Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Correction: A novel small RNA regulates locus of enterocyte effacement and site-specific colonization of enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 in gut.","authors":"Runhua Han, Ye Qian, Chenguang Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1642032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1642032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1517328.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1642032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and antimicrobial activity of a novel lytic phage vB_SmaS_QH16 against <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>: <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>, and biofilm studies.","authors":"Peng Cheng, Zian Li, Lanmin Liu, Ruizhe Li, Jianwu Zhou, Xiaoqin Luo, Xiaoming Mu, Jingwei Sun, Jideng Ma, Xiangren A","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1610857","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1610857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>, an important opportunistic pathogen resistant to multiple antibiotics, necessitates alternative therapies. Phages, with their high specificity and bacteriolytic ability, are emerging as promising antibiotic alternatives. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel lytic phage targeting <i>S. maltophilia</i> and to evaluate its antibacterial potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A novel lytic phage, vB_SmaS_QH16, was isolated from hospital sewage using <i>S. maltophilia</i> no.981 as the host. Phage morphology was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and genome sequencing and annotation were performed. Host range, efficiency of lysis (EOP), optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI), one-step growth curves, and physicochemical stability were also determined. Biofilm inhibition and eradication were assessed using crystal violet staining, MTT assays, and acridine orange fluorescence microscopy. Using <i>Galleria mellonella</i> and mouse infection models, the <i>in vivo</i> anti-infective effects of phages were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phage vB_SmaS_QH16, a member of the class Caudoviricetes, has a 43,500 bp genome with 64 open reading frames (ORFs) and no virulence, antibiotic resistance, or lysogeny-related genes. It exhibits a broad host range, lysing 47.95% (35/73) of tested <i>S. maltophilia</i> strains. The optimal MOI was 0.01, with an average burst size of 37.69 PFU/cell. The phage is stable at 4-50 °C and pH 3.0-11.0 but is highly sensitive to UV light. It effectively inhibits biofilm formation and eradicates mature biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. <i>In vitro</i>, the phage significantly suppresses bacterial growth, though resistant mutants emerge over time. <i>In vivo</i>, vB_SmaS_QH16 increases the survival rates of larvae and mice, with a higher MOI offering better protection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phage vB_SmaS_QH16 shows therapeutic potential against <i>S. maltophilia</i> infections, characterized by a broad host range, efficient lytic capability, and biofilm-disrupting activity. Its stability and safety further support its clinical application potential. Future research should explore its biofilm disruption mechanisms and monitor resistance development. Additionally, since its efficacy has been validated in mammalian models, further studies can focus on advancing its clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1610857"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Zika virus and dengue virus infections in migrants in Italy.","authors":"Federica Frasca, Francesco Eugenio Romani, Elio Gentilini Cacciola, Francesca Colavita, Enrico Palermo, Luca Maddaloni, Luigi Rosa, Alessandra D'Auria, Valentina Baccolini, Giuseppe Migliara, Giulia Matusali, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Guido Antonelli, Fabrizio Maggi, Gabriella d'Ettorre, Carolina Scagnolari","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1617029","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1617029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Estimating the burden of Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) infections in migrants is important to promote their health status and recommend appropriate interventions. We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of ZIKV and DENV in migrants from high endemic countries attended at a referral center in Rome (Italy), arriving via the Mediterranean from North and sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-four serum samples from migrants were tested for anti-ZIKV and anti-DENV immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM by ELISA. Serum samples with detectable Ig were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). For confirmatory testing and given the cross-reactivity of antibodies between orthoflaviviruses, all positive IFA sera were tested by virus neutralization test. ZIKV and DENV RNA were assessed by RT Real-Time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All serum samples were negative for anti-ZIKV IgG, while 12.50% (n=8/64) were positive for anti-ZIKV IgM by ELISA. IFA showed that only 1 of 8 serum samples (12.50%) was positive for anti-ZIKV IgM, but ZIKV RNA was undetectable. The seroprevalence of anti-DENV IgG by ELISA was 59.37% (n=38/64), mostly confirmed by IFA (97.36%, n=37/38). Furthermore, anti-DENV IgM were detected in 9 serum samples (n=9/64, 14.06%) by ELISA, previously tested negative for anti-DENV IgG. Of these, 2 sera were confirmed by IFA, but DENV RNA was not detectable. Anti-DENV neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were detected in 27% of anti-DENV IgG sera (n=10/37) tested by IFA. