Frontiers in Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic-inflammatory heterogeneity in PCOS assisted reproduction: a compartmental susceptibility model.","authors":"Lin Yuying","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1963493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1963493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine-metabolic disorder rather than a uniform reproductive diagnosis. Women entering assisted reproductive technology (ART) differ in adiposity, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, androgen excess, inflammatory activity, and oxidative stress, but these systemic traits do not map uniformly onto the follicular or endometrial compartments. We propose a testable compartmental susceptibility model in which systemic metabolic-inflammatory burden acts as a background exposure and clinically relevant effects emerge when stage-specific follicular-oocyte or endometrial-maternal vulnerability is also present. Evidence was interpreted with a pragmatic hierarchy that separates guideline/RCT evidence, registry and externally validated prognostic evidence, adjusted observational associations, mechanistic discovery studies, and protocol-only evidence. Current data support metabolic assessment, prevention of excessive ovarian response, and maternal risk surveillance, but they do not validate a metabolic-inflammatory subtype for selecting stimulation, trigger, frozen-embryo-transfer preparation, immune adjuncts, or other phenotype-specific treatment. Local immune, extracellular-vesicle, and multi-omics signals remain discovery tools rather than clinical tests. Precision ART in PCOS will require paired systemic-local phenotyping, external validation, and prospective phenotype-by-treatment interaction studies using cumulative live birth and maternal-neonatal safety as primary endpoints.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1963493"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13691728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between preoperative lipid profile and early postoperative objective optical quality after cataract surgery.","authors":"Huaixiao Zang, Yuxin Liu, Dong Shi","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1887440","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1887440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the association between preoperative lipid levels and early postoperative objective visual quality after cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients who underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of the same monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) model between November 2024 and May 2025. Preoperative serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were recorded. Patients were grouped according to guideline-based lipid criteria. Objective visual quality was evaluated at postoperative day 1, week 1, and month 1 using the iTrace aberrometer and OQAS II system. Outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), dysfunctional lens index (DLI), objective scatter index (OSI), higher-order aberrations (HOAs), modulation transfer function (MTF), and Strehl ratio (SR). Between-group comparisons, Spearman correlation analysis, multivariable regression, and adjusted linear mixed-effects models were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 110 eyes from 110 patients. BCVA and objective optical quality improved during the first postoperative month. During follow-up, DLI, MTF, and SR increased, whereas OSI and HO total decreased. At postoperative month 1, the above-target LDL-C group showed higher OSI and HO Total values and lower MTF and SR values than the at-target group, while BCVA did not differ significantly. After adjustment for potential confounders, above-target LDL-C remained associated with higher HO Total (β = 0.121, 95% CI, 0.034 to 0.207; FDR-adjusted P = 0.049) and lower SR Internal (β = -0.050, 95% CI, -0.086 to -0.014; FDR-adjusted P = 0.049). Correlation analyses also showed associations of TC, TG, and LDL-C with several optical quality measures, whereas no clear association was observed for HDL-C. In the adjusted longitudinal models, LDL-C-related associations were more limited, and the association with BCVA was strongest at postoperative day 1 and attenuated over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative lipid status may be related to early postoperative objective visual quality after cataract surgery. The clearest differences were observed for LDL-C at postoperative month 1. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this relationship and clarify its clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1887440"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the methodological framework of diabetic retinopathy interventional trials: a scoping review on trial design, execution, and reporting practices.","authors":"Zixuan Wang, Xuwei Liu, Ming Yang, Guanchi Yan, Xuechun Fan, Jing Yu, Jinyue Zhao, Yingjing Shi, Xi Chen","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1961622","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1961622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent and sight-threatening ocular complication of diabetes, and one of the leading causes of vision loss and blindness among the working-age population worldwide. Driven by a growing understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying DR, treatment strategies have evolved from a sole focus on glycemic control to comprehensive, multi-targeted, and multimodal therapies. This study systematically summarizes the characteristics of current clinical trials focused on DR treatment and evaluates the employed research methodologies. The aim of this review is to explore methodological trends in specific domains, with the hope that such insights may inform future efforts to optimize trial design and improve trial quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study followed the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. Clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) were retrieved. In addition, clinical trials indexed in PubMed from July 23, 2016 to July 23, 2026 were retrieved. Data from the included studies were extracted and presented in tabular form.