Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Diabetes exacerbates SARS-CoV-2 replication through ineffective pulmonary interferon responses, delayed cell-mediated immunity, and disruption of leptin signaling.","authors":"Côme J Thieulent, Udeni B R Balasuriya, Anna Tseng, Nicholas A Crossland, Jacqueline M Stephens, Wellesley Dittmar, Jaroslaw Staszkiewicz, Juergen A Richt, Mariano Carossino","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1513687","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1513687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comorbidities, including obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are associated with increased disease severity and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we investigated virus-host interactions under the effects of these comorbidities in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and leptin receptor-deficient (T2DM) mice following infection with SARS-CoV-2. DIO mice, as well as their lean counterparts, showed limited susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In contrast, T2DM mice showed exacerbated pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 replication and delayed viral clearance associated with down-regulation of innate and adaptative immune gene signatures, ineffective type I interferon response, and delayed SARS-CoV-2-specific cell-mediated immune responses. While T2DM mice showed higher and prolonged SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin isotype responses compared to their lean counterparts, neutralizing antibody levels were equivalent. By silencing the leptin receptor <i>in vitro</i> using a human alveolar epithelial cell line, we observed an increase in SARS-CoV-2 replication and type I interferons. Altogether, our data provides for the first time evidence that disruption of leptin receptor signaling leading to obesity and T2DM induces altered type I interferon and cell-mediated responses against SARS-CoV-2, mediating increased viral replication and delayed clearance. These data shed light on the alteration of the innate immune pathway in the lung using in-depth transcriptomic analysis and on adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 under T2DM conditions. Finally, this study provides further insight into this risk factor aggravating SARS-CoV-2 infection and understanding the underlying cellular mechanisms that could help identify potential intervention points for this at-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1513687"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Unveiling the hidden arsenal: exploring secondary metabolites and fungal development in pathogenic fungi.","authors":"Kunlong Yang, Gang Ding","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1572135","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1572135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1572135"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> biofilms on epithelial barrier function in a 3D aspiration pneumonia model.","authors":"Ewelina Wronowska, Ibeth Guevara-Lora, Aleksandra Brankiewicz, Grazyna Bras, Marcin Zawrotniak, Dorota Satala, Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta, Joanna Budziaszek, Joanna Koziel, Maria Rapala-Kozik","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1552395","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1552395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Polymicrobial infections involving <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> represent a significant challenge in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity. This study explores their synergistic effects on epithelial cells using an air-liquid interface (ALI) model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mixed-species biofilms were developed and analyzed for their impact on epithelial permeability and tight junction proteins. The effects of biofilm supernatants on IL-8 secretion and oxidative stress markers were also evaluated. The role of <i>P. gingivalis</i> proteases was assessed using a gingipain-null mutant (ΔKΔRAB) compared to the wild-type strain (W83). Survival experiments were conducted using <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae to examine the pathogenicity of dual-species biofilms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mixed-species biofilms significantly increased epithelial permeability and disrupted tight junction proteins, as evidenced by reduced levels of ZO-1 and E-cadherin. These changes were accompanied by oxidative stress, characterized by decreased HO-1 expression and enhanced Bax/Bcl-xL ratios, indicating increased pro-apoptotic activity. Supernatants from dual-species biofilms demonstrated a pronounced effect on epithelial cells, modulating IL-8 secretion and exacerbating oxidative damage. <i>C. albicans</i> was identified as the dominant driver of pro-inflammatory responses, while <i>P. gingivalis</i> contributed through immune modulation and enzymatic activity, primarily via gingipains. The ΔKΔRAB mutant biofilms caused less epithelial disruption and oxidative stress compared to the wild-type, highlighting the critical role of gingipains in pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Survival experiments using <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae supported these findings, highlighting the reduced survival associated with dual-species biofilms and the potential for high-dose antimicrobial therapies to mitigate this effect. These results emphasize the cooperative mechanisms of <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>P. gingivalis</i> in compromising epithelial barriers and underline the importance of combination therapies targeting both fungal and bacterial components in polymicrobial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1552395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis between Helicobacter pylori infection and hepatobiliary diseases.","authors":"Zhenjun Yu, Jie Chen, Mengdie Chen, Qiaoling Pan, Yaojian Shao, Xiaolong Jin, Chaohui Wang, Yuetao Zhang, Gang Lin, Ping Feng, Xiaosheng Teng","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1477699","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1477699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Helicobacter pylori (<i>H. pylori</i>) represents a significant chronic health concern, affecting approximately half of the global population. While <i>H. pylori</i> infection has been closely linked to numerous extradigestive diseases, the relationship between <i>H. pylori</i> and lesions in the gallbladder and biliary tract remains under debate.