Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第10页

Modified Demirjian's method for dental age estimation in Kosovar children and adolescents. 改进了科索沃儿童和青少年牙齿年龄估计的Demirjian方法。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01061-0

Jeta Kelmendi, Rizky Merdietio Boedi, Marin Vodanovic, Donika Ilijazi Shahiqi, Bleron Azizi, Nikolaos Angelakopoulos

{"title":"Modified Demirjian's method for dental age estimation in Kosovar children and adolescents.","authors":"Jeta Kelmendi, Rizky Merdietio Boedi, Marin Vodanovic, Donika Ilijazi Shahiqi, Bleron Azizi, Nikolaos Angelakopoulos","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01061-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12024-025-01061-0","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim was to provide normative data on dental age estimation in the Kosovar population, to evaluate the relationship between customized maturity scores and the original Demirjian method, and to assess the accuracy of these scores in a sample of Kosovar children and adolescents.Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 1106 digital panoramic radiographs randomly selected from 6- to 16-year-old patients treated at the University Dentistry Clinical Center of Kosovo. Only those images that were diagnostically acceptable, thus showing at least the left mandibular teeth, were included in the study to assess the developmental stage accurately.Results: Dental age estimates derived from the Kosovar normative tables were comparable to those based on maturity scores for the French-Canadian population. In girls aged 7.5-13 years and boys aged 7.5-12 years, dental maturity correlated strongly. However, the French-Canadian model overestimated age significantly compared to the Kosovar sample, where dental maturity started at about 6 years and peaked at 7 years. The Spearman's rho of the relationship between dental ages determined by Demirjian's method and maturity scores obtained from both populations was 0.997 for girls and 0.988 for boys. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the need for population-specific adaptations of the Demirjian method and proves that modification of the method provides more reliable results when compared to the Kosovar population. The results indicate the possibility of further refinement of the Demirjian method for specific populations in order to improve the applicability and precision of the most commonly used method for age estimation.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatal toxic shock syndrome following tattooing. 纹身后的致命中毒性休克综合症。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01068-7

Kristin Schreiner, Marek Balikowski

{"title":"Fatal toxic shock syndrome following tattooing.","authors":"Kristin Schreiner, Marek Balikowski","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01068-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01068-7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but potentially fatal condition caused by toxin-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus. While typically associated with menstruation or postoperative complications, non-menstrual forms related to skin trauma, including tattooing, are increasingly recognized.Case presentation: We report the sudden death of a woman in her early thirties who had experienced dizziness and circulatory instability in the days preceding death. She had recently undergone multiple tattoo sessions for a full-arm (\"sleeve\") tattoo. At medicolegal external examination, no traumatic injuries were found apart from a recent tattoo-associated skin lesion but the postmortem rectal temperature was elevated at 41.1 °C. Autopsy revealed white mucous content in the airways and widespread coagulated blood in major vessels, but no morphological cause of death. Postmortem blood cultures grew Staphylococcus aureus, and PCR confirmed the presence of the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) gene. Histological examination of the tattooed skin demonstrated granulocytic infiltration consistent with acute local inflammation. Findings were interpreted as consistent with fulminant TSS, with the tattooed skin as a plausible bacterial entry site.Conclusion: This case emphasizes the need to consider TSS as a differential diagnosis in sudden deaths with systemic inflammatory features, particularly when recent skin trauma is present. Postmortem microbiological and molecular diagnostics are crucial in establishing this rare diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Severe illness as a risk factor for live burial. 严重疾病是活埋的危险因素。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01070-z

Barbara Dóra Halasi, Beáta Ágnes Borsay, Tamás Gergő Harsányi, Róbert Kristóf Pórszász, Péter Attila Gergely

{"title":"Severe illness as a risk factor for live burial.","authors":"Barbara Dóra Halasi, Beáta Ágnes Borsay, Tamás Gergő Harsányi, Róbert Kristóf Pórszász, Péter Attila Gergely","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01070-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01070-z","url":null,"abstract":"Asphyxiation due to airway obstruction by sand is a rare occurrence, predominantly associated with accidental environmental or occupational hazards. Cases involving intentional live burial as a means of homicide are scarcely reported in forensic literature. This report presents an unusual case in which a severely ill victim was buried alive without resistance, ultimately succumbing to mechanical asphyxiation. A 32-year-old woman, suffering from perforated duodenal ulcer and peritonitis, was buried in a shallow grave inside a shed by the partner, under the mistaken belief that death had already occurred. Autopsy findings revealed pulmonary overinflation and airway obstruction by soil, confirmed through polarized light microscopy. The absence of coercive measures, alcohol, or drugs in toxicology results suggests that the victim's critical medical condition rendered her incapable of resisting. The forensic investigation provided key evidence distinguishing live burial from post-mortem concealment, proving that death resulted from asphyxiation rather than natural disease progression. This case highlights the vital role of forensic pathology in differentiating between accidental and intentional deaths, emphasizing the need for detailed forensic analyses in cases involving potential live burial. Moreover, it raises awareness that critically ill individuals may reach a state of physical exhaustion where they cannot respond to life-threatening situations, inadvertently facilitating misjudgements that can result in fatal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to comment on "Characteristics, mechanisms, and medicolegal perspectives of fatal cardiothoracic injuries in a tertiary care center". 对“三级医疗中心致死性心胸损伤的特点、机制和医学法律观点”评论的回应。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01067-8

