Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of co-infections and immune responses on clinical severity of human adenovirus 3 and 7 infections in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections: a comparative study.","authors":"Xiaolin Ma, Yuting Wu, Ri De, Hailan Yao, Feng He, Yi Wang, Wei Wang, Chao Yan, Qinwei Song, Chunjie Guo, Li Wen, Linqing Zhao, Ling Cao, Chunmei Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1482787","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1482787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pathogenic distribution of co-infections and immunological status of patients infected with human adenovirus serotypes 3 or 7 (HAdV-3 or HAdV-7) were poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved a retrospective analysis of respiratory specimens collected from enrolled children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), positive for HAdV-3 or HAdV-7 from January 2017 to December 2019. Demographic data, clinical features, laboratory and radiographic findings were compared to delineate the impact of co-infections, and immune responses on clinical severity of HAdV-3 or HAdV-7 infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1311cases enrolled, there were 66 infected with HAdV-3 and 58 with HAdV-7. HAdV-7-infected patients exhibited more prolonged fever (100% vs 89.4%, <i>p</i>=0.014), pneumonia (100% vs 89.4%, <i>p</i>=0.014), hypoxia (34.5% vs 12.1%, <i>p</i>=0.003), higher propensity for aspartate aminotransferase exceeding 80U/L (21.1% vs 4.7%, <i>p</i>=0.006), D-Dimer exceeding 1.65mg/L (64.9% vs 12.5%, <i>p</i><0.001), consolidation (50.0% vs 27.4%, <i>p</i>=0.011), and pleural effusion (32.8% vs 6.5%, p<0.001), co-infections with <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (77.1% vs 32.6%, <i>p</i><0.001), and multiple infections (56.8% vs 41.3%, <i>p</i>=0.007), compared to those with HAdV-3 infections. Immune cell analysis indicated that HAdV-7 infections led to a more pronounced decrease in CD3+ T cells (1596.8 vs 2444.8 cells/𝛍l, p=0.042), CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (668.6 vs 774.0 cells/µl, <i>p</i>=0.045), and increased NK cell percentages (11.5% vs 9.0%, <i>p</i>=0.044) compared to HAdV-3 infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hospitalized children with HAdV-7-associated LRTIs exhibit greater severity, multiple infections, and significant potential for greater cellular immune dysregulation compared to those with HAdV-3 infection, indicating a more severe clinical course and distinct pathogenic profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1482787"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Fighting antimicrobial resistance in developing countries: innovative approaches and challenges.","authors":"Tugce Katipoglu-Yazan, Ilke Pala-Ozkok, Si-Kyung Cho, Cansu Uluseker","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1542233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1542233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1542233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the microbiome-gut-testis axis in testicular germ cell tumors.","authors":"Sona Ciernikova, Aneta Sevcikova, Michal Mego","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1529871","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1529871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microbiome-gut-testis axis has emerged as a significant area of interest in understanding testicular cancer, particularly testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), which represent the most common malignancy in young men. The interplay between the gut and testicular microbiomes is hypothesized to influence tumorigenesis and reproductive health, underscoring the complex role of microbial ecosystems in disease pathology. The microbiome-gut-testis axis encompasses complex interactions between the gut microbiome, systemic immune modulation, and the local microenvironment of the testis. Dysbiosis in the gut or testicular microbiomes may contribute to altered immune responses, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances, potentially playing a role in the pathogenesis of TGCTs. Concurrently, seminal microbiomes have been linked to variations in sperm quality, fertility potential, and possibly cancer susceptibility, underscoring the need for further evaluation. This review explores the emerging role of the microbiome-gut-testis axis in the context of testicular cancer, highlighting its implications for disease onset, progression, treatment efficacy, and toxicity. Identifying potential microbial biomarkers, followed by microbiota modulation to restore a balanced microbial community, might offer a novel supportive strategy for improving treatment efficacy in refractory TGCT patients while reducing chemotherapy-induced toxicity. We suggest a better understanding of the association between dysregulated microbial environments and TGCTs emphasizes potential pathways by which the gut microbiome might influence testicular cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1529871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable machine learning-based prediction of 28-day mortality in ICU patients with sepsis: a multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Li Shen, Jiaqiang Wu, Jianger Lan, Chao Chen, Yi Wang, Zhiping Li","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1500326","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1500326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis is a major cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) and