Frontiers in Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Mapping the future: bibliometric insights into ferroptosis and diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Tangwen Wei, Yang Qin, Xiaohui Lin, Xiujuan Wang, Suyi Chen, Xia Chen, Nan Yan, Xinyi Wei, Zhichang Zhang, Bing Wei","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1516466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1516466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, exerts a substantial burden on healthcare systems globally. Emerging evidence highlights ferroptosis - an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion - as a critical contributor to DN progression via oxidative stress, tubular injury, and glomerular dysfunction. Despite increasing research interest, a comprehensive synthesis of research trends and mechanistic insights is lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study integrated bibliometric analysis with a mechanistic review to map the evolving ferroptosis landscape in DN, identify research hotspots, and propose future directions for therapeutic development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 86 publications (2018-2023) were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Co-occurrence networks, citation trends, and keyword bursts were examined to delineate global contributions, collaborative networks, and emerging themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Annual publication numbers surged 12-fold after 2020, with China contributing the highest proportion (60.4%), and led by institutions such as Zhengzhou University. The United States of America and Germany showed high centrality in collaborative networks. Key research themes included glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-mediated antioxidant defenses, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4)-mediated lipid remodeling, and iron dysregulation. <i>Frontiers in Endocrinology</i> (nine articles) and <i>Free Radical Biology and Medicine</i> (highest citation count: 171) emerged as pivotal publication platforms. Mechanistic analyses identified three ferroptosis defense axes (GPX4, FSP1/CoQ10, and GCH1/BH4) and cell type-specific vulnerabilities in tubular, podocyte, and endothelial cells. Preclinical agents, including ginkgolide B (GB) and dapagliflozin, effectively restored iron homeostasis and attenuated oxidative damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ferroptosis is a promising therapeutic target for DN, yet its clinical translation remains in its infancy. Future efforts should prioritize large-scale clinical trials, single-cell mechanistic profiling, and interdisciplinary integration to bridge molecular insights with precision therapies. This study provides a roadmap for advancing ferroptosis-targeted interventions for DN, emphasizing global collaborations and biomarker-driven strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1516466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aleurone supplementation enhances the metabolic benefits of training in Standardbred mares: impacts on glucose-insulin dynamics and gut microbiome composition.","authors":"Berit Boshuizen, Lorie De Maré, Maarten Oosterlinck, Filip Van Immerseel, Venessa Eeckhaut, Constance De Meeus, Lindsey Devisscher, Carmen Vidal Moreno de Vega, Maarten Willems, Jean Eduardo De Oliveira, Guilherme Hosotani, Yannick Gansemans, Tim Meese, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Dieter Deforce, Katrien Vanderperren, Elisabeth-Lidwien Verdegaal, Cathérine Delesalle","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1565005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1565005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aleurone, derived from the bran layer of grains like wheat and barley, has demonstrated positive effects on energy metabolism in pigs, mice, and untrained horses, influencing glucose-insulin dynamics and gut microbiome composition. Training itself enhances insulin sensitivity in horses, similar to the improvements in performance capacity observed in human athletes. This study aimed to investigate whether aleurone supplementation provides additional benefits to training by modulating insulin metabolism and gut microbiota in Standardbred mares.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixteen Standardbred mares (aged 3-5 years) participated in a cross-over study with two 8-week training periods separated by 8 weeks of detraining. Each horse received either 200 g/day aleurone supplementation or a control diet. Insulin metabolism was evaluated using oral (OGTT) and intravenous (FSIGTT) glucose tolerance tests, measuring parameters such as Maximum_glucose, AUC_glucose, Maximum_insulin, AUC_insulin, Time to peak_insulin (OGTT), Acute Insulin Response to Glucose (AIRg), glucose effectiveness (Sg), and disposition index (DI) (FSIGTT). Fecal samples underwent metagenomic analysis to assess alpha and beta diversity and microbial composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Training alone: Training significantly improved OGTT parameters by decreasing Maximum_insulin (<i>P</i> = 0.005) and AUC_insulin (<i>P</i> = 0.001), while increasing Time to peak_insulin (<i>P</i> = 0.03), indicating enhanced insulin sensitivity. FSIGTT results also showed a decrease in logAIRg (<i>P</i> = 0.044). Training with Aleurone: Aleurone supplementation further reduced FSIGTT AIRg (<i>P</i> = 0.030), logAIRg (<i>P</i> = 