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We retrospectively collected data from patients who underwent <i>H. pylori</i> tests at the Physical Examination Center of Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital) between 2018 and 2022. Logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline analysis were employed to investigate the correlation between parameters and <i>H. pylori</i>. Additionally, we utilized population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database as an external validation cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 30,612 patients were included in the training set, with 22,296 (72.8%) belonging to the <i>H. pylori</i> non-infection group and 8,316 (27.2%) to the <i>H. pylori</i> infection group. Compared to the non-infection group, patients in the infection group exhibited a significant decrease in albumin levels and a notable increase in total cholesterol and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels. Furthermore, the infection group demonstrated significantly higher occurrences of gallbladder cholesterol crystals (6.0%), gallbladder polyps (20.2%), and atherosclerosis (25.6%) compared to the non-infection group, with respective rates of 5.1%, 19.1%, and 21.4% (average p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of fatty liver, intrahepatic inflammation, gallstones, or cholecystitis. Additional regression analysis revealed that <i>H. pylori</i>, age, BMI, albumin, and total cholesterol were independent risk factors for the cholesterol crystals and atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>H. pylori</i> infection is closely associated with the gallbladder cholesterol crystals and atherosclerosis, albeit not with conditions such as fatty liver, gallbladder stones, or cholecystitis. Future research necessitates multi-center, prospective studies to corroborate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1477699"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the role of the gut microbiome in pregnancy disorders: insights and implications.","authors":"Yupei Xie, Qian Chen, Dan Shan, Xiongfei Pan, Yayi Hu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1521754","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1521754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota is the collective term for the microorganisms that reside in the human gut. In recent years, advances in sequencing technology and bioinformatics gradually revealed the role of gut microbiota in human health. Dramatic changes in the gut microbiota occur during pregnancy due to hormonal and dietary changes, and these changes have been associated with certain gestational diseases such as preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Modulation of gut microbiota has also been proposed as a potential treatment for these gestational diseases. The present article aims to review current reports on the association between gut microbiota and gestational diseases, explore possible mechanisms, and discuss the potential of probiotics in gestational diseases. Uncovering the link between gut microbiota and gestational diseases could lead to a new therapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1521754"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deconstruct the link between gut microbiota and neurological diseases: application of Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Jingqiu Li, Xinyang Hu, Xinyu Tao, Yuming Li, Wan Jiang, Mingtao Zhao, Zhehui Ma, Bangjie Chen, Shuyan Sheng, Jiaye Tong, Haibo Zhang, Bing Shen, Xiaomei Gao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1433131","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1433131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research on the gut-brain axis has deepened our understanding of the correlation between gut bacteria and the neurological system. The inflammatory response triggered by gut microbiota may be associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the impact of gut microbiota on emotional state, known as the \"Gut-mood\" relationship, could play a role in depression and anxiety disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review summarizes recent data on the role of gut-brain axis in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders including epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, brain cancer, Parkinson's disease, bipolar disorder and stroke. Also, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study on seven neurological disorders (Epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, brain cancer, Parkinson's disease, bipolar disorder and stroke). MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO tests confirmed the robustness of analysis against horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By comparing the protective and risk factors for neurological disorders found in our research and other researches, we can furtherly determine valuable indicators for disease evolution tracking and potential treatment targets. Future research should explore extensive microbiome genome-wide association study datasets using metagenomics sequencing techniques to deepen our understanding of connections and causality between neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1433131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Developing therapeutics for antimicrobial resistant pathogens: volume II.","authors":"Raja Veerapandian, Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees, Thiruselvam Viswanathan, Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi, Govindsamy Vediyappan","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1581237","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1581237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1581237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Massa Medicata Fermentata treated spleen deficiency constipation by mediating intestinal microbiota and serum peptide.","authors":"Kangxiao Guo, Yuan Tang, Tao Yang, Yongwang Yan","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1556915","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1556915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the correlation between the treatment of spleen deficiency constipation and the typical brain and intestinal peptides.