Forest Policy and Economics最新文献

{"title":"The Seventh International Faustmann Symposium: The Faustmann approach around the world","authors":"David Evison , Peter Deegen , Richard J. Brazee , Bruce Manley","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demystifying the nexus between Forest cover and happiness: A study of global economies","authors":"Bhavya Advani ,&nbsp;Ashis Kumar Pradhan ,&nbsp;Vinita Mohindra ,&nbsp;Nenavath Sreenu","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The quest for happiness is a fundamental human goal, recognized by the United Nations (UN). Understanding the importance of happiness, our study aims to examine the impact of economic, environment, social and political factors in influencing happiness among sixty economies observed over eleven years. Using Generalised method of moments (GMM) and Panel quantile regression (PQR) methodology, our results show that forest cover, GDP per capita, inflation, unemployment, freedom to make life choices, social support and perception of corruption play a significant role in determining happiness. We find that GDP per capita, freedom to make life choices and social support have direct and positive association with happiness while unemployment rate, inflation and perception of corruption negatively influence happiness. However, while using PQR technique in the case of forest cover, we found mixed results; forest cover is significantly and positively related with happiness at 10%, 50% and 75% quantiles whereas negatively related with happiness at 25% and 90% quantiles. We also observe that social support is a major determinant of happiness. The current study identifies objective and subjective indicators to determine overall happiness and recommends hedonic wellbeing policymaking.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic factors influencing the gathering of major non-timber forest products around Nki and boumba-bek national parks, southeastern Cameroon","authors":"E.G.D. Ndo ,&nbsp;E. Akoutou Mvondo ,&nbsp;C.B. Kaldjob ,&nbsp;C. Mfoumou Eyi ,&nbsp;A.N. Sonfo ,&nbsp;M. Dongmo ,&nbsp;T. Fouda ,&nbsp;M. Toda","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural resources are inextricably linked to development processes and socio-economic growth of populations. In sub-Saharan Africa, forest resources are essential to the economic performance of the local communities, many of whom still live-in rural areas. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have the potential to contribute to conservation efforts by reducing pressure on forests. However, despite the extension of the market system to others regions, low appreciation of the socio-economic potential by local people makes NTFPs unattractive as a main source of income. The aim of this study was to identify the main socio-economic factors justifying main NTFP gathering in the vicinity of the Boumba Bek and Nki National Parks, Southeast Cameroon. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 households in 14 villages inhabited by Baka and Bantu. The socio-economic determinants gathering of five main NTFPs, namely <em>Ricinodendron heudelotii, Irvingia gabonensis, Aframomum melegueta, Afrostyrax lepidophyllus</em> and <em>Monodora myristica</em>, were assessed using univariate statistics and logistic regression analysis. For both ethnic groups, NTFPs are harvested for their income-generating potential and availability. Baka gather more NTFPs than the Bantu, but sell their products at a lower price. Bantu, even when producing small quantities, sell their products at high prices. Disparity in production and income between these two ethnic groups reflects their contrasting lifestyles, despite living in the same environment. Income from NTFP gathering is the cosmopolitan variable that explains the quantities collected. In addition, the collectors' age, ethnicity and whether or not they have received training in NTFP collection are also determining variables that explain NTFPs quantities collected. This research shows that species such as <em>I. gabonensis</em> and <em>R. heudelotii</em> should be promoted because of their high economic potential. There is also an urgent need to build the capacity of local populations in NTFP gathering practices and domestication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 103293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superstition and attitudes towards restoration of a mining-degraded forest reserve: Evidence from Ghana","authors":"Lilian Arthur ,&nbsp;Godwin Kofi Vondolia ,&nbsp;Isaac Dasmani","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest restoration has become a worldwide phenomenon to minimise the effects of climate change and global warming. However, in most cases, especially in Africa, communities around forests usually have a cultural attachment to these forests. Consequently, the preferences of fringing communities are important to ensure sustainable forest management. However, there seems to be a lack of understanding about how superstition may affect the attitudes of local communities towards forest restoration. This study aimed to examine the effect of superstition on household attitudes and preferences for restoring the Bonsa River Forest Reserve. Primary data was collected from 611 respondents in the Prestea-Huni Valley Municipality in the Western Region of Ghana and were analysed using mixed logit (ML) and generalized multinomial logit (G-MNL) models. The findings revealed that very superstitious respondents preferred the tree species attributes but did not prefer the soil amendment, backfilling of mined-out areas and biodiversity attributes. These results indicate that local community superstitions should