Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Topical application of cellulose membrane for the treatment of non-healing venous leg ulcers.","authors":"Ewa Rojczyk, Kinga Spyrka, Andrzej Ślęzak, Marek Kucharzewski","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1789782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1789782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Venous leg ulcer (VLU) is a common, chronic condition that may lead to disability. Its frequency increases with age and generates high costs for healthcare systems. Bacterial cellulose is recognized as a natural wound repair material that meets the requirements of modern wound dressings, owing to its superior physicochemical characteristics and favorable biological properties. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of topical application of a cellulose membrane on the healing of chronic VLUs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analysis included 100 patients with chronic VLUs divided into two groups of 50 patients each. Experimental group received a cellulose membrane, whereas control group received a standard antimicrobial calcium alginate dressing with silver. Planimetric measurements of the ulcer area before treatment and then every 7 days were performed, until the ulcer healed completely. The effectiveness of both treatments was compared regarding complete healing time and ulceration area reduction over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in experimental group demonstrated significantly shorter complete healing time and a greater reduction in ulcer area over time in comparison to control group. However, in the control group, a temporary acceleration of healing process was observed between 5^th and 7^th week of treatment.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings suggest that cellulose-based biomaterials may represent an effective and biocompatible alternative in the management of VLUs, offering improved healing outcomes and potential benefits for both patients and healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1789782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of high dispersion-stable sub-5 nm silver particles fabricated by ionic liquid-mediated electrochemical synthesis.","authors":"Fen Zhang, Lihao Ou, Jining Shao, Meng Gu, Haiyang Jia","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1796805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1796805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring nanoscale metal particles with high colloidal stability and antibacterial activity is critical for advancing biomedicine in the context of antibiotic resistance. In this study, ultra-small silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with sub-5 nm were synthesized in a one-step electrochemical route in an ionic-liquid-containing electrolyte. The resulting colloid of Ag-NPs remained for more than 400 days without precipitation and ultraviolet-visible spectral shift. Dynamic light scattering gives an average hydrated particle diameter of 2.8 nm and a Zeta potential of -0.6 mV. Cell viability and cytotoxicity results showed high cell compatibility of Ag-NPs at ≤ 4 μg/mL and obvious cell death at 16 μg/mL. The antibacterial potency of Ag-NPs was evaluated using the Oxford cup method and the broth dilution test. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Ag-NPs against the Gram-positive bacteria <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was 4 μg/mL, whereas that for the Gram-negative species <i>Escherichia coli</i> was as low as 2 μg/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentration of Ag-NPs against three types of bacteria was 8 μg/mL. The long-term colloidal stability, acceptable cytotoxicity, and broad-spectrum bactericidal activity of Ag-NPs were demonstrated. These ultra-small nanoscale metal particles hold great potential for antibacterial applications like wound care and antibacterial coating.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1796805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effect of sustained release of aloe emodin via novel grafted polymer in electrospun nanofiber membranes on peritendinous adhesions.","authors":"Xinpeng Dong, Yuan Wang, Yi Li, Xin Wang, Qing Yu, Changhao Han, Jiayi Wang, Shen Liu, Jinglei Wu, Shenghe Liu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1780630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1780630","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Tendon injuries are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions in clinical settings, affecting various regions such as the rotator cuff tendons, forearm flexor/extensor tendons, finger flexor tendons, and Achilles tendon. While surgery is an effective treatment, it often fails to balance intrinsic and extrinsic healing processes, leading to abnormal cell activation, proliferation, and migration, resulting in collagen deposition at the injury site. This pathological fibrosis causes severe peritendinous adhesions, posing a therapeutic challenge. Traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and implantable membranes have limited long-term efficacy and come with various side effects. Literature indicates that Aloe emodin(AE) can potentially inhibit multiple known pro-inflammatory pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, p38, and ERK, directly or indirectly reducing oxidative stress. In the field of fibrosis, Aloe emodin regulates the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway, downregulates extracellular matrix gene transcription, inhibits collagen deposition, improves cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that Aloe emodin may serve as an effective therapeutic agent for improving peritendinous adhesions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study involved grafting Aloe emodin onto polylactic acid via esterification to create a polylactic acid - Aloe emodin conjugate compound. Using electrospinning technology, a novel polylactic acid-Aloe emodin conjugate electrospun nanofiber membrane (PCA) was developed and characterized, and its role in preventing peritendinous adhesions was thoroughly validated. We validated and systematically evaluated the anti-adhesive capability of the new electrospun membrane through in vitro and in vivo experiments in rats.