continues to pose a significant global health challenge, with sepsis-related deaths contributing substantially to the overall burden on healthcare systems worldwide. The primary objective was to construct and evaluate a machine learning (ML) model for forecasting 28-day all-cause mortality among ICU sepsis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for the study was sourced from the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) (version 2.0). The main outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality. Predictor selection for the final model was conducted using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and the Boruta feature selection algorithm. Five machine learning algorithms including logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), support vector machine (SVM), and light gradient boosting machine (lightGBM) were employed to construct models using 10-fold cross-validation. Model performance was evaluated using AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall, and F1 score. Additionally, we performed an interpretability analysis on the model that showed the most stable performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final study cohort comprised 4564 patients, among whom 568 (12.4%) died within 28 days of ICU admission. The XGBoost algorithm demonstrated the most reliable performance, achieving an AUC of 0.821, balancing sensitivity (0.703) and specificity (0.798). The top three risk predictors of mortality included APACHE score, serum lactate levels, and AST.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ML models reliably predicted 28-day mortality in critically ill sepsis patients. Of the models evaluated, the XGBoost algorithm exhibited the most stable performance in identifying patients at elevated mortality risk. Model interpretability analysis identified crucial predictors, potentially informing clinical decisions for sepsis patients in the ICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1500326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of coagulation proteins upon ICU admission and after one year of recovery from COVID-19: a preliminary study.","authors":"Raquel Behar-Lagares, Ana Virseda-Berdices, Óscar Martínez-González, Rafael Blancas, Marcela Homez-Guzmán, Eva Manteiga, Juan Churruca-Sarasqueta, Madian Manso-Álvarez, Ángela Algaba, Salvador Resino, Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez, María A Jiménez-Sousa","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1489936","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1489936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association of baseline coagulation proteins with hospitalization variables in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU, as well as coagulation system changes after one-year post-discharge, taking into account gender-specific bias in the coagulation profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective longitudinal study on 49 ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. Proteins were measured using a Luminex 200™. The association between coagulation protein levels and hospitalization variables was carried out by generalized linear models adjusted by the most relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At ICU admission, lower factor XII, antithrombin, and protein C levels were linked to the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or its duration (p=0.028; p=0.047 and p=0.015, respectively). Likewise, lower factor XII, antithrombin, and prothrombin levels were associated with longer ICU length of stay (ICU LOS) (p=0.045; p=0.022; p=0.036, respectively). From baseline to the end of the follow-up, factor XII, antithrombin, prothrombin, and protein C levels notably increased in patients with longer ICU LOS. One-year post-discharge, differences were found for factor IX, aPTT, and INR. Gender-stratified analysis showed sustained alterations in males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Depleted specific coagulation factors on ICU admission are associated with increased severity in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Most coagulation alterations recover one-year post-discharge, except for factor IX, aPTT and INR, which remain reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1489936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes derived from syncytia induced by SARS-2-S promote the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.","authors":"Huilong Li, Haotian Lin, Tinghui Fan, Linfei Huang, Li Zhou, Xiaoyu Tian, Ruzhou Zhao, Yanhong Zhang, Xiaopan Yang, Luming Wan, Hui Zhong, Nan Jiang, Congwen Wei, Wei Chen, Lihua Hou","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1415356","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1415356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough, dyspnea, mild pneumonia and acute lung injury (ALI), which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and SARS-CoV-2 can accelerate tumor progression. However, the molecular mechanism for the increased mortality in cancer patients infected with COVID-19 is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Colony formation and wound healing assays were performed on Huh-7 cells cocultured with syncytia. Exosomes were purified from the cell supernatant and verified by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Western blot (WB) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differentially expressed proteins in syncytia-derived exosomes (Syn-Exos) and their functions was analyzed by Proteomic sequencing. Syn-Exo-mediated