Frontiers in Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Research progress on the mechanism underlying the application of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of male infertility.","authors":"Xingzhao Tian, Jingyi Zhang, Xinyi Tang, Xinlei Guo, Yanan Gong, Fang Yang, Liang Dong, Xujun Yu","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1671247","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1671247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male infertility has become an increasingly prominent health issue worldwide. This review systematically evaluated the therapeutic application of different types of MSCs in various male infertility models. The therapeutic effects of MSCs are attributed to mechanisms such as <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> differentiation into germ cells, improved antioxidant capacity of testicular tissue, inhibited secretion of inflammatory factors and elevated anti-inflammatory level of testicular tissue, prevention of excessive apoptosis of testicular tissue cells, restoration of the normal secretion of sexual hormone levels <i>in vivo</i>, and regulation of sperm autophagy. Simultaneously, this study also emphasized on the latest progress in the research of MSC-Exos, with the discussion of its potential advantages over traditional MSC therapy. In addition, this review also elucidated challenges in the clinical translation of MSCs, including safety and standardization issues, as well as the necessity of conducting human clinical trials. On these basis, this research proposed corresponding improvement plans, such as developing engineered MSCs products, optimizing delivery methods and exploring combination therapies, which may provide potential reference for the clinical application of MSCs and MSC-Exos on a large scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1671247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>FABP3</i> methylation as a novel biomarker for the differentiation and classification of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.","authors":"Haixia Huang, Yifei Yin, Yizhu Mao, Hong Li, Junjie Li, Mengxia Li, Yi Zhang, Xuandong Huang, Yifen Zhang, Chenxia Jiang, Rongxi Yang","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1630001","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1630001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules has been a challenge in clinical practice. We aim to explore a novel biomarker to determine the malignancy of thyroid nodules.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the discovery study, 32 tissue samples from benign thyroid nodule (BTN) and thyroid cancer (TC) patients were analyzed by Methylation 850K array and RNA-Sequencing. TC associated <i>FABP3</i> methylation was further verified by mass spectrometry in two independent studies (221 BTN vs. 222 TC in Validation I and 191 BTN vs. 256 TC in Validation II). Logistic regression analysis and non-parametric tests were used for the analysis between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Altered and inversely correlated methylation and expression in the <i>FABP3</i> gene in TC was found in the discovery study (<i>P</i> = 2.90E-05 for the methylation and <i>P</i> = 0.040 for the expression), and verified in the two validation studies (<i>P</i> values range from 0.012 to 6.30E - 10-12). <i>FABP3</i> methylation could sufficiently differentiate TC from BTN (AUC = 0.77), and could be further improved when combined with the BRAF^V600E mutations (AUC = 0.87). The association between <i>FABP3</i> hypomethylation and TC was enhanced in women, in patients with younger age, with larger tumor size and with lower FT3. <i>FABP3</i> methylation was varied in BTN and TC subtypes, with the highest level in adenoma and the lowest in anaplastic thyroid cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggested that altered <i>FABP3</i> methylation in tissue samples as a potential biomarker to distinguish malignant and benign thyroid nodules, and might be helpful for the pathological classification of TC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1630001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride-glucose index as a novel prognostic biomarker for coronary artery disease: evidence from a large-scale prospective cohort study.","authors":"Baoyu Feng, Yejing Zhao, Wei Xu, Xuyang Meng, Yi Li, Chenxi Xia, Zinan Zhao, Hongyu Peng, Xiang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1653948","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1653948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, combining fasting glucose and triglyceride levels, has emerged as a promising biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, evidence for its long-term prognostic value in CAD remains limited and inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study was conducted at Beijing Hospital between January 2016 and December 2021, involving 23,591 patients with CAD. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 11,325 CAD patients were included in the final analysis. TyG index was determined using the formula ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose. Eligible participants were stratified by TyG tertiles: Tertile 1 (TyG ≤ 8.39, n=3,775); Tertile 2 (8.40 ≤ TyG ≤ 8.92, n=3,776); Tertile 3 (TyG ≥ 8.93, n=3,774), with a median follow-up duration of 28 months. The primary outcomes were all-cause death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death. The secondary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were applied to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and endpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RCS analyses showed a monotonic increase in all-cause death, CVD death, and MACE risks with higher TyG. Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed worse survival in higher TyG tertiles. Multivariable-adjusted analysis revealed continuous TyG index was an independent risk factor for all-cause death (HR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.02-1.45) and CVD death (HR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.17-2.22). Using the lowest TyG index tertile as the reference (T1), the highest tertile (T3) group exhibited a 1.34-fold risk of all-cause death (95% CI 1.04-1.72), a 1.99-fold risk of CVD death (95% CI 1.23-3.21), and a 1.17-fold higher risk of MACE (95% CI 1.00-1.37), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed the continuous TyG index was significantly associated with the risk of all-cause death in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.01-1.74) and CVD death in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) (HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.16-2.78). With T1 as the reference, patients with CCS in the T3 group had a 2.15-fold higher risk of CVD death (95% CI 1.10-4.23).