Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第5页

Calcium chloride poisoning: an autopsy case report and histologic features. 氯化钙中毒：尸检病例报告和组织学特征。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00891-8

Harin Cheong

引用次数: 0

Demographic, co-intoxicants and other characteristics of citalopram-involved overdose deaths. 与西酞普兰有关的用药过量死亡病例的人口统计学特征、共毒物特征和其他特征。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00885-6

José E Muñoz, Marie A Abate, Zheng Dai, Gordon S Smith, James C Kraner, Allen R Mock

{"title":"Demographic, co-intoxicants and other characteristics of citalopram-involved overdose deaths.","authors":"José E Muñoz, Marie A Abate, Zheng Dai, Gordon S Smith, James C Kraner, Allen R Mock","doi":"10.1007/s12024-024-00885-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00885-6","url":null,"abstract":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) including citalopram are commonly used antidepressants that can be involved in drug-related deaths along with opioids and other substances. This study characterized citalopram involvement in West Virginia (WV) drug-related deaths compared to other SSRI and non-SSRI-related deaths. All 2005-2021 WV drug-related deaths were analyzed in this retrospective study. Demographics, other substances involved, and comorbidities in cases in which citalopram was listed on the death certificate were compared to other SSRI-related and total non-SSRI deaths. Citalopram concentrations and the association between citalopram presence with predicted fentanyl concentrations were determined. Citalopram was the most common antidepressant present in the deaths (4.5% of 14,363 total), with most (81%) unintentional. Male: female ratios in citalopram cases (0.9:1) were significantly lower than in non-SSRI deaths (2.3:1). Almost two-thirds of citalopram deaths had ≥ 4 substances involved compared to 26% of non-SSRI deaths. Overall, oxycodone was most frequently identified in citalopram deaths (fentanyl more commonly in recent years), followed by alprazolam and diazepam. Cardiovascular comorbidity was significantly more common in citalopram than non-SSRI deaths. No association was found between citalopram presence and predicted fentanyl concentrations. Most citalopram-related deaths were unintentional and involved proportionately more females, with larger numbers of concurrent substances present and more cardiovascular comorbidity compared to non-SSRI deaths. Citalopram is widely used and less toxic than many antidepressants. The extent to which it contributed to overdose deaths can be difficult to ascertain given the multiple substances usually present.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of substance use in clinical forensic cases: urine analysis of victims and perpetrators. 在临床法医案例中检测药物使用情况：对受害者和施暴者的尿液分析。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00873-w

Pia Johansson Heinsvig, Katinka Rønnow Holler, Christian Lindholst, Trine Skov Nielsen

{"title":"Detection of substance use in clinical forensic cases: urine analysis of victims and perpetrators.","authors":"Pia Johansson Heinsvig, Katinka Rønnow Holler, Christian Lindholst, Trine Skov Nielsen","doi":"10.1007/s12024-024-00873-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00873-w","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the prevalence of substance use among victims and perpetrators involved in clinical forensic cases. Urine samples from 455 individuals aged 18 and above, collected in 2019, were analyzed using two LC-MS-based analytical methods and an HS-GC-FID method for the most frequently reported substances of abuse and medication. Data from case documents, encompassing gender, age, and the individual's role, were recorded in a database. Both the urine samples and the information from case documents were fully anonymized. The most frequently detected substance was alcohol (37% of all cases), followed by cannabis (22% of all cases) and central nervous system stimulants (24% of all cases). Other classes of substances detected included benzodiazepines, anabolic steroids, antipsychotic agents, and antidepressants. No drugs or alcohol were detected in 32% of the victims and 19% of the perpetrators. The study also examines the interrelationship of drug patterns between victims and perpetrators, and results show that both parties were influenced by substances at the time of the incident. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the use of substances between perpetrators of blunt and sharp force cases and perpetrators in cases of sexual assault. Timely sample collection and a structured toxicological analysis of both victims and perpetrators in the same case are vital in clinical forensic cases to enhance comprehension of the connection between criminal activities and substance use. This understanding enables the development of prevention strategies at an informed level.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A fatal poisoning due to consumption of crushed Abrus precatorius seeds: an autopsy case report. 食用碾碎的 Abrus precatorius 种子导致的致命中毒：尸检病例报告。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00880-x