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical research targeting DR has expanded rapidly, reflecting a shift toward diverse interventions like anti-Vascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) drugs, laser treatments, and combined therapies. However, several methodological limitations were noted in the included studies, including the failure to specify diabetes type in over half of the cases, a predominance of small-sample trials, inconsistent reporting of intervention duration, and limited implementation of blinding due to practical constraints in ophthalmic interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review represents the first comprehensive assessment of current DR clinical research, exposing key design weaknesses in existing trials. Future meta-analyses and systematic evaluations, informed by the methodological gaps identified in this review, are urgently needed to generate robust evidence that can guide optimal treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1961622"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Cancer risk in patients with acromegaly - is extensive screening needed?, volume II.","authors":"Jakob Dal, Raluca Alexandra Trifanescu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.2004968","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2026.2004968","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"2004968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Sustained pubertal suppression for 68 months with a single histrelin acetate implant in central precocious puberty.","authors":"Sofya Ilmer, Parissa Salemi","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1951374","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1951374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subcutaneous histrelin acetate implant is FDA-approved for 12 months of continuous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy in central precocious puberty (CPP). Published data demonstrated sustained suppression with a single implant for up to approximately 24 months; however, efficacy beyond this duration has not been reported. A 7 years 5 month old female patient presented with bilateral Tanner 2 breast development, a bone age of 10 years, and laboratory findings consistent with early central activation. Treatment was delayed 11 months due to disruptions in care during the COVID-19 pandemic, and a histrelin implant was placed at age 8 years 5 months. The patient was lost to follow-up and returned at nearly 14 years of age, approximately 68 months after the implant placement, with primary amenorrhea and pubertal arrest. Laboratory evaluation before implant removal showed suppressed but detectable gonadotropins with a prepubertal estradiol, consistent with sustained partial suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis sufficient to arrest pubertal progression. Her predicted adult height (PAH) of 167.6 cm (66 inches) approximated her mid-parental height (MPH) of 166.4 cm (65.5 inches). This case demonstrates that a single histrelin acetate implant may maintain clinically meaningful pubertal suppression for at least 68 months. These findings support broader investigations into the pharmacokinetics of extended implant use, given implications for reducing surgical burden and healthcare costs in CPP management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1951374"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate cancer: advancements in targeted therapies.","authors":"Ilesha Ewart, Manreet Randhawa","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1924299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1924299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in men. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The last decades have seen the introduction of multiple new therapeutic agents, such as androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, new cytotoxic agents, and radioligand therapies. Further advancements are being made with immunotherapy utilising new molecular targets. As these treatments move earlier in the treatment pathway, determining the optimal treatment sequencing becomes the challenge. This review aimed to highlight established treatments, recent developments, and promising therapies in mCRPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1924299"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13691727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between changes in obesity- and lipid-related indices and the risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study in Northwest China.","authors":"Jinlong You, Wu Ding, Xue Wang, Jing Tang, Xiuqian Li, Rui Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Yana Bai, Minzhen Wang, Shan Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1975120","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1975120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health burden. Traditional indicators inadequately capture CVD risk. This study evaluated the association between dynamic changes in novel obesity- and lipid-related indices and CVD incidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted with 19,315 CVD-free participants from the Jinchang Cohort in Northwest China. Changes in seven indices-WHtR, METS-VF, CVAI, BRI, TyG, TyG-WC, and TyG-BMI-from baseline to follow-up were classified via K-means clustering, and cumulative indices were calculated. Multivariable logistic and restricted cubic spline models assessed associations with incident CVD. Predictive performance was evaluated using AUC, NRI, and IDI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 66 months, 3,200 (16.57%) participants developed CVD. The highest change classes of all indices showed significantly increased CVD risk, with the strongest associations observed for TyG-BMI (OR: 3.988, 95% CI: 3.419-4.650), TyG-WC (OR: 3.797, 95% CI: 3.215-4.484), and CVAI (OR: 3.695, 95% CI: 3.085-4.426). A significant dose-response relationship was observed for cumulative indices. Changes in CVAI (AUC: 0.642) and cumulative METS-VF (AUC: 0.659) demonstrated the highest predictive ability. Adding these indices to a model of traditional risk factors significantly improved the AUC, NRI, and IDI for CVD prediction (all p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses were consistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Longitudinal increases in obesity- and lipid-related indices may provide modest incremental value for CVD risk stratification when added to traditional risk factors, but their discriminative ability is moderate and further validation is required before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1975120"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of early-pregnancy triiodothyronine and triglycerides with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yanan Li, Jiabin Ren, Shuai Yang, Yulai Zhou, Zixuan Huang, Sichen Lv, Weibin