{"title":"外载荷大小和运载方式对消防员疲劳救援冲刺任务动态稳定性和工作性能的影响。","authors":"Enmeng Jiang, Yan Shi, Xinxin Zhang, Weiguo Liu","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1671642","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of different external load magnitudes and carrying techniques on dynamic stability and work performance during fatigued rescue sprint tasks in firefighters, thereby providing theoretical and practical support for injury prevention and performance enhancement in firefighting rescues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 126 professional healthy male firefighters performed 30-m rescue sprints under simulated fatigue in a 3 × 3 two-factor experimental design combining three external load magnitudes (10 kg, 20 kg, 30 kg) and three carrying techniques (shoulder-carry, bosom-carry, hand-carry).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>External load magnitude had no significant effect on margin of stability in the medial and lateral directions (MoS<sub>ml</sub>) (P > 0.05), but the margin of stability in the anterior and posterior directions (MoS<sub>ap</sub>) was significantly lower under 10 kg load tasks compared to 20 and 30 kg loads (P < 0.05). The hand-carry technique significantly increased MoS<sub>ap</sub> (P < 0.05) but significantly reduced MoS<sub>ml</sub> (P < 0.05). For 20 kg loads, hand-carrying resulted in significantly increased MoS<sub>ml</sub> compared to 10 and 30 kg tasks (P < 0.05), while bosom-carrying with 10 kg loads or shoulder-carrying with 20 kg loads significantly reduced MoS<sub>ml</sub> (P < 0.05). Center of mass (CoM) work was significantly higher under 20 kg load tasks (P < 0.05). It was also significantly higher when using the hand-carry technique (P < 0.05), particularly when hand-carrying 20 kg loads (P < 0.05). Both external load magnitude and carrying technique significantly affected hip joint work (P < 0.05). Hip joint work was significantly higher under 10 kg loads (P < 0.05), and significantly greater when using hand-carrying compared to bosom-carrying (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is recommended that firefighters choose carrying techniques based on specific load conditions: avoiding hand-carrying moderate loads, while shoulder carry for moderate to large loads, and bosom carry for small loads. Additionally, hip joint function training should be emphasised in daily routines to improve body control, reduce injury risk during rescue tasks, and enhance overall task performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1671642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12528044/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of external load magnitude and carriage techniques on dynamic stability and work performance during fatigued rescue sprint tasks in firefighters.\",\"authors\":\"Enmeng Jiang, Yan Shi, Xinxin Zhang, Weiguo Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1671642\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of different external load magnitudes and carrying techniques on dynamic stability and work performance during fatigued rescue sprint tasks in firefighters, thereby providing theoretical and practical support for injury prevention and performance enhancement in firefighting rescues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 126 professional healthy male firefighters performed 30-m rescue sprints under simulated fatigue in a 3 × 3 two-factor experimental design combining three external load magnitudes (10 kg, 20 kg, 30 kg) and three carrying techniques (shoulder-carry, bosom-carry, hand-carry).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>External load magnitude had no significant effect on margin of stability in the medial and lateral directions (MoS<sub>ml</sub>) (P > 0.05), but the margin of stability in the anterior and posterior directions (MoS<sub>ap</sub>) was significantly lower under 10 kg load tasks compared to 20 and 30 kg loads (P < 0.05). The hand-carry technique significantly increased MoS<sub>ap</sub> (P < 0.05) but significantly reduced MoS<sub>ml</sub> (P < 0.05). For 20 kg loads, hand-carrying resulted in significantly increased MoS<sub>ml</sub> compared to 10 and 30 kg tasks (P < 0.05), while bosom-carrying with 10 kg loads or shoulder-carrying with 20 kg loads significantly reduced MoS<sub>ml</sub> (P < 0.05). Center of mass (CoM) work was significantly higher under 20 kg load tasks (P < 0.05). It was also significantly higher when using the hand-carry technique (P < 0.05), particularly when hand-carrying 20 kg loads (P < 0.05). Both external load magnitude and carrying technique significantly affected hip joint work (P < 0.05). Hip joint work was significantly higher under 10 kg loads (P < 0.05), and significantly greater when using hand-carrying compared to bosom-carrying (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is recommended that firefighters choose carrying techniques based on specific load conditions: avoiding hand-carrying moderate loads, while shoulder carry for moderate to large loads, and bosom carry for small loads. Additionally, hip joint function training should be emphasised in daily routines to improve body control, reduce injury risk during rescue tasks, and enhance overall task performance.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12444,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology\",\"volume\":\"13 \",\"pages\":\"1671642\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12528044/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1671642\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1671642","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of external load magnitude and carriage techniques on dynamic stability and work performance during fatigued rescue sprint tasks in firefighters.
Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of different external load magnitudes and carrying techniques on dynamic stability and work performance during fatigued rescue sprint tasks in firefighters, thereby providing theoretical and practical support for injury prevention and performance enhancement in firefighting rescues.
Methods: A total of 126 professional healthy male firefighters performed 30-m rescue sprints under simulated fatigue in a 3 × 3 two-factor experimental design combining three external load magnitudes (10 kg, 20 kg, 30 kg) and three carrying techniques (shoulder-carry, bosom-carry, hand-carry).
Results: External load magnitude had no significant effect on margin of stability in the medial and lateral directions (MoSml) (P > 0.05), but the margin of stability in the anterior and posterior directions (MoSap) was significantly lower under 10 kg load tasks compared to 20 and 30 kg loads (P < 0.05). The hand-carry technique significantly increased MoSap (P < 0.05) but significantly reduced MoSml (P < 0.05). For 20 kg loads, hand-carrying resulted in significantly increased MoSml compared to 10 and 30 kg tasks (P < 0.05), while bosom-carrying with 10 kg loads or shoulder-carrying with 20 kg loads significantly reduced MoSml (P < 0.05). Center of mass (CoM) work was significantly higher under 20 kg load tasks (P < 0.05). It was also significantly higher when using the hand-carry technique (P < 0.05), particularly when hand-carrying 20 kg loads (P < 0.05). Both external load magnitude and carrying technique significantly affected hip joint work (P < 0.05). Hip joint work was significantly higher under 10 kg loads (P < 0.05), and significantly greater when using hand-carrying compared to bosom-carrying (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: It is recommended that firefighters choose carrying techniques based on specific load conditions: avoiding hand-carrying moderate loads, while shoulder carry for moderate to large loads, and bosom carry for small loads. Additionally, hip joint function training should be emphasised in daily routines to improve body control, reduce injury risk during rescue tasks, and enhance overall task performance.
期刊介绍：
The translation of new discoveries in medicine to clinical routine has never been easy. During the second half of the last century, thanks to the progress in chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, we have seen the development and the application of a large number of drugs and devices aimed at the treatment of symptoms, blocking unwanted pathways and, in the case of infectious diseases, fighting the micro-organisms responsible. However, we are facing, today, a dramatic change in the therapeutic approach to pathologies and diseases. Indeed, the challenge of the present and the next decade is to fully restore the physiological status of the diseased organism and to completely regenerate tissue and organs when they are so seriously affected that treatments cannot be limited to the repression of symptoms or to the repair of damage. This is being made possible thanks to the major developments made in basic cell and molecular biology, including stem cell science, growth factor delivery, gene isolation and transfection, the advances in bioengineering and nanotechnology, including development of new biomaterials, biofabrication technologies and use of bioreactors, and the big improvements in diagnostic tools and imaging of cells, tissues and organs.
In today`s world, an enhancement of communication between multidisciplinary experts, together with the promotion of joint projects and close collaborations among scientists, engineers, industry people, regulatory agencies and physicians are absolute requirements for the success of any attempt to develop and clinically apply a new biological therapy or an innovative device involving the collective use of biomaterials, cells and/or bioactive molecules. “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” aspires to be a forum for all people involved in the process by bridging the gap too often existing between a discovery in the basic sciences and its clinical application.
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