observed between time and group (p <math><mrow><mo><</mo></mrow> </math> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 4-week program of upper-body HIIT significantly enhances energy metabolism and <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>VO</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> max in elite swimmers. These findings provide a theoretical basis for incorporating upper-body HIIT into the training regimens of competitive swimmers to optimize aerobic capacity and metabolic efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1636405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-15eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1685526
Fan Zhang, Laishuan Wang, Yahui Zhou
{"title":"Mitochondria as the central regulator of cell death in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.","authors":"Fan Zhang, Laishuan Wang, Yahui Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1685526","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1685526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major chronic respiratory condition affecting preterm infants, characterized by impaired alveolar and vascular development. While the roles of oxidative stress and inflammation are recognized, this review provides a novel synthesis by positioning mitochondrial dysfunction as the central hub integrating these injurious processes with the activation of diverse cell death pathways in BPD pathogenesis. We critically explore how mitochondrial damage, driven by hyperoxia and inflammation, not only amplifies cellular injury but also orchestrates specific modes of programmed cell death, particularly apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and the newly delineated cuproptosis. A key contribution is elucidating the crosstalk between these pathways and their collective impact on alveolar simplification and vascular dysregulation. Furthermore, we discuss the translational implications of targeting mitochondrial quality control and death pathways, proposing novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating BPD progression. This review thus offers a unified mitochondrial-centric perspective, moving beyond descriptive mechanism to provide a conceptual framework for understanding BPD pathobiology and advancing targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1685526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-15eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1633089
Rongting Zhao, Jiwei Yao, Yangjian Dong
{"title":"From a female perspective: plyometric training's impact on jump, sprint, and change-of-direction performance in adult female athletes-a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Rongting Zhao, Jiwei Yao, Yangjian Dong","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1633089","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1633089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on female subjects in sports science remains insufficient, particularly regarding how plyometric training affects adult female athletes' jumping, sprinting, and change-of-direction (COD) performance. This gap has prevented definitive conclusions about the magnitude and characteristics of such performance effects. This study systematically investigates the impact of plyometric training on adult female athletes' jumping, sprinting, and COD performance. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science (including all databases), MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, and SPORTDiscus, with the search time frame extending from the inception of each database to 10 May 2025. Data analysis was performed using Stata 15 software, and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. The results indicate that plyometric training significantly enhances the jumping performance (SMD = 0.70, p < 0.001, medium effect), sprinting performance (SMD = -0.61, p < 0.001, medium effect), and COD performance (SMD = -0.86, p < 0.001, large effect) of adult female athletes. Subgroup analysis further reveals that plyometric training significantly improves countermovement jump (CMJ; SMD = 0.84, p < 0.001, large effect), squat jump (SJ; SMD = 0.41, p = 0.046, small effect), and standing long jump (SLJ; SMD = 0.45, p = 0.031, small effect) performance, as well as sprinting performance over distances of 10 m (SMD = -0.55, p = 0.016, medium effect), 20 m (SMD = -0.55, p = 0.002, medium effect), and 30 m (SMD = -0.72, p = 0.002, medium effect). This study demonstrates that plyometric training effectively improves the jumping, sprinting, and COD performance of adult female athletes. It is recommended that coaches and athletes incorporate plyometric training into their specialized training programs to optimize sport performance and training outcomes in female athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1633089"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-12eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1567603
Tianyu Zhang, Jianda Kong
