Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Small molecule inhibitors of fungal Δ(9) fatty acid desaturase as antifungal agents against Candida auris","authors":"Faiza Tebbji, Anagha C. T. Menon, Inès Khemiri, Daniel J. St-Cyr, Louis Villeneuve, Antony T. Vincent, Adnane Sellam","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1434939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1434939","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Candida auris</jats:italic> has emerged as a significant healthcare-associated pathogen due to its multidrug-resistant nature. Ongoing constraints in the discovery and provision of new antifungals create an urgent imperative to design effective remedies to this pressing global blight. Herein, we screened a chemical library and identified aryl-carbohydrazide analogs with potent activity against both <jats:italic>C. auris</jats:italic> and the most prevalent human fungal pathogen, <jats:italic>C. albicans</jats:italic>. SPB00525 [<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>’-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-nitro-furan-2-carbohydrazide] exhibited potent activity against different strains that were resistant to standard antifungals. Using drug-induced haploinsufficient profiling, transcriptomics and metabolomic analysis, we uncovered that Ole1, a Δ(9) fatty acid desaturase, is the likely target of SPB00525. An analog of the latter, HTS06170 [<jats:italic>N</jats:italic>’-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carbohydrazide], had a superior antifungal activity against both <jats:italic>C. auris</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. albicans</jats:italic>. Both SPB00525 and HTS06170 act as antivirulence agents and inhibited the invasive hyphal growth and biofilm formation of <jats:italic>C. albicans</jats:italic>. SPB00525 and HTS06170 attenuated fungal damage to human enterocytes and ameliorate the survival of <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella</jats:italic> larvae used as systemic candidiasis model. These data suggest that inhibiting fungal Δ(9) fatty acid desaturase activity represents a potential therapeutic approach for treating fungal infection caused by the superbug <jats:italic>C. auris</jats:italic> and the most prevalent human fungal pathogen, <jats:italic>C. albicans</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ISVsa3-ORF2-abh-tet(X4) circular intermediate-mediated transmission of tigecycline resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from duck farms","authors":"Chao Jiang, Jie Yang, Gang Xiao, Ning Xiao, Jie Hu, Yi Yang, Zhiliang Sun, Yujuan Li","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1444031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1444031","url":null,"abstract":"Tigecycline is a last-resort drug used to treat serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4) is a recently discovered plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene that confers high-level resistance to tigecycline and other tetracyclines. Since the first discovery of <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4) in 2019, it has spread rapidly worldwide, and as a consequence, tigecycline has become increasingly ineffective in the clinical treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. In this study, we identified and analyzed <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4)-positive <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> isolates from duck farms in Hunan Province, China. In total, 976 samples were collected from nine duck farms. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were performed to establish the phenotypes and genotypes of <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4)-positive isolates. In addition, the genomic characteristics and transferability of <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4) were determined based on bioinformatics analysis and conjugation. We accordingly detected an <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> strain harboring <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4) and seven other resistance genes in duck feces. Multi-locus sequence typing analysis revealed that this isolate belonged to a new clone, and subsequent genetic analysis indicated that <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4) was carried in a 4608-bp circular intermediate, flanked by IS<jats:italic>Vsa3</jats:italic>-ORF2-<jats:italic>abh</jats:italic> elements. Moreover, it exhibited transferability to <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> C600 with a frequency of 10<jats:sup>-5</jats:sup>. The detection of <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4)-harboring <jats:italic>E, coli</jats:italic> strains on duck farms enhances our understanding of tigecycline resistance dynamics. The transferable nature of the circular intermediate of <jats:italic>tet</jats:italic>(X4) contributing to the spread of tigecycline resistance genes poses a substantial threat to healthcare. Consequently, vigilant monitoring and proactive measures are necessary to prevent their spread.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-specific performance of human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA assay versus cytology for primary cervical cancer screening and triage: community-based screening in China","authors":"Jing Zhang, Guangcong Liu, Di Yang, Xiaoli Cui, Chunyan Wang, Danbo Wang, Haozhe Piao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1428071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1428071","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundIn the general population, primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is advocated for cervical cancer (CC) screening. HPV E6/E7 mRNA (Aptima HPV, AHPV) assays have garnered considerable traction due to their higher specificity when compared with HPV DNA assays. Here, we investigated age-specific primary AHPV screening assays and different triage strategies versus cytology to identify the best approach.MethodsBetween April 2018 and December 2021, we recruited female participants from 34 communities across