0.021) while increasing glucose effectiveness (Sg; <i>P</i> = 0.031). These findings suggest aleurone improves insulin sensitivity, glucose disposal, and fasting glucose regulation beyond training. Microbiome analysis revealed training decreased <i>Pseudomonas</i>, associated with dysbiosis, while aleurone reduced inflammation-associated <i>Desulfovibrio</i>. Beta diversity metrics showed no significant changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aleurone supplementation enhances training-induced improvements in glucose metabolism and fecal microbiota composition, which could offer potential benefits for equine athletes by optimizing metabolic flexibility. It also supports improvements in glucose and insulin dynamics, particularly by further enhancing insulin sensitivity and glucose-mediated disposal. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms of aleurone at the muscle and gut level and explore its potential applications for metabolic disorders such as Equine Metabolic Syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1565005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of exercise therapy on pain, fatigue, bone function and inflammatory biomarkers individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and knee osteoarthritis: a meta-research review of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Xiaoting Fu, Liang Zhang, Cuijuan Wang, Jun Yue, Hang Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1558214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1558214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating evidence suggested the potential role of exercise in alleviating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether exercise improves physical function (walk test, grip strength, muscle strength, joint assessments) and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with RA is unclear. This umbrella meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of exercise in patients with RA.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Library databases were systematically searched for meta-analyses of randomized control trials (RCTs) to retrieve relevant studies. The effect sizes were pooled using a random-effects model, with standardized or weighted mean differences (SMDs or WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as summary statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen studies were included. The improving effects of exercise on fatigue levels (SMD = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.44, -0.13), pain intensity (ES = -0.50, 95% CI: -0.87, -0.14), disease activity score in joints (DAS) (WMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -0.99, -0.09; and SMD = -0.47, 95% CI: -0.64, -0.30), and ESR (ES = -0.85, 95% CI: -1.66, -0.03) were significant. No significant impact on the hand grip, muscle strength, walk test, joints and inflammatory biomarkers was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise significantly reduces fatigue, pain, DAS, and ESR in RA but shows no impact on grip strength, muscle strength, walk test, joints, or other inflammatory biomarkers. This highlights its role in symptom management rather than broad physiological changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uric acid reduces the expression of aquaporins in renal collecting ducts to increase urine output in hyperuricemia.","authors":"Xiaohui Cui, Rongfang Qiao, Bing Wang, Yitong Hu, Guoying Sun, Wenjuan Hu, Zhilin Luan, Huiwen Ren, Hu Xu, Youfei Guan, Xiaoyan Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1504328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1504328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperuricemia (HUA) has attracted wide attention due to its close relationship with gout, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, atherosclerotic heart disease, type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Clinical observations suggest that people with high levels of serum uric acid (sUA) exhibits impaired urine concentration. We speculate that UA may regulate the expression of AQPs through inflammatory pathways, resulting in impaired renal urine concentration.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We revealed that patients and mice with HUA had a polyuria phenotype and found that the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2), AQP3 and AQP4 were significantly reduced in the kidneys of mice with HUA. Similarly, uric acid (UA) treatment markedly suppressed the expression of AQP2, AQP3 and AQP4 in cultured inner medullary collecting duct cells (IMCDs). We observed an increased expression of NF-κB in the kidneys of mice with HUA and in the IMCD cells treated with UA. Blockade of NF-κB by its inhibitor Bay 11-7082 dramatically attenuated UA-suppressed expression of AQP2, AQP3 and AQP4. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter, CHIP and EMSA assays showed that NF-κB can directly bind to the promoter regions of AQP2, AQP3 and AQP4 genes to suppress their transcription.