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 18 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n = 6): normal group (CC), model group (CM), and Massa Medicata Fermentata intervention group (CG). CM and CG were used to establish a spleen deficiency constipation mouse model. After the model was finished, CG was infused with 0.15 g/mL Massa Medicata Fermentata water infusion at a dose of 4 g/(kg·day), twice a day, at 0.4 mL. An equal amount of distilled water was infused in CC and CM for 7 days. The body weight and fecal water content of the mice were monitored during the modeling. Following the intervention, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to analyze changes in the microflora in the intestinal contents, and serum substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels were determined via ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The modeling had no significant effect on the weight of the mice, the water content of the mice's feces was greatly reduced, and the feces were dry and hard. Constipation caused by spleen deficiency can lead to a decrease in serum SP and an increase in VIP and CGRP. After treatment with Massa Medicata Fermentata, SP, VIP, and CGRP all changed. Intestinal microbiota diversity of mice with spleen deficiency constipation, and the dominant microbiota and characteristic microbiota changed, indicating that the intestinal microbiota was unbalanced. After the intervention of Massa Medicata Fermentata, the intestinal microbiota diversity of spleen deficiency constipation mice increased; the dominant microbiota became <i>Candidatus</i> Arthromitus, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, unclassified Bacilli, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Ligilactobacillus</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, and <i>Enterorhabdus</i>; and the characteristic microbiota became <i>Candidatus</i> Arthromitus. Through the analysis of characteristic microbiota and serum SP, VIP, and CGRP levels, <i>Ligilactobacillus</i> was found to be positively correlated with SP and negatively correlated with VIP, <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> were negatively correlated with SP, <i>Candidatus</i> Arthromitus was negatively correlated with CGRP, <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Candidatus</i> Arthromitus were negatively correlated with VIP, and <i>Candidatus</i> Arthromitus was negatively correlated with CGRP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Massa Medicata Fermentata can affect the secretion of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine by altering the microecological environment of the intestine, then affect the secretion of serum peptides in mice, and alleviate the spleen deficiency constipation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1556915"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardization of 16S rRNA gene sequencing using nanopore long read sequencing technology for clinical diagnosis of culture negative infections.","authors":"Ian Butler, Olivia Turner, Kulsoom Mohammed, Mazeda Akhtar, Daniel Evans, Jonathan Lambourne, Kathryn Harris, Denise M O'Sullivan, Chrysi Sergaki","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1517208","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1517208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of long-read sequencing technology, such as nanopore sequencing technology [Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT)], into routine diagnostic laboratories has the potential to transform bacterial infection diagnostics and improve patient management. Analysis of amplicons from long-read sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene generates a comprehensive view of the microbial community within clinical samples, significantly enhancing sensitivity and capacity to analyse mixed bacterial populations compared to short read sequencing approaches. This study evaluates various ONT sequencing approaches and library preparation kits to establish a reliable testing and quality framework for clinical implementation. This study highlights the critical importance of using well-characterized reference materials in validating and revalidating long-read sequencing methods, leveraging a combination of standardized reference materials and clinical samples to navigate the evolving landscape of microbial diagnostics. It presents a robust validation framework for laboratory accreditation and outlines a methodology for comparing the performance of newer ONT chemistries with earlier versions. Additionally, the study details the methods and quality control measures necessary for achieving more accurate and efficient diagnoses of bacterial infections, ultimately reducing time to treatment and enhancing patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1517208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and phylogenetic characterization of novel hunnivirus recombinant strains in cattle from Guangxi, China.","authors":"Guangxin Zhang, Yuhang Luo, Jiajie Li, Chang Cui, Kang Ouyang, Ying Chen, Zuzhang Wei, Yifeng Qin, Qingting Dong, Yan Pan, Weijian Huang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1559722","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1559722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hunnivirus (HuV), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is a single-stranded RNA virus associated with gastrointestinal issues in animals and poses potential zoonotic risks. While HuV has been detected in various animals, its prevalence and genetic characteristics in cattle remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2021 to 2023, we collected 1,017 fecal samples from cattle across Guangxi, China, and analyzed them for HuV using RT-PCR. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses were conducted to assess the virus's genetic diversity and potential recombination events. Additionally, five HuV-positive samples were selected for whole-genome amplification and sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of HuV was 3.05%, with significantly higher detection rates in diarrheic cattle (9.59%) compared to healthy cattle (2.54%). Regional prevalence varied, with the highest in Liuzhou (5.66%) and the lowest in Nanning (1.51%). Phylogenetic analysis identified a novel recombinant strain with distinct evolutionary patterns in the P3 genomic region. Sequence analysis revealed low homology in the VP1 and P1 regions compared to known genotypes, suggesting the classification of these strains as a new genotype. Additionally, the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) analysis confirmed the presence of type II Internal Ribosome Entry Sites (IRES), showing up to 91.8% nucleotide similarity with human parechovirus HPeV-3.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings reveal significant genetic diversity and regional adaptation of HuV in cattle populations. The virus is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, especially in areas with suboptimal farming conditions, and exhibits a potential for zoonotic transmission. This study provides a foundation for further research into the virus's pathogenicity and zoonotic risk, highlighting the need for continued surveillance to monitor its spread and evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1559722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}