Liaoning province and Qingdao City, China. Primary cervical screening protocols included liquid-based cytology (LBC) and AHPV assays, with females positive for any assays undergoing colposcopy. Genotyping (AHPV-GT) was conducted on all HPV-positive samples. Our primary outcomes were the identification of age-specific detection rates, colposcopy referral rates, and sensitivity and specificity values for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (HSIL+). AHPV and different triage strategy performances were also examined across different age cohorts.ResultsOur investigation included 9911 eligible females. Age-specific abnormal cytology rates were in the 6.1%–8.0% range, and were highest in 45–54-year olds. When compared with 35–44-or 45–54-year olds, HPV prevalence was highest in 55–64-year olds (12.2% or 11.6% vs.14.1%, P = 0.048 and P = 0.002, respectively). In 35–44-year olds, AHPV sensitivity for detecting HSIL+ was 96.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.7–100) - significantly higher than LBC sensitivity (65.5 [95% CI: 48.3–82.8], P &amp;lt; 0.001). When compared with LBC, HSIL+ detection rates by AHPV-GT using reflex LBC triage increased by 31.5% (9.6‰ vs. 7.3‰), and colposcopy referral rates decreased by 16.4% (5.1% vs. 6.1%). In 45–54-year olds, HSIL+ detection rates for AHPV-GT using reflex LBC triage were lower than LBC rates (6.2‰ vs. 6.6‰). In 55–64-year olds, AHPV sensitivity (97.2 [95% CI: 91.7–100.0]) was higher than LBC sensitivity (66.7 [95% CI: 50.0–80.6], P = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) value was not significantly different between AHPV-GT with reflex LBC triage and LBC (0.845 [95% CI: 0.771–0.920] vs. 0.812 [95% CI: 0.734–0.891], P = 0.236).ConclusionsPrimary AHPV screening using different triage strategies were different across different age cohorts. Thus, AHPV may be an appropriate primary screening method for 35–44 and 55–64 year old females, while AHPV-GT with reflex LBC triage may be more apt for 35–44 year old females.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delivery mode and maternal gestational diabetes are important factors in shaping the neonatal initial gut microbiota","authors":"Xuan Shi, Yanfang Liu, Teng Ma, Hao Jin, Feiyan Zhao, Zhihong Sun","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1397675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1397675","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe infant gut microbiome’s establishment is pivotal for health and immune development. Understanding it unveils insights into growth, development, and maternal microbial interactions. Research often emphasizes gut bacteria, neglecting the phageome.MethodsTo investigate the influence of geographic or maternal factors (mode of delivery, mode of breastfeeding, gestational diabetes mellitus) on the gut microbiota and phages of newborns, we collected fecal samples from 34 pairs of mothers and their infants within 24 hours of delivery from three regions (9 pairs from Enshi, 7 pairs from Hohhot, and 18 pairs from Hulunbuir) using sterile containers. Gut microbiota analysis by Shotgun sequencing was subsequently performed.ResultsOur results showed that geographic location affects maternal gut microbiology (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), while the effect on infant gut microbiology was not significant (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.184). Among the maternal factors, mode of delivery had a significant (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) effect on the newborn. Specific bacteria (e.g., <jats:italic>Bacteroides</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia</jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Phocaeicola vulgatus</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Veillonella</jats:italic> spp.), predicted active metabolites, and bacteriophage vOTUs varied with delivery mode. <jats:italic>Phocaeicola vulgatus</jats:italic> significantly correlated with some metabolites and bacteriophages in the early infant gut (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). In the GD group, a strong negative correlation of phage diversity between mother and infants was observed (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic> = -0.58, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.04).ConclusionIn conclusion, neonatal early gut microbiome (including bacteria and bacteriophages) colonization is profoundly affected by the mode of delivery, and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus. The key bacteria may interact with bacteriophages to influence the levels of specific metabolites. Our study provides new evidence for the study of the infant microbiome, fills a gap in the analysis of the infant gut microbiota regarding the virome, and emphasizes the importance of maternal health for the infant initial gut virome.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early prediction of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of imipenem and doxycycline using tabletop scanning electron microscopy","authors":"Omar Zmerli, Alma Hodzic, Sara Bellali, Eid Azar, Jacques Bou Khalil","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1431141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1431141","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionOur work aims at establishing a proof-of-concept for a method that allows the early prediction of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of antibiotics on bacteria using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as compared to traditional culture-based methods.MethodsWe tested these effects using Imipenem (bactericidal) and Doxycycline (bacteriostatic) with several strains of sensitive and resistant <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic>. We developed a SEM-based predictive score based on three main criteria: Bacterial Density, Morphology/Ultrastructure, and Viability. We determined the results for each of these criteria using SEM micrographs taken with the TM4000Plus II-Tabletop-SEM (Hitachi, Japan) following an optimized, rapid, and automated acquisition and analysis protocol. We compared our method with