Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Schmallenberg virus epidemiology and regional control strategies: diagnostics, vaccines, and vector management.","authors":"Jing Wang, Qi Jia, Haoyu Xiang, Fang Wang, Chao Sun, Jitao Chang, Zhigang Jiang, Xin Yin","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1633030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1633030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is an emerging orthobunyavirus transmitted by <i>Culicoides</i> midges. It poses a serious global health threat to ruminants, especially during pregnancy, causing abortion, stillbirths, and congenital malformations. Since its first outbreak in 2011, SBV has spread across Europe and other regions. Its transmission has expanded due to global climate change and increased animal trade, resulting in recurrent outbreaks in endemic regions and a growing risk of introduction into non-endemic areas. This situation highlights the urgent need for improved control strategies. This review summarizes the pathogenic and epidemiological characteristics of SBV and provides an overview of recent advancements in diagnostic approaches, vaccine development, and vector control. Diagnostic approaches, such as serological assays and nucleic acid-based tests, have become the primary tools for SBV detection. However, their applicability in clinical settings still requires further optimization. In terms of vaccine development, existing inactivated vaccines have limitations, including the inability to distinguish between vaccinated and infected animals. This has driven the development of next-generation vaccines, such as recombinant protein, viral vector, and mRNA-based platforms. For vector control, integrated approaches combining chemical, ecological, and biological strategies have been proposed to interrupt the transmission of the virus by <i>Culicoides</i> midges. Additionally, this review emphasizes the necessity of region-specific control strategies tailored to the differing epidemiological contexts. In endemic regions, comprehensive measures, including pathogen surveillance, vaccination programs, and <i>Culicoides</i> control, are critical. In non-endemic regions, the focus should be on enhancing border biosecurity, monitoring international trade, and establishing early warning systems. These strategies not only provide a scientific foundation for SBV control but also offer practical guidance for managing the spread of similar vector-borne viruses globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1633030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological, clinical, and molecular analysis of human adenovirus infections in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Tianjin, China.","authors":"Yulian Fang, Min Lei, Lu Zhang, Mengzhu Hou, Ning Wang, Chunquan Cai","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1600990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1600990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a significant pathogen for acute respiratory infections(ARIs) in children. However, its epidemiological patterns, serotype distribution changes, and molecular mechanisms associated with severe pneumonia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic require further elucidation through large-scale and molecular typing studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a retrospective cohort design to analyze 28060 respiratory specimens from Tianjin Children's Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024. HAdV detection and typing were performed through targeted high-throughput sequencing and PCR-based amplification of Penton, Hexon, and Fiber genes for phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, clinical data were compared to assess differences in clinical presentations among pediatric patients infected with different HAdV types.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall HAdV detection rate was 8.9% (2,484/28,060), with significant male predominance (9.2% <i>vs</i>. 8.4%, <i>P</i> = 0.019) and age-specific susceptibility peaking in school-aged children (10.4%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Seasonal patterns demonstrated winter predominance (15.9%), contrasting with other seasons (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Genotyping of 1,914 positive specimens demonstrated HAdV-3 dominance (53.4%, 1,022), followed by HAdV-7 (17.7%, 338), HAdV-2 (8.4%, 160), HAdV-1 (7.9%, 152), and HAdV-21 (6.4%, 122). The diagnosis mainly included pneumonia, bronchitis, adenopharyngitis, and upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). Genotype-clinical correlations showed distinct patterns: HAdV-3 (55.6%) and HAdV-7 (20.9%) predominated in pneumonia cases, with HAdV-7 linked to severe pneumonia (<i>P</i><0.001). HAdV-3 (40.6%) and HAdV-2 (16.7%) were more common in adenopharyngitis, while HAdV-3 and HAdV-21 were more common in bronchitis (51.2% and 11.1%) and URTIs (31.9% and 19.1%). Molecular characterization revealed structural conservation in the Penton protein of HAdV-C and identified Hexon as the most polymorphic region with 85 variable sites, indicating divergent evolutionary pressures across viral domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAdV-3, HAdV-7, HAdV-2, and HAdV-1 were the predominant HAdV types in children hospitalized with ARIs in Tianjin. Moreover, not only the epidemiological characteristics of different HAdV types vary, but there are also certain differences in the clinical symptoms and outcomes of children infected with different types of HAdV. Therefore, it is essential to differentiate HAdV types for epidemiological surveillance and clinical management purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1600990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities of biogenic zinc nanoparticles against pathogenic microorganisms.","authors":"Eliana Daniela Lopez Venditti, Karina Fernanda Crespo Andrada, Pamela Soledad Bustos, Manuela Maldonado Torales, Iván Manrrique Hughes, María Gabriela Paraje, Natalia