Frontiers in Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Evolving global trends in PCOS burden: a three-decade analysis (1990-2021) with projections to 2036 among adolescents and young adults.","authors":"Jiameng Wang, Boyu Wang, Chengjia Li, Tianwei Meng, Changxing Liu, Jia Chen, Ying Guo","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1569694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1569694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting adolescent and young adult females, yet global data on its burden and trends remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for females aged 10-24 years in 204 countries (1990-2021). Metrics included cases, age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), disability-adjusted life years (ASDR), and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Future trends (2022-2036) and disease reduction gaps were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, global PCOS cases increased by 56% (incidence), 59% (prevalence), and 58% (DALYs). ASIR rose from 49.45 to 63.26 per 100,000, with an AAPC of 0.8. Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania had the fastest growth, while high-SDI regions bore the highest burden. Girls aged 10-14 showed the steepest age-specific increase. Nationally, the largest increases occurred in Equatorial Guinea, Maldives, and Myanmar, while Italy saw a decline. Forecasts through 2036 indicate continued increases in ASIR (+8.32%), ASPR (+10.87%), and ASDR (+10.39%). Frontier analysis highlighted unachieved reduction potential, especially in high-SDI countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCOS burden among adolescents and young adults has significantly risen globally with disparities by region, SDI, and age, warranting urgent and equitable public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1569694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of follicular fluid in infertile individuals with poor ovarian response.","authors":"Liang Guo, Jiaming Song, Xiyang Xia, Jianya Jiang, Yingying Yang, Wei Chen, Li Chen, Pingping Xue","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1547550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1547550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor ovarian response (POR) is a pathological condition characterized by inadequate ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation in patients undergoing <i>in vitro</i> fertilization and embryo transfer. It represents a primary cause of failure in many assisted reproductive technology treatments. Utilizing non-targeted metabolomics technology applied to follicular fluid, this research aims to elucidate the metabolic characteristics associated with POR, explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, and identify potential biomarkers. By analyzing metabolic factors that influence oocyte quality, we aspire to provide insights for the early detection and intervention of patients with POR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this research, 60 follicular fluid samples were collected for a non-targeted metabolomic study, including 30 samples from POR patients and 30 from women with normal ovarian reserve. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis model was employed to discern separation trends between the two groups. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Additionally, random forest and logistic regression models were utilized to identify biomarkers indicative of POR within the follicular fluid.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on data from the Human Metabolome Database, our metabolomic analysis identified 40 differential metabolites associated with POR, including 18 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated metabolites. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that these metabolites predominantly participate in glycerophospholipid metabolism, choline metabolism in cancer, autophagy processes. Notably, perillyl aldehyde emerged as a potential biomarker for POR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study represents the first comprehensive examination of metabolic alterations in follicular fluid among patients with POR using non-targeted metabolomics technology. We have identified significant metabolic changes within the follicular fluid of individuals affected by POR which may offer valuable insights into therapeutic strategies for managing this condition as well as improving outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1547550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid metabolism after short-term fasting: POMC response and EPA signal maintain homeostasis in tilapia.","authors":"Xiaozheng Yu, Tiansheng Zhu, Yang Yu, Ran Cai, Meiqing Li, Caiyun Sun, Wensheng Li","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1585216","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1585216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detecting and responding to fluctuations in fatty acid levels is crucial for maintaining the homeostasis of fatty acid metabolism. This study examined changes in neuropeptide levels and fatty acid sensing systems in tilapia following 24-hour fasting. Subsequently, an EPA compensation experiment was conducted to examine the regulatory effects of hypothalamic neuropeptides on feeding activity, fatty acid sensing systems activation, and alterations in AMPK and AKT signaling pathways in tilapia. After fasting, the neuropeptide Y signals in the preglomerular nucleus region increased