Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"[Burnout: Historical Background, Concepts, Methodological Problems, Prevention And Different Perspectives On A Striking Phenomenon].","authors":"Andreas Hillert","doi":"10.1055/a-2256-4439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2256-4439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burnout, historically the successor to neurasthenia, is considered an exhaustion phenomenon caused by prolonged work-related stress. The very concept of \"being burned out\" implies an image that is immediately understandable and concise to any layperson. Academic psychiatry and psychology pose conceptual challenges to this popular model, which was first published in 1974 by the German-American psychotherapist Herbert Freudenberger. To date, more than 140 definitions of burnout have been proposed. All of the main features of burnout, especially the experience of exhaustion, are non-specific. Various burnout development models have been proposed, which were assumed to represent a quasi-natural process. None could be confirmed empirically. An expert consensus on the diagnostic criteria and conceptual classification, whether as an independent disorder or as a risk condition, could not be achieved. Nevertheless, burnout is classified as a work-related disorder in the ICD-11. Current findings indicate that the experience of burnout among members of the baby boomer generation often reflects their high performance expectations of themselves, while the identical subjective feeling in Generation Z is often associated with missing or unsustainable professional goals. The research on the burnout phenomenon, which largely ignores the fact that burnout - in the absence of reliable diagnostic criteria - must be considered a subjective model, meets social expectations but does not meet scientific criteria. A parallel recording of ICD/DSM diagnoses and subjective disorder models is recommended in everyday therapeutic practice in order to meet the needs of both sides.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 5","pages":"194-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140954744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Assisted Suicide - An Important Topic For Neurology And Psychiatry].","authors":"Thomas Pollmächer","doi":"10.1055/a-2267-6124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2267-6124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 5","pages":"168-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140957112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Neurorehabilitation after epilepsy surgery in the temporal lobe in patients with specific neurocognitive risk profiles].","authors":"Michael Schwarz, Annabell Sophie Badstübner, Karlotta Meyn, Katrin Walther, Hajo Hamer","doi":"10.1055/a-2284-0431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2284-0431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In case of pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy, surgery is often the only way to achieve seizure freedom. These operations may result in cognitive deficits, especially with surgery in the left temporal lobe. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients operated in the left or right temporal lobe, respectively, have different cognitive outcomes. Furthermore, it was investigated if there was a positive influence of occupational therapy on neurorehabilitation in epilepsy patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In all patients cognitive performance was assessed preoperatively and six months postoperatively. Patient groups with surgery in the right and left temporal lobe were compared. Additionally, single cases of patients who had undergone extensive pre- and postoperative occupational therapy were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significantly better cognitive outcome in patients who underwent surgery in their right temporal lobe. Occupational therapy was highly beneficial in patients after left temporal lobe surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Occupational therapy after left temporal lobe surgery is adapted to find individual solutions for the patient's problems and to implement effective cognitive training strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Inpatient Treatment of Mentally Ill Prisoners in General Psychiatric Departments and Hospitals].","authors":"Felix Grubbe, Elias Wagner, Oliver Pogarell, Manuela Dudeck, Alkomiet Hasan","doi":"10.1055/a-1981-2883","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-1981-2883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inpatient psychiatric treatment of prisoners is organized differently in Germany, depending on the structural conditions of the federal state and prison. There are very few findings on the different possibilities of treatment and the view of the hospitals on this issue.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our aim was to gain an up-to-date picture of inpatient treatment of prisoners in general psychiatric departments and hospitals and the challenges these institutions face.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an anonymous online survey of the frequency, extent, and challenges of inpatient treatment of prisoners. Approximately 460 chief physicians of German general psychiatric departments and hospitals were invited to participate in this survey. In addition to descriptive statistics, we calculated group differences by type of hospital and by subjective responsibility for inpatient care of prisoners.