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sub-Saharan African origin was an independent factor for the development of anti-DENV nAbs (p=0.009), while age and gender had no effect. Sera negatives for anti-DENV nAbs but with detectable anti-DENV IgG tested by IFA had nAbs to another orthoflavivirus (n=25/27, 92.59%) such as West Nile virus (WNV) (n=17/25, 68%), Yellow fever virus (YFV) (n=7/25, 28%) and Usutu virus (USUV) (n=1/25, 4%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A high prevalence of anti-orthoflavivirus IgG, especially against DENV, was found in the migrant population studied, but no infections were detected. With the recent outbreaks of autochthonous DENV infections in Italy, the risk of secondary DENV infection - and severe disease - could be high. Robust serological surveillance, vaccination and prevention strategies for this vulnerable group are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1617029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective review: single- and multidonor washed microbiota transplantation have equivalent efficacy in the treatment of autism.","authors":"Ya-Mei Zheng, Meng-Meng Ye, Hong-Ying Zhang, Dan-Ping Luo, Tao Liu, Xing-Xiang He, Xian-Yun Chen, Li-Hao Wu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1606417","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1606417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder with no effective treatment. This study explored the short-term clinical effects of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) with different numbers of donors on autism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive ASD patients treated with two continuous WMT courses from March 2020 to March 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University were retrospectively assessed. Basic information, aberrant behavior checklist (ABC) scores, childhood autism rating scale (CARS) scores, sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) scores, adverse reactions, and feces were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-four patients were included (single-donor group: 17 patients; multidonor group: 27 patients). The CARS, ABC and SDSC scores didn't differ between the two groups before treatment. After two courses, the scores for the 44 patients were lower than those at baseline (P<0.05), with no severe adverse reactions observed. After the first course, the mean ABC (P=0.049) and SDSC (P=0.019) scores were significantly different between the single-donor and multidonor groups, but the difference disappeared after two courses. The alpha-diversity of the faecal flora in the effective-group was greater than that in the ineffective-group (Shannon index P=0.0018). <i>Lactobacillus</i> was the predominant genus in the effective group, whereas <i>Faecalibacterium, Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Sphingomonas</i> were predominant genera in the ineffective group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After two WMT courses, the symptoms of ASD improved, with good short-term treatment efficacy. The ASD symptom improvement did not differ between the single-donor and multidonor groups. Changes in the alpha-diversity and abundance of the faecal microbiota after WMT may be related to treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1606417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography-based radiomics prediction model for differentiating invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> pneumonia.","authors":"Zhiguo Peng, Xingzhe Gao, Miao He, Xinyue Dong, Dongdong Wang, Zhengjun Dai, Dexin Yu, Huaibin Sun, Jun Tian, Yu Hu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1552556","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1552556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> are important pathogens that cause fungal pulmonary infections. Because the manifestations of <i>P. jirovecii</i> pneumonia (PJP) or invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) are difficult to differentiate on computed tomography (CT) images and the treatment of the two diseases is different, correct imaging for diagnosis is highly significant. The present study developed and validated the diagnostic performance of a CT-based radiomics prediction model for differentiating IPA from PJP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 97 patients, 51 with IPA and 46 with PJP, were included in this study. Each patient underwent a non-enhanced chest CT examination. All the patients were randomly divided into two cohorts, training and validation, at a ratio of 7:3 using random seeds automatically generated using the RadCloud platform. Image segmentation, feature extraction, and radiomic feature selection were performed on the RadCloud platform. The regions of interest (ROIs) were manually segmented, including the consolidation area with the surrounding ground-glass opacity (GGO) area and the consolidation area alone. Six supervised-learning classifiers were used to develop a CT-based radiomics prediction model, which was estimated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1-score. The radiomics score was also calculated to compare the prediction performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Classifiers trained with the consolidation area and surrounding GGO area as the ROI showed better prediction efficacy than classifiers trained using only the consolidation area as the ROI. The XGBoost model performed better than the other classifiers and radiomics scores in the validation cohort, with an AUC of 0.808 (95% CI, 0.655-0.961).