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that UA reduces the expression of AQP2, AQP3 and AQP4 in an NFκB-dependent manner, which contributes to the polyuria phenotype in the subjects with HUA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1504328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of running speed, inclination, and fatigue on calcaneus angle in female runners.","authors":"Nina Verdel, Neža Nograšek, Miha Drobnič, Irinej Papuga, Vojko Strojnik, Matej Supej","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1505263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1505263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Running is a popular form of physical activity with significant health benefits, but improper technique can lead to running-related injuries. This study investigates the influence of running speed, incline, and fatigue on calcaneus eversion/inversion angle at heel strike, maximum eversion angle, and range of motion, factors associated with lower limb injuries. Fifteen injury-free female runners participated in this study. Kinematic data were collected using a 3D motion capture system with reflective markers placed directly on the skin through specially modified running shoes. The runners performed treadmill trials at varying speeds (10, 12, and 14 km/h) and inclines (0°, 5°, and 10°), both before and after a fatigue-inducing 30-min run. The results indicate that higher speeds were associated with an increase in inversion angle at heel strike (<i>p</i> = 0.05) and range of motion (<i>p</i> = 0.02 before fatigue), both of which are linked to chronic ankle instability and Achilles tendinopathy. Running at an incline reduced both maximum eversion angle (<i>p</i> = 0.002 after fatigue) and range of motion (p = 0.003 after fatigue), suggesting a protective effect against excessive eversion. Fatigue increased range of motion (<i>p</i> = 0.05), which is a risk factor for instability and overuse injuries. These findings suggest that running at higher speeds and in a fatigued state may increase the likelihood of injuries due to increased range of motion, whereas incline running may mitigate this risk by reducing excessive eversion and range of motion. Understanding these biomechanical changes can inform injury prevention strategies for runners.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1505263"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prophet's rite of passage - pitfalls in evaluating real-time prediction in medicine.","authors":"Noam Keidar, Yael Yaniv","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1569008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1569008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1569008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired inhibitory reno-renal reflex responses in chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Ahmed A Rahman, Cara M Hildreth, Phil Milliken, Sarah Hassan, Arun Sridhar, Jacqueline K Phillips","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1544592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1544592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The renal afferent nerves serve as physiologic regulators of efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA) as part of the inhibitory reno-renal reflex. Dysregulation of this reflex response may promote sympathoexcitation and subsequent hypertension under pathologic conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). We have undertaken an in-depth characterization of reno-renal reflex function in CKD using an anesthetized rodent model with concurrent physiological outflows assessed. Using anesthetized male Lewis Polycystic Kidney (LPK) rats and normotensive Lewis controls, we investigated the cardiovascular [blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and sympathetic responses (recorded from renal and splanchnic nerves (r/sSNA)] to renal capsaicin (50 µM) and direct electrical stimulation of the whole renal nerve. In Lewis rats, intra-pelvic renal capsaicin injection resulted in a depressor, bradycardic, and sympathoinhibitory response in sSNA with no significant change in rSNA. In contrast, the same stimulus led to a pressor and sympathoexcitatory response in the LPK group. In Lewis rats, low-intensity electrical stimulation (0.2 ms pulses, 15 μA, 2-40 Hz) of the renal nerve elicited a depressor response and bradycardia with concurrent sympathoexcitation (sSNA), whereas high-intensity (150 µA) stimulation induced a biphasic depressor/pressor response and tachycardia. In LPK rats, low-intensity renal nerve electrical stimulation triggered a biphasic depressor/pressor BP response, tachycardia, and sympathoexcitation. High-intensity stimulation similarly caused a biphasic depressor/pressor BP response and tachycardia. The magnitude of the sSNA response and both phases of the blood pressure response was higher in LPK compared to Lewis. All responses showed some degree of frequency dependency. Our results suggest the inhibitory reno-renal reflex is impaired in CKD, with dominance of excitatory reflex response. However, a depressor component remained that could be targeted using implantable neurotechnologies to lower blood pressure in CKD patients safely and effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1544592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral plyometric training effectively reduces lower limb asymmetry in athletes: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Wei Sun, Hui Li, Luping Qu, Yuehui Zhou, Xiaoyang Cao, Ke Wang, Ke Li","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1551523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1551523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower limb asymmetry in athletes is associated with impaired performance and elevated injury risk. Plyometric training (PT) and