Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology最新文献

Electrical effect on probe wounds after long time exposure with a new generation conducted electrical weapon (Taser T10®) on human volunteers. 在人类志愿者身上长时间暴露于新一代传导电武器（泰瑟T10®）后对探针伤口的电效应。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01025-4

S N Kunz, J D Ho, D M Dawes, J R Miner

{"title":"Electrical effect on probe wounds after long time exposure with a new generation conducted electrical weapon (Taser T10®) on human volunteers.","authors":"S N Kunz, J D Ho, D M Dawes, J R Miner","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01025-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01025-4","url":null,"abstract":"Conducted electrical weapons (CEWs) are widely employed by law enforcement agencies globally to manage and restrain potentially violent individuals. As newer generations of these weapons are introduced, it is crucial to assess their effectiveness and safety profiles. The TASER 10 (T10) represents a significant advancement, utilizing an independently targeted probe system with floating polarities, enabling any two probes to establish a connection. This design enhances its versatility and operational effectiveness compared to earlier models. In scenarios requiring use over greater distances- such as deployment via drones-prolonged electrical exposure may be necessary to bridge the gap to the subject and secure control of the situation. The extended exposure duration associated with these probes may result in altered wound mechanisms and morphological features. This study examines the morphological wound characteristics of 20-30 s of electrical exposure delivered through hand-placed dart electrodes of the T10 CEW. To our knowledge, this represents the first human study to investigate potential electrical injuries resulting from extended-duration exposure with the T10 CEW.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rare case of postmortem diagnosis of penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer rupture in the ascending aorta. 死后诊断为升主动脉穿透性动脉粥样硬化性溃疡破裂的罕见病例。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01034-3

Lorenzo Tornese, Vincenzo Cianci, Daniela Sapienza, Giovanni Bartoloni, Patrizia Gualniera, Alessio Asmundo, Cristina Mondello

引用次数: 0

Increasing the performance of the bullet core by changing the geometry. an experimental and numerical study. 通过改变弹芯的几何形状来提高弹芯的性能。实验和数值研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01024-5

Ender Çelik, Ali Koç

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of postmortem histopathological changes in dental pulp of rats after drowning in water. 溺水大鼠死后牙髓组织病理学变化的评价。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01033-4

Tugba Ataseven, Selcuk Cetin, Umit Simsek, Bülent Eren, Reşit Doğan Koseoğlu

{"title":"Evaluation of postmortem histopathological changes in dental pulp of rats after drowning in water.","authors":"Tugba Ataseven, Selcuk Cetin, Umit Simsek, Bülent Eren, Reşit Doğan Koseoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01033-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01033-4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our study was to demonstrate the histopathological changes in the dental pulp of rats drowned in water. In our study, 48 rats (eight rats per group) were used. Death of the rats in the control group was induced with high-dose anesthesia. The remaining groups, except for the control group, were placed in containers filled with water after dissociative anesthesia. Rats that died due to drowning were dissected after 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. In all groups, samples taken from both lung tissues were stained with H&E and analyzed for findings supporting drowning. After decalcification, molar tooth samples of the rats were stained with H&E and examined under a light microscope. Pulpal stromal edema, cytoplasmic enlargement, vascular enlargement, perivascular edema, and separation of the odontoblast cell group from the dentin layer were evaluated using four grades. Chi-Square test was used for comparison between groups. P was set than 0.05. In our study, statistically significant differences were found between the control group and Group 2 (PM 0th hour) for some of the evaluated parameters. Statistically significant parameters were observed between Group 2 and some groups maintained in water at different time intervals. It is seen that the changes in the dental pulp are promising to support the diagnosis of drowning. It is thought that this will be useful to support other studies to be conducted in the future.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of human remains in case of transgender individuals in forensic anthropology: a systematic review. 法医人类学中跨性别个体的遗骸鉴定：系统回顾。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01030-7