Guiñazú","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1545119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1545119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The increasing resistance to antimicrobial drugs has prompted global efforts to combat pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The World Health Organization's recent report underscores the urgent need for innovative antimicrobial strategies to address infections caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, and <i>Candida tropicalis</i>. This study presents a comparative evaluation of the effects of biogenically synthesized zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) from <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, highlighting their effectiveness against both planktonic and sessile forms of these tested pathogens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antimicrobial effects were assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, broth microdilution, and time-kill assays. Biofilm formation and eradication were evaluated through crystal violet staining, resazurin assays, and colony-forming unit quantification. Additionally, the oxidative and nitrosative stress toxicity mechanisms triggered by ZnNPs, particularly those related to cellular stress, were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that ZnNPs exhibit concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. ZnNPs inhibit biofilm formation by up to 50% in <i>E. coli</i> and yeast species, and up to 80% in <i>S. aureus</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These antibiofilm activities were attributed to disruptions in cellular stress metabolism, primarily driven by nitrosative stress through enhanced production of reactive nitrogen intermediates. ZnNPs synthesized through green methods offer significant advantages due to their biocompatibility and potential biomedical applications. These findings advance our understanding of ZnNPs in combating biofilm-associated infections, offering promising strategies to address pathogenic bacteria and fungi, which pose a critical threat to global health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1545119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenic characterization of <i>Phialophora submersa</i>, a new black yeast isolated from freshwater sediments in Spain.","authors":"Ana Fernández-Bravo, Laura Camuña-Pardo, Marta Sanchis, Youssef Ahmiane, Javier Capilla, Josepa Gené","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1620047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1620047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Phialophora submersa</i> is a recently described black yeast species (<i>Chaetothyriales</i>), isolated from freshwater sediments in Catalonia (Spain). It is closely related to <i>P. americana</i> and <i>P. verrucosa</i>, two opportunistic pathogens known to cause subcutaneous infections in humans and animals. This study investigates the pathogenic potential of <i>P. submersa</i>, its <i>in vitro</i> susceptibility to clinically relevant antifungal agents, and its response to various cellular stressors. Using a murine macrophage (J774A.1) infection model, we evaluated phagocytosis, intracellular survival, cell damage, and the expression of six immune-related genes (<i>TNF-α</i>, <i>CCL20</i>, <i>RELA</i>, <i>TP53</i>, <i>NLRP3</i>, <i>IL-1β</i>), in comparison with <i>P. americana</i> and <i>P. verrucosa</i>. The results showed that <i>P. submersa</i> induced higher phagocytosis rates in murine macrophages than the <i>P. verrucosa</i>, although lower than <i>P. americana</i>. Cell damage, intracellular survival, and expression of the immune-related genes were higher after macrophage infection with <i>P. verrucosa</i> than with <i>P. submersa</i> and <i>P. americana</i>, which exhibited comparable profiles. All three species displayed similar antifungal susceptibility profiles, being susceptible to most azoles (except fluconazole), terbinafine, and echinocandins (with reduced efficacy against <i>P. verrucosa</i>), but showed moderate resistance to flucytosine, amphotericin B, and olorofim. The resistance of <i>P. submersa</i> to stress was strain-dependent, with only one strain exhibiting notable resistance to multiple stressors. This research provides new insights into the biology of <i>P. submersa</i>, including its potential as a human pathogen, and the molecular factors that could drive an infection process.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1620047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory analysis of potential association between oral <i>Haemophilus</i> and sleep disturbances in major depressive disorder patients.","authors":"Yachen Shi, En Zhao, Weigang Gong, Qianqian Gao, Yang Li, Guangjun Xi, Yan Han, Hui Weng, Feng Wang, Feng Geng, Gaojia Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1617553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1617553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current study aimed to explore the specific oral microbiota profiles in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with sleep disturbances, and to evaluate the potential mechanisms by which oral microbiota may be implicated in MDD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty-eight MDD patients experiencing sleep disturbances and thirty healthy controls (HCs) were included. All MDD patients underwent a 14-day antidepressive treatment regimen. Neuropsychological assessments were conducted, and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to determine the abundance of oral bacteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral genera <i>Solobacterium</i>, <i>Granulicatella</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Haemophilus</i> showed significant changes in their relative abundances between the MDD and HC groups. Significant correlations were found between the abundance of <i>Haemophilus</i> and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) scores in MDD patients with sleep disturbances. In MDD patients, lower relative