Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Study on the impact of COVID-19 epidemic and agent disease risk simulation model based on individual factors in Xi'an City.","authors":"Wen Dong, Henan Yao, Wei-Na Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1547601","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1547601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since the first discovery and reporting of the COVID - 19 pandemic towards the end of 2019, the virus has rapidly propagated across the world. This has led to a remarkable spike in the number of infections. Even now, doubt lingers over whether it has completely disappeared. Moreover, the issue of restoring normal life while ensuring safety continues to be a crucial challenge that public health agencies and people globally are eager to tackle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To thoroughly understand the epidemic's outbreak and transmission traits and formulate timely prevention measures to fully safeguard human lives and property, this paper presents an agent - based model incorporating individual - level factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model designates Xi'an-where a characteristic disease outbreak occurred-as the research area. The simulation results demonstrate substantial consistency with official records, effectively validating the model's applicability, adaptability, and generalizability. This validated capacity enables accurate prediction of epidemic trends and comprehensive assessment of disease risks.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>From late 2021 to early 2022, it employs a one - to - one population simulation approach and simulates epidemic impacts and disease risks. Initially, using building statistical data in the study area, the model reconstructs the local real - world geographical environment. Leveraging data from the seventh national population census, it also replicates the study area's population characteristics. Next, the model takes into account population mobility, contact tracing, patient treatment, and the diagnostic burden of COVID - 19 - like influenza symptoms. It integrates epidemic transmission impact parameters into the model framework. Eventually, the model's results are compared with official data for validation, and it's applied to hypothetical scenarios. It provides scientific theoretical tools to support the implementation of government - driven prevention and control measures. Additionally, it facilitates the adjustment of individual behavioral guidelines, promoting more effective epidemic management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1547601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of periostin (OSF-2) in the cytoadherence phenomena mediated by malaria parasites.","authors":"Zhi-Ying Phong, Joo-Yie Chin, Yee Ling Ng, Nurul Izza Zakaria, Siti Nur Athirah-Azman, Varakorn Kosaisavee, Laurent Rénia, Wenn-Chyau Lee","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1599872","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1599872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The pathogenesis of severe malaria is primarily attributed to the cytoadherence properties of <i>Plasmodium</i>-infected erythrocytes (IRBC), which include rosetting and IRBC-endothelial cytoadherence. These cytoadherence events are influenced by various parasite- and host-derived factors. Previously, antibodies against human periostin (OSF-2), an inflammation-associated protein, were reported to inhibit rosetting. In this study, we aimed to characterize the OSF-2-mediated cytoadherence in infections caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (the most fatal human malaria parasite) and <i>P. knowlesi</i> (an emerging, potentially fatal zoonotic malaria parasite).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Laboratory-adapted <i>P. falciparum</i> and <i>P. knowlesi</i> isolates were cultured, and the late-stage parasites were purified for experiments using recombinant human OSF-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that OSF-2 at a concentration of 200 ng/ml induced rosette-stimulation in both parasite species. Furthermore, we demonstrated the serum dependency of OSF-2-mediated rosetting. The rosette-stimulating effect of OSF-2 was completely abolished when IRBC were treated with a low concentration of trypsin. This suggests a role for <i>P. falciparum</i> erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) in OSF-2-mediated rosetting by <i>P. falciparum</i>, and reveals the trypsin-sensitive nature of the P. knowlesi-derived ligands involved in OSF-2-mediated rosetting. We also found that OSF-2-mediated rosetting was independent of the ABO blood group. Additionally, we demonstrated the ability of OSF-2 to disrupt the IRBC-endothelial binding.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This work contributes to our understanding of the host-parasite interactions in malaria pathobiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1599872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pharmacovigilance study on probiotic preparations based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System from 2005 to 2023.","authors":"Yitong Wang, Weifu Tan, Xuyang Li, Guangli Yang, Yunxiao Wang, Jing Liao, Aner Lu, Guoqing Zhang, Kuidai Chen, Liling Yang, Wei Li","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1455735","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1455735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Probiotics are recognized as beneficial foods, but adverse reactions reported by individuals still exist. This study aims to analysis adverse events (AE) related to probiotics from the FAERS database from the first quarter (Q1) of 2005 to the fourth quarter (Q4) of 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The AE data related to probiotic from the 2005 Q1 to the 2023 Q4 were collected. R language was applied to analyze the standardized AE data and