be incorporated into the planning and decision-making process regarding forest restoration management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 103297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The implementation of agroforestry in Namibia: A street-level bureaucracy perspective","authors":"Nicholas P. Ndlovu ,&nbsp;Tendai M. Nzuma","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Street Level Bureaucrats (SLBs) play a crucial role as frontline public officials tasked with implementing policies on the ground. Despite their significance, the specific challenges that they face in the context of agroforestry policy implementation remain understudied. This research aims to fill this gap by investigating the challenges and coping strategies of the SLBs who implement agroforestry policies in Namibia. In addition, we aim to understand how these coping strategies hinder or facilitate the implementation of agroforestry. Drawing upon Lipsky’s theory of Street Level Bureaucracy, a qualitative research approach was employed which included document analysis, on-field observation, and interviews. We interviewed eighteen (18) SLBs from the Forestry and Agriculture departments across five regions in Namibia. The findings show that organisational settings, personal norms, and coping strategies of rationing, husbanding and ambidexterity influence policy implementation and consequently the outcomes of agroforestry initiatives. The study emphasizes the critical role of government support, clear policy formulation, resource alignment, and creating an enabling environment to empower SLBs in their implementation activities. Furthermore, this study contributes to exploring Lipsky’s Street-Level Bureaucracy theory within the context of agroforestry policy implementation, and in settings that are similar to Namibia. We conclude that while the theory offers valuable insights, it may not fully capture the complexity of policy implementation in these contexts, especially considering the influence of informal factors. Acknowledging this, future research should consider integrating the informal and cultural context to better address these complexities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 103299"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389934124001539/pdfft?md5=f27ab5602d234f3775eb9b3aa6b6ccba&pid=1-s2.0-S1389934124001539-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the competition amongst pressure groups to provide ecosystem services on the optimal rotation length of forest stands","authors":"Peter Deegen,&nbsp;Andreas Halbritter","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A significant segment of the variety of forest ecosystem services is neither demanded nor supplied through market exchange, but is provided essentially through political processes. In this paper, we present an economic analysis of forest stand management under consideration of politically provided ecosystem services. In this, competition between pressure groups seeking to grasp privileges plays an important role. We extend the Hartman model with elements of the pressure group models. We incorporate the amount of the reward derived from the political contest, the effectiveness factor of the forest owner in the political competition and the lobbying investment made by the forest owner. We show that the competition amongst pressure groups has a profound impact on the optimal rotation length compared to the classical solution by Faustmann. We discuss, how the competition amongst pressure groups shapes the optimal rotation length when forest stand management provides multiple forest ecosystem services. We also address the levels of the reward derived from the political contest and the effectiveness factor in the context of the urban–rural interface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest carbon under increasing product demand and land use change in the US Southeast","authors":"Jesse D. Henderson ,&nbsp;Robert C. Abt ,&nbsp;Karen L. Abt","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increased demands for timber products remove carbon from forests, however previous literature has suggested that higher resulting prices could spur forestland expansion, ameliorating the forest carbon impacts. We examine the impacts on forest carbon from harvest increases with an empirical forest sector model, coupled with an econometric model of endogenous land use change that differentiates the impacts of population, income, and pine plantation rents among forest management types and non-forest land uses. We explore the sensitivity of forest area and carbon to a suite of scenarios by varying timber product demands combined with a sensitivity analysis on pine plantation responses to pine plantation rents. The econometric results show that pine plantation rents lead to increases in pine plantation area and that all non-urban land uses are negatively related to both per capita income and population. Scenario projections show that (1) higher pulpwood demands driven by wood pellets lead to lower forest carbon outcomes; (2) higher sawtimber demands exacerbate the known cycles in sawtimber prices and result in corresponding cycles in forest area and carbon. All scenarios show increases in forest carbon over time, though some scenarios increase faster than others. Within the study period, the highest forest carbon level is achieved by the high sawtimber demand and low pulpwood demand scenario. Long term growth cycles over the course of the projection period, however, lead to alternating forest carbon outcomes, indicating that conclusions about forest carbon depend on the projection length.