Frontiers in Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Associations of physical activity and sedentary time with diabetic kidney disease among adults with diabetes: a multicenter population-based study.","authors":"Jianing Liu, Shanhu Qiu, Jiali Tang, Xiaohui Guo, Zilin Sun","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1809438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1809438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increased physical activity and reduced sedentary time are associated with lower risks of diabetes. However, their association with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unclear. This study aimed to assess this issue in the Chinese adults with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, cross-sectional study included adults with diabetes from 40 hospitals across 26 diverse Chinese cities. Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), housework physical activity (HPA), occupational physical activity (OPA), and sedentary time were assessed using a validated questionnaire. DKD was defined according to the NKF-K/DOQI guidelines. Associations between activity domains and DKD were examined using multivariable logistic regression, with subgroup, interaction, and sensitivity analyses to assess robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,979 patients with diabetes were included. After multivariable adjustment, those meeting the guideline-recommended amount of LTPA had lower odds of DKD (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68-0.91 for aerobic exercise; OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50-0.96 for resistance exercise) compared with those not meeting recommendations. However, heavier HPA and larger OPA were associated with higher odds of DKD (OR 1.51 and 1.66, respectively). Moreover, longer daily sedentary time was associated with increased odds of DKD only in women (OR 2.10), but not in men. Further stratified analysis suggested that the association between LTPA and lower odds of DKD may be modified by HPA, OPA, or sedentary time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among Chinese adults with diabetes, LTPA was associated with lower odds of DKD, whereas higher occupational and household physical activity showed positive associations, underscoring the differences in domain-specific physical activity in DKD prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1809438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and thyroid diseases.","authors":"Majd Irsheid, Nitzan Burrack, Merav Fraenkel, Eli Hershkovitz, Uri Yoel","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1784314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1784314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with various autoimmune manifestations. Several studies have suggested a potential association between COVID-19 and thyroid diseases (TDs); however, findings remain inconclusive and are primarily based on relatively small studies. Population-level data examining the differential impact of the pandemic on specific thyroid conditions are scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the incidence patterns of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT), Graves' Disease (GD), and Subacute Thyroiditis (SAT) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using interrupted time series analysis of adults (≥16 years) in the Clalit Health Services southern district of Israel from January 2018 to December 2022. New cases of TDs were identified using either ICD-9 codes, laboratory results, medication dispensing data or a combination of them. Monthly disease-specific incidence rates were compared between pre-pandemic (January 2018-February 2020) and pandemic (March 2020-December 2022) periods, with adjustment for seasonal variations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,765 incident TD cases identified, 3,731 (78.3%) had HT, 698 (14.6%) had GD, and 336 (7.1%) had SAT. The mean age was similar across groups (43-45 years) with consistent female predominance (77%). Interrupted time series analysis revealed a significant 30% increase in HT incidence during the pandemic period (IRR 1.30, 95% CI 1.04-1.64, p=0.023), which began prior to the national vaccination campaign. GD showed a non-significant upward trend suggestive of a possible increased incidence (IRR 1.66, 95% CI 0.99-2.79, p=0.054). Conversely, SAT demonstrated a significant 54% reduction in incidence (IRR 0.46, 95% CI 0.21-0.99, p=0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant increase in HT incidence and an unexpected decrease in SAT. These findings highlight the heterogeneous impact of the pandemic on different TDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1784314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic nutritional index, Naples prognostic score and Osaka prognostic score as predictors of acute respiratory distress syndrome in non-diabetes mellitus patients with sepsis: a loss of predictive efficacy of NPS and OPS in diabetes mellitus cohorts.","authors":"Jie Wu, Wenfeng Qiu, Xiuwen Lin, Jinrun Wu, Renyuan Li","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1760773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1760773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by sepsis is associated with uncontrolled immunoinflammatory responses and nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of several prognostic scoring indices (Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), Naples prognostic score (NPS), and Osaka prognostic score (OPS)) in predicting ARDS risk among sepsis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>2089 sepsis patients were retrospectively enrolled, and divided into diabetes mellitus and non-diabetes mellitus groups based on the presence of comorbid diabetes mellitus. Baseline clinical data and laboratory test indicators at admission were collected, and the PNI, NPS, and OPS were calculated. The differences in PNI, NPS, and OPS between ARDS and non-ARDS patients were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associations of PNI, NPS, and OPS with ARDS in septic patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1772 patients did not develop ARDS, whereas 317 cases with ARDS. PNI level in ARDS patients was lower than that in patients without ARDS (<i>p</i> < 0.001). ARDS patients had notably higher proportions of NPS scores of 3 or 4 points and OPS scores of 2 or 