Viana Elisabetta, Selvaggi Gennaro, Milani Chantal

{"title":"Identification of human remains in case of transgender individuals in forensic anthropology: a systematic review.","authors":"Viana Elisabetta, Selvaggi Gennaro, Milani Chantal","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01030-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01030-7","url":null,"abstract":"During anthropological analysis of human skeletal remains, sex assessment is a key step in forensic identification of individuals. For transgender individuals, complications can arise during the estimation of biological sex, as physical characteristics may not correspond with the documented gender recorded at registration of the missing person with authorities. In this systematic review, we analyzed the current literature focusing on methods employed for state-of-the-art identification of skeletal remains of transgender and gender-diverse individuals in forensic anthropology, including the effects on the skeleton of gender-affirming hormone therapy and/or facial gender-affirmation surgery. Our findings support the need for additional studies using larger sample sizes and control groups involving different treatment regimens or longitudinal studies at different follow-up intervals. Furthermore, studies suggest that the impact of surgery involving the skull may provide identifying elements due either to the presence of surgical artifacts, traces of materials used for implants, or the possible incongruence with the pelvis in cases of sex estimation. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of these anatomical aspects on outcomes related to forensic anthropology.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ruptured palmar pseudoaneurysm after carpal tunnel surgery. 腕管手术后掌假性动脉瘤破裂。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01032-5

Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Lorena Ferraroli, Alessandro Del Gobbo, Riccardo Zoja

{"title":"Ruptured palmar pseudoaneurysm after carpal tunnel surgery.","authors":"Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Lorena Ferraroli, Alessandro Del Gobbo, Riccardo Zoja","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01032-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01032-5","url":null,"abstract":"Rupture of a pseudoaneurysm of the superficial palmar arch after surgical release of the carpal tunnel is an extremely rare and still debated occurrence. Only a few cases have been described in the literature, none of which were fatal. In this report, we present a single case that came to our attention, in which an elderly man suffered a fatal haemorrhage due to the rupture of a palmar pseudoaneurysm 22 days after surgical carpal tunnel release. Autopsy examination confirmed the presence of a breach in the large palmar hematoma as the sole source of bleeding. Histologic examination in some of the serial sections of the suprafascial hematoma revealed a ruptured arterial pseudoaneurysmal cavity. Based on these findings, the man's death could be attributed to acute haemorrhage due to the rupture of the palmar pseudoaneurysm. Further studies are required to investigate whether there is actually a causal link with the surgical release of the carpal tunnel but the current evidence suggest that this may be possible. The case is therefore reported to the forensic scientific community due to its exceptional occurrence and its potential implications.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in craniofacial reconstruction: approaches and applications in forensics. 颅面重建的进展：方法及其在法医学上的应用。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01031-6

Noreen Asghar, Saadia Noreen, Umar Javed, Faryad Ali

{"title":"Advancements in craniofacial reconstruction: approaches and applications in forensics.","authors":"Noreen Asghar, Saadia Noreen, Umar Javed, Faryad Ali","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01031-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01031-6","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic craniofacial reconstruction deals with recreating a person's facial features from the skull by combining anatomy archeology, anthropology and statistical approaches. When DNA analysis gives inconclusive results, the investigative leads directed towards craniofacial reconstruction. This review article sheds light on advances of CFR from manual techniques of clay and tissue depth markers historical methodologies such as the American, Manchester, and Russian methods, along with forensic photography and superimposition to AI driven methods that evaluate diverse applications in forensics. The articles from PubMed, Google scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus are incorporated in relevant sections. Results of this research reveal that 3D scanning, virtual modeling, and artificially enhanced reconstruction approaches along several applications of CFR with advanced imaging techniques, such as high-resolution CT and MRI scans, identifies gaps existing in the literatures, and further recommends prospective directions to enhance scientific contributions and real-world applications i.e. mass disaster identifications or creating lifelike depictions or historical figures for museums. Critical discussion also illustrates strength and weakness of methodologies, future perspectives that are aimed at maximizing advances in digital methods i.e. holography, forensic DNA phenotyping to achieve higher accuracy, provide ethical backbone, and garner public engagement or acceptance with CFR, thus strengthening it as an indispensable aspect to forensic and anthropological research.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation trauma: retrospective analysis of skeletal and visceral injuries in autopsy findings. 心肺复苏后创伤：尸检结果中骨骼和内脏损伤的回顾性分析。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01028-1