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 103296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the plot preferences of forest contractors when purchasing stumpage through conjoint analysis","authors":"Laura Alonso ,&nbsp;Juan Picos ,&nbsp;Maria del Carmen Iglesias-Pérez ,&nbsp;David Iglesias-González ,&nbsp;Julia Armesto","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to have sustainable wood value chains, it is essential to understand the factors that determine the incorporation of wood resources into them. Forest contractors are among the key players in this process. This study evaluates the preferences of forest contractors when purchasing forest parcels. The variables considered are: slope of the terrain, distance to the nearest road, parcel size, parcel shape, and the fragmentation of the surrounding land. The study area is Galicia, a region in northwestern Spain that is dominated by small-scale family forestry<em>.</em> An Attribute Levels Survey was designed to establish threshold values of the considered variables to afterwards perform a Choice Based Conjoint Analysis (CBCA). The CBCA allowed to analyze the preferences of forest contractors in relation to the values of these variables and their relative importance. Also, it allowed to generate a map of the level of preference for all the Galician forest parcels with individual, private ownership. The most noteworthy result of this survey was that size greatly impacts the preference of timber contractors, preceded by slope and followed by distance to roads. These results will aid in the design of landscape-scale policies in a geospatial dimension, like the promotion of forest associations, and will lead to an improvement in the sustainability of wood supply.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 103283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389934124001370/pdfft?md5=23b672c837e46665bff2233e9b78f1b0&pid=1-s2.0-S1389934124001370-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing economic benefits and costs of carbon sinks in boreal rotation forestry","authors":"Vesa-Pekka Parkatti ,&nbsp;Antti Suominen ,&nbsp;Olli Tahvonen ,&nbsp;Pekka Malo","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the optimal enhancement of forest carbon sinks <em>via</em> forest management changes in boreal even-aged Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em>) forests. The economic–ecological stand-level optimization model integrates a statistical–empirical individual-tree growth model with a comprehensive model for carbon in living trees, wood products, and soil. We use reinforcement learning to optimize for rotation length, thinning timing, and thinning intensity. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) pricing has a notable effect on the optimal solutions and on the corresponding CO₂ flows and carbon stocks. Under a 1% interest rate, increasing the CO₂ price from zero to €100 increases the discounted carbon sink by 83% and the total steady-state carbon stock by 122%. Increasing the CO₂ price decreases the economic significance of thinning, and, with a high enough CO₂ price, the stand is harvested only with clear-cuts, which are further postponed by CO₂ price increases. Decreasing stand volume or total C stock cannot be taken as a sign of an overly mature stand. Depending on the CO₂ price and interest rate, the economic benefit–cost ratio of additional carbon sinks <em>via</em> forest management changes varies between 1.9 and 3.7. Overall, the results reveal a high potential to increase the role of boreal managed forests in climate change mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 103249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389934124001035/pdfft?md5=2f225c800cdcac6c9bbe4d689bc23a9a&pid=1-s2.0-S1389934124001035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of tenure arrangements and incentives on sustainable forest use: Evidence from a framed-field experiment in Ethiopia","authors":"Yeshimebet Ayele Tegenie ,&nbsp;Robert Sparrow ,&nbsp;Erwin Bulte ,&nbsp;Frans Bongers","doi":"10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The types of tenurial arrangements and incentives appropriate for the sustainable management of common pool resources (CPRs), such as forests, remain a topic of debate. In this study, we aim to (i) investigate the extraction level of forest resources under short and long-term property rights, and (ii) evaluate the effectiveness of introducing mechanisms that leverage reputation and feelings of guilt in promoting cooperation among CPR users with short-term property rights to reduce over-harvesting. We develop a simple theoretical model to predict the optimal extraction level of a shared forest resource and validate the predictions using data from a framed field experiment conducted in rural Ethiopia. Our findings demonstrate that extraction levels under short-term property rights are higher compared to long-term property rights, aligning with the model predictions. Leveraging reputation and feelings of guilt is effective in bridging the gap in extraction intensity between short- and long-term property rights. However, as implementing reputation requires reliable monitoring that can be costly and challenging in the study context, we propose extending the duration of property rights over shared forest resources as a preferred strategy for curtailing over-extraction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12451,"journal":{"name":"Forest Policy and Economics","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 103280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389934124001345/pdfft?md5=17fac6af3dc12b4e12f2d79a9e78d40d&pid=1-s2.0-S1389934124001345-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}