Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"[The \"hysterical character\" and the etiology of hysteria in the chronology of Emil Kraepelin's psychiatry textbooks].","authors":"Clara Fuhrmann, Holger Steinberg","doi":"10.1055/a-2969-6639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2969-6639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>The aim of this paper was to describe and trace the development of the \"hysterical character\" and the etiology of the concept of hysteria on the basis of the individual editions of Emil Kraepelin's psychiatry textbooks and to discuss the social, methodological and scientific factors influencing it.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The 8 chapters about hysteria in the 1st to the 8^th edition of Kraepelin's psychiatry textbook (published from 1883 to 1915) were analyzed, compared and examined for changes and their motivations for change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all 8 editions, hysteria was attributed to a predisposition- related genesis, which had to be activated by external stimuli (e.g., from the sexual organs), with the degree of severity of the necessary stimuli depending on the degree of predispositionn. In the 6^th edition, the immediate causes of the symptoms were described as \"strongly emotional ideas\", following Paul Julius Möbius' views. In the 8^th edition, Kraepelin added that this emotive process could be traced back to \"phylogenetically ancient protective mechanisms\" that could manifest themselves due to developmental inhibitions. The \"hysterical character\" essentially contained the criteria of the \"histrionic personality disorder\" conceptualized much later in psychiatry, but was expanded, especially in the 5^th and 8^th editions, to include numerous contradictory, socially stigmatizing behaviours.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research principle of empirical-clinical psychiatry, the theory of degeneration and the nosological and etiological convictions of Möbius, a colleague who stood close to Kraepelin and demonstrably influenced his entire work, can now also be shown to have had an influence on his concept of hysteria. In addition, the social upheavals resulting from the women's movement, stereotypical ideas of femininity and Ernst Haeckel's \"Biogenetic Principle\" appear to have had a particular influence on his concept of hysteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The Use of Dialectical-Behavior Therapy in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders].","authors":"Beatrix Marth, Elke Humer, Human Unterrainer","doi":"10.1055/a-2954-0980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2954-0980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment of substance use disorders (SUD) remains a persistent challenge. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a multimodal cognitive-behavioral treatment approach that integrates acceptance- and change-oriented strategies and was originally developed to address severe emotion dysregulation. In the context of SUD, DBT-based adaptations and skills-oriented formats are particularly used to target emotion regulation, distress tolerance, mindfulness and relapse prevention. Aim: The aim of this review was to synthesize the current state of research in order to explore and evaluate the use and effectiveness of DBT-based interventions for SUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search in databases, Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar identified 13 relevant studies from the period 2010 to 2024, which were narratively synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite methodological limitations, the findings suggested that the DBT-based formats used, in particular DBT skills training (DBT-ST), might improve emotion regulation, distress tolerance and adaptive coping strategies. Additionally, there was evidence for beneficial effects on substance use, abstinence and craving. Furthermore, several findings suggested promising treatment acceptance and adherence, although these results depended on the context and study design.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, it can be concluded that DBT-ST, in particular, may be a suitable intervention option for individuals with SUD. However, further robust studies with standardized diagnostic procedures, longer follow-up periods and active control groups are needed to more precisely determine its specific efficacy and indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Deprescribing in geriatric psychiatry: overview of guideline recommendations, deprescribing algorithms, and tools].","authors":"Robert Haussmann, Ruth Borchers","doi":"10.1055/a-2946-3364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2946-3364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Deprescribing is the process of pharmacotherapy optimization by dose reduction or discontinuation of medications. Deprescribing is of high clinical relevance in geriatric psychiatry. The reduction of psychotropic medications is possible in the majority of cases and can improve quality of life. Guidance in deprescibing is provided by lists of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM), guidelines and specific deprescribing tools, although the necessary risk-benefit analysis and individualized case assessment cannot be replaced. An essential prerequisite for a successful deprescribing process is transparent communication with patients and relatives about benefits and risks and the individualized case management. This review summarizes available deprescribing recommendations in the field of geriatric psychiatry from relevant guidelines, PIM lists and specific deprescribing tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Telemedicine for mental disorders: Presentation and initial results of a telephone-based care approach].","authors":"Georg Bornemann","doi":"10.1055/a-2439-3965","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2439-3965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>OBJECTIVE: A telephone-based health program for people with depressive and anxiety disorders as well as stress, already implemented in the standard care of a private health insurance company, as well as the initial evaluation results will be presented.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>METHODS: The program, based on several months of telephone support for patients from medical professionals, focuses on teaching psychoeducational content, behavioral therapy techniques, and emotional support. In the current program, the German version of the DASS 21 questionnaire was used, which detects distress in the dimensions of depression, anxiety and stress as well as overall psychological stress. The demographic data and the questionnaire results of all participants from the first eleven months of the program, who completed questionnaires at two time points, are presented. The reductions in the DASS 21 (sub)scores after five months of coaching were defined as the primary endpoints. The basis for calculation was the t-test for dependent samples (α=0.05).