{"title":"How does exercise regulate the physiological responses of post traumatic stress disorder? the crosstalk between oxidative stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.","authors":"Tianyu Zhang, Jianda Kong","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1567603","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1567603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe psychological disorder cautilized by extreme traumatic events, typically accompanied by physiological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Our review explores how exercise boosts the physiological response of PTSD patients by regulating oxidative stress and HPA axis function, and delves into the potential mechanisms and application prospects of exercise in PTSD treatment. By a review of existing literature, we mainly discussed the effects of various types of exercise, like aerobic exercise, strength training, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), on oxidative stress markers and HPA axis function, and evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of exercise intervention in the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder. Specifically, regular exercise can enhance the antioxidant defense system, reduce levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), restore HPA axis function, and thereby alleviate the psychological and physiological symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Different types of exercise have varying influences on the regulation of oxidative stress and cortisol secretion patterns. As a multidimensional therapeutic approach, exercise can provide comprehensive therapeutic advantages by enhancing neural plasticity, promoting immune function, and improving psychological resilience. In addition, the combination of exercise with conventional treatment strategies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication has apparently optimized treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1567603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-12eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1648159
Anne V Clough, Pardis Taheri, Guru P Sharma, Ming Zhao, Elizabeth R Jacobs, Said H Audi
{"title":"Lung uptake of two SPECT markers identifies sensitivity to hyperoxia-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats.","authors":"Anne V Clough, Pardis Taheri, Guru P Sharma, Ming Zhao, Elizabeth R Jacobs, Said H Audi","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1648159","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1648159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exposure of adult rats to hyperoxia is a well-established model of human Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Although rats exposed to 100% O<sub>2</sub> display clinical evidence of lung injury after ∼40 h and death by 72 h, rats exposed to 60% O<sub>2</sub> for up to 7 days show little sign of injury. However, when subsequently exposed to hyperoxia, these pre-exposed rats become more susceptible to ARDS. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of imaging biomarkers to track this hyperoxia susceptibility and to elucidate underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to either room air (normoxia), >95% O<sub>2</sub> for 24 h (hyperoxia), 60% O<sub>2</sub> for 7 days (H-S), or H-S followed by 24 h of hyperoxia (H-S+24). Following i.v. injection of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-duramycin (marker of cell death) and/or <sup>99m</sup>Tc-hexamethylpropelyneamine oxime (<sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO, marker of lung tissue redox status), <i>in vivo</i> scintigraphy images were acquired and lung uptake of these biomarkers was determined from the images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO uptake was 84% greater in hyperoxic rats compared to normoxic controls. Uptake in H-S rats was 34% higher than normoxics, but with no change with subsequent exposure to hyperoxia (H-S+24). <sup>99m</sup>Tc-duramycin uptake was 40% greater in hyperoxic rats than normoxics. Uptake in H-S rats was not different from normoxics but increased by 160% with H-S+24 in conjunction with enhanced hyperoxia susceptibility. <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO and <sup>99m</sup>Tc-duramycin uptake correlated with expression of 3-nitrotyrosine (oxidative stress) and cleaved-caspase 3 (cell death) measures acquired independently.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Overall, these results suggest the potential utility of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO and <sup>99m</sup>Tc-duramycin imaging for identifying those hosts that are more, or less, susceptible to progression to severe ARDS at a time of mild symptoms of lung injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1648159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-11eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1587766
Lia K Strait, Dayne Dewan, Kylie E Williams, Tyler Guyer, Nick J Willett, Robert E Guldberg
{"title":"Load-bearing aerobic exercise prior to injury moderates systemic immunosuppression response to fracture.","authors":"Lia K Strait, Dayne Dewan, Kylie E Williams, Tyler Guyer, Nick J Willett, Robert E Guldberg","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1587766","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1587766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone fracture non-unions are common and often lead to costly revision surgeries, long-term patient pain and loss of function. Identifying fractures at-risk for non-union remains challenging due to an incomplete understanding of underlying mechanisms. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that dysregulated immune responses are linked to impaired healing. These studies have also identified fracture characteristics, biologic factors, and lifestyle habits associated with a higher risk of poor healing. However, the impact of exercise history on the immune response to fracture remains underexplored. Load-bearing aerobic exercise is known to modulate properties of bone and systemic inflammation, suggesting that exercise history could influence post-fracture immune responses and healing outcomes. Using a rat treadmill exercise and femoral segmental defect model, this study sought to determine if regular exercise pre-fracture affects the systemic immune response and healing outcomes. We hypothesized that pre-fracture treadmill running would attenuate immunosuppressive mediators-shown previously to correlate with poor healing-and improve bone regeneration compared to sedentary controls. Subjects that exercised before fracture had decreased post-fracture circulating immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells and pain sensitivity, however there was no significant effect of prehabilitation on bone repair volume, defect bridging rate, or biomechanical properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1587766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hematological characteristics, oxidative stress, and patient-reported symptoms in Tibetan patients with chronic mountain sickness at 4500 m altitude.","authors":"Yang Zhong, Fengying Zhang, Qiuyue Li, Doudou Hao, Zhiyou Shi, Yuling Liu, Suying Zhu, Pasang Tsering, Yunhong Wu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1661738","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1661738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic mountain sickness (CMS), driven by chronic hypoxia, features erythrocytosis, cardiovascular impairment, and systemic oxidative stress. Current studies focus on haematological and cardiopulmonary changes, but multidimensional features like sleep disturbances, quality of life, and oxidative stress remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study included 47 adult Tibetan residents living at 4,500 m and diagnosed with CMS using Qinghai criteria. Blood samples were collected, and questionnaires assessed quality of life, fatigue, and sleep. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore associations between variables, using CMS comorbid with high-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) or sleep disturbance as endpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients was 40.57 ± 6.21 years (29 males, 18 females). Males had higher RBC, HGB, HCT, UA, and T-AOC levels (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). A moderate to strong positive correlation was observed between these markers. 91.67% of patients with comorbid HAPC were males with severe CMS. Lower MCHC (OR = 0.80, <i>P</i> = 0.02) and higher T-AOC (OR = 1.47, <i>P</i> = 0.02) were associated with HAPC. Males (OR = 0.11, <i>P</i> = 0.03), higher 8-OHdG levels (OR = 0.95, <i>P</i> = 0.03), higher body pain scores (OR = 0.91, <i>P</i> < 0.01), and higher general health scores (OR = 0.90, <i>P</i> = 0.02) were more likely to report good sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Males with CMS had higher T-AOC and better sleep quality than females. Good sleep quality was associated with better quality of life and less fatigue. Oxidative stress indicators correlated with clinical phenotypes, but causality requires further investigation. This trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400082685).</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1661738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-11eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1672603
Aidan Lewis, Ben Rattray, Andrew Flood
{"title":"Optimising transcranial direct current stimulation application for the enhancement of exercise performance: a review.","authors":"Aidan Lewis, Ben Rattray, Andrew Flood","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1672603","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1672603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has shown potential in enhancing performance across a range of exercise types. However, the variability in its effectiveness suggests that outcomes may be contingent on how stimulation is applied. This review evaluates the current evidence surrounding the optimisation of tDCS for performance enhancement, focusing on individual stimulation parameters; timing, intensity, current density, montage, and electrode configuration, and their interactions. We highlight how modifications in these dose components can produce non-linear and sometimes paradoxical effects on corticospinal excitability, the primary mechanistic rationale proposed for tDCS-related performance gains. Evidence suggests that online vs offline stimulation, session duration, dual-dosing protocols, and extracephalic or high-definition montages can all substantially influence psychophysiological outcomes, though findings remain inconsistent. Through the review, we identify significant gaps in comparative data and cautions against assumptions that increased stimulation intensity or duration equates to improved performance. We critique the reliance on outdated methodologies including the use the 10-20 EEG system, and conclude by providing practical recommendations for future research, calling for systematic investigations of dose interactions, protocol standardisation, and direct comparisons of novel and established tDCS methods. These steps are necessary to utilise tDCS to its full potential in the context of exercise performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1672603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of transfusion load on renal function in intraoperative salvage autotransfusion: a retrospective cohort study for 200 patients.","authors":"Honglan Wang, Meixin