Sathish Ayyappan, Ashok N, Aswini Nivedida Jayakumar, Sreerekha Jinkala

{"title":"A fatal poisoning due to consumption of crushed Abrus precatorius seeds: an autopsy case report.","authors":"Sathish Ayyappan, Ashok N, Aswini Nivedida Jayakumar, Sreerekha Jinkala","doi":"10.1007/s12024-024-00880-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00880-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abrus precatorius is an ornamental plant that belongs to the Leguminoceae family. It contains toxalbumin, named abrin, in all of its parts. However, the seeds are more toxic when consumed in crushed form. Deaths due to abrus seed poisoning are rare. We are reporting a case of suicidal ingestion of crushed abrus precatorius seeds by a 37-year-old female. She presented to the hospital with complaints of multiple episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. She was resuscitated with fluid boluses, followed by a stomach wash and activated charcoal, and referred to our tertiary hospital, where she presented with giddiness, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and epigastric tenderness. On subsequent days, she developed altered sensorium, renal failure, and electrolyte imbalance. She was managed conservatively. Blood investigation revealed elevated leucocyte count, increased urea and creatinine levels, and elevated liver enzymes. She died five days after ingesting the seeds. On autopsy examination, the brain and lungs were congested and edematous. The peritoneal cavity contained around 500mL of straw-colored fluid. Petechial hemorrhages were present over the lungs, heart, and liver surfaces. The mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract was hemorrhagic, the liver showed steatosis, and the kidneys showed congestion and obscuration of the corticomedullary junction. Histopathologically, the lungs showed mild congestion with alveolar edema, the liver showed necrosis with steatosis, and the kidney showed acute tubular necrosis. The toxicology screening was positive for abrin. This case highlights not only the rare fatality following abrus precatorius poisoning but also the toxic nature of this plant.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Classification of 3D shoe prints using the PointNet architecture: proof of concept investigation of binary classification of nike and adidas outsoles. 使用 PointNet 架构对 3D 鞋印进行分类：耐克和阿迪达斯大底二元分类的概念验证研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00877-6

Ramazan Oğuz, Hakkı Halil Babacan, Faruk Aşıcıoğlu, Hüseyin Üvet

{"title":"Classification of 3D shoe prints using the PointNet architecture: proof of concept investigation of binary classification of nike and adidas outsoles.","authors":"Ramazan Oğuz, Hakkı Halil Babacan, Faruk Aşıcıoğlu, Hüseyin Üvet","doi":"10.1007/s12024-024-00877-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00877-6","url":null,"abstract":"Shoe prints are one of the most common types of evidence found at crime scenes, second only to fingerprints. However, studies involving modern approaches such as machine learning and deep learning for the detection and analysis of shoe prints are quite limited in this field. With advancements in technology, positive results have recently emerged for the detection of 2D shoe prints. However, few studies focusing on 3D shoe prints. This study aims to use deep learning methods, specifically the PointNet architecture, for binary classification applications of 3D shoe prints, utilizing two different shoe brands. A 3D dataset created from 160 pairs of shoes was employed for this research. This dataset comprises 797 images from the Adidas brand and 2445 images from the Nike brand. The dataset used in the study includes worn shoe prints. According to the results obtained, the training phase achieved an accuracy of 96%, and the validation phase achieved an accuracy of 93%. These study results are highly positive and indicate promising potential for classifying 3D shoe prints. This study is described as the first classification study conducted using a deep learning method specifically on 3D shoe prints. It provides proof of concept that deep learning research can be conducted on 3D shoeprints. While the developed binary classification of these 3D shoeprints may not fully meet current forensic needs, it will serve as a source of motivation for future research and for the creation of 3D datasets intended for forensic purposes.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic entomology in homicide cases: study of a corpse found inside a buried vehicle. 凶杀案中的法医昆虫学：对掩埋车辆内发现的一具尸体的研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00889-2

Ana Julia Pereira, Gustavo A Breglia, Marcelo H Uzal

{"title":"Forensic entomology in homicide cases: study of a corpse found inside a buried vehicle.","authors":"Ana Julia Pereira, Gustavo A Breglia, Marcelo H Uzal","doi":"10.1007/s12024-024-00889-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00889-2","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic entomology plays a crucial role in death investigations, particularly in estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). This study presents a forensic entomology case involving a corpse found in a buried utility vehicle. The victim was in an advanced state of decomposition, with autopsy findings revealing gunshot wounds. Cadaveric fauna was collected at the scene and during the autopsy. The analysis revealed a diverse insect community, with predominance of Compsomyiops fulvicrura and Piophila casei. The time of development of species like Dermestes maculatus and Necrobia rufipes was used to estimate the minimum PMI. The presence and low abundance of Calliphora vicina, a species preferring lower temperatures, shed light on the seasonal conditions at the time of death and suggested possible body concealment shortly after death. This research is the first to report insects as evidence in a corpse found in a buried vehicle and contributes to the body of knowledge in forensic entomology. The study also suggests that the use of entomological evidence can provide additional information about the season in which the body was concealed, making it a valuable tool in death investigation and crime scene reconstruction. Finally, it emphasizes the need for proper sampling, expert identification, and close collaboration between forensic entomologists and pathologists.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic expertise in evaluation of malpractice or complications in cases of early postpartum hemorrhage. 在评估早期产后出血的不当行为或并发症方面具有法医专业知识。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00893-6

Dubravko Habek

引用次数: 0

Lung densitometry in postmortem computed tomography - comparison across different fatal asphyxia groups. 死后计算机断层扫描中的肺密度测量--不同致命窒息组的比较。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00892-7