promotion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells was measured by CCK-8 and Transwell migration assays. The mechanism by which Syn-Exos promote tumor growth was analyzed by Western blotting. A patient-derived xenotransplantation (PDX) mouse model was constructed to evaluate the pathological role of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SARS-2-S). The number of syncytia in the tumor tissue sections was determined by immunofluorescence analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Syncytium formation promoted the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Proteomic sequencing revealed that proteins that regulate cell proliferation and metastasis in Syn-Exos were significantly upregulated. Syn-Exos promote the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Animal experiments showed that a pseudotyped lentivirus bearing SARS-2-S (SARS-2-Spp) promoted tumor development in PDX mice. More syncytia were found in tumor tissue from SARS-2-Spp mice than from VSV-Gpp mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Syn-Exos induced by SARS-2-S can promote the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1415356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Ectophoma salviniae</i> sp. nov., <i>Neottiosporina mihintaleensis</i> sp. nov. and four other endophytes associated with aquatic plants from Sri Lanka and their extracellular enzymatic potential.","authors":"Madhara K Wimalasena, Nalin N Wijayawardene, Thushara C Bamunuarachchige, Gui-Qing Zhang, R G Udeni Jayalal, Darbhe J Bhat, Turki M Dawoud, Heethaka K S de Zoysa, Dong-Qin Dai","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1475114","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1475114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic fungi associated with selected aquatic plants, <i>Eichhornia crassipes, Nymphaea nouchali, Salvinia minima</i> and <i>S. molesta</i> were evaluated. <i>Ectophoma salviniae</i> sp. nov. and <i>Neottiosporina mihintaleensis</i> sp. nov. are introduced as novel taxa from <i>Salvinia</i> spp. from Sri Lanka. <i>Chaetomella raphigera</i> is reported as a new geographical record, <i>Colletotrichum siamense</i> and <i>C. truncatum</i> are reported as novel host records in aquatic plants, while <i>Phyllosticta capitalensis</i> has been identified on the same host (<i>Nymphaea nouchali</i>) in the North-Central Province of Sri Lanka. Identification of the fungi was based on morphological characteristics and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, SSU, <i>ACT</i>, <i>CHS-</i>1, <i>GAPDH</i>, <i>tub</i>2, <i>rpb</i>2, and <i>tef</i>1-α molecular markers. The identified fungi were analysed for extracellular enzymatic properties. According to the qualitative analysis, <i>Ectophoma salviniae</i> sp. nov. exhibited the highest amylase production, <i>Chaetomella raphigera</i> exhibited the highest cellulase enzyme production, and <i>Neottiosporina mihintaleensis</i> sp. nov. exhibited the highest laccase production. The results demonstrate the aquatic fungal diversity in this region and their extracellular enzymatic potentials, providing valuable insights for future biotechnological approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1475114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with the vitamin D pathway related to clinical and therapeutic outcomes of American tegumentary leishmaniasis.","authors":"Iara Barreto Neves Oliveira, Ramon Vieira Nunes, Vanessa Rafaela Milhomem Cruz Leite, Camila Freire Araújo, Murilo Barros Silveira, Sebastião Alves Pinto, Lorena Andrade Lamounier, Clayton Luiz Borges, Edésio Martins, Iane de Oliveira Pires Porto, Rodrigo Saar Gomes, Fátima Ribeiro-Dias","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1487255","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1487255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The vitamin D pathway contributes to the microbicidal activity of macrophages against <i>Leishmania</i> infection. In addition to induction of this pathway, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)-15, and IL32γ are part of a network of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the components of the vitamin D pathway and associated cytokine genes that could be related to resistance or susceptibility to American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expressions of <i>IFNG</i>, <i>IL15</i>, <i>IL32</i>, <i>CYP27B1</i>, <i>VDR</i>, and other pro-inflammatory cytokines <i>TNF</i>, <i>IL6</i>, and <i>IL17</i> genes were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in lesions of patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) or mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). SNP genotypes/alleles (in <i>IL15</i>, <i>IL32</i>, <i>CYP27B1</i>, and <i>VDR</i>) were evaluated by TaqMan PCR assays using DNA from the blood of patients and healthy individuals. Serum vitamin D levels were determined by chemiluminescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D pathway-associated genes were expressed in cutaneous as well as mucosal lesions. <i>IFNG</i>, <i>IL6</i>, and <i>IL17</i> were more highly expressed in ML than in LCL. In contrast, <i>IL32γ/CYP27B1/VDR</i> mRNAs were mainly correlated in LCL, and <i>IL32γ</i> in ML makes strong connections with all cytokines. The SNP <i>IL32</i> rs1555001 was less frequent in patients with ML. In addition, some SNPs appear to influence the <i>VDR</i> and <i>CYP27B1</i> (<i>IL15</i> rs10519613 and <i>IL15</i> rs3775597) and <i>IL6</i> (<i>VDR</i> rs7975232) expressions in LCL and the <i>IL17</i> expression in ML (<i>IL15</i> rs3775597). Gene expression was also correlated with clinical parameters, such as number of lesions (<i>CYP27B1</i> mRNA) and treatment failure (<i>VDR</i> mRNA). In addition, one SNP was associated with treatment failure in ML (<i>VDR</i> rs7975232).