Asmaa F Sharif, Nadia Ezzat Helal, Mai Mohammed Mahran, Heba Ibrahim Lashin

引用次数: 0

Preservation of a corpse in a zinc coffin - autopsy 47 years postmortem. 锌棺保存尸体-死后47年的尸检。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01065-w

E Doberentz, I Duval, B Madea

引用次数: 0

Behind the scenes of deaths of swimming adults in the water: sudden cardiac deaths. 在水中游泳的成年人死亡的幕后：心脏猝死。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01062-z

Caner Beşkoç, Yasemin Balcı, Ufuk İlingi, Füsun Çallak, Ömer Çelik

{"title":"Behind the scenes of deaths of swimming adults in the water: sudden cardiac deaths.","authors":"Caner Beşkoç, Yasemin Balcı, Ufuk İlingi, Füsun Çallak, Ömer Çelik","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01062-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01062-z","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major global public health concern. However, the complex interplay between cardiac pathologies and drowning-related deaths remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the physiological and pathological mechanisms underlying sudden aquatic deaths by evaluating the cardiovascular effects of swimming.Methods: An extensive dataset was analyzed, including demographic features, death circumstances, detailed autopsy findings, especially macroscopic and microscopic cardiac evaluations, and final causes of death from 222 of the 5267 cases examined over a 10-year period.Results: Cardiac pathologies were identified in 72.9% of cases through macroscopic examinations and in 75.7% of cases through microscopic analyses. The most common macroscopic findings included cardiac hypertrophy and significant coronary artery atherosclerosis. Histopathological examinations revealed frequent cases of myocardial hypertrophy, chronic ischemic changes, and old infarct scars. Acute myocardial infarction was detected in 3.6% of the patients. Despite detailed autopsy and histological analyses in 8.6% of cases, no macroscopic or microscopic pathologies could be identified, suggesting the potential role of molecular cardiac disorders, such as channelopathies. Toxicological analysis revealed that 35.1% of cases involved consumption of active cardiovascular drugs.Conclusion: Sudden cardiac death among swimmers in aquatic environments is strongly associated with pre-existing or latent cardiovascular conditions. Integration of molecular autopsy techniques is recommended to better elucidate unexplained deaths. Further, awareness of the underlying cardiac risk factors for drowning should be increased among forensic experts, clinicians, and public health authorities.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of bloodstains time since deposition based on ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in forensic laboratorie. 基于ATR-FTIR光谱法的法医实验室血迹沉积时间估计。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01060-1

Sheng Liu, Zhenqing Zhang, Yun Jiang, Fangjian Ye, Feng Chen, Lei Miao, Shouqing Liu

{"title":"Estimation of bloodstains time since deposition based on ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in forensic laboratorie.","authors":"Sheng Liu, Zhenqing Zhang, Yun Jiang, Fangjian Ye, Feng Chen, Lei Miao, Shouqing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01060-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01060-1","url":null,"abstract":"The age of bloodstains at a crime scene provides key information for criminal investigation and interpretation, with important implications in forensic medicine. In this study, silica gel was used as a carrier for bloodstains with different ages to simulate a porous wall surface at an indoor crime scene. A method was developed for bloodstain dating based on attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and neural networks. Venous blood samples were collected from nine healthy volunteers, and ATR spectra were recorded at five points for each sample during a period of 7 days. The neural networks TRAINSCG, TRAINLM, and TRANGDM were constructed. The training dataset was the ATR spectra (4,000-600 cm- 1) of samples collected from seven participants (YP1-YP7) and recorded at five points over 7 days (a total of 245 spectra). The prediction dataset was 70 spectra from two participants (YP8 and YP9). The prediction accuracy of the neural networks was compared with different numbers of hidden layers and neurons. The key absorption peaks at 1800-1300 cm- 1 were used for neural network training and bloodstain dating. The neural network trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm based on ATR spectra (1800-1300 cm- 1) was used for predicting the age of bloodstains on silica gel. The coefficient of determination (R2) for predicted and actual bloodstain ages was up to 0.9215 after removing outliers. ATR used in combination with neural networks provides a non-destructive and rapid method for bloodstain dating. Neural networks constructed using different algorithms showed varying performance in bloodstain dating with ATR. Prediction accuracy was improved with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and key peaks.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic analysis of formalin-fixed non-paraffin-embedded tissues: a comparative study of STR and mtDNA profiling. 福尔马林固定非石蜡包埋组织的法医分析：STR和mtDNA分析的比较研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01051-2

