Food Production, Processing and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Exogenous brassinolide promotes the synthesis and enrichment of polyphenols during the germination of brown rice","authors":"Xiangyu Pang, Yixuan Yan, Ningxin Ding, Mingcong Fan, Li Wang (15202), Haifeng Qian, Yan Li (23143)","doi":"10.1186/s43014-026-00392-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-026-00392-x","url":null,"abstract":"Brown rice is a nutrient-dense whole grain with beneficial bioactive compounds that could be enriched by germination. Brassinolide is a plant growth regulator that promotes germination and modulate secondary metabolism but its role in brown rice germination remains unexplored. This study investigated the effects of brassinolide pretreatment on the polyphenol metabolism and antioxidant capacity of brown rice seeds during germination. Brassinolide exposure demonstrated concentration-dependent effects, with optimal concentrations increasing germination rates by 24.51% while supraoptimal levels suppressed germination. Treated samples exhibited 19.97%–86.05% elevation in polyphenolic content and improved antioxidant capacity. Untargeted metabolomics showed brassinolide-induced metabolic reprogramming, particularly in phenylpropanoid derivatives (phenylalanine, ferulic acid, caffeic acid). KEGG analysis revealed enrichment in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, while suggesting sucrose metabolism may provide precursor support for polyphenol accumulation. Enzymatic assays confirmed significant upregulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic enzymes, with PAL activity 2.1 times higher than the controls. These findings provide insights into brassinolide's dual-phase mechanism: enhancing germination kinetics while activating secondary metabolite synthesis. Moreover, the results indicate that optimized brassinolide treatment effectively modulates metabolic networks to improve phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in germinated brown rice, providing a biochemical basis for functional food development.","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43014-026-00392-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148305553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional properties of <i>Moringa stenopetala</i> seed meal protein isolates obtained from solvent-assisted protein extraction.","authors":"Abisoye Dorcas Olukitibi, Anteneh Tesfaye Tefera, Debebe Worku Dadi, Mulualem Tamiru Kassa, Alphonsus Utioh, Rotimi Emmanuel Aluko","doi":"10.1186/s43014-026-00365-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43014-026-00365-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Moringa stenopetala</i> (MS) is a stress-resilient, multipurpose African tree known for its valuable leaves as well as the protein and oil rich seeds. This study evaluated the effects of acetone (AMSPI), hexane (HMSPI), methanol (MMSPI), 100% ethanol (EMSPI), 70% ethanol (7EMSPI), 50% ethanol (5EMSPI), and water (WMSPI) pretreatments of MS seed meal on the physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolates obtained via alkaline isoelectric precipitation (ISO). These protein isolates were compared with the isolate produced from the untreated moringa seed meal (UMSPI). The protein content ranged from 85.34% for 5EMSPI to 96.95% for MMSPI. Protein isolates obtained from solvent-treated meals had higher contents of hydrophobic, positively charged, negatively charged, and sulfur containing amino acids than the UMSPI. Bitterness scores of the protein isolates obtained from solvent extracted MS meals ranged from 23.3 to 28.3 when compared to the 23.8 for the UMSPI while AMSPI and 7EMSPI had the highest scores of 28.3 ± 0.2 and 27.9 ± 0.1, respectively, as determined by electronic tongue. AMSPI demonstrated superior (<i>p</i> < 0.05) solubility (25-75% across pH 3-9), foaming capacity (~ 80%), and thermal stability (T_d = 88.77 °C) while MMSPI displayed the highest fluorescence intensity at pH 3. The UMSPI had the highest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) total phenolic content of 1.45 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, while WMSPI (0.86 mg GAE/mg) had the lowest value. These findings highlight the significant influence of solvent extraction methods, with AMSPI and 7EMSPI emerging as optimal choices for food applications requiring high solubility, stability, and foaming properties.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"8 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13038675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of steam explosion and high-pressure processing on phenolics of beach pea and Dunn pea: a comparative evaluation of their functional benefits.","authors":"Sarusha Santhiravel, Fereidoon Shahidi","doi":"10.1186/s43014-026-00411-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43014-026-00411-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of steam explosion (SE) and high-pressure processing (HPP) on the phenolic composition, distribution, and biological activities of beach pea (<i>Lathyrus maritimus</i> L.) and Dunn pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> var. <i>avense</i>) were investigated. Phenolic fractions were extracted as free (FP), esterified (EP), glycosylated (GP), and insoluble-bound (IBP), and their profiles were characterized using UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. In untreated