Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第9页

The Yemeni genetic structure revealed by the Y chromosome STRs. Y 染色体 STR 揭示的也门遗传结构。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-00975-z

Khalid Al-Shoba, Nabil Al-Hamadi, Eida Khalaf Almohammed, Sibte Hadi, William Goodwin, Hayder Lazim

{"title":"The Yemeni genetic structure revealed by the Y chromosome STRs.","authors":"Khalid Al-Shoba, Nabil Al-Hamadi, Eida Khalaf Almohammed, Sibte Hadi, William Goodwin, Hayder Lazim","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-00975-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12024-025-00975-z","url":null,"abstract":"Yemen, with its rich historical background and strategic geographical position at a major crossroads of trade and migration, offers an ideal setting for exploring population genetics. This study aimed to develop a Y-STR database for a Yemeni population and compare it with existing regional databases in the Middle East. For this investigation, buccal swabs were collected from 128 unrelated males. Genomic DNA was extracted using the QIAamp® DNA Mini Kit, and Y-chromosomal STR profiling was performed with the AmpFℓSTR® Yfiler™ PCR Amplification Kit to generate haplotype data across 17 Y-STR loci. The final dataset exhibited a haplotype diversity of 0.008 and a discrimination capacity of 0.95. Among the STR loci assessed, DYS458 emerged as the most polymorphic, displaying a gene diversity of 0.87 and accounting for the majority of microvariant alleles (62.5%). Additionally, haplogroup analysis using the NevGen haplogroup predictor tool revealed two predominant haplogroups within this Yemeni population: J1a (59.37%) and E1b1b (21.09%). Comparisons with 52 Middle Eastern populations (encompassing 5,568 individuals) through multidimensional scaling, phylogenetic assessments, admixture analyses, and ancestry variability evaluations collectively underscore the unique genetic landscape of Yemen. Overall, the combined findings indicate evidence of a potential founder effect within the Yemeni population. Taken together, these data not only enrich the forensic and population genetic understanding of the region but also emphasize Yemen's pivotal role in illuminating migration and demographic processes in the Middle East.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1196-1212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The art of peer reviewing. 同行评审的艺术

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00905-5

Roger W Byard

引用次数: 0

Penetrating skull stab. 穿透颅骨的刺伤。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00926-0

Claas Buschmann, Johanna Preuß-Wössner, Christoph Meißner

引用次数: 0

Correction: Fatal stray dog attack in Russian federation: a case report based on CCTV Documentation. 更正：俄罗斯联邦致命的流浪狗袭击：一个基于CCTV文件的案例报告。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01027-2

Galina Zolotenkova, Rizky Merdietio Boedi, Oleg Viktorovich Lysenko, Nikolaos Angelakopoulos

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the accuracy of root transparency and periodontosis age estimation models in a Portuguese population. 评估牙根透明度和牙周病年龄估计模型在葡萄牙人群中的准确性。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01000-z

Viviana Rocha, Flávia Mendes, Maria Lurdes Pereira, Inês Morais Caldas

{"title":"Evaluating the accuracy of root transparency and periodontosis age estimation models in a Portuguese population.","authors":"Viviana Rocha, Flávia Mendes, Maria Lurdes Pereira, Inês Morais Caldas","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01000-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12024-025-01000-z","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of existing dental age estimation models, including the Lamendin, Prince & Ubelaker, Fialho, and modified Fialho methods, within a Portuguese population. Dental techniques, particularly those involving root transparency and periodontosis, are examined due to their relevance in forensic age estimation. A sample of 166 single-rooted teeth from individuals aged 30 to 86 was analyzed. Measurements included root transparency, periodontosis, and tooth and root length. Statistical methods were applied to assess the reliability and accuracy of each model in estimating age, considering the potential influence of environmental and lifestyle factors on dental aging. Root transparency emerged as a robust age indicator, consistently correlating with chronological age. In contrast, periodontosis introduced variability due to external influences, reducing its reliability. The modified Fialho model, which focuses solely on root transparency, showed the highest accuracy, suggesting that eliminating periodontosis from the estimation process may enhance reliability in populations where environmental factors heavily affect dental aging. The findings underscore the importance of population-specific adjustments in dental age estimation models. By refining methods like the modified Fialho model, forensic investigations can achieve more accurate results, particularly in populations where external factors influence periodontosis.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1101-1111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suicide by sodium nitrite ingestion: a systematic review. 摄入亚硝酸钠自杀：一项系统综述。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01066-9

Edoardo Mazzini, Alessandro Feola, Ilaria Fracassi, Anna Carfora, Antonietta Porzio, Santina Alessandra Severino, Mariavictoria De Simone, Carlo Pietro Campobasso

