Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Biomechanical effects of traditional Chinese exercises on scoliosis: a combined finite element and surface electromyography analysis.","authors":"Boyu Zhang, Tan Liu, Haojie Wang, Dong Liu, Pengren Luo, Mengxiang Li, Jiaji Zhang, Jianguo Li, Minghui Zhuang, Chong Lu, Tao Han, Zhefeng Jin, Liguo Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1895714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1895714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of two specific traditional Chinese exercise movements-\"Lu Di\" and \"Jiu Gui Ba Ma Dao\"-on spinal biomechanics and trunk muscle sEMG characteristics, elucidating their potential corrective mechanisms for idiopathic scoliosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Lenke type 1 scoliosis finite element model (T1-S1) was developed by applying mesh deformation techniques to a healthy adult spine model. Kinematic parameters of the spinous processes were acquired from 10 healthy subjects performing the two exercises using inertial sensors and applied as boundary conditions for the FEA. Vertebral and intervertebral disc stress distributions were analyzed under a fixed loading angle during the \"Lu Di\" movement. Concurrently, sEMG signals from the bilateral erector spinae and multifidus were recorded in patients with Lenke type 1 scoliosis during the exercises to evaluate muscle activation timing and inter-limb symmetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FEA demonstrated that complex movement loading induced favorable adjustments in stress distribution and deformation patterns, notably reducing disc stress on the concave side of the apical vertebra. sEMG analysis revealed that both exercises modulated trunk muscle activation levels and bilateral symmetry. They effectively increased force output in the convex musculature without inducing significant fatigue, while appropriately enhancing activation on the concave side.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1895714"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149243864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: FP003B suppresses microcarrier aggregation and enhances cell yield in microcarrier-based mesenchymal stromal cell culture.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.2010047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.2010047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1881013.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"2010047"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13688640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The capsule was never just a capsule: what islet encapsulation is for, now that immunoisolation is no longer its job.","authors":"Antonio Citro, Lorenzo Piemonti","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1943061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1943061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For more than four decades, islet encapsulation has been defined by a single objective: to immunoprotect transplanted cells while preserving glucose sensing and insulin delivery, thereby eliminating systemic immunosuppression. No passive device has yet achieved that objective with reproducible, durable and clinically meaningful efficacy. The central limitation is not simply the absence of an optimal polymer, but an over-constrained architecture in which immune exclusion, molecular transport, therapeutic cell dose, host integration, mechanical durability and retrieval must be solved simultaneously. The clinical contrast between sealed and vascularly accessible devices makes this coupling visible: closure preserves immunological separation but intensifies transport and foreign-body constraints; opening improves tissue integration but restores immune access. Hypoimmune cell engineering now changes the allocation of these functions. Gene-edited allogeneic islet cells have survived without a capsule or systemic immunosuppression in immunocompetent primates and, to date, in one human recipient from a single programme, although therapeutic sufficiency, scalability, independent replication and long-term safety remain unresolved. We argue that this development should not make encapsulation obsolete, but should redefine its target product profile. When immune protection is increasingly engineered into the cell product, the device can be optimised for the functions that remain uniquely physical: containment, vascular integration, complete retrievability and layered safety. This shifts the biomaterials problem from molecular immunoisolation to a low-transport-resistance, defect-controlled and mechanically durable containment platform for proliferative, immune-evasive cell therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1943061"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A melatonin textile transdermal patch based on physicochemical synergistic permeation-enhancement strategy for circadian rhythm regulation.","authors":"Juyang Zhao, Jinzhi Liu, Jiahan Lin, Mingtao Liu, Fujun Wang, Lu Wang, Jing Gao","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1913854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1913854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melatonin, an endogenous circadian rhythm-regulating hormone, has faced challenges in achieving prolonged exogenous regulation due to its low oral bioavailability and short half-life. Existing transdermal strategies are difficult to balance efficacy, safety, and accessibility. To address this, we propose a physicochemical synergistic permeation-enhancement strategy and have developed a melatonin textile transdermal patch based on the synergistic action of electret and permeation enhancer. The patch is designed with a three-layer composite structure, composed of a textile-based electret backing layer, a drug-loading pressure sensitive adhesive layer containing melatonin and permeation enhancer, and a protective layer to prevent drug leakage. Electret and permeation enhancer enhance transdermal efficiency through a physicochemical synergistic permeation-enhancement strategy without disrupting the skin barrier. <i>In vitro</i> studies revealed that among various permeation enhancers (menthol, azone, oleic acid) and electret parameters, the combination of a -1500 V electret with 10% oleic acid exhibited the optimal synergistic effect. <i>In vivo</i> pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the patch reached a peak plasma concentration (>30 ng/mL) within 1 h and maintained effective therapeutic levels (>5 ng/mL) for up to 8 h. The patch significantly improved the sleep quality in insomniac rats, with no observed skin irritation or cytotoxicity. This study not only accomplishes an efficient, non-invasive, and parametrically tunable transdermal delivery of melatonin but also validates the feasibility of synergistic enhancement through physical field regulation and chemical permeation, thereby providing a viable strategy for developing safe and long-acting textile-based transdermal drug delivery systems aimed at neuroendocrine small-molecule hormones similar to melatonin.