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This radiomics model can effectively assist in the differential diagnosis of PJP and IPA. The consolidation area with the surrounding GGO area was more suitable for ROI segmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1552556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucoidan as a therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis: mechanisms of action and modulation of the gut microbiota.","authors":"Yating Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1626614","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1626614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease driven by gut dysbiosis, immune dysregulation, and oxidative stress, lacks universally effective therapies. Fucoidan (FCD), a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae, has emerged as a multifaceted therapeutic candidate due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This review synthesizes FCD's mechanisms in UC pathogenesis, emphasizing its suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways to reduce proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) and regulate TLR-mediated macrophage polarization. FCD enhances intestinal barrier integrity via upregulation of tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, ZO-1) and mucin MUC2 expression, while remodeling gut microbial ecology through enrichment of SCFAs-producing bacteria (e.g., Ruminococcaceae) and suppression of pathogens (Escherichia coli, Candida albicans). Preclinical studies highlight LMWF as a superior candidate, demonstrating enhanced bioavailability and efficacy in mitigating DSS-induced colitis. Despite its promise, challenges persist in structural heterogeneity (source- and extraction-dependent), scalable production of LMWF, and insufficient pharmacokinetic data. Emerging strategies-including nanoparticle-based delivery systems and structural modifications (cross-linking, covalent bonding)-aim to overcome bioavailability limitations. This review underscores FCD's potential as a functional food or adjuvant therapy for UC, while advocating for rigorous clinical validation to bridge translational gaps, Enrichment of SCFAs-producing taxa and suppression of pathobionts (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>), mediated through prebiotic fermentation. Suppression of NF-κB activation via IκBα stabilization and inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation, and downregulation of MAPK phosphorylation (ERK1/2, JNK, p38), reducing proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β). FCD can be used as a potential treatment for UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1626614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Multifactorial resistance mechanisms associated with resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam in clinical <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> isolates from Switzerland.","authors":"Baharak Babouee Flury, Anja Bösch, Valentin Gisler, Adrian Egli, Salome N Seiffert, Oliver Nolte, Jacqueline Findlay","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1636052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1636052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1098944.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1636052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ddPCR Enhances early diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and pathogen verification in elderly BSI.","authors":"Jiayi Peng, Huili Bai, Ying Li, Huating Luo, Jiajun Li, Haifeng Dai, Hongmei Wang, Tao Meng, Jia Zhang, Zhijian Wang, Xuanxin Chen, Wei Cheng, Yan Peng, Wenxiang Huang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1605795","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1605795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bloodstream infection (BSI) exhibits elevated mortality, particularly among elderly patients manifesting atypical symptoms. Although blood culture (BC) remains the diagnostic gold standard, its limited sensitivity and prolonged turnaround time impede early detection. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), a novel pathogen detection method with superior sensitivity and rapid results, demonstrates significant diagnostic and prognostic for BSI. However, heightened sensitivity may increase false positive rates, with elderly patients particularly susceptible to specimen contamination and transient bacteremia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study employed clinical judgment as the diagnostic reference. Patients were stratified into BSI and non-BSI groups, with data collected on ddPCR and BC results, imaging and laboratory findings, medication response, and discharge outcomes. The diagnostic accuracy and antibiotic guidance efficacy of ddPCR and BC were compared, and the clinical utility of ddPCR was evaluated for prognostic assessment and false positive identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis encompassed 355 episodes from 280 elderly patients with suspected BSI. ddPCR demonstrated significantly higher detection rates compared to BC in BSI group (59.33% versus 20.57%). Combined implementation increased detection to 65.07%. Regardless of clinical judgment (59.61% versus 20.57%) or alternative microbiological tests (90.63% versus 7.14%) served as the reference standards, ddPCR exhibited superior sensitivity to BC. No significant differences emerged in antibiotic adjustment rates or therapeutic efficacy between ddPCR and BC. Elevated microbial species diversity correlated with unfavorable discharge outcomes (P<0.001, OR=2.122). Multiple follow-up ddPCR monitoring revealed progressive increases in the