the traditional culture colony counting gold standard method and classic definitions of the two effects.ResultsOur method revealed total agreement with the CFU method and classic definition by visualizing the effect of the antibiotic at 60 minutes and 120 minutes using SEM.DiscussionThis early prediction allows a rapid and early identification of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects as compared to culture that would take a minimum of 18 hours. This has several future applications in the development of SEM-automated assays coupled to machine learning models that identify the antibiotic effect and facilitate determination of bacterial susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome of diseased and healthy implants—a comprehensive microbial data analysis","authors":"Pingyi Jia, Xinran Guo, Jinchen Ye, Hongye Lu, Jingwen Yang, Jianxia Hou","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1445751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1445751","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThe purpose of this systematic bioinformatics analysis was to describe the compositions and differences in submucosal microbial profiles of peri-implants’ diseases and healthy implant.Material and methodsPubMed, Embase, ETH Z, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched to screen relevant literature on the analysis of peri-implant microflora based on the sequencing analysis technique of 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of microorganisms from healthy implants, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis was downloaded from the screened articles. EasyAmplicon and Usearch global algorithm were used to match the reads from each dataset to a full length of 16S rRNA or ITS gene sequence. The microorganisms based on the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) were re-classified, and the microbial diversity, flora composition, and differential species of the samples were re-analyzed, including taxonomic classification and alpha and beta diversity calculations. The co-occurrence network was also re-analyzed.ResultsA total of seven articles with 240 implants were included. Among them, 51 were healthy implants (HI), 43 were in the peri-implant mucositis (PM) group, and 146 were in the peri-implantitis (PI) group. A total of 26,483 OTUs were obtained, and 877 microorganisms were annotated. The alpha diversity including Chao1 (healthy implants, 121.04 ± 92.76; peri-implant mucositis, 128.21 ± 66.77; peri-implantitis, 131.15 ± 84.69) and Shannon (healthy implants, 3.25 ± 0.65; peri-implant mucositis, 3.73 ± 0.61; peri-implantitis, 3.53 ± 0.67) of the samples from the three groups showed a significant difference. The beta diversity of the three samples was statistically different among groups. The genera of &lt;jats:italic&gt;Treponema&lt;/jats:italic&gt; and &lt;jats:italic&gt;Fretibacterium&lt;/jats:italic&gt; were significantly more abundant in the PI group than in the other two groups, and the genus of &lt;jats:italic&gt;Streptococcus&lt;/jats:italic&gt; was more abundant in the HI group. The relative abundance of &lt;jats:italic&gt;Porphyromonas&lt;/jats:italic&gt; in the peri-implantitis group was 6.1%. The results of the co-occurrence network showed differences in the network topology among the three groups of samples. The most connected three genera in the healthy implants were &lt;jats:italic&gt;Halomonas&lt;/jats:italic&gt;, &lt;jats:italic&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/jats:italic&gt;, and &lt;jats:italic&gt;Fretibacterium&lt;/jats:italic&gt;. The most connected three genera in peri-implant mucositis were &lt;jats:italic&gt;Alistipes&lt;/jats:italic&gt;, &lt;jats:italic&gt;Clostridia UCG-014&lt;/jats:italic&gt;, and &lt;jats:italic&gt;Candidatus Saccharimonas&lt;/jats:italic&gt;. The most connected three genera in the peri-implantitis group were &lt;jats:italic&gt;Lachnoanaerobaculum&lt;/jats:italic&gt;, &lt;jats:italic&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/jats:italic&gt;, and &lt;jats:italic&gt;Atopobium&lt;/jats:italic&gt;. The betweenness of &lt;jats:italic&gt;Porphvromonas gingivalis&lt;/jats:italic&gt; (red complex) in the PI group (7,900) was higher than in the HI group ","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes and risk factors of Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis in pediatric patients at a tertiary hospital in China","authors":"Zixuan Wang, Lijing Ye, Pan Fu, Xia Wu, Jun Xu, Yingzi Ye, Shuzhen Han, Chuanqing Wang, Hui Yu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1408959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1408959","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesTo summarize the clinical characteristics, outcomes and identify risk factors of <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</jats:italic> (AB) meningitis in children.MethodsThis was a single-center, retrospective study. Children hospitalized between January 2016 and December 2021 who were diagnosed with AB meningitis were included. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were reviewed. Risk factors were determined using univariate analyses (chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests).ResultsSeventeen patients were included; 15 cases were secondary to neurosurgery, and two were neonates with primary bacterial meningitis. Common symptoms included fever, convulsions and nervous system abnormalities. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests typically showed increased white blood cell counts dominated by neutrophils, reduced glucose levels and elevated protein levels. Ten patients were successfully treated (successful treatment [ST] group); seven had failed treatment (failed treatment [FT] group). Univariate analyses revealed that mechanical ventilation, routine white cell counts in the peripheral blood, procalcitonin, protein in the CSF, septic shock and carbapenem-resistant AB (CRAB) differed significantly between the groups.ConclusionAB meningitis in children has a high mortality rate. FT was associated with mechanical ventilation, septic shock, CRAB, lower peripheral leukocyte counts, higher protein levels in the CSF and procalcitonin. Larger studies are needed to identify independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of next-generation sequencing panel for personalized Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment targeting multiple species","authors":"Byung-Joo Min, Myung-Eui Seo, Jung Ho Bae, Ji Won Kim, Ju Han Kim","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1379790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1379790","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe decreasing <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori</jats:italic> eradication rate is primarily attributed to antibiotic resistance, and further exacerbated by uniform drug administration disregarding a host’s metabolic capability. Consequently, applying personalized treatment based on antibiotic resistance-associated variants and the host’s metabolic phenotype can potentially increase the eradication rate.MethodA custom next-generation sequencing panel for personalized <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> eradication treatment (NGS-PHET) was designed which targeted the regions for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, and levofloxacin-resistance in <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> and human proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) metabolism. The libraries were constructed following customized methods and sequenced simultaneously. The customized framework criteria, grounded in previously reported antibiotic resistance associated variants and the host’s PPI metabolism, was applied to the NGS-PHET results and suggested a personalized treatment for each subject, which was validated through each subject’s actual eradication outcome.ResultsBoth previously reported and novel variants were identified from <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> sequencing results. Concurrently, five <jats:italic>CYP2C19</jats:italic> homozygous extensive metabolizers and three <jats:italic>CYP3A4</jats:italic> intermediate metabolizers were identified. Among the total of 12 subjects, clarithromycin triple therapy was suggested for five subjects, bismuth quadruple therapy was suggested for six subjects, and rifabutin triple therapy was suggested for one subject by following the customized framework criteria. The treatment suggestion for nine of the 12 subjects was consistent with the treatment that each subject achieved eradication with.DiscussionApplying the methodology using the NGS-PHET and customized framework helps to perform eradication treatment quickly and effectively in most patients with antibiotic-resistant <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> strains, and is also useful in research to find novel antibiotic-resistance candidates.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic in vitro activity and mechanism of KBN lotion and miconazole nitrate against drug-resistant Candida albicans biofilms","authors":"Xiaoyu Cao, Ni Xiao, Jingyi Huang, Li Li, Lian Zhong, Jun Zhang, Fengyun Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1426791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1426791","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundIn the face of increasing antifungal resistance among <jats:italic>Candida albicans</jats:italic> biofilms, this study explores the efficacy of a combined treatment using Kangbainian lotion (KBN) and miconazole nitrate (MN) to address this challenge.MethodsUsing UPLC-Q-TOF/MS Analysis for Identification of Active Compounds in KBN Lotion; FICI for synergy evaluation, XTT and ROS assays for biofilm viability and oxidative stress, fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for structural and viability analysis, and real-time fluorescence for gene expression.ConclusionOur study indicates that the combined application of KBN and MN somewhat impacts the structural integrity of <jats:italic>Candida albicans</jats:italic> biofilms and affects the expression of several key genes involved in biofilm formation, including <jats:italic>ALS1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ALS3</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HWP1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HSP90</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>CSH1</jats:italic>. These preliminary findings suggest that there may be a synergistic effect between KBN and MN, potentially influencing not only the structural aspects of fungal biofilms but also involving the modulation of genetic pathways during their formation.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of two novel bacteriophages against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Abrar Senhaji-Kacha, Mireia Bernabéu-Gimeno, Pilar Domingo-Calap, John Jairo Aguilera-Correa, Mateo Seoane-Blanco, Sara Otaegi-Ugartemendia, Mark J. van Raaij, Jaime Esteban, Meritxell García-Quintanilla","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1421724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1421724","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a global health emergency and the need to explore alternative therapeutic options arises. Phage therapy uses bacteriophages to target specific bacterial strains. Phages are highly specific and can target resistant bacteria. Currently, research in this regard is focused on ensuring reliability and safety to bring this tool into clinical practice. The first step is to conduct comprehensive preclinical research. In this work, we present two novel bacteriophages vB_Kpn_F13 and vB_Kpn_F14 isolated against clinical carbapenem-resistant <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</jats:italic> strains obtained from hospital sewage. Multiple studies <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> were conducted, such as sequencing, electron microscopy, stability, host range infectivity, planktonic effect and biofilm inhibition in order to discover their ability to be used against carbapenem-resistant <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae</jats:italic> pathogens causing difficult-to-treat infections.","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}