significantly, while the POMC in the lateral tuberal nucleus significantly decreased. There was a significant increase in most long-chain fatty acids, excluding the EPA which declined. Fasting activates fatty acid sensing systems regulated by fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial activity in the hypothalamus, and those regulated by CD36, mitochondrial activity and PKC in the liver. However, it inhibited systems regulated by fatty acid metabolism and lipoprotein lipase in the liver. Intraperitoneal EPA injection raised <i>pomc</i> mRNA levels in the hypothalamus after short-term fasting and curtailed food intake. EPA compensation inhibited the liver fatty acid metabolism, CD36, and mitochondrial activity-related fatty acid sensing systems, and lipoprotein lipase-regulated fatty acid sensing systems in the hypothalamus while activating lipoprotein lipase-regulated fatty acid sensing systems in the liver. Moreover, EPA suppressed the AMPK pathway in both tissues. Following fasting, serum EPA levels decreased, accompanied by lower POMC in the brain and activation of the fatty acid sensing systems in hypothalamus and liver. EPA compensation inhibited the AMPK pathway, increased <i>pomc</i> mRNA in the hypothalamus and suppressed food intake as a satiation factor. This research offers insights into how the central nervous system and peripheral tissues respond to fatty acid levels during hunger in tilapia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1585216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated factors and principal pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Luyao Wang, Lianxin Li, Jiaxin Liu, Changting Sheng, Maoyi Yang, Zhipeng Hu, Rensong Yue","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1499565","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1499565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) as a common chronic disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide that poses a great threat to individual health, and is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance (IR) coupled with β-cell dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction, obesity, gut microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammation have emerged as a significant contributor to the etiology of T2DM, affecting various metabolic processes critical for glucose homeostasis. This short review underscores their role in enhancing T2DM-related molecular mechanisms and explores recent advancements in diabetic management, further highlights the importance of personalized care plans to address the complexities of the T2DM and aims to improve patient quality of life and long-term health outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1499565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical diagnosis and treatment of a patient with hypertension, hypokalemia, and bilateral adrenal adenomas.","authors":"Tingting Zhang, Tao Chen, Wenjie Zhang, Lu Tan, Li Li, Yuchun Zhu, Yan Ren","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1558841","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1558841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is one of the main types of primary aldosteronism (PA). APAs are predominantly unilateral, whereas bilateral APAs are rare. Currently, clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of bilateral APAs is limited, posing significant challenges. This article reports the case of a PA patient with bilateral adrenal nodules. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) revealed no dominant lateral secretion, but ⁶⁸Ga-Pentixafor PET/MR imaging, which targets CXCR4, revealed bilateral positive lesions. The patient achieved biochemical and clinical remission after undergoing bilateral partial adrenalectomy, and CYP11B2 immunohistochemical staining confirmed that both nodules were APAs. This case report suggests that ⁶⁸Ga-Pentixafor nuclear imaging, which targets CXCR4, is a noninvasive and reliable method for PA subtyping and may be the optimal method for the definitive diagnosis of bilateral APA. Bilateral partial adrenalectomy may be an effective and safe surgical procedure for the treatment of bilateral APAs. This study provides new insights and considerations for clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of bilateral APAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Zixin Teng, Jingwei Zhu, Kuiwu Li, Tingting Tong, Wei Li, Haoran Chu, Peiyang Sun","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1561344","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1561344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis (OP) through a comprehensive synthesis of recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases (2014 - 2024) to identify RCTs investigating acupuncture combined with conventional therapy for OP. Study quality was appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15.0, with subgroup analyses stratified by intervention type, population characteristics, and treatment duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>28 RCTs (n=2,758) were included. Meta-analysis revealed acupuncture significantly enhanced bone mineral density (BMD) versus controls: total (SMD = 0.47, <i>p</i> = 0.03), femoral neck (MD = 0.05, <i>p</i> = 0.01), lumbar spine (SMD = 0.40, <i>p</i> < 0.001), Ward's triangle (MD = 0.07, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and hip (SMD = 0.55, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with particularly marked improvements in the postmenopausal