</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>RESULTS: Two completed questionnaires were available from 86 of 199 participants (43.2%). The population was on average 49.5 years old and predominantly female (61.6%). In total, coaching lasted 170 (SD=58) days and 200 (81) minutes. On average, these minutes were distributed over 5.6 (1.9) calls. At baseline, there were increased scores in all subcategories (depression: 7.13 [4.99]; anxiety: 4.49 [4.07]; stress: 9.85 [4.16]; total: 21.47 [11.54]). After five months, a reduction in each parameter was measured (depression: - 2.14 [3.99], Cohen's d=0.54; anxiety: - 1.65 [3.36], d=0.49; stress: - 2.24 [4.81], d=0.47; total: - 6.03 [10.70]; d=0.56; p < 0.001 for each). Broken down by severity of stress at the start of care, several subcategories showed an increase in score reduction with increasing severity, with medium to large effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>CONCLUSION: The telephone program described is promising as an accompanying approach to treatment of mental illness. Due to the pre-post study design, the results presented do not allow a final statement to be made about the effectiveness of the program. However, based on the significant improvements in psychological stress shown over the course of the program, including relevant effect sizes, a further evaluation of this setting under controlled conditions is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"434-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Memory distortions in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: an underestimated diagnostic parameter].","authors":"Tatsiana Mliavaya, Lorenz Hofbauer, Claudia Matthes, Robert Haussmann","doi":"10.1055/a-2912-1628","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2912-1628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Dementia disorders such as Alzheimer`s disease (AD) are not exclusively characterized by memory deficits, but also by false memories. False memories are relevant with regard to functional impairments in various areas of life and also entail potential risks. Moreover, false memories are more specific predictors for amyloid pathology in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, and therefore require consideration in contextualized dementia diagnostics. In addition to functional impairment in the medial temporal lobe, according to recent literature, deficient frontal and executive functions are also important in the development of false memories. At present, little is known about the association between memory errors and brain structural aspects in non-AD dementias.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"428-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148790169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatrische und neurologische Krankheitsbilder: Ein gemeinsames Verständnis klinischer Komplexität.","authors":"Peter Falkai","doi":"10.1055/a-2948-5730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2948-5730","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"94 10","pages":"426-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnostics of polyneuropathies].","authors":"Dieter Felix Heuß, Helmar C Lehmann","doi":"10.1055/a-2699-3326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2699-3326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Diagnostics of polyneuropathies: </strong>Polyneuropathies are a heterogeneous group of peripheral nerve disorders with diverse causes and phenotypes. Structured, phenotype-oriented diagnostics are important for reliably identifying common and treatable triggers such as diabetes, alcohol, vitamin deficiency, or medication, and for distinguishing them from immune-mediated, paraneoplastic, or genetic neuropathies. Medical history, clinical examination, and electrophysiology usually provide the decisive clues. In addition, basic laboratory diagnostics, targeted immunological tests, and modern genetics are used for selected indications-such as for the question of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) mutations and repeat expansion of replication factor C 1 (RFC1). Nerve ultrasound and biopsy have selected indications. Entities such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated neuropathies and nitrous oxide induced myeloneuropathy are gaining in importance. Age-related physiological changes must always be taken into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"94 10","pages":"449-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the relationship of exposure to adverse childhood experiences and pain in healthy subjects.","authors":"Bernhard C L Maier, Sophie-Kathrin Greiner, Peter Justus Göller, Miriam Kunz, Alkomiet Hasan","doi":"10.1055/a-2890-0892","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2890-0892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate potential associations of exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) with pain sensitivity and to investigate a potential interacting role of ACE exposure and sex on pain sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated a sample of young and healthy adults (n=55; 43.6% male; mean age: 22.0 years). ACE were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Pain sensitivity was assessed by measuring heat-pain threshold (HPT) at the left lower leg. ANCOVA models were calculated to assess the association of ACE exposure and HPT as well as the interaction of ACE exposure and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 participants (41.8%) were classified as 'exposed to any ACE' according to CTQ results. There was no significant association of ACE exposure and HPT. Furthermore, there was no significant interaction of ACE exposure and sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further studies investigating samples of more severely traumatized participants and a more precise characterization of ACE exposure are needed to better investigate a potential relation of ACE and pain sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"443-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148420051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Molecular Imaging of Tau and α-Synuclein Pathologies: Technical Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities].","authors":"Johannes Sebastian Gnörich, Nicolai Franzmeier, Matthias Brendel","doi":"10.1055/a-2823-2465","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2823-2465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Parkinsonian syndromes, remains a major challenge despite improved clinical criteria. Positron emission tomography enables the in vivo visualization of pathological protein aggregates and has therefore become an important tool in molecular imaging. While amyloid PET is already clinically established, tau and α-synuclein PET are increasingly gaining attention in translational research and clinical applications. This review provides a current overview of the development, validation, and clinical application of tau and α-synuclein PET tracers, with a particular focus on atypical Parkinsonian syndromes. For tau-PET, isoform-specific aspects of tracer binding, differences between first- and second-generation tracers, as well as in vitro, autoradiographic, and in vivo validation data are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on second-generation tracers such as [¹⁸F]PI-2620, which exhibit improved binding properties for 4R tauopathies. In addition, methodological aspects of quantitative analysis, including reference regions, target regions, and dynamic acquisition protocols, are addressed. In the second part of the article, the current status of α-synuclein PET is summarized. Initial preclinical and clinical data on the tracer [¹⁸F]ACI-12589 demonstrate specific binding to pathological α-synuclein and enable a clear differentiation of multiple system atrophy from Parkinson's disease and healthy controls. Furthermore, early preclinical developments of TDP-43 PET tracers are discussed as a prospective extension of molecular imaging.In summary, this review highlights the potential of tau- and α-synuclein PET as complementary molecular imaging techniques to improve the differential diagnosis of atypical Parkinsonian syndromes and as future biomarkers for patient stratification and therapy monitoring in disease-modifying clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"371-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147527919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dementia with Lewy bodies].","authors":"Lena Marth, Adèlina Lund, Günter Höglinger, Johannes Levin","doi":"10.1055/a-2791-7810","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2791-7810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"340-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148316422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}