{"title":"Suicide by sodium nitrite ingestion: a systematic review.","authors":"Edoardo Mazzini, Alessandro Feola, Ilaria Fracassi, Anna Carfora, Antonietta Porzio, Santina Alessandra Severino, Mariavictoria De Simone, Carlo Pietro Campobasso","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01066-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01066-9","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is an odorless inorganic compound appearing as a yellowish to white powder, primarily used as a food additive. An alarming increasing trend in suicides involving NaNO2 ingestion has been recently observed. The aim of this study is to present a systematic review of intentional NaNO2 poisonings, focusing on the epidemiological characteristics of the victims, their psychiatric history, the setting and circumstances of death, as well as autopsy, histological and toxicological results. A total of 24 papers satisfied the inclusion criteria reporting 94 suicides by NaNO2 ingestion. Most victims were male (62.8%), belonging to the 13-40-year-old age group. Psychiatric history was available in 43 cases, with depression being the most reported disorder (19 cases). Autopsy and/or external examination were performed in 63 cases, mostly showing unspecific signs of asphyxia and dark discoloration of the hypostasis and blood. Methemoglobin (Met-Hb) levels in blood were available in 49 suicides, ranging from 6 to 92%. In 35 cases levels exceeded 30%, with 19 victims showing concentrations above 50%. Nitrites (NO2) and nitrates (NO3) were analyzed from different biological samples including blood, urine, gastric content, and other tissues. NO2 were detected in 44 cases, while NO3 in 30 victims. Blood was the most analyzed matrix with NO2 and NO3 concentrations ranging from 0.03 µg/mL to 372.65 µg/mL and from 0.899 µg/mL to 1,597.9 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, a case of fatal self-poisoning by oral ingestion of NaNO2, which came to the author's attention, is presented.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Postmortem diagnostics. 后期诊断。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01073-w

Wouter Van Den Bogaert

引用次数: 0

Radiomic analysis of postmortem lung changes: a PMCT-based approach for estimating the postmortem interval. 死后肺变化的放射组学分析：一种基于pmct的估计死后间隔的方法。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01071-y

Fabio De-Giorgio, Michele Guerreri, Luca Boldrini, Roberto Gatta, Eva Bergamin, Matteo Mancino, Evis Sala, Vincenzo L Pascali

{"title":"Radiomic analysis of postmortem lung changes: a PMCT-based approach for estimating the postmortem interval.","authors":"Fabio De-Giorgio, Michele Guerreri, Luca Boldrini, Roberto Gatta, Eva Bergamin, Matteo Mancino, Evis Sala, Vincenzo L Pascali","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01071-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01071-y","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an investigation of the potential of radiomic features extracted from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) scans of the lungs to provide valuable insights into the postmortem interval (PMI), a crucial parameter in forensic medicine. Sequential PMCT scans were performed on 17 bodies with known times of death, ranging from 4 to 108 h postmortem. Radiomic features were extracted from the lungs, and a mixed-effects model, tailored for sequential data, was employed to assess the relationship between feature values and the PMI. Four model variants were tested to identify the most suitable functional form for describing this association. Several statistically significant trends between the PMI and radiomic features were observed, with twelve distinct features demonstrating selective relevance to postmortem changes in the lungs. Notably, cluster shade, a grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) feature, significantly decreased with the PMI, the median intensity increased over time, and the root mean squared feature values tended to decrease. The retained features included first-order statistical metrics, shape-based characteristics, and second-order texture attributes, which may reflect alterations such as gas formation and structural modifications within the lungs. This study highlights the potential of PMCT scan-based radiomics as a complementary tool to enhance existing postmortem interval estimation methods. These findings reinforce the role of quantitative imaging techniques in forensic investigations.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic implication of Zinc sulfide and Zinc sulfide Nanoparticles toxicity on muscle histopathology and postmortem changes in rats. 硫化锌和硫化锌纳米颗粒毒性对大鼠肌肉组织病理学和死后变化的法医意义。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01072-x

Asmaa F A Dawood, Hanan M Alharbi, Nawaf Al Khashram, Dalia A Hamad, Leila H Sayed, Hanem S Abdel-Tawab, Nermeen N Welson, Fatma El-Zahraa A Abd El-Aziz

引用次数: 0

Exploring minimally invasive tissue sampling as an alternative to conventional autopsy in neonatal deaths. 探索微创组织取样作为常规尸检在新生儿死亡中的替代方法。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-025-01069-6

Athira Sreenivas, Leslie Lewis, Jayashree Purkayastha, Vani Lakshmi R, Mary Mathew

{"title":"Exploring minimally invasive tissue sampling as an alternative to conventional autopsy in neonatal deaths.","authors":"Athira Sreenivas, Leslie Lewis, Jayashree Purkayastha, Vani Lakshmi R, Mary Mathew","doi":"10.1007/s12024-025-01069-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-025-01069-6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Neonatal mortality is a significant public health concern which requires accurate identification of the cause of death (CoD). There has been a decline in conventional diagnostic autopsy (CDA) globally due to ethical and cultural barriers, resulting in lack of comprehensive data on neonatal deaths. Minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) of organs has emerged as an innovative alternative to CDA as it is less invasive and feasible. This study evaluates the effectiveness of MITS versus CDA in determining the cause of death in neonates.Methods: This was a single-center observational study conducted on 100 neonatal autopsies. The demographic, clinical, imaging data and ancillary tests were analyzed prior to performing both the techniques. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and interrater reliability were assessed.Results: The concordance rate for lesions in the brain, lung, and liver in MITS versus CDA was 79%, 84%, and 94% respectively. There was high sensitivity and specificity for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and hyaline membrane disease (HMD) by the MITS technique, however it was not useful in detecting focal and peripheral lesions in organs.Conclusions: MITS is a promising alternative to CDA with comparable diagnostic accuracy in determining causes of death in neonates.","PeriodicalId":12449,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0