Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"[Psychologically guided group meetings for family caregivers of ALS patients].","authors":"Elisa Aust, René Günther, Andreas Hermann, Katharina Linse","doi":"10.1055/a-2156-9013","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2156-9013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS,) associated with progressive physical limitations, is a challenge to the patients themselves and also to their family caregivers, who have to deal with psychosocial, socio-medical and organizational issues. Caregivers are often closely involved and heavily burdened themselves, which is why specific support is recommended. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and acceptance of psychologically guided supportive group meetings for family caregivers in a specialist ALS outpatient clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over a period of two years, data were collected from a total of 26 caregivers of ALS patients in order to evaluate the relevance, usefulness and criticisms of open-topic meetings that took place every three months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Topics discussed in the meetings included mainly psychosocial issues such as self-care, dealing with emotions or with conflicts with the patients and third parties, as well as practical and organizational matters. The meetings were predominantly rated as helpful, well understandable and personally relevant and the exchange in a \"community of destiny\" was perceived as emotionally relieving.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The ALS caregiver group meetings in the described format were easy to carry out and well accepted. Supportive interventions, such as the one reported here, might be a valuable component of ALS care, to relieve the highly burdened caregivers of ALS-patients by providing them with social, emotional and practical support. However, the quantitative verification of the intervention's effectiveness is challenging - both methodologically and due to the caregivers' complex life situation. Psychosocial support services for ALS caregivers are feasible with little effort and should be an integral part of the standard ALS care based on a multi-dimensional, palliative care concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"81-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71479982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Subjective Burden in Psychiatric Compared to Somatic Healthcare Workers in Germany During the first wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Theresa Halms, Andreas Thoma, Victoria Kramer, Miriam Kunz, Peter Falkai, Thomas Schneider-Axmann, Anke Hierundar, Elias Wagner, Alkomiet Hasan, Irina Papazova","doi":"10.1055/a-2125-8906","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2125-8906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for health care workers (HCWs) worldwide. While the adverse effects of the pandemic on the well-being of HCWs in general have now been established, little is known about the impact on HCWs of psychiatric hospitals (PHCWs). PHCWs are of special interest, given that they faced both an increase in infection rates among psychiatric patients as well as in mental strain of the general public due to consequences of the pandemic. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the pandemic affected PHCWs as well as possible differences between PHCWs and other health care workers (OHCWs) in Germany during the first wave of the pandemic. We conducted a country-wide anonymous online survey early during the first pandemic wave between April 15th and May 1st, 2020, to assess different aspects of subjective burden and perceived stress using 5-point Likert-scale questions. We analysed data of 1530 PHCWs and 2114 OHCWs and showed that PHCWs reported higher subjective burden and stress compared to OHCWs (p<0.001). Overall, nurses from both groups of HCWs showed higher ratings in subjective burden and stress than physicians. These higher ratings for subjective burden were even more pronounced for nurses working in psychiatric hospitals. Future research is needed to investigate the causes for PHCWs' increased stress and subjective burden, especially when taking into account the long-term effects of the pandemic, which may lead to further challenges and an ever-increasing workload, especially for PHCWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9977173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current and innovative Approaches to Multiple Sclerosis Therapy].","authors":"Hernan Inojosa, Tjalf Ziemssen","doi":"10.1055/a-2167-1391","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2167-1391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The landscape of immunotherapies in the management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is currently particularly dynamic. Over 21 immunotherapeutic options are approved by the European Meidcines Agency (EMA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and newer approaches are ongoing in clinical trials. With advancements in the understanding of MS pathophysiology and further development of diagnosis criteria, newer and more specific disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have emerged in recent years. The selection and timing of proper therapeutic approaches is increasingly complex. We provide an overview of the available immunotherapies for a personalized MS treatment and discuss practical insights into their application. The importance of early intervention, distinction between escalation and induction approaches, and consideration of high-efficacy treatments for specific patient groups are in discussed. We emphasize the significance of a patient-centered approach, taking into account various factors such as comorbidities, family planning, administration preferences and potential side effects in treatment decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"92 1-02","pages":"41-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnosis and Management of Late-Onset Pompe Disease].","authors":"Philipp Hahn, Rainer-Georg Siefen, Korbinian Benz, Jochen Jackowski, Cornelia Köhler, Thomas Lücke","doi":"10.1055/a-2095-2977","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2095-2977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pompe disease is a lysosomal storage disorder, with onset between the first weeks after birth and adulthood, depending on its phenotype. It can affect multiple organ systems and presents itself with a wide variety of symptoms. Thus, recognizing Pompe disease is difficult. Especially since enzyme replacement therapy for Pompe disease was introduced (in Germany in 2006), early diagnosis by means of enzyme activity determination from dried blood spot analysis and genetic verification has become important for outcome and quality of life. When facing an obscure muscular disorder, it is crucial to consider Pompe disease. This article provides an overview about Pompe disease and focuses on the diagnosis of the late onset type. The most important aspects of interdiciplinary care for patients with Pompe disease are presented. Additionally, it contains a section focusing on psychosocial challenges for children with Pompe disease and their families, which may include mental disorders and social retreat, and gives advice on how to support parents of affected children.