Wu, Jianxia Fan","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1975129","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1975129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid hormones are associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), but the contribution of triiodothyronine (T3), the biologically active thyroid hormone, remains insufficiently understood. Given the established role of T3 in lipid homeostasis and the association of triglycerides (TG) with HDP, we aimed to examine the associations of early-pregnancy T3 and TG levels with HDP and evaluate the potential role of TG in the association between T3 and HDP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 13,915 pregnant women who underwent prenatal screening between January 2020 and December 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations of early-pregnancy free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and TG with HDP and its subtypes, while linear regression was used to assess the associations of FT3 and TT3 with TG. Mediation analysis assessed statistical indirect associations through TG, and multiplicative interaction analysis evaluated interactions between T3 and TG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher early-pregnancy FT3, TT3, and TG levels were associated with higher odds of HDP (all <i>P</i> < 0.05), and both FT3 and TT3 were positively associated with TG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Mediation analysis identified significant indirect associations through TG, representing an estimated 34.1% and 33.5% of the observed associations of FT3 and TT3 with HDP, respectively. Comparable indirect associations were observed for preeclampsia (PE), with estimated proportions of 18.6% and 28.3%, respectively. For gestational hypertension (GH), an indirect association through TG was observed for TT3 (estimated proportion, 42.0%), whereas the corresponding proportion for FT3 was not interpreted because the total association was not statistically significant. No evidence of multiplicative interaction between T3 and TG was observed in relation to HDP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher early-pregnancy FT3 and TT3 levels were associated with higher odds of HDP, particularly PE. TG may represent a potential metabolic component involved in the observed associations between T3 and HDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1975129"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicardial adipose tissue in obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation: mechanisms, imaging, and therapeutic modulation.","authors":"Qi Zhu, Tiance Xu, Chen Yang, Lili Tan","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1976969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1976969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexist, but the contribution of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) to their overlap remains uncertain. EAT is anatomically contiguous with the myocardium and can undergo inflammatory, profibrotic and metabolic remodeling in obesity. In HFpEF, greater EAT burden is associated with higher filling pressures and findings compatible with external cardiac restraint; in AF, regional peri-atrial fat is associated with abnormal conduction, fibrosis and ablation outcomes. Human EAT experiments demonstrate local profibrotic signaling, while autonomic interventions involving epicardial fat pads provide procedural evidence that does not isolate adipocyte effects. Recent invasive observations in patients with AF also link CT-defined EAT to atrial pressures and obesity-related HFpEF. Exercise, weight loss and metabolic therapies can change measured cardiac fat, although the relevant compartments and responses vary. CT attenuation is not a direct or uniformly directional measure of EAT inflammation. EAT is therefore a measurable phenotype at the HFpEF-AF interface, with stronger local experimental evidence in AF than in HFpEF. Whether changing EAT itself contributes to clinical benefit beyond systemic weight loss or other treatment effects requires longitudinal studies in patients with both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1976969"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13691726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149264851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periostin in diabetic kidney disease: mechanistic insights, biomarkers, and therapeutic perspectives.","authors":"Xuhao Li, Yamiao Wu, Yexuan Shi, Guoliang Xiong, Lingfei Lu, Jiandong Lu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1979232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1979232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is among the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes and represents a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Currently, although strict glycemic and blood pressure control, together with the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and non-steroidal selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, can moderately delay DKD progression, the risks of progression to ESRD and cardiovascular events remain high, highlighting the urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. Preclinical and observational studies suggest that periostin (POSTN) is associated with DKD progression and may contribute to renal inflammation and fibrosis. POSTN expression is minimal in healthy kidneys but is markedly upregulated under conditions of renal injury and fibrosis. Cross-sectional clinical studies report that serum, urinary, and renal tissue POSTN levels are elevated in patients with DKD and correlate with proteinuria, the severity of renal fibrosis, and a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); these associations have not been confirmed prospectively. Preclinical studies indicate that POSTN promotes inflammatory cell infiltration, myofibroblast activation, and extracellular matrix accumulation, and it has therefore been proposed to contribute to the inflammatory and fibrotic progression of DKD. In preclinical DKD models, POSTN inhibition attenuates renal injury and fibrosis. No POSTN-targeted therapy has entered human clinical trials, so POSTN remains a promising preclinical candidate target. This review summarizes the mechanistic basis and recent advances in POSTN research in DKD, and further explores its translational potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1979232"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13691734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}