three algorithms including the reporting odds ratio (ROR), the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and the empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM) were used to identify AE signals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 10,698,312 reports were collected from the FAERS database, of which 74 probiotic-related adverse events were reported. About one third of the reported cases were older than 60 years.36.36% of the reported cases required Hospitalization. A total of 285 preference terms (PTS) and 15 system organ classes (SOC) were identified. In the overall analysis, only 9 PTs and 2 SOCs met significant disproportionality for all three algorithms simultaneously. SOCs included Gastrointestinal disorders (N=97, ROR=5.3, PRR=3.84, EBGM=3.84) and Hepatobiliary disorders (N=9, ROR =3.39, PRR=3.32, EBGM=3.32). PTs included Gastrointestinal pain (ROR=77.76, PRR=76.69, EBGM=76.63), Hypophagia (ROR=24.13, PRR=23.88, EBGM=28.88), and Hepatobiliary disorders (N=97, ROR=5.3, PRR=3.84, EBGM=3.84) and Flatulence (ROR=23.75, PRR=23.28, EBGM=23.27) were the top four highest. Meanwhile, s found new unique adverse signals such as Agitation (ROR=12.48, PRR=12.32, EBGM=12.32) and Anxiety (ROR=4.10, PRR=4.04, EBGM=4.04). Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed to identify AE signals based on gender and age. Metabolism and nutrition disorders (N=6, ROR=3.21, PRR=3.04, EBGM=3.04) and Asthenia (N=3, ROR=5.9, PRR=5.71, EBGM=5.71) were unique AE signal for the male group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although, the risk of adverse reactions arising from the application of probiotics cannot be ignored. However, However, the results of this FAERS-based study continue to support the overall safety of probiotic preparations. It is necessary to pay attention to the potential influence of factors such as gender and age on the effects and adverse reactions of probiotic application in basic research and clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1455735"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intratumoral microbiota heterogenicity is related to the prognosis and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer.","authors":"Yi Guo, Yuhang Xiao, Changyi Zhang, Ying Wang, Guangxu Cao, Ka Yu Tse, Zhiqiang Han, Fang Li, Yong Zhi","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1574511","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1574511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The intratumoral microbe-host interaction plays crucial role in the development of cancer. The microbiome can influence cancer development by modulating inflammation, immune responses and metabolic pathways. Therefore, we aim to delineate the landscape and role of intratumoral microbiota in cervical cancer (CC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The presence of bacterial community in CC tissues was confirmed by fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (FISH). Then 16s rRNA and RNA-Seq were used to characterize the composition of intratumoral microbiota. Combined with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) data from the Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the clinical signatures of intratumoral microbiota and DEGs were further analyzed. Finally, the effect of the up-regulated Fibrinogen beta chain (FGB) expressed fragment peptide on the biological behavior of cancer was verified <i>in vitro.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found the composition heterogeneity of bacteria in CC tumors. <i>Pseudomonas</i> was most highly enriched in CC tissues and grouped according to the relative abundance level. The clinical characteristics of patients with relatively high abundance of <i>Pseudomonas</i> had the higher levels of fibrinogen and lower levels of white blood cell (WBC) and albumin (ALB) expression. Combining transcriptome data from the two our collective CC and TCGA-CESC cohorts, we found that <i>Pseudomonas</i> abundance was significantly associated with fibrinogen beta peptide expression and worse overall survival in CC patients. <i>In vitro</i> experiment revealed that <i>Pseudomonas</i> could promote the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells through overexpression of FGB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We characterized the composition of the intratumoral microbiota in CC tissues and identified the most significantly differentially abundant bacteria between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. Our findings provide novel insights into the relationship between intratumoral <i>Pseudomonas</i> and the tumorigenesis of CC. A deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its associated microbiota may reveal new potential therapeutic targets and improve clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1574511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of the <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-3 gene in emergence of a peculiar resistance phenotype in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.","authors":"Peishan Li, Leping Yan, Jingjie Song, Chengfeng Lin, Fangyin Zeng, Shihan Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1545157","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1545157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying a peculiar resistance phenotype in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, characterized by reduced susceptibility to cefepime compared to ceftazidime.