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index correlates with increased all-cause death, CVD death, and MACE risks in CAD, with prognostic value in both ACS and CCS, particularly in CCS. These findings establish TyG as a robust CAD biomarker, warranting further clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1653948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and first stroke in hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Chao Yu, Meihui Wu, Lingjuan Zhu, Tao Wang, Weifang Zhang, Wei Zhou, Huihui Bao, Xiaoshu Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1657213","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1657213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existing evidences regarding the association between the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and first stroke in hypertensive patients remains limited. This study aims to assess the role of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in the risk of first stroke in Chinese hypertensive patients.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This prospective cohort study encompassed 12, 893 hypertensive patients from the Chinese Hypertension Registry. Cox proportional hazards regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analysis were applied to evaluate the association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and first stroke. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the strength of the association. The mean age of all participants was 63.7 ± 9.5 years, and 531 cases of first stroke occurred, with an average follow-up time of 3.9 years. In the fully adjusted model, each 1-unit increase of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio raised the risk of first stroke by 43% (HR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.22-1.67). Compared with patients in the Q1 of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, the adjusted HRs of stroke for those in Q2, Q3, and Q4 were respectively 1.32 (95% CI: 1.03,1.70), 1.49 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.96), and 1.94 (95% CI: 1.45, 2.59), with a statistically significant trend (P for trend < 0.001). Analyses using restricted cubic spline confirmed the linear association between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and first stroke. Subgroup analysis revealed a stronger association between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and first stroke in drinkers (P for interaction=0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio may increase the risk of first stroke in hypertensive patients, especially among current drinkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1657213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of genotyping (<i>PTPN2</i>, rs2542151) and (<i>MBOAT7</i>, rs641738) in prediction of fibrosis in Metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease' patients.","authors":"Shimaa Abdelsattar, Hiba S Al-Amodi, Hala F M Kamel, Zeinab A Kasemy, Ehab Darwish, Asmaa Mosbeh, Ayman A Sakr, Hanaa M Elgazzar, Mervat Abdelkareem, Mai Abozeid, Shimaa K Zewain, Hanan M Bedair, Sabry M Abdelmageed","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1615162","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1615162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Numerous risk loci have been identified to have an essential role in Metabolic associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) susceptibility and progression. The role of membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (<i>MBOAT7</i>, rs641738) and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (<i>PTPN2</i>, rs2542151) genes in the risk of significant fibrosis in MASLD patients is still unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between <i>MBOAT7</i> rs641738 and <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151 genotypes and the risk of significant fibrosis in Egyptian individuals with MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 142 patients with varying degrees of MASLD and 142 healthy controls with no evidence of MASLD. All subjects underwent biochemical tests and genotyping of <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151 and <i>MBOAT7</i> rs641738 by real-time PCR. Additionally, patients were divided according to fibrosis stages assessed by transient elastography (Fibroscan) into 103 patients with early fibrosis (F0, F1) and 39 with significant fibrosis (≥ F2).</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The study revealed that T allele and T/T genotype of <i>MBOAT7</i> rs641738 were more frequent among MASLD patients compared to controls, with higher frequency in the significant fibrosis subgroup compared to early fibrosis or control groups. Regarding <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151, the G allele and G/G genotype were more frequent among MASLD patients compared to controls and showed higher frequency among the significant fibrosis group than controls. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that triglycerides, hepatic steatosis index, <i>MBOAT7</i> rs641738 (C/T+T/T), and <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151 (G/T+G/G) were independent predictors of MASLD susceptibility. Only <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151 (G/T+G/G) was the independent predictor of significant fibrosis in MASLD patients. In conclusion, <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151 and <i>MBOAT7</i> rs641738 SNPs are associated with MASLD susceptibility, while only <i>PTPN2</i> rs2542151 mutations are associated with fibrosis progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1615162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing metabolic syndrome in low-resource settings: a case study in urban Haiti.","authors":"Nour Mourra, Vanessa Rouzier, Rodney Sufra, Reichling St Sauveur, Jodany Bernadin, Joseph Inddy, Alexandra Apollon, Rehana Rasul, Anju Ogyu, Lily D Yan, Jean W Pape, Margaret McNairy","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1651058","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1651058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Local epidemiologic data on risk factors for heart disease are needed in low-income settings to guide targeted interventions for prevention and treatment. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions (elevated blood pressure, blood sugar, waist circumference and cholesterol) that increases risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), however the gold-standard MetS definition requires laboratory testing which are be limited in low-income countries like Haiti. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MetS in urban Haiti and compare it to alternative nonlaboratory MetS definitions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a cross-sectional analysis of enrollment data from the population-based Haiti CVD Cohort Study which includes 3,005 participants ≥18 years, in Port-au-Prince. Demographic, health behavior, and clinical data including laboratory tests were collected. Gold standard, harmonized MetS (MetS-H) was defined as having three or more of the following: elevated blood pressure (eBP), elevated waist circumference (eWC), elevated fasting glucose, reduced HDL-C or elevated triglycerides. Three nonlaboratory alternatives were defined as: MetS-1 (eBP, and eWC), MetS-2 (three or more of: eBP, eWC, family or personal history of CVD), and MetS-3 (four or more of: eBP, eWC, family or personal history of CVD, high alcohol intake, current/former smoker, high fat intake). Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each nonlaboratory MetS definition, compared to MetS-H. Associations between risk factors and MetS-H were assessed using multivariable log-binomial regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2721 participants with a mean age of 42 years (SD 16), the prevalence of MetS-H was 21.2% (29.1% women, 10.4% men). Elevated blood pressure (82.9%), reduced HDL-C (81.7%) and elevated waist circumference (90.7%) were the most common components of MetS. The prevalence of nonlaboratory definitions were: MetS-1 22.5%, MetS-2 22.6%, and MetS-3 22.2%. Compared with MetS-H, MetS-1 had the highest sensitivity (74.4%, 95% CI: 70.6%, 77.9%) and the highest specificity (91.6%, 95% CI: 90.7%, 92.7%). Female sex and age >30 years were associated with MetS-H.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The prevalence of MetS is high in urban Haiti and associated with older age and females. Simplified screening with nonlaboratory MetS definitions may be a pragmatic alternative to screening in low-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1651058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crhr1 and epinephrine utilize the central Ras-MAPK pathway in mediating the acute stress-related locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae.","authors":"Enezi Khalid, Mathilakath M Vijayan","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1650458","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1650458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although the Crh-Crhr1 system is the proximal trigger for the stressor-induced corticosteroid release, its role in initiating the fight-or-flight response to an acute stressor is unclear. We hypothesized that the Crh-Crhr1 system deploys the central Ras-Mapk (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway and rapidly increases the locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We tested this using an acute stressor-induced hyperactivity model in larval zebrafish that is Crhr1-dependent, and a pharmacological inhibitor of Ras (BAY-293).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The larval hyperactivity response to stress disappeared after pretreatment with BAY-293. Acute CRH exposure stimulated the hyperactivity but at a lower magnitude than epinephrine; however, both responses were inhibited by BAY-293. Immunohistochemical localization revealed rapid phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the pallium and hypothalamic regions after acute CRH and epinephrine treatment. The lack of Crhr1 (<i>crhr1-/-</i>) upregulated the a1-adrenoceptors (<i>adra1ab</i> and <i>adra1ba</i>) and abolished the epinephrine-induced, but not the forskolin-induced hyperactivity. The acute stressor also increased the transcript abundance of <i>c-fos</i>, commonly used as a marker of neuronal activation and plasticity. This immediate early gene response to stress was mimicked by epinephrine, but not Crh treatment, and was Ras-dependent. The acute stressor- or epinephrine-induced <i>c-fos</i> response was unaltered in larvae lacking a functional Crhr1.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study reveals the activation of the Ras-Mapk pathway by Crhr1 as a central mechanism modulating the acute stress-induced larval hyper-locomotor activity but not the c-fos response in zebrafish. Altogether, our results suggest a complementary but essential role for Crhr1 in facilitating the epinephrine-mediated fight-or-flight response but not the stress-habituation response.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1650458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap and hyperuricemia and its role in cardiovascular risk assessment: mediation effect analysis of triglycerides and non-high-density lipoproteins.","authors":"Manli Yan, Wenhua Shi, Kaiyuan Zhang, Ping Gong, Hua Wei, Xiang Li","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1668064","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1668064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the relationship between Albumin-Corrected Anion Gap (ACAG) and hyperuricemia (HUA), as well as its potential mechanisms linking HUA to cardiovascular diseases. While HUA is associated with cardiovascular conditions, whether it is an independent risk factor remains unclear. ACAG, an indicator of acid-base balance, has prognostic value in cardiovascular outcomes, but its relationship with HUA has not been explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 4,588 adults who visited Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine between January and December 2023 were analyzed. HUA was defined as a serum uric acid (SUA) level >420 μmol/L, with the remaining participants