Zhang, Yu Gu, Weixin Zeng, Mei You, Wenxing Chen, Zhongshu Wu, Yahua Ye, Weitao Yu, Shuxuan Wang, Jingyang Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1640701","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1640701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of transfusion load on renal function during intraoperative salvage auto-transfusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 200 patients were assigned to five groups based on the transfusion load: 0-200 mL (Group A, n = 40), 201-400 mL (Group B, n = 40), 401-600 mL (Group C, n = 40), 601-800 mL (Group D, n = 40), >800 mL (Group E, n = 40). Serum creatinine (sCr) and free hemoglobin (FHb) concentrations were measured at preoperative baseline (T<sub>0</sub>), 1 h (T<sub>3</sub>), 2 h (T<sub>4</sub>), 12 h (T<sub>5</sub>), and 24 h (T<sub>6</sub>) post-auto-transfusion. FHb and sCr levels were also assessed in the blood storage tank before washed (T<sub>1</sub>) and in the reinfusion bag after washing (T<sub>2</sub>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Groups A, B, and C, there was no significant change in sCr levels between T0 and subsequent time points (T<sub>3</sub>, T<sub>4</sub>, T<sub>5</sub>, T<sub>6</sub>). However, in Groups D and E, sCr levels increased by more than 26.5 μmol/L from baseline at T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub>, with sustained elevations at T<sub>3</sub>, T<sub>4</sub>, and T<sub>5</sub> compared to T0. FHb concentrations were higher in both T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> compared to T<sub>0</sub>, following a similar trend as sCr. Patients receiving more than 600 mL of autologous transfusion showed a transient increase in sCr at 1 and 2 h post-transfusion, consistent with acute kidney injury (AKI), which resolved by 24 h after transfusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Attention should be paid to renal function in patients receiving large volumes (>600 mL) of salvaged blood during intraoperative auto-transfusion, as these patients may experience transient AKI, which resolves over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1640701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in PhysiologyPub Date : 2025-09-11eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1638590
Salviano Resende-Silva, Antônio Gomes de Resende-Neto, Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos, Marcos Raphael Pereira-Monteiro, Alan Pantoja-Cardoso, Laíza Ellen Santana Santos, Newton Benites Carvalho Lima, José Lucas de Jesus Santos, José Carlos Aragão-Santos, Dulce Marta Schimieguel, José Ronaldo Dos Santos, Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto
{"title":"Functional training improves cognitive function, functional fitness, and BDNF levels in older women with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Salviano Resende-Silva, Antônio Gomes de Resende-Neto, Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos, Marcos Raphael Pereira-Monteiro, Alan Pantoja-Cardoso, Laíza Ellen Santana Santos, Newton Benites Carvalho Lima, José Lucas de Jesus Santos, José Carlos Aragão-Santos, Dulce Marta Schimieguel, José Ronaldo Dos Santos, Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1638590","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1638590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To oppose the aging-related cognitive and functional decline, the efficacy of different training methods has been tested, aiming body multisystemic adaptations. In this sense, Functional Training (FT) has shown relevant results in the physical fitness of older adults. However, little is known about its impact on older women with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effects of functional and aerobic training on cognitive function and functional fitness in older women with mild cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight older women completed a 16-week intervention through three groups: 1) Functional Training (FT: n = 28; mean age = 67.5 ± 4.8 years), 2) Aerobic Training (AT: n = 22; mean age = 66.3 ± 4.6 years), and 3) Control Group (CG: n = 18; mean age = 67.5 ± 4.6 years). The training sessions did occur three times per week, with a duration of 50 min per session for both exercised groups. The training load was quantified daily in the FT group. Cognitive function, serum levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and functional fitness were assessed pre- and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FT and AT groups showed improvements in cognitive status (FT: d = 0.99, p ≤ 0.001; AT: d = 0.97, p ≤ 0.001) and semantic memory (FT: d = 0.95, p < 0.001; AT: d = 0.97, p < 0.001); however, only FT led to improvements in executive function (d = 0.63, p = 0.043) and increased serum BDNF levels (d = 0.95, p = 0.011). Regarding functional fitness, both groups showed improvements in gait and stand up ability, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness. However, only FT improved dexterity and upper limb strength. No statistically significant differences were observed between the FT and AT groups in the measured outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both FT and AT improve cognitive function and functional fitness in older women with mild cognitive impairment. However, in addition to eliciting a greater magnitude of effects on some outcomes, FT was the only intervention to modulate peripheral BDNF concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1638590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}