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, plasmid conjugation experiments, whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses were employed to characterize the resistance phenotype and identify genetic determinants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains exhibiting peculiar resistance phenotypes were collected and analyzed. Ten distinct sequence types (STs) were identified, including ST25 (4/20), ST967 (3/20), ST65 (2/20), ST133 (2/20), ST48 (2/20), ST353 (1/20), ST628 (1/20), ST753 (1/20), ST792 (1/20), and ST254 (1/20). All strains were resistant to FEP (MIC₅₀ = 128 µg/mL) but not to CAZ (MIC₅₀ = 8 µg/mL). This resistance was primarily attributed to the presence of the <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-3 (14/20) and <i>bla</i> _OXA-10 (3/20). Conjugation experiments demonstrated that 5 out of 14 <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-3-positive <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains successfully acquired transconjugants, which exhibited the same peculiar resistance phenotype. PCR analysis confirmed that the conjugates contained the IncFII plasmid. To further elucidate the genetic basis of the resistance phenotype, whole-genome long-read sequencing was performed on three <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-3-positive <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains. The sequencing results confirmed that <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-3 was located on the IncFII plasmid, and analysis of its genetic environment revealed a frequent association with mobile genetic elements such as IS<i>26</i>, IS<i>Ecp1</i>, and Tn<i>3</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The primary driver of this phenotype in <i>K. pneumoniae</i> is the presence of the IncFII plasmid carrying <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-3, which contrasts with the resistance mechanisms often reported in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> exhibiting similar phenotypes. This study emphasizes the critical role of plasmid-mediated resistance in the spread of multidrug resistance in <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and provides insights into strategies for combating resistance in these pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1545157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between oral dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Laura Murcia-Flores, Ana Sánchez-García, María Pilar Pecci-Lloret, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1564362","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1564362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oral cavity serves as the gateway to the human organism, hosting a diverse community of microorganisms that coexist in a state of symbiosis. Disruption of this balance leads to oral dysbiosis, a condition associated with infections and oral pathologies, which may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of systemic disorders such as Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. While oral dysbiosis is recognized as a risk factor and an aggravating element for Parkinson's disease, it is not regarded as a direct cause. This systematic review aims to synthesize existing research exploring the potential relationship between oral dysbiosis and the development of Parkinson's disease. Following a comprehensive analysis, 12 studies were selected, comprising 11 case-control studies and one observational analytical study. These studies investigated the composition of oral microbiota in different sample groups, revealing a higher abundance of pathogenic oral bacteria in individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The findings suggest that oral dysbiosis may influence both the onset of Parkinson's disease and the progression of symptoms such as cognitive decline. These results pave the way for future research, particularly regarding alterations in oral microbiota as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024540056.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1564362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HmuY proteins of the <i>Porphyromonas</i> genus show diversity in heme-binding properties.","authors":"Michał Śmiga, Teresa Olczak","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1560779","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1560779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bacteria of the <i>Porphyromonas</i> genus, belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum, colonize various host niches in health and disease. As heme auxotrophs, they rely on heme uptake for iron and protoporphyrin IX. A key heme acquisition system in <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> is the Hmu system, where the hemophore-like HmuY^Pg protein plays a major role. HmuY^Pg coordinates heme-iron using two histidines, whereas other known HmuY proteins produced by other Bacteroidota members prefer a pair of histidine-methionine or two methionines. Some of them bind heme <i>via</i> the protoporphyrin ring without heme-iron coordination, similar to the <i>P. gingivalis</i> HusA protein.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used bioinformatics, spectroscopic, and electrophoretic methods to compare the genomic organization of the Hmu system and the structural and functional properties of HmuY proteins within the <i>Porphyromonas</i> genus.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>We revealed variations in the heme-binding properties of proteins belonging to the HmuY family and susceptibility to modifications in their heme-binding pockets. These findings suggest that HmuY proteins may have undergone evolutionary adaptations to enhance bacterial survival in the human microbiome, contributing to dysbiosis and disease development. These evolutionary changes may explain the superior heme-binding ability of <i>P. gingivalis</i> HmuY^Pg compared to HmuY homologs produced by other <i>Porphyromonas</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1560779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> of an intrinsically disordered protein segment of <i>Pf</i>UT impairs the parasite's proteostasis and reduces its growth rate.","authors":"Yunuen Avalos-Padilla, Inés Bouzón-Arnáiz, Miriam Ramírez, Claudia Camarero-Hoyos, Marc Orozco-Quer, Elsa M Arce, Diego Muñoz-Torrero, Xavier