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9875748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Depression: Low-threshold Cardinal Measures as a Complement or Alternative to Pharmacological or Psychotherapeutic Interventions].","authors":"Anna-Maria Selalmazidou, Tom Bschor","doi":"10.1055/a-2169-2120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2169-2120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The third edition of the German National Clinical Practice Guideline for Depression emphasizes the significance of cardinal measures much more strongly than before. Low-threshold cardinal measures are an indispensable component of every depression treatment, regardless of severity and setting. They are suitable as a standalone treatment for mild and moderate depression. If inadequate improvement is observed, additional therapies should be supplemented. They should be implemented immediately after diagnosis to enhance the success rate.Regarding cardinal measures, among other things, comprehensive patient education in understandable language is essential. Patients with depressive disorders require guidance on structuring their day and building healthy activities. Patients with depression-related sleep disturbances benefit from sleep hygiene rules. Wake therapy constitutes an excellent and low-risk treatment method with immediate effect, which is a standard component of adequate depression treatment. Patients with a seasonal pattern of depression should be advised on light therapy. All patients should be encouraged to engage in regular physical activity with moderate intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"91 12","pages":"523-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Stroke-Related Cognitive Dysfunction].","authors":"Peter Kraft, Karl Georg Häusler","doi":"10.1055/a-2176-7862","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2176-7862","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"503-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49676092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The Therapy of Anxiety Disorders Around 1900. Hermann Oppenheim (1858-1919) and his Early Innovations].","authors":"Nina C Moenikes, Holger Steinberg","doi":"10.1055/a-2191-2835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2191-2835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a teacher and textbook author in psychiatry, Oppenheim initially received high national as well as international scientific recognition. In 1892, with his monograph on traumatic neurosis, which he regarded as the result of organic or molecular changes, his views became increasingly controversial and were met with rejection from the specialists of his time. mainly from German colleagues, probably not least because of his Jewish origin. Less historical attention, however, has been paid to Oppenheim's examination of the phenomenon of anxiety, which at his time was still a poorly elaborated pathological disorder. In his work, Oppenheim considered anxiety disorders to be an etiologically multifactorial disease and a syndrome in their own right. Oppenheim not only oriented himself towards common treatment methods such as dietetics or psychoanalysis but also considered the patient with his multi-dimensional problems as an individual deserving respect. What was more, he also applied self-developed psychotherapeutic treatment methods that show similarities with cognitive behavioral therapy that is predominantly used for anxiety disorders today. Oppenheim's work on anxiety disorders can be considered as highly innovative for his time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138470179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevention of Post-Stroke Depression].","authors":"Erik Simon, Kristian Barlinn, Timo Siepmann","doi":"10.1055/a-2190-9141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2190-9141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a clinically relevant complication of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebral infarction that affects about 30% of all stroke survivors. It is associated with reduced quality of life as well as delayed recovery from neurological deficits and functional impairment, frequently leading to impeded rehabilitation. Suitable screening methods allow early detection of PSD. Timely initiation of treatment in patients with manifest PSD as well as implantation of effective prevention strategies can help reduce medical and socioeconomic burden associated with the disease. We reviewed the current literature on pharmacological and non-pharmacological prevention of PSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"91 12","pages":"510-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Stroke in Neurology and Psychiatry].","authors":"Claudia Sommer","doi":"10.1055/a-2175-5846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2175-5846","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"91 12","pages":"492-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Advances in Understanding its Pathophysiology].","authors":"Solveig Henneicke, Sven Günther Meuth, Stefanie Schreiber","doi":"10.1055/a-2190-8957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2190-8957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sporadic cerebral small vessel disease determines age- and vascular-risk-factor-related processes of the small brain vasculature. The underlying pathology develops in a stage-dependent manner - probably over decades - often already starting in midlife. Endothelial and pericyte activation precedes blood-brain barrier leaks, extracellular matrix remodeling and neuroinflammation, which ultimately result in bleeds, synaptic and neural dysfunction. Hemodynamic compromise of the small vessel walls promotes perivascular drainage failure and accumulation of neurotoxic waste products in the brain. Clinical diagnosis is mainly based on magnetic resonance imaging according to the Standards for Reporting Vascular Changes on Neuroimaging 2. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is particularly stratified according to the Boston v2.0 criteria. Small vessel disease of the brain could be clinically silent, or manifested through a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases, where cognitive decline and stroke-related symptoms are the most common ones. Prevention and therapy are centered around vascular risk factor control, physically and cognitively enriched life style and, presumably, maintenance of a good sleep quality, which promotes sufficient perivascular drainage. Prevention of ischemic stroke through anticoagulation that carries at the same time an increased risk for large brain hemorrhages - particularly in the presence of disseminated cortical superficial siderosis - remains one of the main challenges. The cerebral small vessel disease field is rapidly evolving, focusing on the establishment of early disease stage imaging and biofluid biomarkers of neurovascular unit remodeling and the compromise of perivascular drainage. New prevention and therapy strategies will correspondingly center around the dedicated targeting of, e. g., cellular small vessel wall and perivascular tissue structures. Growing knowledge about brain microvasculature bridging neuroimmunological, neurovascular and neurodegenerative fields might lead to a rethink about apparently separate disease entities and the development of overarching concepts for a common line of prevention and treatment for several diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"91 12","pages":"494-502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}