osteoporosis subgroup. Acupuncture demonstrated significant improvements in treatment efficacy, biochemical markers, pain scores, and symptom assessments, while reducing adverse events. Warm needle moxibustion outperformed controls in femoral neck (MD = 0.07, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and hip BMD (SMD = 0.87, <i>p</i> < 0.001), while electroacupuncture significantly elevated serum calcium (MD = 0.18, <i>p</i> = 0.02). Short-term interventions (≤ 3 months) demonstrated optimal efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acupuncture demonstrates efficacy and safety as an OP adjuvant therapy. Current evidence is limited by regional bias and methodological heterogeneity. Multicenter, large-sample RCTs are needed to standardize protocols and validate long-term therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024499354.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1561344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interstitial fluid transport in linea alba is involved in acupuncture-induced attenuation of ovarian hypofunction in aged rats.","authors":"Yaoyao Zhu, Ge Lu, Weixin Li, Chenchen Su, Pengfei Du, Shuyou Wang, Li Yang, Huanfang Xu, Yigong Fang, Xiaojing Song","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1579031","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1579031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Age-related ovarian dysfunction, characterized by declining follicular reserve and hormonal imbalance, poses a significant challenge in reproductive endocrinology, severely compromising fertility and quality of life. Although acupuncture at conception vessel acupoints is an effective therapeutic approach for managing ovarian dysfunction, the biological underpinnings bridging peripheral stimulation to systemic endocrine regulation remain elusive. Emerging evidence has highlighted interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics as a potential mediator of mechanotransduction. However, it remains to be elucidated whether ISF transport in the linea alba (abdominal trajectory of conception vessel) influences ovarian function, and whether acupuncture at conception vessel acupoints exerts its therapeutic effects through ISF-mediated substance transport along the linea alba.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used fluorescence imaging to observe ISF migration patterns in the linea alba of rats, where conception vessel acupoints are located. In addition, we investigated the ovarian functional changes post-ISF obstruction and evaluated the therapeutic effects of acupuncture on ovarian dysfunction in aged rats, both in unblocked and ISF-blockade conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fluorescence imaging revealed ISF transport along the linea alba, with tracers migrating linearly, a pattern abolished by surgical blockade. Abnormal ISF transport in the linea alba may affect the homeostasis of reproductive hormone levels. Serum follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones increased while E₂ decreased, accompanied by follicular depletion and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis dysregulation. Acupuncture at CV4 attenuated ovarian aging, elevating developmental follicle counts, reducing granulosa cell apoptosis, and restoring hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function. Crucially, these therapeutic benefits were nullified under ISF blockade conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that ISF transport in the linea alba may serve as an important mechanistic pathway bridging acupuncture stimulation to ovarian regulation. Our study not only provides a mechanistic basis for the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in treating ovarian disorders but also identifies ISF dynamics as a novel therapeutic target in age-related ovarian dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1579031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PDX1 in early pregnancy is associated with decreased risks of gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes.","authors":"Qian Zhang, Qing-Qing Zhang, Shu-Qin Dong, Xia Liu, Jing Wei, Kai Li, Yu Lu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1486197","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1486197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the association of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) in early pregnancy with the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 231 pregnant women were recruited at their initial antenatal care visit during 8-12 gestational weeks in this study. The 75g OGTT was performed during 24-28 gestational weeks. Blood samples were collected to measure PDX1 levels. Participants were followed throughout their pregnancy to monitor for the development of GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the risks of GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pregnant women in the GDM group had higher levels of HOMA-IR and TyG index, and lower PDX1 levels both in early and mid-pregnancy (P<0.05), but had lower HOMA-β levels only in mid-pregnancy (P<0.05). PDX1 in early pregnancy was negatively correlated with FPG, 2h PG, HOMA-IR, and TyG, while positively correlated with HOMA-β in mid-pregnancy (P<0.05). The adjusted analysis showed that elevated PDX1 levels in early pregnancy were associated with reduced risks of GDM (aOR 0.287, 95%CI 0.130-0.636, P=0.002), macrosomia (aOR 0.249, 95%CI 0.076-0.811, P=0.021) and composite adverse pregnancy outcomes (aOR 0.496, 