Fernàndez-Busquets","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1565814","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1565814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The proteome of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> exhibits a marked propensity for aggregation. This characteristic results from the parasite's AT-rich genome, which encodes numerous proteins with long asparagine-rich stretches and low structural complexity, which lead to abundant intrinsically disordered regions. While this poses challenges for the parasite, the propensity for protein aggregation may also serve functional roles, such as stress adaptation, and could therefore be exploited by targeting it as a potential vulnerable spot in the pathogen. Here, we overexpressed an aggregation-prone segment of the <i>P. falciparum</i> ubiquitin transferase (<i>Pf</i>UTf), an E3 ubiquitin ligase protein that has been previously demonstrated to regulate the stability of parasite proteins involved in invasion, development and drug metabolism. Overexpression of <i>Pf</i>UTf in <i>P. falciparum</i> had evident phenotypic effects observed by transmission electron microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy, increased endogenous protein aggregation, disrupted proteostasis, and caused significant growth impairment in the parasite. Combined with dihydroartemisinin treatment, <i>Pf</i>UTf overexpression had a synergistic effect that further compromised the parasite´s viability, linking protein aggregation to proteasome dysfunction. Changes in the distribution of aggregation-prone proteins, shown by the altered subcellular fluorescent pattern of the new investigational aggregated protein dye and antiplasmodial compound YAT2150 in the overexpressing <i>P. falciparum</i> line, highlighted the critical balance between protein aggregation, stress responses, and parasite viability, suggesting proteostasis-targeting therapies as a good antimalarial strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1565814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The progress of the microbe-gut-brain axis in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.","authors":"Chen He, Hui Shi, Zhijie Yu, Chunhan Ma, Zhiqiang Jiao, Jin Li, Fei Yang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1587463","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1587463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse brain dysfunction that is caused by sepsis without direct brain injury or central nervous system infection and is manifested as anxiety-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction. The microbiota-gut-brain axis, on the other hand, is a bidirectional communication network between the gut and the brain that modulates host behavior and cognitive function in many ways and is of central importance in the preservation of general health and homeostasis. Given the functional roles attributed to the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), contemporary research is progressively focused on elucidating relationships between SAE and alterations in compositional and quantitative intestinal microbiota profiles. This review consolidates interdisciplinary insights from immunology, microbiology, neuroendocrine signaling, and neural pathophysiology to evaluate the mechanistic contribution of the MGBA to the relief of cognitive impairments in SAE. By unifying these perspectives, with the aim of preventing or enhancing SAE-related neurological dysfunction for the formulation of MGBA-targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1587463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection outcomes using sequencing-based early microbiological response: a proof-of-concept prospective study.","authors":"Ji Zhou, Qian Qian, Chuwei Jing, Jing Liu, Danni Wang, Mingyue Wang, Yuchen Ding, Dejian Gu, Wenyin Xia, Lili Tao, Wenkui Sun","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1547998","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1547998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTIs) cause significant mortality. This study was assigned to explore the association between early microbiological responses defined by quantitative targeted amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (QtNGS) and clinical outcomes in patients with <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>-dominant VA-LRTI.</p><p><strong>Measurements and main results: </strong>A prospective observational study including 34 participants was conducted to assess the probability of predicting clinical outcomes using sequencing-based early microbiological response. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) were collected at admission and 3 days post-treatment from these patients for QtNGS to determine the relative quantification ratio (RQR) of <i>A. baumannii</i>. Patients were categorized into survival (n=26) and non-survival (n=8) groups. The RQR was calculated as the quantification of <i>A. baumannii</i> determined by QtNGS after treatment to pretreatment. RQR significantly increased on day 4 in the non-survival group (median 5.285), and decreased in the survival group (median 0.1864). Receiver's operation characteristic curves revealed that an RQR ≥1.41 was predictive of poor outcomes, with an area under the curve of 0.9471 (0.8759-1). The accuracy of the RQR determined by QtNGS was further evaluated by retesting the same specimen using digital droplet PCR, and the linear correlation was confirmed in the RQR calculated by two methods. The 23 patients with RQR<1.41 all survived for 28 days, whereas the survival rate for the 11 patients with RQR ≥1.41 was 27.27%. RQR was significantly and positively correlated with the length of ICU stay in survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RQR of <i>A. baumannii</i> detected by QtNGS correlates with the prognosis of VA-LRTI patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1547998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}