samples, phenolics were predominantly present in the IBP fraction. Both SE and HPP significantly altered phenolic distribution by reducing IBP, EP, and GP fractions and increasing FP content, indicating enhanced release of bound phenolics. SE exhibited a greater effect on phenolic liberation but resulted in their higher overall loss, whereas HPP preserved more total phenolics due to milder processing conditions. A total of twenty phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and stilbenes, were identified, with notable redistribution across fractions following treatment. These compositional changes were associated with enhanced biological activities of the FP fraction, including increased radical scavenging (nitric oxide and peroxyl radicals), improved inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and greater protection against low-density lipoprotein oxidation and DNA strand scission. The extent of phenolic release and functional enhancement varied between the two legumes, highlighting matrix-dependent responses. Overall, SE and HPP effectively improved the extractability and functionality of phenolics, with implications for developing value-added functional food ingredients from underutilized legumes.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"8 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of nutritional parameters and elemental diversity in oat genotypes: opportunities for crop improvement and food industry utilization","authors":"Pankaj Pankaj, Atman Poonia, Dalbir Singh Phogat, Anil Kumar Siroha, Rukoo Chawla, Vinod Kumar, Mehdi Rahimi","doi":"10.1186/s43014-025-00347-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-025-00347-8","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study seed yield and biochemical parameters of 56 diverse oat genotypes for grain quality and their utilization in crop improvement were studied. The results obtained exhibited a wide range of variability for all the parameters i.e., β-glucan content (22.50–44.90 mg/g), crude protein (129.5–167.6 mg/g), total soluble sugar (21.6–64 mg/g), reducing sugar (7.8–21.7 mg/g), non-reducing sugar (12.00–42.3 mg/g), total phenol (4.3–15.1 mg/g), nitrogen (15.86–20.53 mg/g), potassium (9.96–16.6 mg/g), phosphorus (1.46–6.64 mg/g), iron (3.53–12.78 mg/100 g), zinc (3.83–7.83 mg/100 g) and magnesium (85.8–232.4 mg/100 g), respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that nitrogen content had a statistically significant positive correlation with total phenol, seed crude protein, magnesium, and total soluble sugar. However, Fe is positive and significantly correlated with N content. The genotypes HFO 419 and OS 346 were identified as the best performers for SCP, N, TSS, RS, and NRS. HFO602 recorded the highest Mg and K levels whereas HFO 862 and HFO 867 were found promising for the Fe and Zn content. Therefore, the best genotypes from the present study may be recommended for the food industries and may be utilized in heterosis breeding programs to enhance nutritional quality.","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43014-025-00347-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfect balance between the water absorption and mechanical properties of carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofibre pads through citric acid cross-linking","authors":"Ru Li, Xincheng Mei, Wei Jin, Zongyun Yang, Yating Liu, Zhen Li, Xinglian Xu, Peng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s43014-025-00341-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-025-00341-0","url":null,"abstract":"Natural polysaccharides combined with biodegradable polymers are used as raw materials to obtain nanostructures through electrospinning, and they have attracted attention in many fields (such as food packaging pads) because of their high water absorption. However, maintaining physical stability while absorbing water in this cross-linked porous structure is challenging. In this study, a modified nanofibre absorbent membrane was prepared by electrospinning using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (2:8, w/w) as the matrix materials and citric acid (CA, 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, w/w relative to the total weight of the CMC and PVA polymers) as the cross-linking agent. Under 10% CA, the fibre membranes achieved a 1597% water absorption rate with only 15% solubility, and they exhibited satisfactory tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB). Experimental results have shown that the high water absorption rate of nanofilms is attributed to an improvement in nanostructure uniformity. In this study, the mechanical stability of the nanofilm after water absorption was due to the crosslinking effect of macromolecules caused by CA. FT-IR and XPS results showed that CA and the matrix material might have undergone esterification cross-linking reactions, which consumed the hydroxyl groups in the material and increased the ester group content. XRD showed that CA changed the crystal structure of the material. The incorporation of 15% CA resulted in enhanced thermal stability, solubility, and surface wettability but a reduction in water absorption, TS, and EB of the nanofibres. In general, an appropriate amount of CA can be used to balance the mechanical properties and water absorption characteristics of an electrospinning nanofibre pad. A nanofibre absorbent pad with 10% CA (NFs/CA 10%) demonstrated suitable