95%CI 0.256-0.960, P=0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated PDX1 in early pregnancy was associated with decreased risks of GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1486197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the shared genetic architecture between obesity and depression: a large-scale genomewide cross-trait analysis.","authors":"Lei Yuan, Yale Su, Jiangqi Zhao, Minkyoung Cho, Duo Wang, Long Yuan, Mixia Li, Dongdong Zheng, Hulin Piao, Yong Wang, Zhicheng Zhu, Dan Li, Tiance Wang, Ki-Tae Ha, Wonyoung Park, Kexiang Liu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1578944","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1578944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increasing evidence suggests that individuals with obesity are at a higher risk of developing depression, and conversely, depression can contribute to the onset of obesity, creating a detrimental cycle. This study aims to investigate the potential shared biological pathways between obesity and depression by examining genetic correlations, identifying common polymorphisms, and conducting cross-trait genetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the genetic correlation between obesity and depression using linkage disequilibrium score regression and high-density lipoprotein levels. We combined two different sources of obesity data using METAL and employed bidirectional Mendelian randomization to determine the causal relationship between obesity and depression. Additionally, we conducted multivariate trait analysis using the MTAG method to improve statistical robustness and identify novel genetic associations. Furthermore, we performed a thorough investigation of independent risk loci using GCTA-COJO, PLACO, MAGMA, POPS, and SMR, integrating different QTL information and methods to further identify risk genes and proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed genetic correlations and bidirectional positive causal relationships between obesity and depression, highlighting shared risk SNP (rs10789340). We identified RPL31P12, NEGR1, and DCC as common risk genes for obesity and depression. Using the BLISS method, we identified SCG3 and FLRT2 as potential drug targets.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>Most of our data sources are from Europe, which may limit the generalization of our findings to other ethnic populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the genetic causal relationship and common risk SNPs, genes, proteins, and pathways between obesity and depression. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of their pathogenesis and the identification of potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1578944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with diabetes and prediabetes among adults with hypertension: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Qing Meng, Shengqiang Fan, Li Zhang, Bin Shen, Chaoping Zou, Dezhou Sun, Xianghui Liu, Jian Zhang, Shugang Xu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1523016","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1523016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) is an emerging composite lipid marker. Prediabetes, characterized by an asymptomatic state with moderate hyperglycemia, is more prevalent than diabetes. This study aimed to elucidate the potential correlation between NHHR and the risk of diabetes and prediabetes among adults with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional survey, we screened National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)-collected data during 2009-2018, identifying a qualifying population of 10,250 individuals. Weighted multivariate logistic regression and curve fitting evaluated the correlation between the NHHR and the incidence of diabetes and prediabetes. To test differences between subgroups, stratified analyses were performed. Additionally, prediction accuracy of the NHHR was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 10,250 patients with hypertension (mean age, 56.31 ± 16.06 years) including 2,198 with diabetes and 4,138 with prediabetes-a combined prevalence of 61.81%. The fully adjusted model indicated each unit increase in NHHR was associated with a 21% higher risk of diabetes/prediabetes (OR 1.21; 95% CI, 1.15-1.25). Adjustment using multivariable classification models revealed that compared to the lowest NHHR quartile, the odds increased by 41% (OR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.27-1.59, p<0.001) in Q3 and (OR 1.82; 95% CI, 1.62-1.98, p<0.001) in Q4. In patients with hypertension, the NHHR was positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes, with a nonlinear trend in the fitted curve (nonlinearity, P=0.007). The threshold effect analysis showed that the inflection point for NHHR and the risk of diabetes and prediabetes was 7.09. In particular, when NHHR was below 7.09, a positive correlation was found between NHHR and the risk of diabetes and prediabetes in this population (OR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.28-1.39). Subgroup analyses showed consistent associations across most groups, with a significant interaction in sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NHHR is positively and non-linearly correlated with diabetes/prediabetes in patients with hypertension, particularly among women. It may serve as a valuable tool for early risk assessment and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1523016"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}