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1913854"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of textile waste through biodegradation, fruiting body production, and mycelium composite formation by <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>.","authors":"Norbert Lipka, Kristian Marzec, Karol Bańcer, Arkadiusz Głowacki, Wiesław Kaca","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1907544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1907544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waste textiles, particularly those containing natural fibers such as cotton, linen, and hemp, can be repurposed as substrates for oyster mushroom (<i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>) cultivation due to their high cellulose and lignin content. This approach offers an environmentally friendly strategy for textile waste valorisation while simultaneously producing edible mushrooms and mycelium-based composite materials with potential insulating applications. In the present study, cultivation conditions for <i>P. ostreatus</i> were optimized with respect to growth-medium composition, humidity, temperature, and fruiting parameters. Both mycelium and fruiting bodies were analysed for metal content. Among the metals tested, only zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) were detected in both mycelium and fruiting bodies, at comparable concentrations of approximately 170, 80 and 21 mg/kg, respectively. Across six experimental variants, fruiting body yields ranged from 0 to 45 g per cultivation bag, with an average yield of 20 g per bag. A schematic production workflow for <i>P. ostreatus</i> fruiting bodies based on substrates containing 30%, 50%, and 100% textile waste is presented. In addition, selected mechanical and thermal properties of textile-mycelium composites were evaluated, demonstrating their potential applicability as bio-based construction and insulation materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1907544"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A light-responsive engineered probiotic system to alleviate anxiety via gut-brain axis.","authors":"Yuling Chang, Zhaofang Hang, Yuhan Zhang, Yuhao Zhu, Xingang Li, Xuejun Wang, Di Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1864003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1864003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent worldwide, yet effective treatment strategies remain limited. Overactive gut-brain communication has been linked to anxiety-like behaviors, and modulation of this signaling offers a promising approach for anxiety reduction. Leveraging the controllable release and biocompatibility of engineered bacteria, we developed a near-infrared (NIR)-responsive probiotic system that releases gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to directly modulate gut vagal sensory input, thereby alleviating anxiety-like behavior. The system was constructed using <i>Escherichia coli</i> Nissle 1917 (EcN) carrying a thermosensitive GABA synthesis plasmid (EcN-Gadabc), coated with polydopamine (pDA), and further conjugated with a pepT1 targeting peptide for small-intestinal targeting. This design enabled precise NIR-triggered GABA release in the gut, improved bacterial survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, and enhanced intestinal retention following oral administration. In mice subjected to repeated restraint stress, treatment with the engineered bacteria under NIR irradiation alleviated anxiety-like behaviors, remodeled the gut microbiota, reduced the relative abundance of <i>Clostridium,</i> decreased serum IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, increased IL-10, and reduced c-fos-positive neurons in the amygdala, nucleus tractus solitarius, and locus coeruleus. Transcriptomic analysis further indicated alterations in pathways associated with neuronal excitability, ion channel activity and calcium signaling. These findings support a non-invasive and remotely controllable strategy for gut-brain axis modulation using engineered probiotics and highlight its potential for precision bacteriotherapy in anxiety-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1864003"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pADM patch augmentation for rotator cuff repair: <i>In vivo</i> safety and efficacy in a canine model.","authors":"Jianbo Li, Qingjun Kong, Qian Xu, Kuansong Wang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1912857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1912857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Rotator cuff repair remains challenged by a high postoperative retear rate, particularly in moderate-to-large tears and in patients with poor tendon quality, where conventional suture-anchor fixation often fails to provide sufficient mechanical support during the healing process. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the <i>in vivo</i> safety, degradation characteristics, and reparative efficacy of a porcine-derived acellular dermal matrix (pADM) patch for rotator cuff augmentation in a large animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bilateral infraspinatus tendon insertion injury models were established in 24 adult beagle dogs. Animals in the test group received pADM patch augmentation in combination with suture-anchor fixation, whereas those in the control group underwent conventional anchor repair alone. Comprehensive assessments including hematological analysis, gross observation, CT/MRI images, histopathology (HE and Masson staining), and biomechanical testing were performed at 2, 4, 6, and 13 weeks postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Implantation of the pADM patch elicited no abnormal inflammatory or immune responses, indicating favorable biocompatibility. Imaging and histology analyses demonstrated superior tendon structural restoration and enhanced tendon-bone integration in the test group. The patch underwent progressive degradation and achieved effective host-tissue integration. Biomechanical testing revealed significantly higher maximum failure loads in the test group at all time points, indicating superior mechanical integrity of the repaired tendon (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pADM patch exhibits favorable biosafety and biocompatibility, promotes tendon structure recovery and tendon-bone healing, and enhances biomechanical strength. Its degradation kinetics match the host tissue remodeling process, with complete resorption by 13 weeks. This acellular dermal matrix patch represents a safe and effective augmentation material for rotator cuff repair, with promising potential for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1912857"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleic acid synthesis screening at an inflection point: U.S. policy momentum and global implications.","authors":"Ishan Mehta, Melissa Hopkins","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1843263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1843263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the positioning of nucleic acid synthesis screening (NASS) policy within the current U.S. political landscape, tracing its evolution from voluntary industry practices to executive and legislative action across administrations. We analyze the sources of NASS's political momentum, including the rare convergence of bipartisan national security imperatives, industry support for codified screening requirements, and biosecurity-related incidents. We assess key policy challenges, including navigating jurisdictional limitations and congressional gridlock, the risk of regulatory capture, and ensuring regulatory frameworks remain adaptive to evolving technologies. We situate U.S. efforts within an international context, examining parallel initiatives in the United Kingdom, the European Union, and New Zealand, noting how U.S. market-access requirements may promote <i>de facto</i> global screening adoption through economic incentives rather than multilateral diplomacy. We recommend specific policy instruments, such as expanding the U.S.-based third-party screening industry, leveraging federal procurement requirements, aligning with ISO standards, and building on NIST's maturing capability-based benchmarks, to establish enforceable domestic requirements while extending global reach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1843263"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13687050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural polysaccharide-engineered POP@ZIF-67 nanoparticles coordinate antibacterial activity, macrophage polarization, and osteogenesis for chronic osteomyelitis therapy.","authors":"Yunchang Zhao, Guangting Zhu, Mengxue Zhang, Yize Wu, Junwei Su, Jing Hu, Chao Jian, Ying Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1935416","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1935416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic osteomyelitis is difficult to treat due to the interplay of bacterial colonization, excessive inflammation, and impaired bone regeneration. Here, we developed an engineered natural polysaccharide POP@ZIF-67 nanoplatform to modulate these interrelated pathological processes. ZIF-67 is an antimicrobial framework with porous properties, peroxidase-like catalytic activity, and acid-responsive release behavior; purslane polysaccharide (POP) was incorporated as an immunomodulatory component to mitigate the excessive inflammatory stimulation induced by ZIF-67. POP@ZIF-67 exhibits effective antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>; more importantly, the incorporation of POP transforms the biological action of ZIF-67 from primarily antibacterial stimulation into a multifunctional platform capable of suppressing excessive M1-like macrophage responses, promoting repair-related polarization, and improving the osteogenic microenvironment. In a mouse model of chronic osteomyelitis, POP@ZIF-67 reduced local bacterial load and inflammatory damage while promoting collagen deposition, bone remodeling, and osteogenic maturation, without significant systemic toxicity. Overall, the study introduces an \"antimicrobial framework-immune buffering\" strategy that reconciles the antimicrobial efficacy of metal-organic frameworks with their immunostimulatory limitations. By integrating various therapeutic approaches, POP@ZIF-67 provides a promising new synthetic paradigm for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis and infectious bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1935416"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13683671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149237340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A biosensor toolbox for monitoring recombinant protein production in <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Maurice Mürköster, Mateusz Balka, Christina J Kamp, Judit Källström, Linus Karlsson, Claudia A Rodriguez Aparicio, Erik Tunäng, Hanna-Louise Ögren, Silvia Theopold, Alister J Cumming, Alex Toftgaard Nielsen, Daniel O Daley","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1956994","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1956994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombinant protein production can be a challenging process. To help users troubleshoot and optimize experiments in <i>Escherichia coli</i> we have compiled and characterized a toolbox of biosensor plasmids. It contains a biosensor that monitors the translational efficiency of the recombinant protein and quality control biosensors that detect unwanted events, such as protein misfolding in the cytoplasm, inefficient translocation through the Sec translocon, or protein misfolding in the periplasm. The biosensors were combined with different fluorescent proteins so that multiple events could be measured in parallel, in the same cell. The toolbox is a resource for diagnosing protein production problems and evaluating solutions that mitigate these problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1956994"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13683788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149237361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}