Cemyigit Deveci, Batuhan Turgut, Mehmet Atilgan

{"title":"Post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation trauma: retrospective analysis of skeletal and visceral injuries in autopsy findings.","authors":"Cemyigit Deveci, Batuhan Turgut, Mehmet Atilgan","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01028-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01028-1","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates skeletal and visceral injuries associated with CPR, providing insights for clinicians and forensic experts. A retrospective analysis of 520 autopsy cases, selected from 2,508 conducted between 2021 and 2022 in Türkiye, was performed. Inclusion criteria focused on cases receiving CPR post-cardiac arrest, excluding pre-existing thoracic or abdominal trauma. Data were analyzed for demographic variables, injury types, and correlations with age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Rib fractures were identified in 56.7% of cases, with a median of 9 fractures. Sternum fractures occurred in 42.9%, more frequently in females (55.4% vs. 38.7%; OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.50-3.74) and older individuals. Rib fractures were associated with age and BMI, whereas sternum fractures correlated with age and female gender. Lung (13.5%) and cardiac (5.4%) contusions were the most common. Younger individuals (0-17 years) showed fewer skeletal injuries but higher rates of isolated visceral trauma. Skeletal injuries were prevalent in individuals > 50 years, whereas visceral injuries were more common in younger cases. CPR-related injuries exhibit significant variation across demographics. Awareness of these patterns is vital for improving resuscitation protocols and post-CPR evaluations, potentially minimizing trauma.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of common drug metabolites in urine using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）检测尿液中常见药物代谢物。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01017-4

Yawen Yu, Tangdong Chen, Lijuan Yuan, Mao Sun, Yuanming Wu

{"title":"Detection of common drug metabolites in urine using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).","authors":"Yawen Yu, Tangdong Chen, Lijuan Yuan, Mao Sun, Yuanming Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01017-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01017-4","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to establish a rapid, non-invasive methodology for the detection of drug abuse through the identification of common urinary drug metabolites utilizing attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was employed to detect and differentiate metabolites of heroin (6-AM), ecstasy (MDA), and cocaine (BE) in urine samples across a range of concentrations. Advanced chemometric approaches, encompassing principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were applied to construct robust discriminative models. Spectral data from both the fingerprint region and the full spectral range were analyzed to maximize analytical precision. The proposed ATR-FTIR method demonstrated remarkable sensitivity, achieving detection of drug metabolites in urine at concentrations as low as 0.02 mg/mL without necessitating sample separation or extraction steps. The OPLS-DA model exhibited superior discriminative performance, effectively distinguishing all three metabolites in both calibration and validation sets. These findings underscore the potential of integrating ATR-FTIR with chemometrics for the development of a rapid and reliable drug screening tool. This pilot investigation demonstrates that the integration of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy with chemometric analysis represents a highly promising strategy for the detection of urinary drug metabolites, circumventing the need for complex sample pretreatment procedures. This approach offers a novel, efficient, and non-invasive solution for the rapid identification of drug abuse, with substantial implications for forensic medicine and public health surveillance.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Fatal stray dog attack in Russian federation: a case report based on CCTV Documentation. 更正：俄罗斯联邦致命的流浪狗袭击：一个基于CCTV文件的案例报告。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01027-2

Galina Zolotenkova, Rizky Merdietio Boedi, Oleg Viktorovich Lysenko, Nikolaos Angelakopoulos

引用次数: 0