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Experimental results demonstrate that the electrospun membrane of polylactic acid-Aloe emodin grafted material exhibits excellent mechanical properties and hydrophilicity, and can achieve localized targeted release of damaged tissues after treatment with lipase. Compared with polylactic acid-Aloe emodin hybrid electrospun membrane (PBA), PCA exhibits superior anti-adhesion properties and maintains longer-lasting therapeutic effects. In vitro studies showed that PCA effectively reduced fibroblast activity, inhibiting their proliferation, adhesion, and PA formation. In vivo experiments confirmed that PCA could effectively wrap around surgically treated tendons and inhibit the TGFβ1/COLIII signaling pathway, significantly reducing peritendinous adhesions in rats, offering a new approach for PA treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, we designed and manufactured a novel polylactic acid - Aloe emodin conjugate electrospun nanofiber membrane. We validated and systematically evaluated the anti-adhesive capability of the new electrospun membrane through in vitro and in vivo experiments in rats. In sum","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1780630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Injectable electroconductive Prussian blue nanofiber-PVA hydrogel modulates the wound microenvironment to promote diabetic wound healing.","authors":"Dian-Qing Wang, Jin Huang, Sheng Chang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1844032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1844032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1748784.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1844032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design and preclinical evaluation of elastin-like polypeptide micelle nanoparticles for drug delivery.","authors":"Abdulhakim Tofik, Yuwei Zhang, Cassandra Volpe, Jing Wang","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1736210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1736210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) micelle nanoparticles have emerged as versatile and tunable platforms for drug delivery across diseases. These bio-inspired and thermo-responsive polymers typically produced recombinantly in <i>E.coli</i> or yeast offer great biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and cost-effective production. Rationally designed amphiphilic diblock ELPs, ELP-drug/polymer/protein conjugates, and ELP-nucleic acid polyplexes can self-assemble into micelle or micelle-like nanoparticles at physiological temperatures. Similar to other nanoparticle drug delivery systems, ELP micelles can load a broad range of drugs, prolong systemic circulation, and enable controlled and sustained drug release. Notably, ELP micelles provide unique advantages for delivering protein and peptide drugs, as their conjugates with ELP can be recombinantly synthesized with a 100% conjugation efficiency, eliminating the need for chemical coupling. In this review, we will discuss the design principles of ELP micelle-based drug delivery systems and summarize their recent applications in cancer therapy and vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1736210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving governance in the age of synthetic biology, artificial intelligence, and diverging threats.","authors":"Dunja M Sabra, Johannes L Frieß, Bernd Giese, Gunnar Jeremias","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1705143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1705143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advancements in synthetic biology (SynBio) and other emerging and converging technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) additive manufacturing (3D printing), and nanotechnology are driving progress at an unprecedented pace. However, these promising and groundbreaking advances could also lead to novel biological risks, including the potential development of SynBio-enabled bioweapons (BW).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducting a Delphi process, we consulted 13 experts from diverse relevant sectors. The multi-stage process included insights from literature reviews, expert interviews, two rounds of expert surveys, and two workshops.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified consistent biological threat prioritizations and established consensus-driven policy recommendations. Based on this, we developed a novel hybrid governance framework. Our key proposal includes a multifaceted and integrative approach involving four sequential, iterative components: raising awareness; establishing robust training and monitoring systems to improve biosecurity measures; developing and implementing agile governance frameworks; and strengthening international treaties, such as the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We consider these integral, interconnected components to be interdependent and equally important. In an era of SynBio, AI-driven bioengineering, and democratization of biotechnology, implementing these recommendations will better safeguard against the potential misuse of these advancements in the context of the development and proliferation of BW.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1705143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic nucleic acids in a post-agent biosecurity Era.","authors":"Jacob Hofman-Bang, Katrine Finderup Nielsen, Stine Juhl, Cyril Jean-Marie Martel","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1819026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1819026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1819026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable co-production of 1,3-PDO, ethanol and H₂ from glycerol via dark fermentation by <i>Citrobacter telavivensis</i> T1.2D-1 isolated from the deep subsurface.","authors":"Inés Ochoa-Arizu, Adrián Martínez-Bonilla, Nuria Rodríguez, Patricia Rojas, Ricardo Amils, José Luis Sanz, Alberto G Fairén, David Ruano-Gallego","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1778768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1778768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing production of biodiesel has led to a surplus of glycerol, a polluting by-product in need of valorization. In this study, we demonstrate that <i>Citrobacter telavivensis</i> T1.2D-1, an extremophile bacterium isolated from the Iberian Pyrite Belt, effectively converts glycerol into valuable compounds via dark anaerobic fermentation. Genomic and bioinformatic analyses confirmed the presence of the <i>dha</i> and <i>pdu</i> operons, responsible