categorized as Non-HUA. SPSS, R, and \"Zstats\" software were used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the participants, 1,135 (24.7%) were in the HUA group, with 86.4% males. The ACAG, triglycerides (TG) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels in the HUA group were significantly higher than those in the Non-HUA group, while HDL-C levels were significantly lower. ACAG was positively correlated with SUA, even after adjusting for age and gender. Non-linear analysis showed that when ACAG exceeded 12.64, each additional unit increase was associated with a 12% increase in the adjusted odds ratio for HUA. Mediation analysis revealed that TG and non-HDL-C partially mediated the association between ACAG and HUA, accounting for 28.3% and 13.5%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to demonstrate a significant correlation between ACAG and HUA, with TG and non-HDL-C acting as mediators, providing new directions for prevention and intervention of HUA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1668064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of type 2 diabetes across Russian ancestry groups.","authors":"Ekaterina E Markelova, Irina V Kononenko, Anatoliy Zubritskiy, Elizaveta Podshivalova, Alina Matrosova, Evgeniya Plaksina, Saleem Mansour, Pavel Ahtyamov, Elena Shagimardanova, Gulnar R Vagapova, Nadezhda Maksimova, Liubov A Sydykova, Diana S Avzaletdinova, Tatyana V Morugova, Petimat M Dzhambetova, Marina V Shestakova, Natalia G Mokrysheva, Yulia A Medvedeva","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1672403","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1672403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a highly polygenic disease involving multiple biological pathways. Genetic ancestry may influence the predominant mechanisms driving T2D. Understanding how genetic background shapes T2D risk is crucial for developing personalized prevention and treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed ancestry-specific differences in T2D mechanisms and assessed the prevalence of T2D-associated genetic clusters, reflecting biological mechanisms underlying T2D onset and progression, in individuals from three Russian ancestry groups: Chechens, Tatars, and Yakuts. Previously developed polygenic scores were applied to evaluate cluster prevalence and clinical risk factors across ancestry groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cluster-specific polygenic scores varied significantly between populations. Yakuts exhibited higher scores for β-cell dysfunction, hyper-insulin secretion, and lipid metabolism alterations, whereas Chechens and Tatars had higher scores for obesity-related mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusions: </strong>The predominant mechanisms underlying T2D differ across populations. These ancestry-specific differences should be considered in public health recommendations and personalized medicine approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1672403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of multimorbidity across obesity severity and fat distribution in Anhui, China: a community-based study.","authors":"Keyi Gu, Weiqiang Wang, Weizhuo Yi, Handong Gu, Xiaoya Fu, Fei Yang","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1652678","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1652678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity and multimorbidity are prevalent worldwide. However, the relationships of obesity severity and fat distribution with multimorbidity patterns among the Chinese population are still unclear. We sought to investigate multimorbidity patterns among people with various obesity severity and fat distribution in Anhui, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used cross-sectional data including 123,148 adults aged 35-76 years in 12 districts from Anhui Province, China. Multimorbidity referred to the presence of at least two chronic conditions from a defined set of nine. We used logistic regression models, stratified by gender, to analyze the associations of different obesity severity and fat distribution with the risk of multimorbidity by adjusting for confounders of age, region, marriage, education level, annual income, insurance, smoking, drinking, rational diet, weight control, physical exercise, adequate sleep and regular checkup. Subgroup and interaction analyses examined how varying obesity severity and fat distribution relate to multimorbidity risk. Association rule mining (ARM) utilized the Apriori algorithm to analyze disease combinations under different obesity subgroups in males and females.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multimorbidity occurred in 10.3%(n=12,644) of the participants, with 10.7%(n=5,324) in males and 9.96% (n=7,320) in females, and the majority (80.5%, n=10,177) had two chronic diseases. Compared to normal-weight participants, there were progressively higher odds of multimorbidity in overweight, mild, moderate, and severe obesity in both males and females (P for trend <0.001). Individuals with general obesity (male: OR = 1.366, 95% CI: 1.234-1.513; female: OR = 1.315, 95% CI: 1.197-1.445), central obesity (male: OR = 2.168, 95% CI: 1.857-2.532; female: OR = 1.567, 95% CI: 1.401-1.752), or compound obesity (male: OR = 2.223, 95% CI: 1.996-2.476; female: OR = 1.998, 95% CI: 1.822-2.190) had significantly higher multimorbidity rates than their non-obese counterparts. Subgroup analysis and interaction analysis results showed that males, people aged < 60 years, and smokers may worsen the effects of obesity on multimorbidity. ARM revealed that the disease cluster comprising diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia exhibited the strongest association. Notably, males with severe obesity face an elevated risk of cardiovascular metabolic comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both overweight and obesity are independent risk factors for multimorbidity, and males exhibit significantly higher multimorbidity risks than females. Individuals with obesity are more vulnerable to multiple coexisting conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Therefore, adopting health management and intervention measures for obesity individuals can help control multimorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1652678"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}