abundances of oral <i>Haemophilus</i> prior to treatment were negatively correlated with the changed rates of PSQI and HAMD-24 scores after antidepressive treatment. The glial fibrillary acidic protein as the mediator, affected the relationship between the relative abundance of oral <i>Haemophilus</i> and sleep disturbances in MDD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral <i>Haemophilus</i> dysbiosis may drive sleep disturbances in MDD patients, possibly through its impact on neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1617553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global proteome of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> EF3030 under nutrient-defined <i>in vitro</i> conditions.","authors":"Supradipta De, Larissa M Busch, Gerhard Burchhardt, Manuela Gesell Salazar, Rabea Schlüter, Leif Steil, Uwe Völker, Sven Hammerschmidt","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1606161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1606161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> is a human pathobiont that asymptomatically colonizes the upper respiratory tract but can cause severe diseases such as pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis, as well as non-invasive infections like otitis media and sinusitis. It thrives in the nutrient-limited environment of the nasopharynx and has evolved mechanisms to manage host-induced stress and regulate protein levels accordingly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate the molecular biology of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> under in vitro and infection-relevant conditions, a suitable cultivation medium is essential for reproducible experiments. We, therefore optimized a chemically defined minimal medium that mimics the nutrient-limited conditions of the human nasopharynx. This medium was used to cultivate clinical isolates and other streptococcal species for proteomic analysis.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The optimized medium enhanced growth and shortened the lag phase of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> and related species. Using this medium, we analyzed the global proteome of the pneumococcal colonizing strain EF3030 during its transition from early to late logarithmic growth phase. Distinct changes in protein abundance were observed in functional categories such as metabolism, amino acid synthesis, natural competence, RNA and cell wall synthesis, protein degradation, and stress responses. Notably, proteins involved in DNA uptake and processing-such as choline-binding protein CbpD, competence factors ComGA and ComEA, and ssDNA-binding proteins Dpr and DprA-were more abundant in the late log phase.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings highlight dynamic proteomic changes associated with pneumococcal adaptation to nutrient-limited conditions and provide insights into the biology of strain EF3030 during colonization. The optimized medium offers a reproducible platform for studying pneumococcal physiology and pathogenesis under defined conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1606161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replication differences of SARS-CoV-2 lineages may arise from unique RNA replication characteristics and nucleocapsid protein expression.","authors":"Isadora Alonso Corrêa, Marcos Romário Matos de Souza, Gustavo Peixoto Duarte da Silva, Anna Beatriz Sampaio Vianna Macedo Pimentel, Pedro Telles Calil, Marcela Sabino Cunha, Diana Mariani, Rodrigo de Moraes Brindeiro, Sara Mesquita Costa, Maria Clara da Costa Simas, Victor Akira Ota, Elisa Cavalcante Pereira, Marilda Mendonça Siqueira, Paola Cristina Resende, Rafael Mello Galliez, Debora Souza Faffe, Rosane Silva, Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto Castiñeiras, Amilcar Tanuri, Luciana Jesus da Costa","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1582137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1582137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by the sequential introduction and circulation of distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants, which presented differences in transmission capacity and pathogenicity. However, the relationship between these differences and the replicative capacity of these variants remains to be determined. Our research aimed to compare the biological traits of the SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.33, and variants Zeta (P.2), Gamma (P.1/P.1.*), Delta (B.1.617.2/AY.*), and Omicron (BA.1).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed three different cellular models susceptible to viral infection to demonstrated the differences in virus binding, entry and total RNA production through RT-qPCR assay and viral infectious progeny by plaque assay. The RNA replication was evaluated by dsRNA immunofluorescence and the viral protein production by western blotting analysis. NGS and RT-qPCR analysis were also used in competition experiments to verify the viral variants dynamic in cell culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the differences in viral replication varied according to the cell type, with Omicron BA.1 exhibiting the lowest replication capacity in human pulmonary cells. Additionally, we demonstrated the occurrence of nucleocapsid proteoforms generated during infection and differences in size and number of sites of viral RNA replication for each virus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggest that factors beyond the initial stages of virus entry influence the efficiency of viral replication among different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, our study underscores the significance of RNA replication and the role of nucleocapsid proteins in shaping the replicative characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1582137"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune and hematologicak responses to the third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: a six-month longitudinal study.","authors":"Waleed M Bawazir, Ahmad Al