3 points compared with non-ARDS patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The proportion of diabetes mellitus was significantly lower in the ARDS group than non-ARDS group (<i>p</i> = 0.030). In non-diabetes mellitus patients, logistic regression analysis revealed that low PNI (odds ratio [OR]: 3.764, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.549-5.557, <i>p</i> < 0.001), NPS score 3-4 (OR: 2.537, 95% CI: 1.302-4.944, <i>p</i> = 0.006), and OPS score 2-3 (OR: 3.189, 95% CI: 1.326-7.670, <i>p</i> = 0.010) were independently associated with ARDS. In patients with diabetes mellitus, low PNI (OR: 2.037, 95% CI: 1.256-3.306, <i>p</i> = 0.004) was independently associated with ARDS, however, neither NPS nor OPS yielded statistically significant results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PNI, NPS, and OPS were predictive indicators for ARDS risk in sepsis patients without diabetes mellitus; however, NPS and OPS lack corresponding predictive value in diabetes mellitus cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1760773"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between triglyceride-glucose-related indices and liver-related events in patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Yanan Mi, Chenhao Ye, Deji Song, Wang Chao, Ziqi Zhang, Lei Wang, Wei Qian","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1760656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1760656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating evidence has linked the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its derived measures to a broad range of diabetic complications. However, the nature of the association between these indices and subsequent liver morbidity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients warrants further investigation. The present analysis assessed the prospective associations between four TyG-based parameters and the incidence of liver-related events (LRE) among people with T2D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 18,105 participants with T2D from the UK Biobank. Four TyG-related indices were assessed, including TyG, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR). Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to evaluate the associations between TyG-related indices and incident LRE risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 13.4 years, 507 T2D patients developed LRE. Compared to patients in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartiles of both TyG-WC (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.12-2.38) and TyG-WHtR (HR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.36-2.89) were associated with increased risk of LRE. Restricted cubic spline models confirmed linear relationships for both TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR with LRE risk. No significant associations of TyG and TyG-BMI with LRE risk were observed. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the associations between TyG-WC/TyG-WHtR and LRE were more pronounced in high-risk populations, including excessive alcohol consumers and individuals with FIB-4 scores ≥1.3 (indicating higher liver fibrosis risk). For instance, the association between TyG-WHtR and LRE was stronger in individuals with FIB-4 ≥1.3 (HR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.65-4.07) compared to those with FIB-4 <1.3 (HR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.76-3.29).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among T2D patients, TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR were consistently associated with increased risk of LRE, confirming the independent clinical utility of these indices. These findings demonstrate that both indices may serve as efficient, cost-effective, and practical tools for enhancing the identification and stratification of LRE risk in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1760656"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luteinizing hormone activity in ovarian stimulation: comparative efficacy and safety of gonadotropins <i>versus</i> recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone-a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Juan Jose Espinós, Miguel Angel Checa, Esteban Villegas-Arbelaez, Mª José Martínez-Zapata","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1792900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1792900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Luteinizing hormone (LH) activity plays a crucial role in follicular development, endometrial decidualization, and embryo implantation. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of gonadotropins with LH activity <i>versus</i> recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing gonadotropins with LH activity with or without rFSH <i>versus</i> rFSH, or comparing different sources of LH activity, or different doses. Participants were women undergoing COS. The outcomes were <i>live births</i>, <i>ongoing pregnancies</i>, <i>oocytes recovered per woman</i>, <i>metaphase II (MII) oocytes per woman</i>, and <i>occurrence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)</i>. We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases. We calculated the mean differences (MDs) and risk ratios (RRs) for continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 56 RCTs with 14,034 women. The evidence of gonadotropins with LH activity (±rFSH) when compared with rFSH alone probably results in little to no difference in live birth (RR = 1.07, 95%CI = 0.96-1.18; 17 studies, moderate certainty of evidence) and ongoing pregnancy (RR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.95-1.12; 19 studies, moderate certainty of evidence), may result in a slight reduction in the number of oocytes retrieved (MD = -0.50, 95%CI = -0.88 to -0.12, <i>I</i> ² = 81.1%; 46 studies, low certainty of evidence), and is very uncertain in the number of MII oocytes (MD = -0.49, 95%CI = -0.93 to -0.05, <i>I</i> ² = 86%; 30 studies, very low certainty of evidence). However, it probably does not increase OHSS compared with rFSH alone (RR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.61-1.03, <i>I</i> ² = 17.1%; 19 studies, moderate certainty of evidence). Subgroup analysis by downregulation protocol, ovarian reserve, and age showed some differences in the effects between the compared groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evidence of gonadotropins with LH activity (±rFSH) when compared with rFSH alone probably results in little to no difference in live birth and ongoing pregnancy. However, there is a slight reduction in the number of oocytes retrieved. Moreover, they are safer than rFSH alone because they probably do not increase OHSS. Therefore, based on our review, the benefit-risk balance favors the addition of an LH-active gonadotropin for the prevention of OHSS. More studies are needed to determine the effects in specific populations.