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 74 chief physicians surveyed participated; 51.4% of the surveyed hospitals provided psychiatric inpatient treatment to prisoners in 2020. Group differences between the different types of hospitals were found only for the presence of anticipated anxiety among regular inpatients. Various differences were found between responsible and non-responsible hospitals, especially with regard to organizational aspects.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>For the treatment of mentally ill prisoners, various organizational challenges as well as fears of hospital staff and fellow patients were mentioned by the participants. The type of hospital appears to play a subordinate role here, whereas the responsibility of the hospital for the inpatient treatment of mentally ill prisoners might be more decisive for anticipated concerns and barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9158489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Myasthenia Gravis - Update].","authors":"Kristina Gutschmidt, Benedikt Schoser","doi":"10.1055/a-2238-7784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2238-7784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myasthenia gravis - still a challenge for sufferers and doctors in 2023. But which therapy is best suited? Our clinically experienced experts have summarized the current guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in order to provide optimal support for those affected. Find out how you can carry out a quick and targeted diagnosis and which treatment options are available to alleviate the course of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 4","pages":"139-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Towards a Better understanding of Persisting Perceptual Disturbances following the use of Classic Psychedelics.]","authors":"Mihai Avram, Uwe Herwig, Stefan Borgwardt, Tomislav Majić","doi":"10.1055/a-2264-6472","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2264-6472","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 4","pages":"118-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Emetophobia - the Specific Phobia of Vomiting: a case report].","authors":"Andreas Philipp Eckert, Lisa Wallner, Ataraxia Clara-Sophia Hofstädter","doi":"10.1055/a-2248-5229","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2248-5229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139722262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ViaCogScreen: An Efficient, Valid, and Repeatable Screening Tool for Cognitive Performance Assessment of the Elderly].","authors":"Matthias Schneider, Anna-Laura Potthoff, Lars Pannicke, Christine A F von Arnim, Frank Jessen, Christoph Helmstaedter","doi":"10.1055/a-2276-3557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2276-3557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the demographic change with an aging society in Germany, cognitive performance assessment of the elderly is of great importance. The Viacogscreen developed by us is a computer- and web-based brain performance screening for older adults that not only meets the criteria of a measurement instrument, but is also economical and repeatable. The test captures interlocking word list learning with delayed free recall and recognition, semantic word selection and fluidity, phonemic word fluidity and inverted number range, as well as incidental memory, resulting in a total of 17 performance parameters that provide a quick orientation (approximate test duration: 10-12 minutes) regarding the cognitive performance of a test subject. Three performance areas are depicted: executive functions, episodic and semantic memory. The test was standardized for 200 healthy test subjects in 6 different age groups (range: 50-85 years). For the first clinical validation, the test was used in the memory clinics in Bonn and Ulm, where 33 patients with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and 42 patients with suspected Alzheimer's disease (VAD) were tested. A control group of 42 healthy people of approximately the same age served as the control group. With regard to the cognitive test procedure, all three groups showed significantly different results regarding the overall score (ANOVA F=73.9, p<0.001), executive functions (F=27.6 p<0.001) and semantic memory (F=54.4 p<0.001). Regarding episodic memory, both clinical groups differed significantly from the control group, but not from each other (F=48.7, p<0.001). The Viacogscreen thus produced very good results in its first validation in two memory clinics with regard to differentiation of VAD, and good results with regard to MCI. In addition to use in neurodegenerative diseases, the Viacogscreen is also suitable for other neurological and neuro-oncological diseases, as well as for use in large clinical studies since it enables electronic data collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dementia Prevention].","authors":"Christian Kluckert, Michael Hüll","doi":"10.1055/a-2230-1845","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2230-1845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia is common and will continue to grow in importance and numbers in the future. However, as causal treatment is not possible in most cases, prevention is particularly important. This is not only aimed at cognitively healthy people, but is also a central element in all phases of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 3","pages":"90-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140136711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Multidimensional care for people with ALS and their families].","authors":"Peter Reilich","doi":"10.1055/a-2240-8802","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2240-8802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 3","pages":"70-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140136712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}