Stephen Awuni , Miroslav Hájek , Marcel Riedl , Diana Carolina Huertas-Bernal , Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri , Forzia Ibrahim , Roman Dudik , Emmanuel Tetteh Jumpah , Francis Adarkwah
{"title":"Public perceptions of climate and land use drivers of medicinal plant availability in Czech forests: A national survey-based study","authors":"Stephen Awuni , Miroslav Hájek , Marcel Riedl , Diana Carolina Huertas-Bernal , Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri , Forzia Ibrahim , Roman Dudik , Emmanuel Tetteh Jumpah , Francis Adarkwah","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicinal plants are vital to forest ecosystem services, contributing to biodiversity, public health, and rural livelihoods. In the Czech Republic, the perceived availability of these resources is increasingly threatened by climate change and land use change. This study explores key environmental drivers perceived by the public to affect the availability of medicinal plants and examines forest owners' adoption of management strategies to sustain these resources. Based on a national perception-based survey of 1500 respondents, including 53 forest owners, regression and descriptive statistical methods were employed to examine reported environmental drivers and management strategies. The findings reveal that climate change and excessive chemical use are widely perceived as major stressors associated with the reduced availability of medicinal plants. However, only 45 % of surveyed forest owners reported adopting formal management strategies, leaving substantial forest areas at risk from environmental pressures perceived to threaten medicinal plant resources. Among those implementing measures, forest restoration, organic agriculture, landscape protection, and pest control were the most implemented. Broader conservation schemes such as Natura 2000 were underutilised. These perception-based insights highlight the need for targeted policy interventions, including financial incentives, technical support, and education, to enhance forest owners' implementation of sustainable practices and support the long-term conservation of medicinal plant resources in Czech forests. Engaging the general public through education and participatory conservation efforts is also essential, given their key role in shaping demand and supporting forest protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unlocking youth opportunities in the forest sector: The role of green jobs in generating youth employment in Malawi","authors":"Maggie G. Munthali , Bonface Nankwenya , Zephania Nyirenda , Lemekezani Chilora , Levison Chiwaula , Baxton Chirombo , Wim Troosters","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green jobs offer significant potential to address high youth unemployment rates in low-income countries. Utilising data from the 2023 Malawi Green Corps Survey, this study employed the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach to assess the impact of green jobs on the welfare of youths in Malawi. The study randomly sampled 989 youths (628 project beneficiaries and 361 non-beneficiaries) from 10 districts in Malawi. The findings reveal that the project successfully recruited 2027 youths into green jobs focused on forest, soil and water conservation. Further results indicate that participation in the project positively impacted the youth's income and entrepreneurship development. The estimations indicate an increase in the current income of the youths involved in green jobs by approximately MK108,000. The results also show that the project increased the proportion of youths engaged in businesses by 42 %, further strengthening the connection between green jobs and entrepreneurial development. Results further demonstrated the need for long-term planning of green jobs to have a meaningful impact on poverty reduction. These findings underscore the transformative potential of green jobs in providing decent employment opportunities for youths in Malawi. Consequently, this study recommends that the government and other stakeholders develop strategies and policies to effectively engage youths in the green sectors, ensuring sustainable development and economic resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term forestation-deforestation dynamics in a socioeconomic perspective: The case of Italy, 1936–2018","authors":"Alessia D'Agata , Marco Marchetti , Luca Salvati , Piermaria Corona","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore long-term socio-ecological relationships at the local scale, this study investigates the evolution of forest cover (1936–2018) vis à vis population, settlements, and economic activities in Italy using geo-spatial information sources that combine environmental and socioeconomic indicators. Long-term forestation (or deforestation) dynamics were assessed in more than 8000 municipalities through a comprehensive analysis of the background socioeconomic context. A multivariate framework integrating descriptive statistics and maps, exploratory pairwise correlations, and a confirmative canonical correlation analysis, has discriminated five distinctive paths in forest cover change over time. Urbanization-driven deforestation in accessible and economically dynamic flat-hilly districts, and forestation after land abandonment in remote rural areas, have been the most frequent processes of landscape transformation in Italy. The empirical findings of this study reveal the complex interactions between forests and local communities, thus supporting the core assumption of the well-known Forest Transition Theory, a key research topic in forest assessment and policy. A peculiar contribution of this research lies in highlighting local specificities in forest dynamics, which are shown to depend strictly on the economic and demographic characteristics of local communities, as well as on the degree of land protection. Triggering a path of sustainable development in rural areas requires policies that combine factors potentially beneficial for the environment, such as the expansion of forests, in order to create a more balanced set of socio-ecological conditions. This will help reducing depopulation and fostering local economies through low-impact socio-demographic processes that are compatible with the environmental quality typical of ‘forest dominated’ landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adapting conservation easement to Chinese conservation context: from theory to practice","authors":"Siyuan He , Yu Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation easements (CEs) are efficient conservation tools to coordinate public-private interests. As China establishes a new national park system, CEs have been tested as a potential solution to the conservation-development trade-off in populated rural areas where collective forestland rights emerge as a major concern. However, limited research exists on their adaptability in China's National Park context. This