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that some SNPs in the vitamin D pathway-associated genes can be related to resistance and therapeutic outcomes of ATL. They are promising candidates that need to be further evaluated to understand their biological effects in the control or immunopathogenesis of ATL.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1487255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of post-stroke infections: a case series study using multiple sample types.","authors":"Xiaopu Chen, Yong Liang, Wei Yang, Wenzhen He, Zhiqiang Xing, Shunxian Li, Shaoyu Cai, Jiping Fu, Xiaotang Peng, Manli Chen, Jiaming Wu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1386377","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1386377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing (mNGS) represents a powerful tool for detecting nucleic acids from various pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites, in clinical samples. Despite its extensively employed in the pathogen diagnosis for various infectious diseases, its application in diagnosing stroke-related infection, and its potential impact on clinical decision-making, anti-infection treatment, clinical intervention, and patient prognosis remain insufficiently explored. Additionally, while mNGS offers promising potential, it facts limitations related to sensitivity, specificity, cost, and standardization, which could influence its integration into routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 18 stroke patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University from January to February 2023, comparing culture-based methods with mNGS detection, and assessing its significance in etiological diagnosis. Additionally, we evaluated the performance differences among various sequencing platforms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 18 stroke patients enrolled, pulmonary infections were identified in 7 cases, urinary tract infections in 1 case, central nervous system infections in 10 cases, and combined pulmonary and central nervous system infections in 2 cases, with 2 cases yielding negative results. mNGS detected pathogens in 13 cases, aligning with clinical diagnoses (75% concordance), whereas culture-based methods yielded positive results in only 6 cases (22% concordance). Importantly, for 9 of the 18 patients, adjustments to anti-infective treatment regimens based on mNGS results led to improved symptomatic relief and infection control. This suggests that mNGS can contribute to more timely and precise treatment modifications, particularly for infections with low pathogen loads, potentially enhancing clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlights the utility of mNGS in diagnosing stroke-associated infections by providing a more comprehensive etiological diagnosis compared to traditional method. While mNGS shows promise in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding clinical treatment, it high cost and technical challenges need addressing before widespread clinical adoption. Future research should focus on optimizing mNGS protocols, integration it with convertional diagnostic tools, and evaluating its cost-effectiveness and clinical impact through larger, multicentric studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1386377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising prevalence and drug resistance of <i>Corynebacterium striatum</i> in lower respiratory tract infections.","authors":"Wei Li, Mingyue Gao, Jinyan Yu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1526312","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1526312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Corynebacterium striatum</i> (<i>C. striatum</i>) is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly colonizing the skin and mucosa in healthy individuals and hospitalized patients. Traditionally regarded as a contaminant, <i>C. striatum</i> is now increasingly recognized as a potential cause of clinical infections, especially after the coronavirus disease pandemic. It has emerged as a pathogen implicated in severe infections, including pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, artificial joint infections, abdominal infections, and endocarditis. <i>C. striatum</i> has been reported in lower respiratory tract infections, mostly as a conditioned pathogen in immunocompromised individuals, particularly in those with chronic structural lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, leading to severe pneumonia or exacerbation of the existing disease and high mortality. Additionally, <i>C striatum</i> has been implicated in the community-acquired pneumonia among immunocompetent individuals and nosocomial lung infections, with evidence of person-to-person transmission through caregivers. <i>C. striatum</i> may exhibit multidrug resistance. Vancomycin, alone or in combination, is currently considered the most effective treatment for <i>C. striatum</i>. This review highlights the epidemiological characteristics, drug resistance mechanisms, diagnostics approaches, and treatment options for <i>C. striatum</i> lower respiratory tract infections to enhance clinician awareness and improve patient management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1526312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}