Kangana Aggarwal, Nidhi Sharma, Braja Kishore Mohapatra, Kamal Chauhan, Harpreet Singh, Chittaranjan Behera

{"title":"Forensic analysis of formalin-fixed non-paraffin-embedded tissues: a comparative study of STR and mtDNA profiling.","authors":"Kangana Aggarwal, Nidhi Sharma, Braja Kishore Mohapatra, Kamal Chauhan, Harpreet Singh, Chittaranjan Behera","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01051-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01051-2","url":null,"abstract":"Formalin fixation is a common practice for preserving forensic samples in developing countries like India, but it can adversely affect DNA quality and hinder downstream molecular analyses. This study investigated the effectiveness of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing in formalin-fixed, non-paraffin-embedded tissues when conventional Short Tandem Repeat (STR) profiling fails due to DNA degradation. Tissue samples from 30 deceased individuals were fixed in 10% unbuffered formalin and divided into four groups based on fixation duration (1-4 weeks). DNA was extracted, quantified, and subjected to STR profiling. Samples with incomplete STR profiles underwent mtDNA sequencing targeting the hypervariable regions to assess maternal lineage and haplogroup distribution. DNA quantification revealed significant degradation across all groups, with decreasing DNA concentrations over time. STR profiling showed limited success, with only 13 out of 27 loci amplified in group 1 and 7 loci in group 2, while groups 3 and 4 yielded no STR profiles. In contrast, mtDNA typing was successful in all samples, revealing distinct haplogroups and haplotypes. Haplogroup M was the most prevalent (50%), with 12 distinct subhaplogroups identified. The presence of East Asian (A11, G1b) and West Eurasian (H10g, T2H2, HV2a, U, R) haplogroups reflects historical migrations and admixture in the Indian population. The study highlights the limitations of STR profiling in formalin-fixed tissues and demonstrate the robustness of mtDNA typing. Incorporating mtDNA analysis into forensic protocols can enhance the reliability and comprehensiveness of DNA profiling results, particularly when dealing with challenging samples. Further research is needed to refine tissue preservation methods and optimize DNA recovery from formalin-fixed tissues to advance molecular analyses in forensic and retrospective studies.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A sudden death case due to untreated massive mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. 卵巢大量粘液囊腺瘤未经治疗而猝死1例。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01059-8

Akiko Ishigami, Wei Zhang, Miyu Osako, Yuko Ishida, Yumi Kuninaka, Mizuho Nosaka, Hiroki Yamamoto, Toshikazu Kondo

{"title":"A sudden death case due to untreated massive mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary.","authors":"Akiko Ishigami, Wei Zhang, Miyu Osako, Yuko Ishida, Yumi Kuninaka, Mizuho Nosaka, Hiroki Yamamoto, Toshikazu Kondo","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01059-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01059-8","url":null,"abstract":"We herein report a case of sudden death from massive mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. A female in her 70s was found dead with an enlarged abdomen. Forensic autopsy was performed to identify the cause of death. Postmortem computed tomography showed a large amount of intra-abdominal fluid pushing against intraperitoneal organs. The deceased was 152 cm in height and weighed 85 kg. The abdomen was enlarged with a girth of 133 cm. A left ovarian cyst was detected and contained 32 L of a dark brown fluid. The uterus and ovaries weighed 1200 g. The heart weighed 400 g, and atherosclerosis was noted in the left coronary artery and aorta. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to death were considered to be multifactorial. The massive ovarian cyst increased intra-abdominal pressure and produced a cephalic shift in the diaphragm. This may have had a negative impact on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems by (a) increasing the heart rate, (b) decreasing lung compliance, (c) increasing the respiratory rate, (d) increasing maximum inspiratory pressure, (e) increasing mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance, (f) reducing femoral venous return, (g) compressing the inferior vena cava, and (h) decreasing venous return. This, in turn, increased susceptibility to hypoxia in addition to the underlying ischemic heart disease. We diagnosed the cause of death as acute circulation failure due to myocardial ischemia based on intra-abdominal hypertension as a result of the massive ovarian cyst.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrical effect on probe wounds after long time exposure with a new generation conducted electrical weapon (Taser T10^®) on human volunteers. 在人类志愿者身上长时间暴露于新一代传导电武器（泰瑟T10®）后对探针伤口的电效应。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01064-x

Hareem Israr, Anousheh Malak, Salwa Nasir Qazi, Sara Ali, Syeda Malala Sadiq

引用次数: 0