study employs a qualitative approach to examine CEs' utility in forest management through theory and in practice in the Qianjiangyuan National Park Pilot (QNP). Through a necessity and feasibility assessment framework and structured interviews with key informants, findings indicate that CEs represent a promising conservation tool for achieving conservation targets by easing human pressures while maintaining land ownership and use rights at low cost under complex land tenure. Local governance, non-governmental organisations' participation, academic involvement, protected area management, and community governance were all identified as contributing factors for CE feasibility, with importance decreasing in that order. Further semi-structured interviews with qualitative content analysis revealed that the park agency prioritised CE's necessity for land tenure issues, particularly its cooperation with local governments to leverage a policy window for unified land management rather than state-owned land transformation. This cooperation emerged as a key condition for local CE adaptation. The study concludes that multi-stakeholder collaboration is essential to develop CE as a science-based land management tool that maximises its “minimum restriction for maximum comprehensive benefit” role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tim de Kruiff , Jonas Vester Legarth , Thomas Lundhede , Carl-Emil Pless , Hans Skov-Petersen , Jette Bredahl Jacobsen
{"title":"Seasonality of the recreational value of forests in Denmark","authors":"Tim de Kruiff , Jonas Vester Legarth , Thomas Lundhede , Carl-Emil Pless , Hans Skov-Petersen , Jette Bredahl Jacobsen","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of forest composition and appearance for recreational value is well-known, with a preference for deciduous species over coniferous species in Denmark. Yet, the effect of seasonal variation in appearance of these species on recreational preferences remain underexplored. In this paper, we combine three datasets to examine how seasonality affects people's preferences for forest visits. Using a repeated choice experiment over a one-year period, we find that the Danish public's preference for deciduous over coniferous forests is far more pronounced in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. Using forest visitor data from counting stations across Denmark, we demonstrate that the seasonal variation in visitor numbers is more pronounced for forests with a higher share of deciduous trees. Finally, we use PPGIS data to show that respondents travel to and stay shorter in the forest in the winter. The mode of transport, however, is stable over the year. Thus, out of five elements important for the calculation of welfare estimates, being species preference, travel distance, visit frequency, visit duration and transport mode, we find that the first four vary significantly by season, with no significant seasonal variation for the latter. We conclude that previous valuation studies, primarily based on spring or summer seasons, are upper bounds on the preference for deciduous forests over coniferous forests as well as for travel distance. Future valuation studies on forest recreation should pay closer attention to the effects of seasonality to produce non-biased estimates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103607"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Håkon Endresen Normann , Erkki-Jussi Nylén , Anne Toppinen , Jani Lukkarinen
{"title":"Building on solid ground? (In)Coordination within Norwegian and Finnish wood construction policies","authors":"Håkon Endresen Normann , Erkki-Jussi Nylén , Anne Toppinen , Jani Lukkarinen","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased use of wood represents a potential way to reduce emissions from construction. However, its adoption depends on coherent and well-coordinated policy support. This paper examines how policies in Norway and Finland align, or fail to align, across sectors and levels of governance. We investigate how policy consistency and coordination shape the development and implementation of wood construction policies in Finland and Norway.</div><div>Drawing on literature on innovation policy sustainability transitions, and policy mixes, we analyse the consistency and coordination of goals, strategies, and instruments across policy domains and governance levels. The analysis is based on policy documents and interviews in both countries.</div><div>Both countries have promoted wood construction for decades, leading to innovation and the adoption of new solutions, but with varying levels of policy integration and commitment. In both cases, fragmentation across policy fields and limited vertical integration have hampered more transformative change. Horizontal coordination has been hindered by fragmented ministerial ownership, while vertical coordination is challenged by differences in local capacity and priorities, and a lack of stronger national level requirements.</div><div>This paper contributes to sustainability transitions research by offering a comparative analysis of how policy consistency and coordination shape wood construction policies in two forest-rich countries. It shows that fragmented responsibilities, weak regulatory direction, and limited vertical and horizontal coordination hinder the realisation of wood's decarbonisation potential. Strengthening policy alignment and institutional coordination is essential to enable wood to play a larger role in low-carbon construction transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arpita Nehra , Justin S. Baker , Peter V. Caldwell , Katherine L. Martin , Travis W. Warziniack , Richard H. Manner , Christopher M. Mihiar , Gregory E. Frey , Jennifer K. Costanza
{"title":"The potential impact of forest loss on drinking water treatment costs in the southeastern U.S.","authors":"Arpita Nehra , Justin S. Baker , Peter V. Caldwell , Katherine L. Martin , Travis W. Warziniack , Richard H. Manner , Christopher M. Mihiar , Gregory E. Frey , Jennifer K. Costanza","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research shows that forest preservation can protect water quality, but it is less clear what the net economic costs of forest preservation might be for drinking water utilities. Economic valuation of forest benefits for drinking water is complex in part because the potential economic benefit is indirectly related to forest preservation through the benefit of forests for water quality. We contribute to a growing literature on land use-water quality interactions by linking ecological production and economic valuation functions that relate to changes in forest cover and water quality. We estimate potential avoided drinking water treatment costs by analyzing water quality impacts of projected land use change, using changes in nutrient concentrations. Specifically, we use observations from a survey conducted in the Southeastern US to explore which factors influence the variation in reported treatment costs. We then integrate the primary data with simulated outputs from a detailed ecological production function to project the potential long-term cost implications of land use change (including forest loss) in the region. Our findings suggest that a 1 % reduction in turbidity and TOC would reduce treatment costs by 0.046 %–0.091 % and 0.951 %–1.144 %, respectively. Further, while we find evidence of modest net cost impacts overall (<10 % for most facilities) under potential future land use change, we find a 1 % forest loss could increase treatment costs by 1.7 %. These results highlight the potential economic value of forest preservation in water supply systems and could inform source water protection strategies by water utilities through forest management incentives. <em>Keywords:</em> Forest Loss, Water treatment costs, Water quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cornelius K.A. Pienaah , Lina Adeetuk , Bipasha Baruah , Isaac Luginaah