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024572731, identifier CRD42024572731.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1792900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolactin, cortisol, and extracellular osmolality regulate <i>cftr</i>, <i>ostf1</i>, and <i>sgk1</i> in tilapia ionocytes.","authors":"Jason P Breves, Ming-Wen Hu, Mayu Inokuchi, Lucia A Seale, Andre P Seale","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1802254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1802254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Euryhaline fishes can inhabit salinities ranging from fresh water (FW) to seawater (SW), in part because their endocrine system aligns the ion-transporting capacities of branchial ionocytes with the external environment. Ionocytes also directly sense extracellular osmolality and adjust their functions accordingly; therefore, this study investigated the interplay between osmotic conditions and osmoregulatory hormones in Mozambique tilapia (<i>Oreochromis mossambicus</i>) to further elucidate the basis of euryhalinity. We sought to determine whether prolactin (Prl) supports FW acclimation by counteracting osmotic and hormonal signals that initiate branchial responses to SW environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first combined hypophysectomy, hormone replacement, RNA-Seq, and qPCR to identify <i>cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr)</i>, <i>osmotic stress transcription factor 1 (ostf1)</i>, and <i>serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (sgk1)</i> as Prl-repressed genes. We then leveraged a series of <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experimental paradigms to characterize their regulation by environmental salinity, Prl, cortisol, and extracellular osmolality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that 1) Prl's capacity to antagonize cortisol-stimulated <i>cftr</i> expression depends on extracellular osmotic conditions; 2) Prl and cortisol play opposing roles in regulating branchial <i>ostf1</i> expression; 3) Sgk1 is expressed in 'SW-type' ionocytes, where interactions among Prl, cortisol, and osmotic conditions influence its expression; and 4) Prl promotes the expression of <i>Na⁺/Cl^- cotransporter 2</i> and <i>Clc family Cl^- channel 2c</i>, as shown previously.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined actions of osmotic stimuli, Prl, and cortisol shape the branchial expression of <i>cftr</i>, <i>ostf1</i>, and <i>sgk1</i>. While hyperosmotic extracellular conditions and cortisol promote the activation of these genes during SW acclimation, Prl supports FW adaptation by suppressing these genes and promoting processes underlying active ion uptake. Thus, euryhaline tilapia adjust the ion-transporting activity of their branchial ionocytes to meet environmental demands by integrating multiple regulatory cues.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1802254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between early-life (during pregnancy and after birth) antibiotic exposure and type 1 diabetes: an updated meta-analysis.","authors":"Yixuan Wu, Hongkui Zhang, Xiaoming Zhang, Kangshuo Hu, Xuelian Dai, Juanjuan Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1807564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1807564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of antibiotic exposure on type 1 diabetes (T1D) in childhood or adolescence is controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between antibiotic exposure in early life (during pregnancy and after birth) and T1D in children or adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched for cohort studies on the association between early-life antibiotic exposure and T1D in children or adolescents, in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Science Direct from inception to October 2025. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to quantify the association between the early-life antibiotic exposure and the risk of T1D in children or adolescents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies involving about 7.4 million participants were included in the meta-analysis. Neither the antibiotic exposure during pregnancy (HR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.98-1.15, p=0.146) nor the antibiotic exposure after birth (HR = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.95-1.11, p=0.491) showed significant differences in the incidence of T1D between the exposed group and the unexposed group. However, a higher incidence of T1D was observed in the exposure after birth compared to unexposed controls among participants born by cesarean section (HR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.31-2.01, p<0.001). In addition, in subgroup analyzes including sibling comparisons, sex, timing of exposure, frequency of exposure, antibiotic class, and antibacterial spectrum, neither the antibiotic exposure during pregnancy nor the antibiotic exposure after birth found significant differences in the incidence of T1D between both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study did not find the association between early-life (during pregnancy and after birth) antibiotic exposure and T1D. However, antibiotic exposure after birth might increase the risk of T1D among children born by cesarean section.