number of species and the copies of some (or all) species among patients with poor outcomes, contrasting with decreasing trends in those with favorable outcomes. When detecting <i>Streptococcus</i>, coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> (CoNS), <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> complex, and <i>Candida</i>, diagnostic thresholds of 132.55, 182.70/262.24, and 174.78 copies/mL, respectively, were established to help differentiate false-positive results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of ddPCR with BC improves BSI diagnosis in elderly patients and facilitates antibiotic treatment optimization. Moreover, ddPCR demonstrates potential for prognostic evaluation and false-positive discrimination. Nevertheless, these findings require further validation through large-scale prospective studies employing predefined clinical criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1605795"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Saxifraga stolonifera</i> inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection by disrupting nucleocapsid protein-p53 interaction.","authors":"Hongde Lu, Haoyang Liu, Ning Guo, Yu Zhou, Haiyan Lu, Zhiyuan He, Hong Dong","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1615300","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1615300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an acute, highly contagious intestinal disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which has devastating effects on the global swine industry. Currently, no effective therapeutic agents have been identified for treating PEDV infections. <i>Saxifraga stolonifera</i> (<i>S. stolonifera</i>), valued in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties, remains poorly studied regarding its efficacy against PEDV. This study demonstrated the dose-dependent inhibition of PEDV nucleocapsid expression by <i>S. stolonifera in vitro</i>. <i>S. stolonifera</i> strongly inhibited the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Using the network pharmacology, key components such as gallic acid, quercetin, coumarin, and caffeic acid were identified. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that <i>S. stolonifera</i> mainly targeted pathways including p53, MAPK, and TNF to exert anti-PEDV effects. <i>S. stolonifera</i> treatment disrupted the interaction of PEDV N protein and p53. It also modulated the p53-DREAM signaling pathway by reducing p53 and p21 protein levels, while enhancing p130 (Ser672) phosphorylation, E2F4, and Cyclin A protein expression levels. Molecular docking revealed stable hydrogen bonding between the seven core components and the PEDV N protein, with quercetin exhibiting the lowest binding energy. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that quercetin and other components share conserved binding sites with the PEDV N protein. These findings underscore the potential of <i>S. stolonifera</i> as a natural antiviral agent against PEDV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1615300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula improves kidney function by regulating gut microbiome in rats with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Yuzhi Wang, Jiandong Lu, Wenkui Dai, Shudong Yang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1526863","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1526863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent studies have underscored the role of interactions between Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and the gut microbiome (GM) in mediating therapeutic effects. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen Formula (JPYSF) has shown efficacy in ameliorating chronic kidney disease (CKD) symptoms, but its mechanisms via GM modulation remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 8-week-old rats were assigned to three groups after a two-week acclimation: C (normal diet for six weeks), M (adenine diet for four weeks then normal diet for two weeks), and T (same as M, with JPYSF administered during the final three weeks). Fecal samples were collected at three timepoints (T1: post-acclimation; T2: after three weeks on respective diets; T3: after three weeks of JPYSF treatment) for metagenomic sequencing. Serum creatinine (SCR) was measured at T2 and T3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At T2, adenine-fed rats showed elevated SCR (C: 28.4 ± 1.5 µmol/L; M: 189.6 ± 25.8µmol/L; T: 186.4 ± 32.5µmol/L; p < 0.001). By T3, SCR decreased more in T (86.0 ± 14.9µmol/L) than in M (119.6 ± 16.3µmol/L; p = 0.012), with C remaining stable (30.8 ± 4.4µmol/L). Adenine feeding induced significant GM shifts, evidenced by increased Aitchison distance (p < 0.01) and altered co-abundance interaction groups (CIGs): CIG3, 6, 9, 10 increased; CIG1, 2, 4, 12 decreased (all p < 0.05). After JPYSF treatment, only CIG4 significantly rebounded (T3 vs. M, p = 0.0079), and T3-T1 dissimilarity was lower in T than M (p < 0.05). SCR levels were significantly lower in T than M after returning to a normal diet, suggesting a renoprotective effect of JPYSF. Co-occurrence analysis linked SCR positively with toxin-associated CIGs (CIG3, 6, 7, 9, 10) and pathways (purine metabolism, toluene degradation), and negatively with CIG4.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results demonstrate that JPYSF lowers SCR and selectively modulates GM modules, particularly CIG4, which inversely correlates with uremic toxin-producing pathways, suggesting improved renal function and specific gut microbiota modulation in CKD rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1526863"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}