{"title":"Harnessing women's traditional ecological knowledge through photovoice to address shea tree caterpillar (Cirina butyrospermi) infestation in semi-arid Ghana","authors":"Cornelius K.A. Pienaah , Lina Adeetuk , Bipasha Baruah , Isaac Luginaah","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is intensifying the emergence of pests and diseases worldwide. Despite mounting studies across Africa focusing on staple and some tree crops, there is limited scholarly attention on the threats posed by the seasonal infestation of the shea tree caterpillar across the sub-Saharan African shea-growing belt. In northern Ghana, the shea tree (<em>Vitellaria paradoxa</em>) provides the primary income and livelihood alternative for many women and their households. Drawing on feminist political ecology, this qualitative study employed photovoice to examine women's lived experiences, encompassing their observations, beliefs, and adaptive strategies related to shea caterpillar infestations in northern Ghana. Results from the visual and thematic analysis show a mix of both challenges and opportunities. The women perceive shea caterpillar infestations as increasingly unpredictable, with seasonal shifts and intensity attributed to changing climate patterns. They recognize caterpillars as pests that extensively defoliate shea trees while also providing a high-protein food source. The findings reveal conflicting perspectives on the effect of the caterpillar, with some women believing that defoliation increases shea yields by promoting new growth, while others associate it with yield declines, noting weakened trees post-infestation. This research highlights the diverse ecological knowledge of women in shea-growing regions, which is essential for building resilience against climate change and establishing sustainable shea production systems. It sets the stage for further exploration of the complexities of shea caterpillar infestations in the context of escalating climate change. Findings from this study indicate that a community-based approach could be an effective climate-informed strategy for pest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How village communities perceive the relevance of forest ecosystem services: Insights from Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Kritishnu Sanyal, Shyamasree Dasgupta","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study on perception analysis uses a multivariate ordinal probit regression (MVOR) model to analyse the factors influencing the perception of village communities towards forest ecosystem services (FES) in Himachal Pradesh, India. It contributes to the scholarship in two ways: first, by demonstrating the application of the MVOR to identify factors shaping perception within an ordinal framework, and second, by exploring the drivers that involve communities in sustainable forest management outside the market framework. Results show the community recognises the importance of provisioning services the most (median rank =4) and regulating and supporting services the least (median ranks = 2). The highest ranging threshold values (0–2.46) for supporting services indicate that this FES is a grey area, unlike regulating service with thresholds ranging between 0 and 1.2. Formal education significantly (<em>p</em> < 0.05) tends to help the community appreciate the intangible benefits of FES. This suggests that the school curriculum should incorporate a comprehensive framework of ecosystem services, while also allowing for more specific discussions on local topics to promote greater awareness of the values of regulating and supporting services among local communities. The study also emphasises empowering local bodies to strengthen community agency with more meaningful participation of educated youth. It advocates for a shift in forest management policies from a punitive to a reward-based approach, helping communities recognise the value of conservation. The preference for FES is not significantly influenced by economic needs (<em>p</em> > 0.05), suggesting that conservation rewards should consider broader benefits that extend beyond financial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 103618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regional economic and employment impacts of industrial decline in the forest sector: Evidence from sawmill closures in Michigan","authors":"Basanta Lamsal , Jagdish Poudel , Raju Pokharel","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the economic impact of sawmill entry and exits in Michigan between 2019 and 2023, a period marked by ongoing structural changes in the industry, including the closure of several large mills and the opening of smaller or mid-sized operations. Using observed employment changes from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) mill survey and Michigan state's Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), we applied an employment-based multiplier analysis to estimate how net sawmill job losses affected the statewide economy. The results show that while only 273 direct jobs were lost due to net changes from sawmill entry and exit during this period, the broader ripple effects were much larger, approximately 820 jobs and $211 million in output loss. These effects were most pronounced in labor-intensive sectors such as logging and transportation, as well as in downstream sectors like wholesale trade and real estate. The findings highlight the central role of sawmills in regional supply chains and states labor markets, with two-thirds of job losses occurring outside the mills themselves. Further, this study contributes new insight into how mill turnover impacts local economies and helps state agencies identify which regions and industries are most vulnerable to future mill closures and allocate economic development resources or transition assistance more effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 103601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}