surface wettability, strong tensile strength, and strong water absorption, and it could maintain integrity in water, indicating that it has potential application value and good application prospects in the field of food absorbent pads.","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43014-025-00341-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147881554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and hypoglycemic mechanism of polysaccharide from Lonicera macranthoides","authors":"Shiyang Zhou, Fengming Ren","doi":"10.1186/s43014-025-00329-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-025-00329-w","url":null,"abstract":"In order to explore the in vitro hypoglycemic effect of lonicerae flos polysaccharides and its mechanism of action, the crude lonicerae flos polysaccharide was prepared by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation. After sevage, dialysis, DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100, the homogeneous component lonicerae flos polysaccharide was finally separated and purified. HepG2 cell experiment was used to investigate the hypoglycemic activity and mechanism of lonicerae flos polysaccharide, detecting the active polysaccharide components, and preliminarily analyze its monosaccharide composition, molecular weight and hypoglycemic pathway. The results showed that lonicerae flos polysaccharide was mainly composed of fucose (Fuc, 0.42%), rhamnoose (Rha, 7.81%), arabinose (Ara, 27.54%), galactose (Gal, 7.86%), glucose (Glu, 4.68%), xylose (Xyl, 0.33%) and galacturonic acid (Gal-UA, 51.36%). The results of total sugar, uronic acid, protein and molecular weight showed that total sugar content was 92.13% of lonicerae flos polysaccharide, the content of uronic acid was 48.66%, the protein content was 0.15%, weight average Mw was 121.994 k–Da and the Mn was 37.088 k–Da. In normal HepG2 cells, lonicerae flos polysaccharide could significantly promote glucose transport and increase glucose consumption in HepG2 cells. In insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, lonicerae flos polysaccharide could promoted the uptake of glucose, and there was a positive correlation with the mass concentration. The mechanism of hypoglycemic action showed that the lonicerae flos polysaccharide of 320 μg/mL could significantly regulate the abnormal expression of GLUT4, GSK-3β and IRS1 proteins in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. This study provides a valuable scientific basis for the mechanism and effect of hypoglycemic action of the active components of lonicerae flos.","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43014-025-00329-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147921482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical profiling of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua aqueous extract by UPLC-Q-TOF MS and protective effect on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease","authors":"Tianzhuo Cao, Xiaoya Hai, Chenchen Zhao, Mengjin Wang, Zihan Tong, Hao Cui, An Zhou, Juan Liu, Nianjun Yu, Lihua Xing","doi":"10.1186/s43014-025-00338-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-025-00338-9","url":null,"abstract":"Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. Hua) has been demonstrated with several biological potentials, such as lipid lowering and anti-inflammatory effects. To evaluate protective the effect of P. Hua aqueous extract (PCHE) on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), PCHE was analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF MS to characterize the chemical composition and pharmacodynamic experiments in vivo and in vitro were conducted using PCHE to intervene in MAFLD models. In vitro, a MAFLD cellular model was established by inducing HepG2 cells with free fatty acid (FFA). In vivo, a MAFLD murine model was generated via a high-fat/high-fructose (HFHF) diet in C57BL/6 J mice. The results showed that a total of 32 chemical compounds were detected in PCHE. In both HepG2 cells and HFHF-induced MAFLD mice, high-dose PCHE significantly improved lipid profiles, inhibited excessive hepatic lipid droplet accumulation, and up regulated the mRNA and protein expression of PPARα/CPT-1A/MCAD. In conclusion, PCHE exerted regulatory effects on MAFLD, possibly associated with the modulation of the PPARα/CPT-1A/MCAD signaling pathway. These results provided an vital basis for the development of functional food made up of P. Hua to prevent MAFLD.","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43014-025-00338-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puerarin esters mitigate oxygen and glucose deprivation-reoxygenation-induced injury in microglial cells","authors":"Lan Mo, Guanglei Zhao, Xiaofeng Li, Ning He, Xinglong Xiao, Haixia Xu, Yigang Yu","doi":"10.1186/s43014-025-00314-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-025-00314-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Puerarin esters (PAES) are novel isoflavone derivatives of puerarin. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that PAES with medium-long chain lengths may exert a neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke through NF-κB signaling, TNF signaling, and apoptosis-related signaling pathways. To clarify the protective role of PAES in ischemic stroke, the present study was carried out by using a typical cell model:oxygen and glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced microglial cells model. Results showed that pretreatment with PAES (25 μM) remarkably increased cell viability and promoted microglial polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype under OGD conditions. Furthermore, PAES decreased OGD/R-induced cell death via suppressing cleaved-caspase 3 expression and decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. PAES treatment up-regulated SOD1 and Nrf2 expression, P-Akt, while P-JNK, P-P38, NF-κB expressions were significantly down-regulated. In conclusion, this study reports that PAES effectively mitigates OGD/R-caused inflammatory damage and oxidative stress in microglia cells, thereby suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43014-025-00314-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel lutein-stevioside complex inhibits DSS-induced colitis","authors":"Yangyang Dong, Mengdi Hao, Yayuan Xu, Lei Feng, Dajing Li, Yunhe Lian, Di Wu, Zhuqing Dai","doi":"10.1186/s43014-025-00310-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-025-00310-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lutein is a natural strong antioxidant that has been reported to prevent inflammation and cancer in the body. However, its low solubility and bioavailability limit its efficacy. We previously prepared a highly water-soluble lutein-stevioside (LUT-STE) complex, which significantly improved the bioavailability of lutein. This study aims to explore whether the complex can further improve its effectiveness in preventing colitis. In this study, a DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model was used to explore whether the complex can further improve its effectiveness in preventing colitis. The results showed that both LUT-STE and LUT + STE showed a good inhibitory effect on colitis, which was better than their single treatment group. LUT and STE showed a synergistic effect in inhibiting colitis function. LUT and STE intervention could significantly improve the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis, including inhibiting weight loss, colon shortening, hematochezia, intestinal tissue damage, and secretion and expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, LUT and STE treatment increased mRNA expression levels of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1, restored intestinal tissue integrity, and improved the expression of short-chain fatty acid receptor genes GRP41 and GRP43, which contributed to enhancing the production of medium-short chain fatty acids in mice. The STE encapsulates the LUT through adjustment. The relative abundance of Rikenellaceae , Prevotellaceae , Lachnospiraceae , Ruminococcaceae , Erysipelotrichaceae , Helicobacteraceae , and Bacteroidaceae regulate the ecological imbalance of intestinal microbiome and change the function of a microbial community. Therefore, LUT and STE can improve DSS-induced colitis by regulating intestinal flora structure and some vital intestinal microorganisms. LUT and STE may be promising substances for treating human IBD and provide the fundamental theoretical basis for developing nutritional prevention and intervention strategies. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43014-025-00310-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics study on fermented soybean meal by Rhizopus oligosporus RT-3 and its improvement on the growth status of malnourished mice","authors":"Teng Sun, Zhaojun Wang, Yiqiang Dai, Kang Zhai, Xiangna Fang, Yitian Chen, Baomin Zhao, Zhiwen Ge","doi":"10.1186/s43014-024-00286-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43014-024-00286-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, Rhizopus oligosporus RT-3 was utilized to ferment soybean meal to obtain a tempe-like food with low fat and high bioactivity. To investigate the impact of fermentation on soybean meal’s nutritional value, we detected the protein-related indices and conducted a non-targeted metabonomic analysis on both fermented soybean meal (FSM) and soybean meal (SM) in order to explore changes in a certain type of metabolite and its corresponding metabolic pathways. The results showed a significant increase in crude protein, peptides and amino acids while getting porous after fermentation. A reduction of raffinose and stachyose to 18.1% and 8.5%, respectively, due to the action of α-galactosidase and β-furanofructosidase occurred. As to amino acid metabolites, essential amino acids for human bodily functions such as lysine, histidine, and threonine were significantly upregulated. Furthermore, nine peptide metabolites were identified as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-IV). After feeding with different doses of FSM, levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hemoglobin (HB), albumin (ALB), and total protein (TP) of malnourished mice all returned to normal. In conclusion, fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus RT-3 can improve the quality of SM by reducing the level of oligosaccharide anti-nutrition factors and increasing the contents of free amino acid and small bioactive peptides, which provide a theoretical basis and new ideas for the application of FSM. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":12395,"journal":{"name":"Food Production, Processing and Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fppn.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43014-024-00286-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}