complex training (CT) are commonly used interventions for this problem, but existing evidence on their effectiveness remains inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate PT and CT's effects on athletes' lower limb asymmetry. The findings could help optimize training protocols and reduce the risk of sports injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, EBSCO, CNKI, and Wanfang databases was conducted up to March 2024. Two researchers independently performed the literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment processes. A meta-analysis was conducted via Review Manager 5.3 software, including heterogeneity tests, effect size pooling, subgroup analysis, and funnel plot construction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 157 participants were included. PT effectively reduced lower limb asymmetry, particularly improving single-leg countermovement jump (SLCMJ) (SMD = 0.51, P = 0.05), single-leg broad jump (SLBJ) (SMD = 0.56, P = 0.01), and single-leg lateral jump (SLLJ) (SMD = 1.24, P = 0.01), but did not affect single-leg horizontal triple jumps (SLH3J) (SMD = 0.24, P = 0.60). In contrast, CT showed no meaningful reduction in asymmetry. Subgroup analysis indicated that unilateral PT alone significantly decreased asymmetry (SMD = 0.71, P < 0.01), whereas bilateral PT (SMD = 0.23, P = 0.45), unilateral CT (SMD = -0.15, P = 0.15) and bilateral CT (SMD = -0.09, P = 0.78) interventions all failed to demonstrate efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unilateral PT effectively reduces lower limb asymmetry in athletes. Coaches should integrate this method into training programs to address asymmetry-related performance deficits and injury risks. Further high-quality trials are required to validate clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1551523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.","authors":"You Zhai, Hongcai Shang, Yan Li, Nan Zhang, Jisi Zhang, Shangwen Wu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1514585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1514585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to systematically review the risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with coronary heart disease who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP) were screened until December 2024.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: </strong>Case-control studies or cohort studies on the risk factors for MACE in patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI. Data extraction and synthesis: The literature review, data extraction, and quality evaluation were conducted by two independent researchers, and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes: </strong>The main outcome was that MACE occurred during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 40 articles were included. The meta-analysis erevealed that dyslipidemia (OR = 1.50; 95% CI [1.19, 1.89], <i>p</i> = 0.0007), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.70; 95% CI [1.43, 2.02], <i>p</i> < 0.00001), hypertension (OR = 1.62; 95% CI [1.35, 1.96], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), history of smoking (OR = 2.08; 95% CI [1.51, 2.85], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), poorer ventricular function (OR = 2.39; 95% CI [2.17-2.64], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR = 1.86; 95% CI [1.71-2.03], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), door to balloon (D-to-B) time (OR = 0.61; 95% CI [0.42-0.88]; <i>p</i> = 0.009), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) (OR = 1.41; 95% CI [1.17, 1.70], <i>p</i> = 0.0004), renal dysfunction (OR = 1.82; 95% CI [1.37, 2.43], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and multi-vessel coronary artery disease (OR = 0.41; 95% CI [0.37, 0.46], <i>p</i> < 0.0001) were significantly associated with MACE after PCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The independent risk factors of MACE after PCI are dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking history, Killip class > II, LVEF ≤40%, D-to-B time >90 min, TIMI flow grade ≤ II, renal insufficiency, and multivessel disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1514585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in the process of amelogenesis.","authors":"Xiaoxue Ma, Yunjing Ma, Zhiyong Lin, Mei Ji","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1586769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1586769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amelogenesis is a highly regulated process involving multiple signaling pathways, among which the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in enamel formation. This review firstly elucidates the critical functions of TGF-β1 in regulating ameloblast behavior and enamel development, encompassing ameloblast proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, enamel matrix protein synthesis, and mineralization. Secondly, based on emerging evidence, we further discuss potential interactions between TGF-β signaling and circadian regulation in enamel formation, although this relationship requires further experimental validation. Finally, future research directions are proposed to further investigate the relationship between TGF-β1 and the circadian clock in the context of amelogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1586769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}