Ibad, Muneeba Mohsin, Hanouf A Niyazi, Turki A Alamri, Mohammed A Bazuhair, Mohannad Hazzazi, Noura A Chehab, Steve Harakeh, Yasar Mehmood Yousafzai","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1615227","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1615227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deployment of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is a major landmark in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the activation of adaptive immunity and its longevity after a booster dose warrant further investigation. Moreover, the interplay between inflammation and immune thrombosis after transfection needs further insights that could help examine the vaccine's potential for adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). This study investigates the biochemical and hematological responses to the third dose of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in 68 healthy participants who had previously received two doses of the vaccine. Blood samples were collected at baseline (before vaccine dose; D0), 48 hours post-vaccination (D2), and then at days 30, 60, 120, and 180 (D30, D60, D120, D180). The study focused on analyzing changes in anti-SARS-COV-2 immunoglobulins (IgG and IgA), inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IFN-γ, CRP, hs-CRP), coagulation factors (PT, APTT, D-dimers), and blood cell counts (neutrophils, leukocytes, platelets) at D2 post-vaccination, and IgG and IgA at days 2, 30, 60, 120, and 180 post-vaccination. In this study, no clinical AEFIs were observed in any of the recipients. Slight changes were observed in the levels of inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers, and blood cells. Levels of CRP and hs-CRP increased slightly but significantly, d-dimers were raised, and PT and aPTT were prolonged significantly. A small but significant decrease was observed in IFN-γ and mean lymphocyte counts, whereas no change was observed in the levels of IL-6, neutrophils, and platelet count at D2. Levels of IgG and IgA showed sustained increase over the six-month period. These results collectively demonstrate that the third dose of the mRNA vaccine elicits a rapid and sustained immune response characterized by increased IgG and IgA levels. The changes observed in inflammatory markers and coagulation factors after vaccination observed shortly after vaccination require further investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1615227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: A novel small RNA regulates locus of enterocyte effacement and site-specific colonization of enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 in gut.","authors":"Runhua Han, Ye Qian, Chenguang Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1642032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1642032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1517328.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1642032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and antimicrobial activity of a novel lytic phage vB_SmaS_QH16 against <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>: <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>, and biofilm studies.","authors":"Peng Cheng, Zian Li, Lanmin Liu, Ruizhe Li, Jianwu Zhou, Xiaoqin Luo, Xiaoming Mu, Jingwei Sun, Jideng Ma, Xiangren A","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1610857","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1610857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>, an important opportunistic pathogen resistant to multiple antibiotics, necessitates alternative therapies. Phages, with their high specificity and bacteriolytic ability, are emerging as promising antibiotic alternatives. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel lytic phage targeting <i>S. maltophilia</i> and to evaluate its antibacterial potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A novel lytic phage, vB_SmaS_QH16, was isolated from hospital sewage using <i>S. maltophilia</i> no.981 as the host. Phage morphology was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and genome sequencing and annotation were performed. Host range, efficiency of lysis (EOP), optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI), one-step growth curves, and physicochemical stability were also determined. Biofilm inhibition and eradication were assessed using crystal violet staining, MTT assays, and acridine orange fluorescence microscopy. Using <i>Galleria mellonella</i> and mouse infection models, the <i>in vivo</i> anti-infective effects of phages were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phage vB_SmaS_QH16, a member of the class Caudoviricetes, has a 43,500 bp genome with 64 open reading frames (ORFs) and no virulence, antibiotic resistance, or lysogeny-related genes. It exhibits a broad host range, lysing 47.95% (35/73) of tested <i>S. maltophilia</i> strains. The optimal MOI was 0.01, with an average burst size of 37.69 PFU/cell. The phage is stable at 4-50 °C and pH 3.0-11.0 but is highly sensitive to UV light. It effectively inhibits biofilm formation and eradicates mature biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. <i>In vitro</i>, the phage significantly suppresses bacterial growth, though resistant mutants emerge over time. <i>In vivo</i>, vB_SmaS_QH16 increases the survival rates of larvae and mice, with a higher MOI offering better protection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phage vB_SmaS_QH16 shows therapeutic potential against <i>S. maltophilia</i> infections, characterized by a broad host range, efficient lytic capability, and biofilm-disrupting activity. Its stability and safety further support its clinical application potential. Future research should explore its biofilm disruption mechanisms and monitor resistance development. Additionally, since its efficacy has been validated in mammalian models, further studies can focus on advancing its clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1610857"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}