for 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) synthesis, and the <i>hyc</i> operon and <i>fdhF</i> gene involved in hydrogen (H₂) production. Batch fermentations revealed that optimal yields of both H₂ (0.94 mol^.mol-glycerol^-1) and 1,3-PDO (0.66 mol‧mol-glycerol^-1) were achieved at 25 °C using 2 g L^-1 of supplied glycerol. Optimum yield of ethanol (1 mol‧mol-glycerol^-1) was achieved using 12.5 g L^-1 of supplied glycerol. Interestingly, 1,3-PDO and H₂ production inversely correlated with ethanol formation, suggesting metabolic competition. Antibiotic sensitivity profiling revealed susceptibility to multiple antibiotics, supporting future genetic engineering efforts. We suggest opperating with reactors at low concentrations to produce 1,3-PDO and H₂ with high yields, and at medium concentrations to generate ethanol. Our findings support <i>C. telavivensis</i> T1.2D-1 as a promising venue for the sustainable biotechnological production of biohydrogen and bio-based 1,3-PDO from glycerol, offering a dual solution to both energy demands and industrial waste management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1778768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A standardized rat model of maxillary anterior periodontal soft tissue defect for the evaluation of soft tissue graft materials.","authors":"Ruoxuan Huang, Chunhsin Hsu, Shoucheng Chen, Junming Feng, Zetao Chen, Runheng Liu, Zhuofan Chen","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1802902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1802902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Functional reconstruction of periodontal soft tissue is a major focus in both clinical and basic research within the field of dentistry. However, standardized small-animal models that accurately recapitulate clinical periodontal soft tissue defect remain limited, hindering the development of the graft materials. This study aimed to establish a standardized, minimally invasive and reproducible rat model of periodontal soft tissue defect for systematic <i>in vivo</i> assessment of soft tissue regeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The anatomical characteristics of the maxillary and mandibular anterior labial regions and the hard palate in rats were comprehensively assessed to identify optimal recipient and donor sites. Based on these findings, a standardized 4 × 2 mm soft tissue defect was created in the maxillary anterior labial region and reconstructed using autograft, xenograft or left untreated as a control. The healing process was evaluated through sequential clinical observation, H&E staining, Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that this model enabled consistent defect creation with low complication rates and high reproducibility. Distinct yet clinically relevant healing patterns were observed among different treatment groups, closely resembling those reported in human periodontal soft tissue reconstruction. The model allowed dynamic evaluation of the quality of healing, tissue integration, materials degradation, angiogenesis and immune response of periodontal soft tissue regeneration.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This model provides a robust and translationally relevant <i>in vivo</i> platform for the mechanistic assessment of soft tissue graft materials. It facilitates systematic investigation of biological responses during soft tissue regeneration and supports early-stage screening and optimization prior to large-animal studies and clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1802902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task-specific computational fluid dynamics evaluation of multi-outlet extrusion nozzles for bioprinting.","authors":"Cesar D Vargas Urdaneta, Michael Taynnan Barros","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2026.1784513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1784513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Extrusion bioprinting is transitioning from proof-of-concept demonstrations toward repeatable, manufacturing-style workflows, yet nozzle design remains a key bottleneck. Within compact, opaque channels, bioinks experience geometry-driven shear, pressure losses, and flow redistribution that directly affect cell viability, extrusion stability, and deposition uniformity. Multi-outlet nozzles offer increased throughput by splitting a single feed into parallel filaments, but often suffer from flow imbalance and junction-induced shear hotspots. As a result, nozzle selection is still largely guided by trial-and-error rather than quantitative design evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study presents a controlled, task-oriented comparison of two multi-outlet splitter archetypes-a radial 90° manifold and a branched Y-split-each implemented with two and four outlets. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using representative rheological models for common hydrogel bioinks (GelMA, MeHA, and alginate) under pneumatic actuation. Internal pressure, velocity, and wall shear stress fields were resolved and translated into practical performance metrics, including outlet flow balance and pressure-normalised throughput.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two-outlet 90° manifold consistently produced the most uniform flow distribution and lowest shear exposure across shear-thinning bioinks, establishing it as the most robust configuration for cell-laden and precision printing. The two-outlet Y-split achieved higher outlet velocities, supporting faster deposition, but introduced elevated shear at junctions and greater sensitivity to operating conditions. Increasing the outlet count to four significantly increased flow maldistribution across all geometries and conditions, while failing to eliminate junction-driven shear hotspots, particularly in Y-split designs.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that nozzle geometry is a primary control parameter in extrusion bioprinting and cannot be reliably scaled by symmetry alone. The results establish practical, evidence-based guidelines for selecting nozzle architectures based on application requirements, including cell safety, precision, and throughput. The proposed framework enables more predictable nozzle design, improves reproducibility, and defines safer operating windows for bioprinting with living cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1784513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}