Søren Reinhold Jakobsen, Lars Schellerup, Lene Warner Thorup Boel, Kasper Hansen

{"title":"Lung densitometry in postmortem computed tomography - comparison across different fatal asphyxia groups.","authors":"Søren Reinhold Jakobsen, Lars Schellerup, Lene Warner Thorup Boel, Kasper Hansen","doi":"10.1007/s12024-024-00892-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00892-7","url":null,"abstract":"Asphyxia as a cause of death poses a diagnostic challenge in forensic medicine due to both the diversity of underlying mechanisms, and lack of specific markers. Acute emphysema or acute alveolar dilation have long been debated as potential findings in these asphyxia cases. To further explore the supplementary findings in our forensic asphyxia cases, this study applied lung densitometry to pulmonary postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) data. Twenty asphyxia cases (including hanging (n = 9), manual strangulation (n = 4), ligature strangulation (n = 1), smothering (n = 3), and choking (n = 3)) and 21 matched control cases were analysed using lung densitometry parameters - specifically quantification of low attenuation areas (LAA) and the 15th percentile point of lung density (Perc15). Our data revealed statistically significantly higher lung % volume falling within LAA at -950HU (p = 0.04) and - 910HU (p = 0.043) in the asphyxia cases compared to matched controls. The Perc15 values observed were trending towards a lower attenuation corresponding to a lower density in the asphyxia group, although this result was not statistically significant (p = 0.13). A subgroup analysis highlighted potential differences within the asphyxia categories, notably, higher Perc15 values were observed in the choking cases. In conclusion the results from the study support the existing evidence of low pulmonary density as a potential finding in asphyxia cases and demonstrate the potential of applying lung densitometry on pulmonary postmortem computed tomography data.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex assessment from the pelvis: a test of the Phenice (1969) and Klales et al. (2012) methods. 从骨盆进行性别评估：对 Phenice（1969 年）和 Klales 等人（2012 年）方法的测试。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00685-4

Vanessa Rae Jager, Constantine Eliopoulos

{"title":"Sex assessment from the pelvis: a test of the Phenice (1969) and Klales et al. (2012) methods.","authors":"Vanessa Rae Jager, Constantine Eliopoulos","doi":"10.1007/s12024-023-00685-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12024-023-00685-4","url":null,"abstract":"Sex assessment is one of the first steps of routine forensic anthropological examinations and it provides a crucial element to identify a set of human skeletal remains. In bioarchaeological contexts, this assessment is also important, as it helps in the reconstruction of past societies. Sex determination can be achieved by using several morphological or metric traits of the skull and postcranial skeleton, which have been found to have varying degrees of accuracy. In 1969 Phenice proposed a methodology focusing on three traits located on the pubis. These traits were described as either having a female or male morphology with ambiguity being rare. Phenice's method became regularly utilized as it was considered to be reliable. In 2012, Klales and colleagues published a revision of Phenice's method, as they found that it did not capture the variation in the expression of the three traits. Klales and co-authors created a visual ordinal scale of 1-5 for each of the three traits Phenice originally identified, thus adding three extra possible forms of expression. The purpose of the present research was to test both the original and revised methodologies on the same skeletal population in order to evaluate their suitability for the assessment of sex. The Luís Lopes Anthropological collection in Lisbon was used; 117 males and 117 females were scored using both methodologies. The results showed that the original method performed better (96.5% accuracy) than the revised method (92.7%).","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"778-784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10284698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Placenta percreta in primigravida with unscarred uterus complicated by uterine rupture and sudden maternal and fetal death: an autopsy case report. 未受疤痕子宫初产妇的胎盘早剥并发子宫破裂及母体和胎儿猝死：尸检病例报告。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00690-7

Nora F Fnon, Ayman A Hassan, Hanan H Hosney, Ayman K Mohamed, Athar M Khalifa, Enas M A Mostafa, Mahrous A Ibrahim

{"title":"Placenta percreta in primigravida with unscarred uterus complicated by uterine rupture and sudden maternal and fetal death: an autopsy case report.","authors":"Nora F Fnon, Ayman A Hassan, Hanan H Hosney, Ayman K Mohamed, Athar M Khalifa, Enas M A Mostafa, Mahrous A Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s12024-023-00690-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12024-023-00690-7","url":null,"abstract":"Placenta percreta is a rare, aggressive, and severe form of the placenta accreta spectrum. One of its most devastating effects is the sudden rupture of uterus. Uterine scarring is the leading risk factor for uterine rupture, although it can also happen, but rarely, in an unscarred uterus showing more severe repercussions. The present study reported a case of an Egyptian primigravida female, aged 29 years old, at 32 weeks of gestation who died suddenly due to uterine rupture complicating placenta percreta, the diagnosis of which was first settled during autopsy. There was no history of abdominal trauma. No medical history of significance was present. Autopsy denoted an intrauterine fetal death of 32 weeks gestational age. The fundus of the uterus had a laceration (rupture) of the uterine wall including the serosa and myometrium. The placenta has extensively infiltrated the fundus uterine wall and penetrated the myometrium and serosa. Histopathological examination of the ruptured site on the uterus confirms total invasion of the uterine wall by chorionic villi with the presence of hemorrhage and fibrin indicating placenta percreta. Uterine rupture due to placenta percreta may go unnoticed, especially when no associated high-risk factors exist. The current case depicts that placenta percreta is a rare but critical complication of pregnancy that may exist at any stage of pregnancy without any associated high-risk factors with unusual symptoms and leads to uterine rupture and sudden death.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"965-970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10078595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0