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1807564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of sperm DFI, ROS, and MMP for <i>In Vitro</i> fertilization pregnancy outcomes in asthenozoospermic patients.","authors":"Sanhua Wei, Kaili Wang, Hongya Yang, Tao Yang, Kai Gao, Xuhui Ma, Ruonan Li, Zhenhua Chang, Zhenhua Lu, Hai Zhang, Xiaohong Wang","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1803726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1803726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the levels of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in asthenozoospermic patients and assess their predictive value for <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 320 men with asthenozoospermic patients and 100 with normal semen parameters, assessed between January 2023 and June 2024. Of these, 143 couples undergoing IVF-embryo transfer were analyzed for outcomes. Semen samples were evaluated for conventional parameters, DFI, ROS, and MMP. Patients were stratified by DFI and MMP thresholds, and a combined DFI/MMP group was analyzed. Fertilization rate, cleavage rate, high-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rates were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Asthenozoospermic patients showed significantly higher DFI and ROS, and lower MMP compared to controls, with these parameters correlating to asthenozoospermia severity. DFI and MMP were identified as independent predictors of clinical pregnancy rate via multivariate logistic regression. The high DFI group had significantly lower fertilization, pregnancy, and live birth rates than the low DFI group, while the high MMP group demonstrated superior outcomes across all metrics compared to the low MMP group. The low DFI/high MMP group achieved the best results, exhibiting significantly higher fertilization, pregnancy, and live birth rates than the high DFI/low MMP group. ROC curve analysis indicated that the combination of DFI and MMP provided greater predictive power for clinical pregnancy (AUC = 0.771) than DFI (AUC = 0.643) or MMP (AUC = 0.651) alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sperm DFI and MMP are confirmed as independent and clinically significant predictors of clinical pregnancy in asthenozoospermic patients undergoing IVF treatment. The combined assessment of DFI and MMP offers superior predictive utility for IVF pregnancy outcomes compared to the assessment of either marker alone. These findings underscore the critical role of these sperm quality parameters in assessing reproductive potential and suggest significant clinical utility for guiding patient management and optimizing treatment strategies in assisted reproductive technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1803726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum lipid levels and the risk of diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Linli Cai, Xingyuan Li, Qing Yang, Fang Liu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1783038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1783038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies on the association between specific lipid parameters-such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-and the risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN) have yielded inconsistent and sometimes controversial conclusions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study systematically searched relevant literature in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to October 2025. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 software. The pooled odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the chi-square test and I² statistic, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger regression tests. The effect of publication bias was analyzed using the trim-and-fill method, and the robustness of the results was examined through sensitivity analysis. Evidence for each outcome was evaluated and graded according to GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that higher serum TG levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of DN (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11-1.23, P < 0.00001). Higher TC levels also indicated a slight increased risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.11, P = 0.01). HDL-C showed a protective effect (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.81-0.92, P < 0.00001). No significant association was found between LDL-C and the risk of DN. Egger's test suggested publication bias for TG and HDL-C, but the magnitude of strength did not change direction after trimming and filling. Sensitivity analysis showed that the above findings were robust. Regarding the GRADE rating, all outcomes were rated as very low-quality evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated serum TG levels are a risk factor for DN, while HDL-C shows a protective effect. While TC showed a positive correlation, the effect was weak; LDL-C did not show a significant association. Future research should focus on prospective cohort designs to validate causal associations and explore the potential value of lipid-lowering therapy in the primary prevention of DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1783038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic crosstalk between differentiated thyroid cancer and cardiovascular disease: insulin resistance as a molecular bridge-a proposed mechanism.","authors":"Guizhang Hou, Tianshu Gao","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1795263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1795263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is generally associated with favorable survival, yet long-term survivors may experience an increased burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This risk has often been attributed primarily to TSH suppression therapy, although metabolic factors might also contribute. In this article, we propose a conceptual DTC-IR-CVD axis, in which insulin resistance (IR) may represent one potential molecular link between thyroid malignancy and cardiovascular vulnerability. Available evidence supports associations between IR, diabetes, thyroid tumorigenesis, and CVD; however, direct clinical evidence that DTC itself induces systemic IR remains limited. We therefore discuss a hypothesis whereby tumor-related metabolic reprogramming, inflammatory signaling, extracellular vesicle communication, and treatment-related endocrine perturbations may together contribute to endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and myocardial remodeling in selected patients. We further outline how this framework could inform future cardio-oncologic risk stratification and generate testable translational hypotheses. Overall, the proposed model should be viewed as a hypothesis-generating framework rather than an established causal pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1795263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}